CAMLESSELECTRONIC REGULATORYMODULE FOR A 4-S SINGLE

CYLINDER I C ENGINE

Introduction:

Camshafts:

A cylindrical rod consisting of cam profiles.

The rotation maintains the automation of the valves.

The motion is relative to that of the crankshaft.

This accounts to various mechanical and frictional losses.

Working Principle:

Two LDR sensors are used for the automation of both the valves

These are placed on both the sides of the flywheel to avoid malfunctioning of the valve.

The microcontroller receives the pulses from the LDR sensors alternately.

The microcontroller operates the electric linear actuator logically.

Electric Linear Actuator:

1) Motor 2) Limit and Torque Sensor 3) Gearing 4) Valve Attachment 5) Manual Operation 6)Actuator Controls 7)Electric Connections 8) Field Bus Connection.

Electric Linear Actuator:

These are used for the automation of valves.

Linear actuators are used for the reciprocatory motion.

These can be designed according to the required speed and torque.

They can be easily programmed on a microcontroller with the help of the field bus connection.

Microcontroller:

MCU on a computer-on-a-chip.

It is divided into three parts:ALUControl unitROM

It is used as a input/ output interface .

Does work at higher integration with larger volume of instructions

Wider application in automobiles, Analogue to Digital converters etc,.

Light Dependant Resistor:

LDR or a Photoresistor

These are either Intrinsic or Extrinsic

Detects light as resistance decreases with increase in incident light intensity

Most commonly made of Cadmium Sulphide Cells

Used in meters, clock radios, security alarms etc,.

Conclusion:

Internal friction is reduced greatly because there are fewer moving parts. At low speeds, about 25 percent of an engine's friction is caused by the valve train.

Horsepower, torque and fuel economy are improved because the crankshaft's power is driving only the wheels.

Emissions are reduced because the computer-controlled valve timing is infinitely variable. Each valve in each cylinder can be opened and closed independently, something not possible with a traditional engine.