bullying
DESCRIPTION
Final Project for Advanced General PsychologyTRANSCRIPT
THE BULLY WITHINRISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS
OF ADOLESCENT BULLYING
Argosy University
Cherise C. Brown
KEY FACTORS
• Peer Pressure
• Home
• Neighborhood
• School
WHAT IS BULLYING?
Bullying is defined as abehavior that: (a) is intended to cause harm or distress, (b) occurs repeatedly over time, and (c) occurs in a relationship in which there is an imbalance of power or strength. (Solberg & Olweus, 2003).
MYTHS OF BULLYING
• Children who bully are loaners
• Children who bully have low self-esteem
PEER PRESSURE
Popularity
Approval
Acceptance
HOME ENVIRONMENT
Discipline that is questionable
Lack of love and attention from parents
Parents fighting in front of kids in a violent way
Parents using abusive language in front of the children
Movies or sitcoms children watch on television promoting violence
NEIGHBORHOOD
Could be considered dangerous and a need to defend oneself
Gang Violence
SCHOOL
Threats and Intimidation
Teachers are not paying attention to a child
Pursuit of powerLearning disabilityEnvironment of the
school
Bullying in School
MULTICULTURAL FACTORS OF BULLYING
Isolation
Language barriers
Religious beliefs
SIGNS A CHILD IS BULLYING OTHERS
Get into physical or verbal fights
Have friends who bully others
Are becoming more and more aggressive
Have been sent to the principal’s office or to detention repeatedly
Have inexplicable extra money or new items you did not purchase
Blame others for their issues
Don’t accept responsibility for their actions
Are very competitive and are anxious about their reputation or popularity (Stop Bullying.Gov, 2012)
ETHICS OF BULLYINGWhen bullying becomes harassment or takes more
severe forms, it is illegal.
Several States have implemented legislation to deal with bullying, harassment, and intimidation.
Mental health professionals and teachers must be aware of the student's right to privacy when addressing school violence concerns, as well as any legal mandates concerning privacy.
Students also must be aware of the legal and ethical obligations involved in bullying activities. (SAMHSA, 2004).
BULLYING STATISTICS
1 out of 4 teens are bullied.
1 out of 5 kids admits to being a bully, or doing some form of bullying
282,000 students are physically attacked in secondary schools each month
80% of the time, an argument with a bully will end up in a physical fight (Stomp Out Bullying, 2007).
PSYCHOLOGY AND BULLYING
Developmental
Social
Personality theory
ConclusionGET EDUCATED
GET MOTIVATED
BE INVOLVED
THINK OF YOUR CHILDREN’S FUTURE
ReferencesBaldry, A.C., & Farrington, D.P. (2005). Protective factors
as moderators of risk factors in adolescence bullying. Social Psychology of Education, 8, 263 -284. doi: 10.1007/s11218-005-5866-5
Bauer, N.S., Herrenkohl, T.I., Lozano, P., Rivara, F.P., Hill, K.G., Hawkins, J.D. (2006). Childhood bullying involvement and exposure to intimate partner violence. Pediatrics, 118, 235-242.
Bowes, L., Arseneault, L., Maughan, B., Taylor, A., Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T.E. (2009). School, neighborhood, and family factors are associated with children's bullying involvement: a nationally representative longitudinal study. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, (48) 5, 545-553
References (con’t)
Cairnes, R. B., Cairnes, B. D., Neckerman, H. J., Gest, S. D., & Gariepy, J. L. (1988). Social networks and aggressive behavior: Peer support or peer rejection? Developmental Psychology, 24, 815-823.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 1991- 2009 High School Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data. Retrieved from http://mchb.hrsa.gov/chusa11/hstat/hsa/pages/225b.html
Espelage, D. L. (2002). Bullying in early adolescence: the role of the peer group. ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education Champaign IL.
Espelage, D. L., Bosworth, K., & Simon, T. R. (2000). Examining the social context of bullying behaviors in early adolescence. Journal of Counseling and Development, 78(3), 326-333.
References (con’t)Hamarus, P., & Kaikkonen, S. (2008). School bullying as a
creator of pupil peer pressure. Educational Research, 50(4), 333-345. doi: 10.1080/00131880802499779
Lindberg, C. (2010). New Oxford American Dictionary. (3rd ed.)
Mandel, J. (2005). Social life in middle and high school: dealing with cliques and bullies. New York University Child Study Center, 10(1), 1-4.
Olweus, D., Limber, S., & Mihalic, S. (1999). The Bullying Prevention Program. Blueprints for Violence Prevention. Boulder, CO: Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence.
References (con’t)
Renda, J., Vassallo, S., & Edwards, B. (2011). Bullying in early adolescence and its association with anti-social behaviour, criminality and violence 6 and 10 years later. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 21, 117-127. doi: 10.1002/cbm.805
Solberg, M.E., & Olweus, D. (2003). Prevalence estimation of school bullying with the Olweus bully/victim questionnaire. Aggressive Behavior, 29, 239-268
Stomp Out Bullying (2007). The Issue of Bullying – Bullying Statistics. Retrieved from http://www.stompoutbullying.org/aboutbullying_theissue.php
References (con’t)
Stop Bullying Gov (2004). Warning Signs of a Bully. Retrieved fromhttp://www.stopbullying.gov/at-risk/warning-signs/index.html
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHA) (2004). Legal and Ethical Issues of Bullying. Retrieved from http://pathwayscourses.samhsa.gov/bully/bully_7_pg11.htm