2

By Joon Kim (Yonsei University, Korea), Akira Miyata (NIAES, Japan) and Guirui Yu (IGSNRR/CAS, China)

3

Prof. Richard A. Anthes suggested that the modern-day equivalents of the

“Four Horsemen” of the Apocalypse are:

Prof. Richard A. Anthes, President of Univ. Corp. for Atmospheric Research: “The Global Trajectory”, 1993. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 74, No. 6. pp 1121-1130

1) Overpopulation, 2) Unsustainable economic development, 3) Poverty, 4) Environmental degradation

4

Obstacles causing un-sustainability (Gallopin, 2002):

The lack of understanding of the behavior of complex Social-Ecological Systems (SESs),

The lack of sufficient capacity to perform the actions and changes needed,

The lack of political willingness to implement changes.

“Fifth discipline” approach

5

The use of environment and resources to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (WCED, 1987).

A cultural adaptation made by society as it becomes aware of the emerging necessity of non-growth (Daly, 1993).

A process that is farseeing enough, flexible enough, wise enough not to undermine social-ecological systems of support (Meadows et al., 2004).

“The possibility and the destiny that nature and humans will prosper together forever” (Kim and Oki, 2010).

It is not an end “PRODUCT” but a dynamic “PROCESS” that requires building resilience and an ability to manage it wisely with a clear vision.

6

Treats biophysical, social, and economic elements of a community/region as components of social-ecological systems (SES).

Emphasizes (1) the capacity of a SES to continue delivering SERVICES to people, (2) the trade-offs associated with being in different regimes (i.e., the possibility of alternate system regimes & the thresholds between them).

7

It's an Engineering of a Clear Vision

Vision: Latin “videre” (to see) – the ability to see, discern, and focus.

Engineering: Skillful direction and creative application of experiences and scientific principles to develop process, structure, or product.

8

ASIAFLUX mission: “.. to closely and constantly keep Asia's key ecosystems under careful,

protective observation and perception, thereby gaining information that can be synthetised into a narrative, which will provide feedback for a community to learn how to adapt successfully toward sustainability”.

Vis

ion

9

10

Located on the South Eastern part of the Arabian peninsula

UAE is a federation comprising 7 states, Abu Dhabi is the largest Emirate occupying nearly 80% of the total area

Abu Dhabi’s population is over 1.6 million and population is growing at a rate of 4.7%

11

Hot and dry tropical arid climate

Ground water is the only source of fresh water and for a desert biome, has a surprisingly diverse flora and fauna

Emirate has over 800 plants, 43 mammals, 53 reptiles, over 430 birds and scores of marine organisms

12

In the past 4 decades it has grown from a traditional to now a globalized economy.

Grazing, fishing and pearling were the basis of economy before export of oil in 1968, since then oil has been the major source of economic wealth.

Today, a much diversified economy exists, Emirate has opened to investments, tourism etc.

13

Abu Dhabi Policy Agenda – underlying principle of Abu Dhabi’s growth geared towards sustainable development.

Sustainable development has been mainstreamed in to Government’s strategic action plans across all departments since 2007‐2008 strategic planning process.

Further future Abu Dhabi vision 2030 also outlines the need to ensure environmental sustainability while promoting balanced economic growth.

14

Premier Government entity for ensuring environmental sustainability in the Emirate.

Increasing society’s level of awareness is one of the stated priorities for the Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi, in its mission to protect and conserve the environment for the people’s well being and a better life for all.

Each year the Agency undertakes a detailed survey to measure society’s level of awareness to report to the Abu Dhabi Executive council as increasing level of awareness is also one of the Executive council’s expected outcomes.

The Agency undertakes several educational and awareness initiatives to raise level of awareness in the society.

15

Environment educators forum

Classroom interactive modules

and field ecology trips

Enviro-spellathon

Formal training of

trainers

Focused awareness

24

By Miki Yoshizumi, Assistant Professor Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

25

Asia Platform Education and Research

Cooperation on Environment and Disaster Management for Human

Security in Asia Objectives To address issues on

environment, development and natural disaster through

innovative research, education programs, international

exchange and implementation activities

Target Areas Central Vietnam (Thua Thien Hue province) Hanoi and Danang, urban area Laos and Cambodia Future dissemination in the Mekong region and other parts of Asia

Example based on Graduate School of Global Environmental

Studies, Kyoto University:

26

27

Research

Education Implementation

Joint research programs with VN Academy of Science & Technology Hue Univ. of Agriculture and Forestry Danang Univ. of Technology

Field study in undergraduate course Internship program in master’s course

Partnership programs and fund projects

Synergy

28

29

When we do eco-action, we can get eco-stamps

Eco-Actions

「学校で」 ＋

「地域で」 ＋

「お店で」

At school +

At community +

At shop

Authorize Earth Ranger

When we collect 10 stamps, then send to a secretary and...

30

Promoting children’s awareness through Eco-stamps.

Supporting willingness among children with encouragement from adult supporters.

Nurturing environmental consciousness in the community by supporting children’s environmental learning.

Connecting the activities of schools, communities and families through the Eco-Card.

31

32

University of Portland (UP) was founded in 1901

It is a 3,500 student independent private Catholic University, with a College of Arts and Sciences, and Schools of Engineering, Business Administration, Nursing, and Education

Fr. E. William Beauchamp, C.S.C. President of the University

33

Sustainability efforts at UP are being worked on by a constellation of people, colleagues on the faculty, physical plant staff and students

With students, university staff, faculty, and administration becoming involved, the University began to transform how it does things – institutional change has begun

Tasks for sustainable development:

promote social and ecological responsibility,

conserve energy and establish integrated alternative energy sources,

integrate transportation needs with ecosystem requirements.

34

Energy savings Reduced construction waste Recycled Materials Reduced VOCs

Swindells Hall: An example of optimized energy performance.

The annual energy use of Swindells Hall is 50% less than

that allowed by the Oregon energy code.

LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

35

LEED consists of a suite of rating systems for the design, construction and operation

of high performance green buildings, homes and neighborhoods.

Developed by the US Green Building Council (USGBC), LEED is intended to provide

building owners and operators a concise framework for identifying and implementing

practical and measurable green building design, construction, operations and

maintenance solutions.

Since its inception in 1998, the U.S. Green Building Council has grown to

encompass more than 7,000 projects in the United States and 30 countries, covering

over 1.501 billion square feet (140 km²) of development area. The hallmark of LEED

is that it is an open and transparent process where the technical criteria proposed by

USGBC members are publicly reviewed for approval by the almost 20,000 member

organizations that currently constitute the USGBC.

Taipei 101, the tallest and largest green building of LEED Platinum certification in the world since 2011.

Abad Nucleus Mall at Maradu,

India is India's first LEED certified

gold rated green mall.

36

Light Sweep Controls: Programmable lighting control system to automatically turn building lights off based

on pre‐defined schedule.

Day-lighting & Occupancy Sensors: When a room is vacant past the pre‐set

time delay, the lights will go off.

37

Indirect Evaporative Cooler: Lab buildings require large amounts of outside air; pre‐cooling substantially reduces the amount of mechanical refrigeration

required.

Exhaust Controls & Fume Hood: Two‐step exhaust control system vs Variable Air

Volume (VAV) controls allow a reduction in exhaust volume when a person is not

present in front of the hood.

38

Interior Finishes: Carpet, gypsum, board, ceramic tiles that are 75%

recycled windshield glass; countertops with recycled glass

content

Low VOC Emitting Materials & Certified Wood:

Green Substrates (formaldehyde‐free fiberboard), Green veneers from managed forests to be applied over substrates, Low VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) adhesives at both sheet vinyl/rubber flooring or carpeted areas, Zero VOC paint.

40

41

Prof. Dr. Petra Lindemann-Matthies and FSR Dorothee Benkowitz, University of Education, Karlsruhe (Germany)

International Year of Biodiversity

42

Widely inaccurate ideas of number of species (“many“).

Assumption: Loss of biodiversity might not be perceived as a serious problem.

Mean estimation 381 Mill. ± 1.3 x 109

Estimates of 600 university students

Actual number 1 – 50 Mill.

Factor overestimation > 7.6

Dunning, 1997. The missing awareness, part 2: teaching students what a billion people looks like. Conservation Biology 11

43

Conceptions of the number of species present.

Awareness of the seriousness of the threat of extinction.

Knowledge about species.

Relationship with species.

“Without knowledge of and relationships with the fellow beings who share our home

place, we simply do not notice what happens to them”.

Weilbacher, 1993. Renaissance of the naturalist. The Journal of Environmental Education 25

44

Test: 109 children from the UK (age 4-11 years)

78 % recognized 53 % recognized

Balmford et al., 2002. Why conservationists should heed Pokémon. Science 295

Result:

45

Knowledge of local organisms is poor.

Children can remember species / species names.

80 % of the 150 artificial “species” correctly identified.

Balmford et al., 2002. Why conservationists should heed Pokémon. Science 295

Complicated names of “species” were remembered.

Producers of pokemons know much better than the educational system how to raise interest in “species“.

46

“The almost total ignorance about the most common plants and animals, especially

among the ladies, would be ridiculous if it were not so annoying“.

Guenther, 1910. Der Naturschutz. Freibung i.

Br.: Fehsenfeld

47

Increasing loss of ‘wild‘ habitats for outdoor play and nature investigation activities (Louv, 2006).

Increasing parental concern: traffic danger, violence (Hüttenmoser, 1996; Valentine & McKendrick, 1997; Prezza et al., 2005; Robertson, 2006).

Increasing TV-, video consumption; children spend more time in the house than outside (McKendrick et al., 2000; Aitken, 2001).

Decrease of nature-related activities and fieldwork in school (Barker et al., 2002).

USA: Children watch more than 4 hours daily TV and spend less than 1

hour outside (Orr, 2002).

48

Attractive plants: Plants with large, bright-coloured flowers or leaves, Japanese Maple (Acer palmatum) favourite garden tree, Genetic predisposition:

Colour might have signalled “ripe fruits“.

49

Manipulative experiments

Field studies

Photo surveys

Survey in private gardens

50

Top 5 in Switzerland in view of 6700 children

Lindemann-Matthies, 2005. ‘Loveable’ mammals and ‘lifeless’ plants. International Journal of Science Education 27

Attractiveness of an organism has been found

to be the main reason for children and adults to

protect a species!

51

Aim: increase perception of local wild plant and animal species,

outdoor investigation activities,

experience nature with all senses.

52

Michael Wadleigh, movie director and cinematographer (USA)

53

To analyze the problems of the future, and the decisions required for solutions,

here is the first of several science thought experiments: > let us suppose......

54

that all the land of planet earth...

55

... is put together by the types of land – and here

they are, in an 11,000 kilometer square...

The most important areas for humans are 19% crops and grazing, 24% forest, 2.5% fresh water – and the whole

atomic table of elements, the natural Resources. Now if all these land types are divided

equally...

56

Each of 6.8 billion humans gets equal land How much land would each human get?

57

Each of us would get 3 football fields of land, that’s 140 by 140 meters total. Our fair share is not very much.

Here is why:

First, out of just 30 by 140 meters of crop land, grazing land and fresh

water each of us must get all of our food, all of our water. Then...

Out of our 140x140 meters of land we must get ALL the natural Resources required to

make ALL our Products, including our House and everything in it; all our Transport, our

bicycle, our automobile and its fuel...

The question is, is it already too late for fairness? The global “goodlife”: everyone wants it, but with so few

resources can everyone have it? - And for Homo Sapiens, what indeed is the “goodlife”? 58

59

Nearly all the Product making increase of the last 230 years happened in just the last 60 years. > Each of the last 3 generations has double the Products their parents had - - but significantly, studies show their happiness has NOT doubled (more later). > So, in the last 60 years Product making and Resource degradation exploded from 30 units to 220 units - > now the future...

last 230 years: product/degradation increase >

60

61