bundling and unbundling of functions 1 naomi radke, seecon international gmbh

Bundling and Unbundling of Functions


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Naomi Radke, seecon international GmbH


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Contents

1. Why to Bundle and Unbundle Functions

2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Function2.1 Make a Stakeholder Analysis2.2 Create a Stakeholder Platform2.3 Identify Actual Functions2.4 Identify Actors’ Capacities2.5 Propose Future Functions2.6 Implementation

3. Applicability

4. Advantages and Disadvantages

5. References

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Bundle and unbundle functions

= A clear definition of roles and responsibilities within organisations/institutions

• Crucial for implementation of SSWM on the local level• Decreases overlapping of roles and therefore increases

project efficiency• Conflicts might appear between different stakeholders

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Who does what?

• Separation between public and private functions

• Relationship between central and local governments

• Allocation of functions among municipalities with different capacities

• Function of civil society and private sector

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Too many cooks spoil the broth, if their functions and responsibilities are not clearly defined. Source: WSP (2009)



1. Make a stakeholder analysis (1/3)

Identify (key)stakeholders whose:

•Interests are affected by an issue or project

•Activities strongly affect an issue or project

•Power, money, technical expertise or organisational profile gives control over relevant implementation instruments

•Information, resources, experience or expertise is required for strategy or policy-making on an issue

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2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions




Three broad groupings need to be involved in water and sanitation:

1.Main social groups (men, women, poorer, better-off) who have the right to water and sanitation

2.Main water-user groups (farmers, domestic and industrial users, etc.)

3.Main institutional stakeholders (private sector water and sanitation providers, local NGO’s/CBO’s, local governments and politicians, legal representatives and enforcement bodies)

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Make a diagram of all stakeholders and connections

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Stakeholders and their connections to each other should be identified. Source: Moriarity et al. (2007)



2. Create a stakeholder platform

Invite all relevant stakeholders (representatives of each group) to a platform to discuss the question of the

Allocation of sanitation and water management functions!

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A stakeholder platform. Source: http://www.lima-water.de/en/pp5.html [Accessed 02.10.2013]



3. Identify actual functions (1/2)

With a stakeholder platform:

•Differentiate functions one actually holds and functions one thinks one holds

•Note overlaps/lead to confusion or conflict

use an “actors and task matrix” to fill out actors and their key roles/tasks and identify overlaps

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Overlaps and gaps of tasks need to be identified for the bundling and

unbundling of sanitation and water management functions. Source: WSP (2003)



3. Identify actual functions (2/2)

Some guiding questions:

•Which tasks/ functions are performed by which actors?

•What activities do the actors carry out in performing these tasks? How effective are they?

•What gaps are there between tasks?

•What overlaps are there between different actors/ tasks?

•Is there a coordinated effort by actors to integrate their tasks?

•What factors within the system have a positive or negative influence on task performance?

•What information is held by which stakeholders that helps them to perform their tasks? Is it shared? If so, how?

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4. Identify actors’ capacities

Identify:• Capacities• Weaknesses• Resources

Summarise outcomes on flip charts, mind maps or the like.

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Identify capacities and weaknesses.Source: http://coreytowe.wordpress.com/2011/08/10/leading-from-your-strengths-part-1/ [Accessed: 02.10.2013]



5. Propose future functions (1/2)

Key questions:• Do the proposed functions fall within the scope of the current

activities of the actors?

• Does a relative consensus exist concerning the need to intervene and the need to carry out the interventions proposed by the team and the participating actors?

• Do the relevant key actors see the functions as being in their interest?

• Whose perceived interests might be negatively affected by the new allocation of functions?

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5. Propose future functions (2/2)

Key questions (continued):

•Whose perceived interests might be negatively affected by the new allocation of functions?

•Which of the key actors share a need for the perceived interventions? If they work alone, could they make changes?

•Do the relevant key actors have the resources needed to implement the proposed interventions (financial, human, knowledge base, leadership, organisational capacities)?

•Which of the key actors has actually expressed willingness to implement some or all of the proposed interventions?

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6. Implementation

Monitoring the function allocation helps to find out about upcoming uncertainties early!

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Source: Clipart



A very wide applicability, ...

... as it is always helpful to avoid overlaps and gaps of functions and responsibilities!

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3. Applicability



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4. Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

• Clear definition of functions

• Avoiding inefficiency and conflict

• Heightens transparency

• Better use of expertise

• Includes capacities of each stakeholder

Disadvantages:

• A stakeholder platform is necessary to find out about optimal function allocation

• The discussion of functions and responsibilities might lead to conflicts



WSP (Editor) (2009): Too Many Cooks Spoil the Broth. URL: http://www.wsp.org/about/Cartoon%20Calendars/2009%20Calendar [Accessed: 11.01.2010]

MORIARTY, P.; BATCHELOR, C.; ABD-ALHADI, F.; LABAN, P.; FAHMY, H.; INWRDAM (Editor) (2007): The EMPOWERS Approach to Water Governance: Guidelines, Methods and Tools. pdf presentation. Amman, Jordan: Inter-Islamic Network on Water Resources Development and Management (INWRDAM). URL: http://www.project.empowers.info/page/2850 [Accessed: 02.10.2013]

WSP (Editor) (2003): Gap of Responsibilities. URL: http://www.wsp.org/about/Cartoon%20Calendars/2003%20Calendar [Accessed: 02.10.2013]

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5. References

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