bullying prevention in a pbis school drawn from the olweus bully prevention program and the work on...

Bullying Prevention in a Bullying Prevention in a PBiS SchoolPBiS School

Drawn from the Olweus Bully Drawn from the Olweus Bully Prevention Program and the work on Prevention Program and the work on

Bully Prevention of Stiller, Bruce , Bully Prevention of Stiller, Bruce , Ross, Scott , Horner, Robert H. Ross, Scott , Horner, Robert H.

““Bullying . . .”Bullying . . .”

A student is being bullied A student is being bullied when he or she is when he or she is

exposed,repeatedly and over exposed,repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on time, to negative actions on

the part of one or more the part of one or more students.students.

© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2004© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2004

Bullying involves Bullying involves an an imbalanceimbalance in in

power or strength.power or strength.

The student who is bullied The student who is bullied has difficulty defending has difficulty defending

himself/herself.himself/herself.


Web SitesWeb Sites

http://www.pbis.org/pbis_resource_detail_http://www.pbis.org/pbis_resource_detail_page.aspx?PBIS_ResourceID=785page.aspx?PBIS_ResourceID=785

http://www.clemson.edu/olweus/http://www.clemson.edu/olweus/

http://www.pbis.org/pbis_resource_detail_page.aspx?PBIS_ResourceID=785

http://www.pbis.org/pbis_resource_detail_page.aspx?PBIS_ResourceID=785

http://www.clemson.edu/olweus/

Big Ideas from PBISBig Ideas from PBIS

All “bully proofing” skills are more effective if All “bully proofing” skills are more effective if the school has first established a set of the school has first established a set of POSITIVE POSITIVE school-wide behavioral school-wide behavioral expectations.expectations.

Great care is needed to prevent a “Great care is needed to prevent a “bully-bully-proofingproofing” effort from becoming a “” effort from becoming a “bully-bully-trainingtraining” program.” program.

www.pbis.org

The Olweus Bullying The Olweus Bullying Prevention ProgramPrevention Program


Similarities of Two ApproachesSimilarities of Two Approaches

School-wide effortSchool-wide effortTeaching of skills criticalTeaching of skills criticalGuided by school-wide rulesGuided by school-wide rulesMulti-year effortMulti-year effortTargeted strategies for student who bully Targeted strategies for student who bully

and targets of bullyingand targets of bullyingHarness the power of the observer (peers)Harness the power of the observer (peers)Guided by dataGuided by data

DifferencesDifferences

Olweus’s first rule is, We Don’t Bully OthersOlweus’s first rule is, We Don’t Bully Others PBS rule names the desired behavior, we treat PBS rule names the desired behavior, we treat

others with respectothers with respect PBS teaches a stop signal from target to bullyPBS teaches a stop signal from target to bully Olweus emphasizes role of bystanders in Olweus emphasizes role of bystanders in

supporting the target. Does not create supporting the target. Does not create expectation for the target to confront the bullyexpectation for the target to confront the bully

Bullying involves Bullying involves an an imbalanceimbalance in in

power or strength.power or strength.

The student who is bullied The student who is bullied has difficulty defending has difficulty defending

himself/herself.himself/herself.


The Bullying The Bullying Prevention ProgramPrevention Program IS IS

NOT...NOT... a a curriculumcurriculum

a a conflict resolutionconflict resolution approachapproach

a a peer mediationpeer mediation programprogram

an an anger managementanger management programprogram


Label studentLabel student Exclude studentExclude student Blame familyBlame family Punish studentPunish student Assign restitutionAssign restitution Ask for apologyAsk for apology

Teach targeted social Teach targeted social skillsskills

Reward social skillsReward social skills Teach allTeach all Individual for non-Individual for non-

responsive behaviorresponsive behavior Invest in positive Invest in positive

school-wide cultureschool-wide culture

Doesn’t Work Works

PBISPBIS

Step 1: Establish a social cultureStep 1: Establish a social culture

Teach school-wide behavioral expectationsTeach school-wide behavioral expectations

Be respectful, be responsible, be safeBe respectful, be responsible, be safe

Teach all students a “stop” responseTeach all students a “stop” response

If someone is disrespectful to youIf someone is disrespectful to you

If someone is disrespectful to someone you are withIf someone is disrespectful to someone you are with Teach “walking away”Teach “walking away” Teach what to do if someone asks you to “stop”Teach what to do if someone asks you to “stop”

Who?Who?

What?What?

When?When?

Where?Where?

How? How?

Why?Why?


BULLYING = PEER ABUSEBULLYING = PEER ABUSE


Short-term Effects Short-term Effects of Being Bulliedof Being Bullied

Lower self-esteemLower self-esteemDepression & Depression &

anxietyanxiety IllnessIllnessAbsenteeismAbsenteeismThoughts of suicideThoughts of suicide


Lasting Effects Lasting Effects of Being Bulliedof Being Bullied

Lower self-esteemLower self-esteem

Higher rates Higher rates of depressionof depression

Higher rates ofHigher rates of Post Traumatic StressPost Traumatic Stress


Bullying BehaviorBullying BehaviorOften part of a conduct-Often part of a conduct-

disordered behavior patterndisordered behavior pattern

This pattern may continue This pattern may continue into young adulthoodinto young adulthood

Olweus study: Were 4 timesOlweus study: Were 4 timesas likely to have 3 or more as likely to have 3 or more convictions by age 24convictions by age 24


8. True or False?8. True or False?


BB

Most students who observe Most students who observe bullying don’t think they bullying don’t think they should get involved.should get involved.

FalseFalse

Kids Who Kids Who ObserveObserve

(Melton et al., 1998)(Melton et al., 1998)

What do you usually do What do you usually do when you see a student being bullied?when you see a student being bullied?

38%38% Nothing--I think the bullying is Nothing--I think the bullying is OK/I take part/I just watchOK/I take part/I just watch

27%27% I don’t do anything, butI don’t do anything, butI think I should helpI think I should help

35%35% I try to help him or herI try to help him or her


Effects on BystandersEffects on Bystanders

Feel afraidFeel afraid

Feel Feel powerless to powerless to change thingschange things

Feel guiltyFeel guilty

Feel diminished Feel diminished empathy for victimsempathy for victims


The Bullying Circle: Students’ Mode of Reactions/Roles in an Acute Bullying

Situation

B

C

D

V

G

E

F

AStarts the bullying and take an active partTakes an activepart, but do not start the bullying

Supports the bullying, but do not take an active part

Likes the bullying, but do not display open support

Watches what happens * Is none of my business * Doesn’t take a stand

Dislikes the bullying and think they ought to help, but don’t do it

Dislikes the bullying, helps or tries to help the victim

The one who is exposed

Victim

Bully/bullies

FollowerHenchman

SupporterPassive Bully/bullies

Passive Supporter Possible Bully Disengaged

Onlooker

Possible Defender

Defender of the victim


Teacher’s Handbook, Ch.3: Pg. 21

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions Where do you see most children in Where do you see most children in

your school/community in this circle? your school/community in this circle? Are these roles static?Are these roles static?

What keeps more children from being What keeps more children from being defenders?defenders?

What are characteristics of What are characteristics of defenders?defenders?

How do adults usually respond to How do adults usually respond to children in positions B, C, D, E, and F? children in positions B, C, D, E, and F?


Ways Staff May Enable BullyingWays Staff May Enable Bullying

Blame the victimBlame the victimFailure of staff to act collectively to stop Failure of staff to act collectively to stop

bullyingbullyingLook the other wayLook the other wayCall it normalCall it normalBuy into mythsBuy into mythsBully ourselvesBully ourselves

Top Ten Top Ten Strategies Strategies

for Effective for Effective Bullying Bullying

PreventionPrevention

HRSA's National Bullying Prevention Campaign, HRSA's National Bullying Prevention Campaign, 20042004


Effective Effective Bullying Bullying


Focus on the whole Focus on the whole school environmentschool environment

Strategy Strategy #1#1




Assess bullying at your Assess bullying at your schoolschool





Garner staff/parent Garner staff/parent supportsupport





Form a group at school to Form a group at school to coordinate bullying prevention/ coordinate bullying prevention/ intervention activitiesintervention activities





Provide training for ALL Provide training for ALL staff membersstaff members





Establish and enforce Establish and enforce school rules and policies school rules and policies regarding bullyingregarding bullying


AgainstAgainst BullyingBullying

We will not bully others.We will not bully others.We will try to help students who We will try to help students who

are bullied.are bullied.We will make it a point to include We will make it a point to include

students who are easily left out.students who are easily left out.When we know somebody is being When we know somebody is being

bullied, we will tell an adult at bullied, we will tell an adult at school and an adult at home.school and an adult at home.





Increase adult supervision Increase adult supervision in “hot spots” for bullyingin “hot spots” for bullying


The “Teachable Moment”The “Teachable Moment”

Stop the bullyingStop the bullyingSupport the victimSupport the victimName the bullying behaviorName the bullying behaviorRefer to the school rulesRefer to the school rules Impose immediate consequences (if Impose immediate consequences (if

appropriate)appropriate)Empower the bystanderEmpower the bystander




Intervene consistently and Intervene consistently and appropriately in bullying appropriately in bullying incidentsincidents





Focus some classroom time Focus some classroom time on bullying prevention and on bullying prevention and interventionintervention





Continue efforts over Continue efforts over timetime


RecommendationsRecommendations

Focus on bullying once there is fidelity with the Focus on bullying once there is fidelity with the universal implementation of PBiSuniversal implementation of PBiS

Add bullying rules to the matrix in all Add bullying rules to the matrix in all environmentsenvironments

Teach students about bullying and the bullying Teach students about bullying and the bullying rules and give them the tools (reporting, helping rules and give them the tools (reporting, helping those who are bullied, including all in activities) those who are bullied, including all in activities) to helpto help

In year two of PBS effort survey staff and In year two of PBS effort survey staff and students about bullying in your schoolstudents about bullying in your school

More RecommendationsMore Recommendations

Teach all staff how to intervene when they Teach all staff how to intervene when they see bullyingsee bullying

Increase adult supervision in hot spots.Increase adult supervision in hot spots.Develop targeted strategies to counsel Develop targeted strategies to counsel

students who bully and support for students who bully and support for students who are targetsstudents who are targets


• Olweus Bullying Prevention Program web site, Clemson Universityhttp://www.clemson.edu/olweus/

• HRSA Anti-Bullying Campaign web site:http://www.stopbullyingnow.hrsa.gov/

• SAMHSA, 15 Plus Campaign website:http://www.mentalhealth.samhsa.gov/15plus

Too often we underestimate Too often we underestimate the power of a smile, a kind the power of a smile, a kind word, a listening ear, an word, a listening ear, an honest compliment, or the honest compliment, or the smallest act of caring, all of smallest act of caring, all of which have the potential to which have the potential to turn a life around. turn a life around. - Leo Buscaglia - Leo Buscaglia

bullying prevention in a pbis school drawn from the olweus bully prevention program and the work on...

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