By: Justynne Stenner

&

Sally Matthews

Carbohydrates• body breaks it down into simple sugars • major source of energy for the body • two major types:

– simple – complex

• simple carbohydrates found in refined sugars

• complex carbohydrates include grain, crackers, pasta, rice

Fibre• good for bowels • can lower blood cholesterol • clean intestines • fruits, vegetables, and whole grains• 2 kinds of fibre:

– soluble – insoluble

Water• without water, body would stop

working properly • makes up half of your body weight • water also called “lymph”• need water to digest food • each cell needs water to function

normally

Fats• component in food • nuts, oils, butter, and meats like beef • important part of a healthy diet• helps brain and nervous system develop

correctly • main trans fats:

– unsaturated– saturated

• fuel body and help absorb some vitamins

Protein

• many foods contain protein • builds up, maintains, replaces tissues

in body • used to make protein molecules • used to build cardiac muscle• protein from vegetables and animal

sources

Simple and ComplexCarbohydrates

• simple carbohydrates:• also called simple sugars• found in refined sugars• complex carbohydrates• also called starches• bread, crackers, pasta, and rice • gives you energy

Fibre• cleans out intestines• helps your digestive system work

well • helps you feel full • good for you• very important too eat daily• found in plants

Vitamin A

• improves vision for colours and night vision

• helps you grow • gives you healthier skin• in Carrots, spinach & sweet potatoes

• helps make energy and releases it• helps make red blood cells• in whole grains, seafood, meats, dairy, etc.

The B Vitamins

Vitamin C• keeps body tissues in good shape

– gums– muscles

• helps cuts or wounds heal & resists infection• citrus fruits

• needed for strong bones• forms strong teeth• helps absorbs calcium• milk, fish, egg yolks, and liver etc.

Vitamin D

Vitamin E• maintains body tissues

– eyes – skin – liver

• protects lungs from polluted air• important for the formation of blood

cells• whole grains, leafy green vegetables,

egg yolks

Calcium• helps nerve function, muscle contraction, blood

clotting• creates healthy and strong bones and teeth• milk, cheese, yogurt• leafy green vegetables, canned salmon, &

orange juice

• essential for the transfer of oxygen (from your lungs to the rest of you body)

• helps in formatting red blood cells• in nuts, eggs, green leafy vegetables, meat

Iron

Magnesium

• helps for the functioning of muscle & nervous tissue

• essential for healthy bones• in eggs, fish, milk, nuts

• found in – red blood cells– blood plasma

• to make connective tissue in the body• which is needed for

– strong blood vessels – cartilage and bones

• copper is mined throughout the world

Copper

Sodium

• controls the volume of fluid in body• maintains the acid balance in body• controls the functions of the

– muscles – nerve tissues

• most food has sodium in it especially – fish – nuts

Vitamin K• heals cuts• creates clotting:

– to prevent infection– stop bleeding

• leafy green vegetables, dairy products, broccoli

Bibliography• http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/fat.html• http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html • http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/carb.html• http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/water.html• http://kidshealth.org/kid/word/f/word_fiber.html• http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/humanbody-science/minerals.p

hp