By Ju HaiyanZhangjiagang Foreign Language School

Grammar

Where is ?

Where has he gone?

has gone to the teachers’ office/ the playground/ the toilet….

Is here? Has he come back?

We use _______________ to express( 表达 ) the idea that someone went to some place and is still there.

Work out the rule:

have (has) gone

Where did go?

Where has he been?

He went to the toilet.

He has been to the toilet.

He has been in the toilet for five minutes.

Is here? Has he come back?

Work out the rule:

We use _______________ to express( 表达 ) the idea that someone went to some place and has already come back.

have (has) been

have been 和 have gone 都表示现在完成时态，表明动作已经发生了。have been to 表示去过某个地方并且已经回来。have been in 表示在某处待了一段时间 ,常与 for 连用 .have gone 表示去了某个地方但尚未回来。

1. 我叔叔去过美国两次了。My uncle ____________ America twice. 2. — 尼克在哪？ — 他去图书馆了。— Where is Nick?— He _________ to the library.3. 格林先生在中国待了两年了 . Mr. Green __________ China ____ two years.

has been to

has gone

has been in

for

Exercise A:

Millie in ThailandDaniel is asking Millie about travelling.

Complete their conversation. Use the

correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

D: (1)_____ you ever ____(be) to Singapore( 新加坡 ) , Millie?M: No, but I (2)_________(be) to Thailand with my parents.D: Oh, that’s great! (3)_____ you ______(visit) the famous Grand Palace( 大王宫 ) in Bangkok( 曼谷 ) ? M: Yes, we (4)_________ (be) to the Grand Palace. It was wonderful! Look at the photos.D: Wow! The palace is really wonderful, and you look great in the photos. Have you visited any other interesting places?

Have been

have been

Have visited

have been

M: We (5)_________(be) to the Pattaya Beach( 芭堤雅海滩 ) . Look at this one. Isn’t it beautiful?D: Yes, the beach is very beautiful. I see Andy was there, too.M: Yes. We (6)_________(go) there with his family. D: Really? I (7)___________(not see) him for some time. It seems he (8)___________(not come) back yet.M: He and his family (9)_________(go) to Shanghai to visit his grandparents. They will come back tomorrow morning.

have been

went

haven’t seenhasn’t come

have gone

Are they true about ?

1. He went to the toilet fifteen minutes ago.

2. He has gone to the toilet for five minutes.

3. He has been in the toilet for five minutes.

4. He has been in our school since 2007.

短暂性动词不能和 for+ 一段时间连用

短暂性动词与一段时间 +ago 常用于一般过去时

延续性动词

延续性动词和 for,since 连用于现在完成时态中go/come—have(has) been (in a continuous state

延续性状态 )

The rabbit went into the room at nine o’clock.

go/come- 短暂性动词 ,不能延续一段时间

have/has been in – 表示一种延续性的状态

▲ ▲9:00 - go into the room 9:30 - in the room

It has been in the room for 30minutes.

1. Kitty has left Beijing for two days.

2. Kitty left Beijing two days ago.

3. Kitty has been away from Beijing for two

days.

4. Kitty has bought her purse since last year.

5. Kitty bought her purse a year ago.

6. Kitty has had he purse for a year.

leave( 短暂性动词 ); have/has been away( 用于延续性状态中 ,表是离开一段时间 )

buy( 短暂性动词 ); have/has had( 用于延续性状态中 ,表示拥有某样东西一段时间 )

Verbs with ‘for’, ‘since’ or ‘ago’Some verbs, such us ‘come’, ‘go’ and ‘leave’, cannot be used with continuous time adverbials, such as ‘for two hours’ or ‘since last months’. To talk about an action that happened at a point in the past, we will have to use ‘ago’ and the simple past tense.

在现在完成时中 ,延续性动词和 for,since 引导的一段时间连用 ,表示从过去某一时间开始并一直延续到现在的情况 ;在一般过去时中 ,短暂性动词和ago 连用 ,表示在过去某一具体时间发生的动作 ,与现在没有什么关系 .

If we want to express a continuous state( 延续性的状态 ), we can use another way like this:

He bought this motorcycle two years ago.

He has bought this motorcycle for two years.

buy — have(has) had

短暂性动词

had

延续性动词

join — have(has) been in/ a member ofYao Ming _________ the Houston Rockets ( 休斯顿火箭队 )in 2002.

Yao Ming _____________ the Houston Rockets since 2002.

joined

has been in

get married — have(has) been married

Yao Ming and Ye Li ______________ two years ago.

They _________________ since two years ago.

got married

have been married

Verb Used for a continuous state

arrive have(has) been in/at

die have(has) dead

begin/ start have(has) been on

stop have(has) been over

1. 他待在香港两周了。

He _____ _____ _____ Hongkong for two weeks.

2. 这只狗死了一小时了。

The dog _____ ______ _____ for an hour.

3. 我们上课 30 分钟了。

Our class _____ ______ ______ for 30minutes.

4. 会议自从上周一就结束了。

The meeting _____ _____ _____ since last Monday..

has been in

has been dead

has been on

has been over

Verbs Used for a continuous state Example

buy

borrow

arrive

leave

join

die

get

come/go

begin/start

stop

A telephone call

Exercise B:

Millie and Sandy are talking on the

phone. Complete their conversation.

Use the correct forms of the verbs in

brackets.

M: Hello, Sandy. This is Millie. What are you doing now?S: I’m watching an interesting TV programme. It (1)________(start) at 7 p.m. and (2)________(be) on for half an hour. What are you doing?M: Well, I’m reading Kitty’s letter from Hong Kong.S: Kitty has written a letter! When (3)____ you _______(receive) her letter?Millie: I (4)________ (have) her letter for five days. I (5)____________(receive) it last Sunday. Now I’m reading it again.Sandy: She must be very happy now.

started has been

didreceive

have hadreceived

M: Yes, I think so. Sandy, do you want to go to the shopping mall with me tomorrow? I (6)___________ (stay) at home for a week!S: That sounds great. I’m going to buy a gift for my parents. This Sunday is an important day for them. They (7)____________________(get married) for fifteen years. M: Do you mean they will celebrate their fifteen years of marriage this Sunday?S: Yes. M: My parents (8)_________________ (get married) fifteen years ago too.S: Really? Maybe you should buy your parents a gift too. Let’s meet at the shopping mall at ten tomorro morning. See you then. M: OK. Bye.

have stayed

have been married

got married

Bye!

Thank you!