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It so happened... (Supplementary Reader)

Grammar and Composition

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DELHI LOCAL OFFICES

© All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Any breach will entaillegal action and prosecution without further notice.

TECHNOVA PRINTERSC-57-58, Focal Point Extension, Jalandhar

Super RefresherSuper Refresher

Section A Reading

Section B Writing

Section C Grammar

Section D Literature

• Textbook

• Supplementary Reader

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MBDMBD

Super Refresher

All chapters as per

textbook

NCERT

Summary in English

Summary in Hindiand

provide a comprehensive

summary of the chapter

Highlights

important

information which

must be

remembered

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NCERT Textbook Exercises

with answers

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English

Variety of questions with answers under

in every chapterSummative Assessment

Creative questions under

in every chapter

Formative Assessment

Hots Corner/Value Based Questions

at the end of each chapter

Extract Based Questions

with answers in every chapter

CONTENTS

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SECTION-A (READING)

1 Comprehension of Unseen Passages 1–20

1 Short Composition

2 Long Composition

SECTION-B (WRITING)

SECTION-C (GRAMMAR)

2–24

25–48

1 Nouns 2–8

2 Pronouns 9–11

3 Adjectives 12–15

4 Adverbs 16–18

5 Articles 19–21

6 Verbs 22–33

7 Prepositions 34–36

8 Conjunctions 37–38

9 Interjections 39–40

10 Subject-Verb Agreement 41–42

11 Active and Passive Voice 43–46

12 Direct and Indirect Speech 47–50

13 Types of Sentences 51–52

14 Phrases and Clauses 53–54

15 Punctuations 55–58

16 Modals 59–62

17 Word Power 63–69

18 Integrated Grammar Exercises 70–72

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SECTION-D (LITERATURE)

Honeydew (Textbook) 1–205

It so happened... (Supplementary Reader) 207–328

1 The Best Christmas Present in the World 2

The Ant and the Cricket 21

2 The Tsunami 27

Geography Lesson 42

3 Glimpses of the Past 47

Macavity—The Mystery Cat 72

4 Bepin Choudhury's Lapse of Memory 78

The Last Bargain 98

5 The Summit Within 103

The School Boy 115

6 This is Jody's Fawn 121

The Duck and the Kangaroo 138

7 A Visit to Cambridge 145

When I set out for Lyonnesse 159

8 A Short Monsoon Diary 164

On the Grasshopper and Cricket 177

9 The Great Stone Face-I 182

10 The Great Stone Face-II 194

1 How the Camel got his Hump 208

2 Children at Work 216

3 The Selfish Giant 228

4 The Treasure Within 239

5 Princess September 251

6 The Fight 265

7 The Open Window 279

8 Jalebis 290

9 The Comet-I 304

10 The Comet-II 317

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A–READING

Comprehension of Unseen Passages

• Type I Passages

• Type II Passages

Comprehension ofUnseen Passages

TYPE I PASSAGES

Read the passages given below and answer the questions that follow.

(1)

Gir is one of oldest sanctuaries in India and it is famous for being home to the majestic Asiatic lion. It is the

only place in India where this animal is found. The sanctuary is spread over 1412 square kilometre of forest,

grasslands and rocky hills. Gir has about 400 lions and 300 leopards. Apart from lion and leopard, jungle cats,

desert cats and rusty-spotted cats are also found in the forest. Deer such as sambars and chitals, antelopes

such as blue bulls, four-horned antelopes, Indian gazelles and wild boars are found in abundance in Gir.

Jackals, striped hyenas, jungle cats and rusty-spotted cats, langurs, porcupines and black-naped hares are

among the other mammals found in Gir. Gir is home to over 300 species of birds, many of which can be seen

year-round.

Choose the correct option to complete each sentence.

1. Gir is most famous for ____________________________.

(a) being home to the majestic Asiatic lion

(b) being one of the oldest sanctuaries in India

(c) being one of the largest sanctuaries in India

(d) providing habitat to a wide variety of animals

2. Gir is especially important for Asiatic lions as ____________________________.

(a) it is the only place where they are found in large numbers

(b) it is the only place in India where they are found

(c) it is the place where they are found in the largest number

(d) it is a place where they can roam around freely

3. The sanctuary is spread over ______________ sq. km of forest.

(a) 1412 (b) 1542

(c) 1432 (d) 1324

4. Apart from lions and leopards, also found in the forest are other members of the cat family such as

____________________________.

(a) langurs, porcupines, black-naped hares

(b) antelopes, jackals and desert cats

(c) jungle cats, desert cats and rusty-spotted cats

(d) four-horned antelopes, Indian gazelles and wild boars

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Comprehension of Unseen Passages 3

5. The word in the passage which means ‘plenty’ is _____________.

(a) majestic (b) spotted

(c) mammal (d) abundance

Ans. 1 . (a) 2 . (b) 3 . (a) 4 . (c) 5 . (d)

(2)

The real way to distinguish a star from a planet is to see whether it twinkles or not. Stars twinkle, planets

don’t. Planets shine only because they get light from the sun. The light that we see coming from planets and

the moon is merely the sunshine on their surface. Stars are like the sun. They shine because they are very

hot and burning. In fact, the sun itself is a star. It looks bigger than other stars because it is much nearer. We

see it as a great ball of fire in the sky. We think the earth is very big. But although it seems so big, it is very

small compared to other things in the solar system it is a tiny speck of dust. The sun is millions of miles away

and other stars are even further away. That is why they look so small to us.

Choose the correct option

1. How can we distinguish a star from a planet?

(a) Planets twinkle, stars don’t. (b) Stars twinkle, planets don’t.

(c) Stars are farther than planets. (d) Planets are farther than stars.

2. What makes stars shine?

(a) Stars shine because they are very big.

(b) Stars shine because they get light from the moon.

(c) Stars shine because they are very hot and burning.

(d) Stars shine because we see them during the day.

3. What makes the moon shine?

(a) The light of the sun falling on it (b) The light of the earth falling on it

(c) The light of stars falling on it (d) The light of satellites falling on it

4. How big is the earth as compared to other things in the universe?

(a) It is a little smaller than the sun. (b) It is bigger than the sun.

(c) It is as big as the sun. (d) It is only a speck of dust.

5. The word ‘speck’ means a ___________.

(a) spot (b) star

(c) circle (d) none of the above

Ans. 1 . (b) 2 . (c) 3 . (a) 4 . (d) 5 . (a)

(3)

Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865) was president of the United States from 1861 to 1865. Once a very rich man

came to him with a case. Lincoln was then practising as a lawyer. This man wanted Lincoln to take a poor

neighbour to court for not paying back a small sum of two and a half dollars. The poor man had refused to pay

it, saying that he didn’t really owe it. Lincoln had an idea. He agreed to take up the case if he was paid ten dollars

in cash. The rich man readily paid him the cash. Lincoln at once went and gave the other man five dollars and

said, “Now go and pay two and a half dollars to that neighbour of yours and keep the remaining two and a half

dollars with you.” Both Lincoln and the poor man gained some money and the rich man was completely

satisfied.

CK

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MBD Super Refresher English-VIII4

Choose the correct option to answer each question.

1. Why did the rich man want to take his poor neighbour to court?

(a) For not paying back his money (b) For not giving back his car

(c) For stealing his money (d) None of the above

2. How much money did the rich man say the poor man owed to him?

(a) Three and a half dollars (b) Two and a half dollars

(c) Two dollars (d) Three dollars

3. Why had the poor man refused to repay the rich man’s money?

(a) Because he didn’t really owe it.

(b) Because he had no money with him.

(c) Because he had become greedy.

(d) Because he wanted to cheat the rich man.

4. On what condition did Lincoln agree to take up the rich man’s case?

(a) If the poor man paid him ten dollars.

(b) If the rich man paid him fifty dollars.

(c) If he was paid ten dollars in cash by the rich man.

(d) None of the above.

5. Which word in the passage is the synonym of ‘declined’?

(a) reacted (c) escaped

(b) satisfied (d) refused

Ans. 1 . (a) 2 . (b) 3 . (a) 4 . (c) 5 . (d)

(4)

Travelling is a pleasure. You get to see new places and get the feel of a new environment. But you should

take care that you make your travel trouble-free for others. While travelling, don’t start a conversation with

a co-passenger without first knowing his willingness to talk with you. Be eco-friendly-remember that the

place where you stand has been visited and has to be visited by thousands more. Carry a cloth bag for waste

on sightseeing trips-you can empty it later in a dustbin. If you want to enjoy the hospitality of friends or

relatives residing in the place you visit, inform them in advance. Be considerate towards your hosts and help

your host/hostess with household tasks. Go on sightseeing trips without troubling them to come to your

help and don’t expect your host to attend to your needs all the time.

Choose the correct option for each question.

1. Travelling gives us happiness because it gives us an opportunity _____________.

(a) to see hills (b) to see oceans

(c) to see new places (d) to enjoy better weather conditions

2. We should not bother our fellow passengers by _____________.

(a) talking needlessly (b) taking their reading material

(c) taking their sleeping space (d) not pulling their luggage out

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Comprehension of Unseen Passages 5

3. Being eco-friendly, in the passage, implies _____________.

(a) planting trees (b) not wasting things

(c) not littering the place (d) being kind to your hosts

4. One can be considerate towards one’s hosts by _____________.

(a) not visiting them (b) carrying plastic bags

(c) not talking with them (d) not expecting too much from them

5. The antonym of ‘considerate’ is _____________.

(a) disconsiderate (b) inconsiderate

(c) unconsiderate (d) non-considerate

Ans. 1 . (c) 2 . (a) 3 . (c) 4 . (d) 5 . (b)

(5)

Raghav is an early riser. His friend Mohan too gets up early and calls at his house at four. Then they go out for

a long walk. Soon they find themselves amidst sweet-smelling flowers and trees covered with green leaves.

A cool breeze refreshes them. Birds sing sweet notes. On their way, they meet farmers going to their fields

with bullocks. After half an hour, they reach the park near a canal. Some people are exercising there while

others are seen enjoying a dip in the cold water of the canal. They too take a bath as an early bath gives

energy to the body and mind.

Choose the correct option for each question.

1. Why does Mohan call at Raghav’s house in the morning?

(a) To go for their routine long walks

(b) To collect the morning newspaper

(c) To get ready for school

(d) To call him for a yoga class

2. What refreshes Mohan and Raghav?

(a) A cool breeze (b) Green trees

(c) The rising sun (d) People exercising in the park

3. How much time does it take them to reach the park?

(a) Two hours (b) One and a half hours

(c) Half an hour (d) An hour

4. What is the benefit of bathing early?

(a) It gives enjoyment to the body.

(b) It gives energy to the body and mind.

(c) It improves hunger.

(d) It provides nutrition to the body.

5. What is the meaning of ‘dip’?

(a) A slow swim (b) An extensive swim

(c) A brief swim (d) A long swim

Ans. 1 . (a) 2 . (a) 3 . (c) 4 . (b) 5 . (c)

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MBD Super Refresher English-VIII6

(6)

On festive days, there is a great rush a the bus stand. The police are on duty. They help in maintaining law and

order. Vendors and hawkers sell their wares. Cold drinks and tea are very costly at these stalls. It is great fun

to see passengers boarding a bus. The door of the bus disappears in the crowd. Passengers elbow one

another. Those who manage to get into the bus feel overjoyed at their heroic feat. By evening, the scene at

the bus stand begins to change. When the last bus leaves the bus stand, the place wears a deserted look. At

night, the passengers hardly stay at the bus stand.

Choose the correct option for each question.

1. Why are the police on duty at a bus stand on festive days?

(a) To charge people for tickets (b) To maintain law and order

(c) To help people (d) To check the bus drivers’ license

2. When does the door of the bus disappear?

(a) When policemen enter the bus.

(b) When there is a lot of luggage.

(c) When large number of passengers board the bus.

(d) When the door is closed.

3. When do passengers feel overjoyed?

(a) When they have managed to get on the bus. (b) When they see the policemen.

(c) When they have cold drink or tea. (d) When they get off the bus.

4. When does the bus stand wears a deserted look?

(a) When the hawkers leave. (b) When the last bus leaves.

(c) When the last driver leaves. (d) When the night falls.

5. Choose the correct antonym of the word ‘heroic’.

(a) brave (b) beautiful

(c) pleasant (d) cowardly

Ans. 1 . (b) 2 . (c) 3 . (a) 4 . (b) 5 . (d)

(7)

The ship is man's oldest and most important means of transportation. Today, thousands of ships cross

oceans, sail along sea coasts and ply on inland waterways. Trade between countries depends heavily on

ships. Several kinds of ships are used to carry goods and people. Giant tankers transport petroleum, vegetable

oil, wine and other liquids. Other vessels carry cargoes such as grain, ore and sand. Passenger liners carry

travellers across the oceans. Man's first 'ship' was probably a log that he used to cross a river. He probably

used his hands to paddle the log. Later, he learned to build rafts by tying logs together. By about 4000 B.C.,

Egyptians had learned to build long boats powered by a row of paddles. By about 3200 B.C., Egyptians had

invented sails and, they were able to use the power of the wind to propel their boats. The basic pattern for

ships became set with the invention of the sail.

Choose the correct option for each question.

1. The ship is the most important means of transportation since _____________.

(a) it carries goods and people (b) it is the fastest way of transport

(c) it does not use fuel (d) people prefer to travel by ship

MBD CBSE Super Refresher EnglishClass 8

Publisher : MBD GroupPublishers

Author : S Krishnan

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