By Noelia Villafañe

I must study

harder if I want to pass the

test

She must eat salad to lose some

weight I must help

my mum with the

housework

Students have to

wear uniforms in this school

He has to

put his seatbelt

Do you have to get your hair cut to

join the army?

People mustn’t drink alcohol if they are going

to drive

You mustn’t jump a red

light

You mustn’t park here

MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING

PROHIBITIONPROHIBITION

He doesn’t have to make his bed. His

mum does it for him

You don’t need o water the plants everyday. It is enough to do it every four days

YOU needn’t do the

washing up. Those plates

are clean.

MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING LACK OF OBLIGATIONLACK OF OBLIGATION

1. You ……………………… (mustn’t / don’t have to) drive a car if you don’t have a driving license. 2. They ………………….. (don’t have to/must) be quiet in class3. In France, you ………………… (have to /mustn’t ) drive on the right4. He …....… (doesn’t have to/must) pay for the tickets. They are free5. John……………………..(has to /mustn’t) wear a tie at work.6. People ………………….. (must /mustn’t ) their teeth after every meal if they want to prevent tooth decay7. You …………………..(mustn’t / don’t have to) wash the car. Mum did it early in the morning8. Students ……………(mustn’t / don’t have to) run along the corridor9. When you enter a new country, you …………………….(have to / don’t have to) show your passport

She likes studying Law. She may / might become a

lawyer some day

We could win the next match

MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING PROBABILITYPROBABILITY

I CAN see the beach from this window

They CAN’t get on the bus. It’s full

MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY AND ABILITYPOSSIBILITY AND ABILITY

He CAN play the guitar.

She CAN’t draw very well.

CAN birds fly?Yes, they can

When I went to nursery , I COULDN’T count up to 40.

He COULD run very fast when he was young

COULD you speak when you were one?

Yes, I couldNo, I couldn’t

I COULDN’T watch

TV yesterday

Future - WILL BE ABLE TO Present Perfect - HAVE/ HAS BEEN ABLE TOFuture - WILL BE ABLE TO Present Perfect - HAVE/ HAS BEEN ABLE TO

She HAS BEEN ABLE TO pass all her exams

I will BE ABLE TO reach the shelf when I

grow up

He will BE ABLE TO

improve his English

I HAVEN’T BEEN ABLE TO write the

letter

1. In the future we ____________ use robots to do the housework

a. could b. can c. will be able to

2. She ………………… come tomorrow (-) a. can’t b. won’t be able to c. couldn’t

3. A hundred years ago, we _________ send spaceships to other planets.

a. could b. couldn’t a. can

4. For three days, I haven’t ______________ speak to him on the phone

a. been able to b. could c. can

4. In the Bronze Age, families ______ go to the cinema or to a restaurant.

a. could b. couldn’t a. can

1. When my grandmother was young, she ……………. surf

the Internet, but she ……….. make beautiful pottery

jars and vases

2. After treatment he ………………. to return to work

3. The fire spread quickly but everyone …………… escape

4. Lora …………..play the violin very well now, but with

practice and effort, she ………. improve a lot.

5. She ……………………… lose weight with a new diet

6. He used to ……………………. climb mountains when he

was young.

7. I haven’t …………………………. sleep well recently

Can I borrow your

pencil?

Could I open the

window?

May I make a

suggestion?

MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING

PERMISSIONPERMISSIONCAN I….?CAN I….?

COULD I…?COULD I…?MAY I….?MAY I….?

You left your mobile phone at home. You want

to call your mother.

You have a terrible

headache. And your brother is

listening to music loudly

Your friend borrowed some money and he didn’t give it

back.

You’re a tourist in Rome. Ask somebody to

take a photo of you.

You’re feeling ill. You want to take

a day off from work

It’s cold and the fan is on

When we want to say that some things are permitted

or not (laws or rules), we use can(’t) or be (not)

allowed to.

You can/are allowed to drive a car in America if

you are 16. (That’s the law.)

I can’t/am not allowed to go to bed after 10,30

I was allowed to

play football last week

She won’t be allowed to go

out next weekend.

She’s punished.

I haven’t been

allowed to go to the

party

And how And how about about you?you?

And how And how about about you?you?

•watch late-night movies?•get a tattoo?•keep a pet at home?• spend hours on Internet?•go on holidays with friends?•wear what you want?•stay out until after twelve on Saturday night?

I’ve had no sleep for 22 hours – “You must be exhausted”.

“ It must be my mother “

He must be French

MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING LOGICAL DEDUCTION/LOGICAL DEDUCTION/

CERTAINTYCERTAINTY

Peter can’t be from Rome. He doesn’t speak Italian

A: There’s someone at the door. I think it’s Bill. B. It can’t be Bill. He’s on holidays

Pam is only in her forties. She can’t be retired

1. Nobody’s answering and there are no lights. They ______ (can’t/must) be out

2. Don’t be long. The bus ____________ (can’t/may) be here any minute

3. He’s been working 12 hours a day. He ____ (must/could) be exhausted

4. Take jacket! It ________________ ( must / might) be cold later.

5. Dad is late for lunch. He _________ (could / can’t) be caught in traffic.

6. She _________ (can’t/could) owe you money. She’s very rich7. The teacher ________ (could / can’t) punish you if you use

your mobile

8. I _________ (can’t/might) go to Lisbon next August but I’m not sure yet.

9. Tomorrow’s test _______ (can’t/might) be quite easy. You never know

10.He _______ (could/can’t) be Spanish, judging by his accent

11.We ____________( might / can’t) get married in August but we are not sure yet

12.My parents _______ (may/must) be away for the weekend but I’m not sure

13.Marta is really beautiful. She ________(might /can’t ) become a model.

14.Dad ______( must/might) lend you the car if you ask him.15.A heavy smoker ______( could / can’t) stop smoking if he

has enough determination

You SHOULD / OUGHT TO take an umbrella. It might rain

She SHOULDN’T / OUGHT NOT TO eat too much chocolate SHOULD he visit

the doctor?

MODAL VERBS EXPRESSINGMODAL VERBS EXPRESSINGADVICEADVICE

I’d better go to bed. I have a meeting first thing in the morning

You’d better hurry up or you’ll miss the bus.

He doesn’t look well. He’d better not go to work tomorrow

Thank you for your attention!