camp sanitation & hygiene

7/31/2019 Camp Sanitation & Hygiene

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Camp Sanitation & Hygiene

Capt DK JHAMed Offr


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An Important Matter

Personal hygiene is important to keepyourself healthy. You cant give full

attention to your mission if you arenthealthy

Camp hygiene and sanitation is

important for maintaining the health ofeveryone

Planning and training keeps personnelhealthy and focused on mission

objectives.


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Techniques for living in the field to keepyour body and the environment healthy

Campsite living

Waste

Sanitation

Personal hygiene

Environmental protection

Common medical

problems

Objectives


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Human waste

Disposalshould be decided on type of camp

1. Temporary (All camps in NDA)2. Semi temporary3. Permanent

4. High altitude


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Latrines

Trench latrines

Shallow Deep

Pour flush latrines

VIP (ventilated improved pit)

YES WE CAN


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Trash

Campsite cleanliness is important

Environmental considerations

Leave no trace camping

Attraction of insects and pests

Attraction of animals

Pack out what you pack in

Paper trash may burn if you have a campfire,but many plastics, foam, foil wrappers, etc.

only melt or partially burn- pack them out


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Trash Continued

If you have a fire, you may burn out cans, MREfood containers before putting them in the trash

to reduce attraction of insects and animals. Dry wet trash on the side of the fire (wet paper

towels, etc.) before burning

Do not bury trash- animals will just dig it backup

Do not dump trash or waste water into latrineholes


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Team Level Camps

Each member should collect and carry out

their own trash. Do not keep trash, food, or packs where smallanimals will be attracted They may destroy your equipment getting to it

They may eat your food supplies

Skunks may do more than try to eat your food Risks of bites

Dont leave your pack out leaning against atree or unprotected

The straps often absorb sweat and salt and rodents and smallanimals like to chew


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Hand Washing

Keep 200 feet away from streams and other water areas

Use biodegradable soap if possible

Consider sanitizing towellettes or wipes

Clean your hands after toilet use, before eating or preparing food, etc.


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Food

Even in non-bear country- food needs to besecured to keep it safe from other animals and

pests. Dont leave food setting about the campsite.

Keep food away from inside your tent orshelter area unless you want to wake up with

a new animal roommate. In non-bear country, you can still hang it in a

tree, secure in a food locker, place in avehicle, etc.


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Eating and Cooking

Wash hands before eating or preparing food

Make sure cooking and food utensils are clean Wash with biodegradable soap

Rinse well- soap residue can make you ill

Use boiling water when possible to rinse

Cooking pots or pans with a non-stick surface

makes clean up easy with far less water


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Eating and Cooking

Continued

In the backcountry, you may have to use

alternate water sources Assume all water you come in contact with in

the outdoors is unsafe

Water filtration is the safest method to assuresafe water Use filters capable of removing dangers of bacteria and Giardia


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Personal Care

Wash face, hands, and armpits at least eachday If water is limited, rub briskly with dry towel to remove excess oil

and perspiration

Teeth should be cleaned daily. If notoothbrush, use a small twig or a clean pieceof cloth on your finger

Underwear should be changed at least twice aweek. If no water to wash, shake it out and air for at least two hours


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Personal Care Continued

Wash feet daily and keep socks clean and dry.

Avoid Wearing scented deodorants, perfume, or after-shave it attracts

insects

Dont bath or launder in streams, ponds, etc with soaps. Carrywater at least 200 feet from water source


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Personal Care Continued

Sleep when ever possible

Catnaps-need few minutes to wake up fully

If no sleep- dont worry sleep loss does nopermanent damage to body and mind

Bad dreams-normal ways of dealing withcombat experiences.

Never trust your memory-write down.


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Personal care continued

Protection from flies, mosquitoes, rodents,insects.

Wear uniform properlyloose---double layersleeve down.

Wash uniform or change it to remove all

arthropods and eggs Use work rest cycle.


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Common Medical Conditions

Shoe Bite

Abrasion by ill fitting shoe, made

worse by physical activityPrevention Comfortable shoes

- Do not break into a new shoe before

any new physical event- Softening of pressure areas bypadding


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Treatment Adequate padding of

affected area, antiseptic ointment

- Rest to the affected part

- Report to the doctor


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Dungaree Bite

( Abrasion of any part of the skin)

caused by rubbing against dry skin,rough cloth

Prevention adequately moisturise/

oil rubbing skin, soft clo, paddingTreatment - Adequate padding ofaffected area, antiseptic ointment



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Insect Bite & resulting irritation/urticaria

caused due to allergic reaction to insect

bite.Prevention stay away from insects

(they come uninvited)

Treatment Clean with soap and water

- Apply ice to soothe the pain

- Urticaria/wheals doctor immediately


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Heat Exhaustion/ Heat Stroke

- Due to excessive exhaustion-lack of

rest-excessive environmental heat-lowwater intake-medications-stress

- Heat Exhaustion to Heat Stroke

- Emergency


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Prevention water intake- clothing

- rest/sleep/stress

Treatment Emergency info doctor asap- Loosen and remove clo.

- Shade/cold environment- water spray and fanning- water to drink- unconscious no water orally


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Fungal Infections (Ringworm/Taenia Pedis/AthletesFoot/ Foot Rot)- Fungus infects dirty/moist areas of the skin

- commonly neck, groin, between toes

Prevention Keep clean- Bathe daily- Clean susceptible areas with greater care- Thorough drying- Foot Powder- Frequent change of underwear/socks/clo- Airing of affected areas.


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Treatment Cleaning of areas with PPsoaks twice daily

- No shoes/socks/airing

- Role of foot powder and ointapplication

- Report to doctor


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Stomach Related Diseases (Gas/Loosemotions/Vomiting)

- Unhygienic food and water- Improper food habits

- Improper disposal of human waste

Prevention Proper routine of foodand water

- Adequate food and water


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- Proper food handling

- Proper food disposal

- Proper daily routine, and disposal ofhuman waste

Treatment Drink plenty of water

- Do not miss meals



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Urinary Tract Related diseases(Infections, Pain, Stones)

- Due to inadequate intake of water

Prevention Adequate Intake of water

Treatment Drink plenty of fluids

- Quantity

- Report to doctor


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Other Conditions ?

Physically fit soldiers are less likely to

get sick or injured.


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Snake bite

Out of 2700 species 500 belong to three importantfamilies :-

1-Viperidae : vasculotoxic with long erectile fangs.

2- Elapidae :Neurotoxic with short fangs.

3- Hydrophidae : Myotoxic with short fangs & flat tail.


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Snake bite

Cellulitis of rt hand


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Snake bite

Blisters on the feet


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Snake bite

Case of extensive swelling and cellulitis


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Hematuria- blood in urine

Snake bite


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Case of muscle paralysis

Snake bite


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Snake Bite

Intrusion into snakes territory

moist, dark area, deep grass, behind logs

and wood Provocation

Prevention Personal Protective Measures

- Snake pits- Avoidance of areas of snake

dwellings

- Avoiding Provocation


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Snake Bite

Management Assessment

- Reassurance

- Minimal Movements- Use of tourniquet dangerous

- Do not kill the snake

- Do not bring the snake to the doctor- Fluids

- Immediately report to the doctor


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QUESTIONS?

THINK SAFETY!

camp sanitation & hygiene

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