Mary Sue Rutledge

By Mary Sue Rutledge

Mary Sue Rutledge

Prehistoric PeoplePrehistoric People

Prehistory- History before the Prehistory- History before the developing of writing.developing of writing.

Prehistoric Ages are divided by Prehistoric Ages are divided by the way people got their food.the way people got their food.

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PALEOLITHIC AGEPALEOLITHIC AGEHunters and GatherersHunters and Gatherers

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Paleolithic AgePaleolithic AgeToolsTools

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Paleolithic AgePaleolithic AgeFireFire

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Paleolithic AgePaleolithic Age

NeanderthalNeanderthal

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Paleolithic AgePaleolithic AgeCro-MagnonCro-Magnon

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NEOLITHIC AGENEOLITHIC AGEAge of FarmingAge of Farming

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Neolithic AgeNeolithic AgeDomesticated of Animals.Domesticated of Animals.

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Neolithic AgeNeolithic Age

Formed Communities – Government - Formed Communities – Government - ReligionsReligions

Specialization (Jobs)Specialization (Jobs)

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RIVER VALLEYRIVER VALLEYCIVILIZATIONSCIVILIZATIONS

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MESOPOTAMIAMESOPOTAMIA“Cradle of Civilization”“Cradle of Civilization””

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers - Tigris and Euphrates Rivers - Modern Day Modern Day IraqIraq

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Mesopotamia ContributionsMesopotamia Contributions WritingWriting Hammurabi Code Hammurabi Code

of Lawof Law

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Mesopotamia Mesopotamia Contributions.Contributions.

• Plow and WheelPlow and Wheel

• 12 Month Calendar 12 Month Calendar

based on Moon Cyclebased on Moon Cycle

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Mesopotamia ContributionsMesopotamia ContributionsPriest-Kings and ZigguratPriest-Kings and Ziggurat

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Mesopotamia ContributionsMesopotamia ContributionsNumber System Based on 60Number System Based on 60

60 seconds - Minute60 seconds - Minute

60 minutes – Hour60 minutes – Hour

360º - Circle360º - Circle

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EGYPTEGYPTNile RiverNile River

Modern Day EgyptModern Day Egypt

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Egypt ContributionsEgypt Contributions

Pharaoh - KingPharaoh - King

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Egypt ContributionsEgypt Contributions

Papyrus and InkPapyrus and Ink

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Egypt ContributionsEgypt ContributionsMathematic Fractions & Whole Numbers

Geometry – SurveyingGeometry – Surveying

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Egypt ContributionsEgypt ContributionsMedicine – Dentists, eye doctors, Medicine – Dentists, eye doctors,

specialists,specialists,

surgeons, splints, bandages, & surgeons, splints, bandages, & compresses.compresses.

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Egypt ContributionsEgypt ContributionsEmbalmingEmbalming

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Egypt ContributionsEgypt ContributionsEgyptians’ life on Earth was in preparation for the After Life.

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INDUS RIVER VALLEYINDUS RIVER VALLEYIndus RiverIndus River

Modern Day – Pakistan and IndiaModern Day – Pakistan and India

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Indus River Valley Indus River Valley First to grow cotton and make into First to grow cotton and make into

cloth.cloth.

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Huang Ho ValleyHuang Ho ValleyHuang Ho River (Yellow RiverHuang Ho River (Yellow River)

Modern Day China

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Huang Ho Valley ContributionsHuang Ho Valley ContributionsDynasty- Ruling FamilyDynasty- Ruling Family

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Huang Ho Valley ContributionsHuang Ho Valley ContributionsBadge of RankBadge of Rank

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Huang Ho Valley ContributionsHuang Ho Valley ContributionsSILKSILK

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Huang Ho Valley ContributionsHuang Ho Valley Contributions

Ancient Silk RoutesAncient Silk Routes

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ANCIENT GREECEANCIENT GREECE

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GreeceGreece• City-States (Polis)- City and surrounding farm City-States (Polis)- City and surrounding farm

land.land.

SpartaSparta AthensAthens

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GreeceGreeceCity-States shared common language, City-States shared common language,

customs, and beliefs. But customs, and beliefs. But communities were separated by communities were separated by

mountains and seamountains and sea.

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GreeceGreeceGovernment System – Direct Government System – Direct

DemocracyDemocracyAll citizens participate in government decisions All citizens participate in government decisions

directly.directly.

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GreeceGreece

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GreeceGreeceGodsGods

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GreeceGreeceOlympicOlympics

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GreeceGreeceArchitectureure

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GreeceGreecePeople

Plato – Political ScienceSocrates – Socratic Method of

QuestioningHippocrates – Father of Medicine

Herodotus – Father of History

Scientific Method – Hypothesis

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GreeceGreeceTheaterTheater

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GreeceGreeceSeven Ancient WondersSeven Ancient Wonders

1. Pyramids at Giza 2. Colossus of Rhodes 3. Lighthouse of 1. Pyramids at Giza 2. Colossus of Rhodes 3. Lighthouse of AlexandraAlexandra

4. Statue of Zeus at Olympia 5. Temple of Artemis4. Statue of Zeus at Olympia 5. Temple of Artemis

6. Mausoleum of Halicarnassus6. Mausoleum of Halicarnassus

7. Hanging Gardens of Babylon7. Hanging Gardens of Babylon

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RomansRomansBegan in modern-day country of Italy

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RomansRomansRepublic – Representative DemocracyRepublic – Representative Democracy

Romans elected representatives to represent them at Romans elected representatives to represent them at government assemblies.government assemblies.

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RomansRomansArchitectureArchitecture

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RomansRomans

The Arch

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RomansRomansRoads

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Romans - GladiatorsRomans - Gladiators

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RomansRomansRoman Gods same as Greek Gods but Roman Gods same as Greek Gods but

renamedrenamed

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RomansRomansCross appears to Roman Emperor Constantine I Cross appears to Roman Emperor Constantine I

before an important battle. He won and before an important battle. He won and converted to Christianity in 306 CE.converted to Christianity in 306 CE.

Christianity was proclaimed the official religion Christianity was proclaimed the official religion of Rome in 380 CE by Theodosius Iof Rome in 380 CE by Theodosius I

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MIDDLE AGESMIDDLE AGES

The period from the Fall The period from the Fall of the Roman Empire in of the Roman Empire in the West (Europe) to the the West (Europe) to the

beginning of modern beginning of modern times.times.

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Early Middle AgeEarly Middle AgeSome historians call this period the Some historians call this period the

“Dark Ages” because civilization “Dark Ages” because civilization declined after the invasion by the declined after the invasion by the Germanic Tribes into the western Germanic Tribes into the western

part of the Rome Empire.part of the Rome Empire.

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Early Middle AgeEarly Middle AgePeople after the Roman People after the Roman

EmpireEmpire

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Middle-Middle AgeMiddle-Middle Age

Emergence of New EmpiresEmergence of New Empires

• The Byzantine Empire – Eastern The Byzantine Empire – Eastern EuropeEurope

• The Spread of Islam – Middle EastThe Spread of Islam – Middle East• The Eastern Slavs – Northern Asia.The Eastern Slavs – Northern Asia.

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Byzantine EmpireEastern Part of the Roman Empire

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Islam – Middle EastIslam – Middle East

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The Eastern SlavsThe Eastern Slavs The Eastern Slavs were by far the largest of the three

groups of Slavic peoples. The Eastern Slavs lived in the regions north of the Black Sea. Descendants of the Eastern Slavs today inhabit the nations of Ukraine, Russia, as well as many smaller nations in the region

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Late Middle AgeLate Middle Age

Why Feudalism?•After Viking Attacks, western

Europe wanted security and protection.

•THERE WAS NO CENTRAL GOVERNMENT.

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Late Middle AgesLate Middle AgesWhy Feudalism?Why Feudalism?

Power was with the Power was with the noble or lords.noble or lords.

To protect their To protect their property, nobles raised property, nobles raised their own armies.their own armies.

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Late Middle AgeLate Middle AgeGroups of FeudalismGroups of Feudalism

Clergy – teach Christianity and help the poor and Clergy – teach Christianity and help the poor and

sicksick..

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Late Middle AgeLate Middle AgeGroups of FeudalismGroups of Feudalism

Nobles or Lords – governed, enforced laws, and protected the people.

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Late Middle AgeLate Middle AgeGroups of FeudalismGroups of Feudalism

Peasants and townspeople- Supported Peasants and townspeople- Supported the other two groups by farming the the other two groups by farming the

land and providing services.land and providing services.

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Late Middle AgeLate Middle AgeFeudalismFeudalism

Nobles would give vassals (knights) Nobles would give vassals (knights) land in exchange for loyalty and land in exchange for loyalty and

military service.military service.

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Late Middle AgeLate Middle AgeRoman Catholic Church was the Roman Catholic Church was the

center of life in Europe.center of life in Europe.

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Late Middle AgeLate Middle AgeCrusades- military campaigns between Crusades- military campaigns between

the Christians and the Muslims.the Christians and the Muslims.

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Late Middle AgesLate Middle AgesCrusadesCrusades

In 1076, Muslims captured Jerusalem, Holy City to In 1076, Muslims captured Jerusalem, Holy City to Christians. Dome of the Rock, Muslim holy shrine, also Christians. Dome of the Rock, Muslim holy shrine, also located in Jerusalem. Muhammad was to have sat and located in Jerusalem. Muhammad was to have sat and

prayed on this rock.prayed on this rock.

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Holy CrusadesHoly Crusades

• The First Crusade : 1096 to 1099The First Crusade : 1096 to 1099• The Second Crusade : 1147 to 1149.The Second Crusade : 1147 to 1149.• The Third Crusade : 1189 to 1192The Third Crusade : 1189 to 1192• The Fourth Crusade : 1201 to 1204The Fourth Crusade : 1201 to 1204• The Fifth Crusade : 1218 to 1221The Fifth Crusade : 1218 to 1221• The Sixth Crusade : 1228 to 1229The Sixth Crusade : 1228 to 1229• The Seventh Crusade : 1248 to 1254The Seventh Crusade : 1248 to 1254• The Eighth Crusade : 1270 The Eighth Crusade : 1270

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RENAISSANCERENAISSANCE Period Period

“ “Rebirth”Rebirth”• Began in Italy around 1300 CE• New interest in the classical writings of the Greeks and the Romans.