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Bulletin of the Geological Survey ofJapan,voL33(8),P・369-379,1982 543.4:549:54622十546.26 (265)
S腿臨餓誠晦幽舳C鯉電錨電s⑪£脱卿一鴎窺S⑪醜鵬齪騒 盤⑪識曲⑬¢e艦職量:P鵬量翫gG騰㊥一盈晦醜§㊧
Shigeru TERAsHIMA*,Seizo NAKAo**and Naok量MITA*
TERAsHIMA,Shigeru,NAKAo,Seizo and MI㌘A,Naoki(1982) Sulfhr and carbon contents of
deep-sea sediments f由m the central P翫ci丘c,GH80-l cruise。B%JJ.0θoJ.8π鍬」ψ伽,voL33
(8),P.369-379.
A恥s愈職c重:One hundred and fifteen deep-sea sediments fピom the north and south Central
Pacific were analyzed for total sulfur,total carbon,organic carbon,water soluble sodium
and water soluble chlorine・These samples were collected along two tracks of4)000km long
for each,running貸om east ofthe Wake island to west ofTahiti,in a Hakurei.maru cruise,
GH80-1. Total sulfur content ranges丘om O・16%to O・51%,and averages O・33%・The total
sulfur is positively correlated with sea salts content。For the occurrence of the sulfhr,about
80%of the total sulfUr is probably derived f士om the sea salts,and for the other part of the
sulfhr,barite is to be a main origin。Su1丘de sulfhr is not detected in the studied samples.
The content of organic carbon varies f士om O。07%to O.63%,and averages O,20%.In
most cases,organic carbon is more abundant in the deep-sea surface sediments than in the
core samples。This may be related to the oxidation oforganic carbon in the uppermost part
ofthe sediments.The organic carbon contents ofthe survey area are clearly lower than those
ofcoastal marine sediments fピom the sea-offofNortheast Japan or around Japan Trench。
亘鶴騰姐麗醜量⑪聡
It is generally known that sulfide sulfhdn
the coastal marine sediments is produced fピom
sulfate sulfhr during the process of bacterial
sulfate reduction (BERNER,1970,JφRGENsEN,
豆977,and GoLDEABER6頗乙,1977)。The bacte-
rial su1魚te reduction occurs only in the absence
ofoxygen,and the sulfじr and organic matter
contents arc positively correlated.in most
cases.For the deep-sea sediments,however,
there are fヒw data,as to the contents of sulfhr
and carbon,and the details of geochemical
ch批racteristics ofboth elements havc not been
discussed.
In the present investigation, 115 deep-sea
sediments have been collected fヒom the north
and south Central Pacinc during the cruise
*Geochemistry&Tecknical Services Department
**Marine GeologyDepartment
GH80-1,Geological survey of Japan。Total
sulfhr,total carbon,organic carbon,water
soluble sodium and water soluble chlorine
were analyzed fbr these samples。In order to
know the chemical fbrmation and occurrence
of the su1釦r,su1魚te su1負1r and barium were
detemined fbr some selected samples.
Localities of the an&1yzed samples are
shown in Table L More details of the survey
area and the comprehensi〉e studies of the
cruise have been reported by MlzuNo and
NAKAo (1982),especially the chemistry of
m司or and some minor elements fbr these
sediments by SuGlsAKI and KINosHITA(1982)
and MITA66α」。(1982).
S題蹴昼》且e聖麗睡し臨賦量⑪魍題膿量A鴎a且y慮量c蛆
M:et恥⑪d聴
The115samples fbr this study were selected
丘om14piston cores and.25box cores,which
were taken fヒom3910cations of the sur〉ey
一369
11
B%1ああη(ゾ渉h6(穿80Jogσ6αJSz6r∂砂(~ブ」ψα?z,Vひ」.33,.〈b.8
Table l Loc&1ities ofthe sampling stations.
Station No. Latitude L・ngitude Depth(卑) Sedimen重s
Mid・P&ciHc Mountains
1647 16。10.14,N
1590 15023.31,N
1646 15022.48’N
1645 14。06.61’N
1644 13。16.99,N
Central Pacific Basin,Northern Part
1642
1641
1640
1639
1598
1638
11。06.38,N
9。46.81/N
8。57.86/N
7040.26/N
6。49.67,N
6048.65’N
17go19.82’W
178043.79’E
178。45.46’W
177047.28/W
177。08.35’W
175。30.67’W
174031.04’W
173。53.91’W
172。56.77’W
174。47.63’W
172015.46’W
5292
5287
5537
5068
5027
54生1
5829
5915
5926
5962
5791
Zeolitic mudZeolitic-rich clay
ditto
ditto
Zeolitic mud
Siliceous fossil-rich clay
ditto
Siliceous mud
ditto
Siliceous負》ssil-rich clay
Siliceous mud
Central Pacific Basin,Central Part
1600
1636
1601
1602
1635
1635A1634
1603
1633
1604
1632
1605
4。41.39’N
4。43.37,N
3。17.83/N
2。33.26,N
3。16.42/N
3。16.3rN
2。32.13,N
1。17.22/N
l o16.04/N
o o24.23/N
O。26.16/N
OQ57.91,S
173。11.89’W
170042.88’W
172010.5rW
171。37.69/W
169。40.10’W
16go40.25’W169。06.07/W
170。42.28’W
168。09.97,W
170002.51’W
167。33.83’W
16goO1。69’W
5584
5747
5350
5389
5351
5350
5087
5479
5359
5457
5255
5455
Central Pacific Basin,Southem Part and North Tokelau Basin
1631 0。58.61’S 166。20.89’W 5342
1630 1。30.45/S 165。52.52’W 5537
1629 2。53.00’S 164。57.31/W 5261
1607 3002.12’S 167029.91/W 5698
1628 3。30.50’S 164。09。94’W 4947
ManihikiWestem Plateau and ManihikiNortheastem Basin
1627 5。27.32’S 163。64.01’W 4995
1625 7006.72’S 161056.68’W 4650
1623 9。26.14’S 160。14。83’W 4561
1613 9。29.32’S 16204L40’W 2944
Penrhyn Basin
1622
1621
1616
1620
1619
1617
1618
10。16.35/S
11。35.38/S
12Q20.07,S
12。26.44’S
13034.03,S
13。47.40,S
14029.61’S
159。35.57’W
158。34.91’W
160030.89’W
157。57.20’W
157。06.01’W
15go28.35/W
158052.98’W
5235
5312
5690
5285
5131
5162
5453
Siliceous mud
ditto
ditto
ditto
Siliceous ooze
ditto
Siliceous calcareous marly ooze
Siliceous mud
Siliceous ooze
Siliceous mud
Siliceous nanno mud
CaCO3-rich siliceous mud
Ca,1careous siliceous ooze
Siliceous mud
ditto
ditto
Siliceous fbssil-rich clayey
Siliceous calcareous最}ssil-rich mud
ClayeynamooozeCalcareousmarlyooze
Foramini£era、ooze
Zeolite-rich mud
ditto
Pelagic clay
Zeolitic mud
ditto
Pelagic cl&y
ditto
area。ARer air-dried,samples were ground.to
under150mesh.The ground samples weredried at I IO oC 食)r 3 hours,and kept in a
desiccat・r.Thesesamplesarethesameas
those reported by MITA6渉α」・(1982)・
The total sulfhr,total carbon and organic
carbon were analyzed.by an in丘ared absorp-
tion photometry after combustion,and water
370
S%伽姻0励oη∫箆.D吻一56α38伽8傭(7セ郷h加α,陥んα・副ル伽)
soluble sodium and.barium were determined
by atomic absorption spectrometry.These
methods were described in TERAsHIMA6渉α」.
(1982).As fbr the other elements,water
soluble chlorine were analyzed by titrimetry,
and su1魚te sulfUr by gravimetry.Outlines of
theanalyticalprocedures餅these two elementsare g圭ven below.
Analysis of water soluble chlorinel Weigh
O。2g of the sample into a test tube of50ml
with a stopper。After adding water to the
£xed volume,shake the mixture fbr about one
minute.Allow to stand fbr more than lO
minutes,filter with a filter paper(5:B),and
titrate by N/20silver nitrate solution・
Analysis ofsu1飴te sulfUr:Weigh LOgofthe
sample into a beaker of300m1,and add30ml
of HC1 (1十2)。After covering,heat the
mixture fbr20minutes at about l OO。C,then
£1ter with a filter paper(5C).Determine
sulfate sulfhr in the丘1trate by a conventional
gravimetric method by adding barium chloride
solution.
shows that sulfide sulfhr is not present in the
samples.Namely,there may be no bacterial
su1魚tereductioninthesu蝉eyarea.
Carbon:The content of organic carbon
varies 丘om O。07 to O.63%,and the average
is O.20%.The relationship between organic
carbon contents and,the depth below the
ocean bottom are given in Fig。2。It shows
that the su漁ce sediments are more abundant
in organic carbon than the subsur魚ce samples。
This maybe related to the oxidation oforganic
carbon in the upPermorst part of sediments・
The organic carbon is fヒ)undl in all the samples,
but the carbonate carbon is present in only
l4samples(Nos.18,52,53,59,67,75,76,
80,96,97,101,102,103,and lO4).In genera1,
carbonate carbon is present as the compounds
of calcium carbonate in deep-sea sed.iments.
:【)istribution of carbonate carbon calcurated
agrees with the results by SuGIsAKI and
:KINosH:ITA(1982)who reported geochemical
characteristics and geographical distribution
of the calcium carbonate in the survey area.
R⑱s聡旦重§鶴聡娼互》鼠se盟§s量⑪臨
The analytical results fbr total sulfhr,
organic carbon,water soluble sodium and
water soluble chlorine are listed in Table2.
The contents of sulfate sulfUr, carbonate
carbon and barium in selected53samples are
given in Table3.The calculated values of
carbonate carbon are obtained by subtracting
organic carbon fピom the total carbon,
Ge聡e謡鋸pe醜 Sulfhr:The value oftotal sulfhr〉aries f士om
O.16to O。51%,and the average is O・33%・It
is generally known that sulfid,e sulfhr圭n the
coastalmarinesedimentsisproduced丘omsu1魚te sulfhr by bacterial sulfゑte reduction.
In order to know the presence of the sulfide
sulfじr in the samples studied,su1鉛te sulfじr
was analyzed{br some samples.The results
agree with the total sulfUr contents within the
experimental errors as shown in Fig。L It
⑪c礪蟹e聡ee⑱昼醐懸鐙 A large amount of su1魚te sulf巳r fヒom sea
salt is contained in the deep-sea sediments.
0。6
0.5
0.4
諫
』 0、3
翠
の
慧 0.2
出房
0.1
0.0
O Core sample
㊥ Suγface sample
Q
Fig。1
0。0 0.1 0.2 0.3
Totalsulfur(%)
0.4 0.5 0。6
Comparison of su1釦r contents determined by
in丘ared absorption photometry(total sulfUr)
and gravimetry(sul£ate sulfhr)・
一371一
§
韓
鰭
灘
B%μθだη(ゾ診h60θoJogぎ6αJSz67zノ¢y(~ブJlψαη,レbJゲ33,ハ乙o。8
Table2 Analytical results of total sulfhr,organic carbon,water soluble sodium and water
soluble chlorine fbr deep-sea sediments f}om the GH80-1cruise in we三ght percent.
No.StationNo.
Observ. No,
Location (cm)
Totalsul角皿
Organiccarbon
Watersoluble
sodium
Watersolublechlorine
123456789
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
1647
1590
1646
1645
1644
1642
1641
1640
1639
1598
1638
1600
1636
1601
1602
B32(c)
B2(s)
B31(c)
B30(c)
P179
Pl78
B29P177
B28B4P176
B5P175
B6B7
Surfゑce
5-17
148-158
192-202
302-312
20-30
90-100
220-230
320-330
420430520-530
620-630
680-690
730-740
5-20
127-137
227-237
287-297
347-357
427-437
525-535
625-635
725-735
Surface
10-20
124-134
224-234
324-334
424-434
522-532
602-612
697-707
Surf乞ce
5-20
116-126
225-235
315-325
416-426
514-524
624-634
714-724
Surface
Surface
0.26
0.23
0.22
0.24
0.18
0.20
0.25
0.310.35.
0,33
0.29
0.35
0,34
0.30
0.26
0.22
0.19
0.27
0.27
0.35
0.37
0.35
0,33
0,27
0.32
0.36
0.35
0.32
0.35
0.34
0.36
0.39
0.31
0.38
0.35
0.33
0.33
0.40
0.35
0.33
0.37
0.32
0.38
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.41
0.41
0.34
0.27
0.31
0.37
0.16
0.11
0.13
0.140.17
0.17
0.15
0.14
0.14
0。14
0.13
0.12
0.10
0.38
0.24
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.16
0,15
0.13
0.15
0.16
0.48
0.43
0.17
0,17
0.14
0.13
0.10
0.09
0.11
0.09
0.47
0.29
0.17
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.13
0.14
0.61
0.52
2.40
2.33
2.42
3.05
1.43
1.92
1.68
2.53
3.63
3.22
3.24
3.61
3.65
2.97
3.22
2.39
2.03
3.85
3.59
4.74
4.76
4.97
4.67
3.76
4.71
4.40
4.61
4.72
4.87
4.41
4.78
4.90
4.52
4.33
4.00
4.48
4.29
5.62
4.64
4.82
5.05
4.55
4.75
5.00
5.17
5.10
5.30
5.54
3.70
3.11
3.52
4.47
1.89
2.54
2.39
3.11
5.17
5。25
4.70
5。07
5.26
4.35
4.443.31
2.37
5.66
5.27
7.47
7.44
7.12
6.68
5.52
6.92
6.25
7.13
6.84
7.62
6.56
6.85
7.45
6.33
6.60
6.39
6.28
6.33
7.96
6.92
6.90
7.13
6.84
7.12
7.06
7.63
7.53
8.058.68,
_372一
3喚7αη4σ励・η伽D卿一56α36伽6傭(τ診7α5h伽α,瓦漁・αη4M伽)
Table2(continued)
No.StationNo.
Observ. No,
LOCαtion (cm)
Totalsulfhr
Organiccarbon
Watersoluble
sodium
Watersoluble
chlorine
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
1635
1635A
1634
1603
1633
1604
1632
1605
1631
1630
1629
1607
1628
B26P174
P173
P159
B25(c)
B8P172
1》160
B24(c)
P171
B23(c〉
P161
P170
50-60
731-741
50-60
138-148
238-248
318-328
438-448
535-545
635-645
735-745
0-15
57-67
237-247
437-447
637-647
20-30
122-132
202-212
312-322
422-432
522-532
602-612
722-732
6-16
162-172
362-372
562-572
741-752
Surface
15-34
36-46
136-146
231-241
338-348
423433523-533
613-623
723-733
Surface
15-30
26-36
226-236
516-526
716-726
10-25
0.41
0.33
0.37
0.34
0.33
0.35
0.38
0.37
0.49
0.41
0.30
0.42
0.48
0.40
0.32
0.36
0.44
0.40
0.32
0,39
0.45
0.37
0.35
0.38
0.40
0.41
0.29
0。34
0.37
0.34
0.41
0.42
0.29
0.31
0。32
0.32
0.32
0.31
0.32
0.31
0.30
0.43
0.28
0.27
0。34
0.22
0.31
0.25
0.47
0.09
0。07
0.11
0.13
0.14
0.13
0.07
0.11
0.08
0.13
0,29
0。12
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.58
0.63
0.14
0.19
0.17
0.15
0.15
0。15
0.13
0.13
0.24
0.16
0.16
0.13
0.19
0.54
0.30
0.17
0.15
0.14
0.13
0。11
0.08
0.11
0.11
0。44
0.14
0.19
0.09
0.10
0.20
0.28
5.38
3.84
3.88
4.19
4.37
4.40
4.75
3.30
3.16
4.18
2.76
5.02
5。75
5.24
4.33
4.56
5.83
5.70
3.96
4.95
5.07
4.76
4.68
5。07
5.15
5.18
3.44
4.06
4.32
4.10
4.95
5.15
3.48
3.92
4.14
4.03
4.13
3.91
4.22
4.11
3.88
5.32
3.52
3.39
4.07
1.85
1.94
2.64
7.95
5.50
6。00
6.00
6.33
6。34
6.84
5.23
4.91
6.56
4.24
7.07
8.35
7.80
6.50
7.02
9.14
7.80
5.75
7.20
7.44
7.10
6.78
7.53
7.57
7。25
5.22
6.13
6.16
6.22
7.00
7.42
5.14
5.82
5.92
5.98
5.82
5.25
6.18
5.93
5.50
8.25
5.07
4.90
5.98
2.22
2.51
3.74
一373一
β助伽ψh606・」・9勿α」勘妙げ」伽η,%」.33,葡.8
Table2 (continued)
No.StationNo.
Observ. No.
Location (cm)
Totalsulfhr
Organiccarbon
Watersolublesod五um
Watersoluble
chlorine
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
1627
1625
1623
1613
1622
1621
1616
1620
1619
1617
1618
B22(c)
B21(c)
:B20(c)
B12P167
B19(c)
B14B18(c)
B17(c)
B15(c〉
B16(c)
59-69
152-162
243-253
343-353
Surface
Surface
5-20
33-43
178-188
375-385
575-585
Surface
Surface
Surface
Sur£ace
0.34
0.38
0.38
0.45
0.51
0.32
0.21
0.16
0.18
0.21
0.29
0.27
0.27
0.26
0.33
0.31
0.34
0.41
0.35
0.16
0.15
0.17
0.14
0.44
0.31
0.20
0.07
0.17
0.13
0.09
0.07
0.08
0.41
0.45
0.35
0.36
0.44
0.37
4.29
5.06
4.79
5.29
6.25
3.41
1.58
1.12
1.82
1.94
2.97
2.82
2.62
2.83
3.03
3.28
3.81
4。29
4.48
6.14
7.69
7.32
7.82
9.45
5.28
2.10
1.84
2.50
2.62
4.45
4.11
3.65
4.07
4.37
5.34
5.71
6.73
7.05
Organiccarbon(%)
0・0 0・1 0。2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.60
100
200Eo
巨300βぢ』
の二 400-
3ロ
i』 500
530
600
700
800
⑪ 歯『’③⑲罰♂麟⑬麟鵬⑪魯 ⑧鞠㊥
㊥ ㊥ ㊧霧翻⑱
㊥⑳面
留
⑲ ㊥
内
⑲㊥ 鷲
⑭⑳
⑳評呼
呪調⑱ 窃
略㊥魑
@⑱
㊥躍㊥’
⑯ ⑧㊥
Fig・2 Plot of organic carbon contents to depth
below the bottom ofthe sample.
In order to estimate the sulfate sulfhr of the
sea salt origin,water soluble sodium and
chlorine are analyze(L The relationship be-
tween the water soluble sodium and.chlorine
are illustrated.in Fig.3.There are clear
positive correlation. Concentration ratios of
sodium to chlorine are calculated fbr both
sea water and sodium chloride,and the
results are&1so illustrated in the figure。The
concentrations of water soluble sodium to
chlorine of the deep-sea sediments exisdn
the sodium-rich area of the sea water ratio.
丁雌s me&ns that water soluble sodium in the
sed:iments are not only fヒom the pore water,
but f}om the minerals1n the sediments.So,
the sulf巳r fヒom the sea salt should be better
estimated fヒom the water soluble chlorine
contents.
The relationship between total sulfhr con.
tents and water soluble chlorine contents are
presented in Fig.4。There are clear positive
correlation,but the plots exist in the sulfhr-
rich area of the sea water ratio,This implies
一374一
3%伽αη40励・厄ηZ)卿一36αSθ伽θ傭(7初5hぎ常α,陥んα・απ4ル伽)
Table3 Analytical results of sulfate sulfUr,carbonate carbon and barium for ocean-floor
sediments fをom the GH80-1cruise in weight percent。
No.Su1£ate Carbonate BariumsulfUr carbon*
134589
11
17
18
19
26
27
28
31
33
35
37
38
40
46
49
52
53
57
59
60
63
66
0.25
0.22
0.25
0.17
0.30
0.35
0.29
0.19
0.28
0.26
0.35
0.35
0.32
0.35
0.32
0.35
0.33
0.39
0.35
0.40
0.42
0.33
0.33
0.49
0.30
0.41
0.33
0.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000.,00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.45
0.04
0.00
2.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.27
0.08
0.22
0.18
0.05
0.47
0.25
0.06
0.07
0.11
0.23
0。18
0.12
0.21
0.16
0.16
0.18
0.15
0.15
0.37
0.21
0.27
0.30
0.87
0.32
0.27
0.16
0.16
No.Sulfatesulfur
Carbonatecarbon*
Barium
67
68
69
71
74
75
76
79
80
8493
94
95
96
97
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
109
114
0.33
0.39
0.44
0.36
0.42
0.29
0.33
0.43
0.42
0.31
0.34
0.22
0.31
0.25
0.35
0.46
0.52
0,31
0.20
0.15
0.19
0.19
0.29
0.26
0.42
2.96
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.31
0.34
0。00
0.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.19
0.30
0.00
0.32
4.81
8.2210.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.28
0.25
0.27
0.29
0.38
0.12
0.21
0.36
0.16
0.21
0.09
0.05n.d.
0.18
0.22
0.51
0.33
0.18
0.16
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.38
X(n=53) 0。33 0.73 0。21(n-52)
Nos.same as the Table2.n.d.=Not determine(1.
*Carbonate carbon was detected only in l4sampIes(Nos。18,52,53,59,67,75,76,80,96,97,101,102,103,and
lO4)。
that there are other types of su1鉛te sulfUr,
beside the sulfate sulfhr contained in sea salt.
GoLDBERG and ARRHENlus(1958)have de-
scribed that barite is the most common
sulfじr-bearing mineral in deep-sea sediments。
In this study,barium was analyzed in some
selected samples,and the results are given in
Fig。5and are compared with corrected su1魚te
sulfUr contents』Most of the samples show a
positive correlation,though weakly,between
the barium and corrected sul飴te sulfUr.It
apPears that the sea salt origin sulfUr and
barite sulfUr&re the main portion of sulfヒr
occurring in the deep-sea sediments。
The sul血r content of the sea salt origin in
the survey area ranges f}om O。09to O。44%,
averaging O.27%,whereas that ofthe corrected
sulfhr ranges丘om O。00to O.26% with an
average of O.058%。It means that about80%
of sulfUr in the sediment comes fヒom the sea
salts.
聡e且a電量⑰聡s騒聖恥e重wee餌欝⑱9量⑪聡箆亘Ψ認窟量鼠盛⑪聡s
a聡認重y欝e⑰聲se戯朧e聡慮s
The regional variations of the average
contents of total sul血r (uncorrected and
corrected),organic carbon,carbonate carbon,
一一375一
砲」6勧げ魏606・」・gJ6αIS%吻げ」α卿,%1.33,葡・8
10
9
8
7
6
駅 5
ω⊆
シ
2‘ 4り
ω
』コ
5。0 3』①一
3
2
、
0
7ノ
!
ノ
!
㊥ !
!學働
♂
声
藩
騨
輔・
ノ㍗
♂灘㊥
ノ!㊥
1解
ノ晶 ノ
漁、
!!@㊥
夕⑧
一 Sea water ratio
一一一 Sodium chloride ratio
ノ
奪ノ
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Water soluble sodium ( % )
Fig.3 Relationship between water soluble sodium
and water soluble chlorine.
10
9
8
7
6
駅
)5ω=
』の
5 4ε£宕
』33窒
2
1
0
⑱
㊥ ⑧
翻 瀞.1
、爵
⑱㊧ ㊥ ⑧ %睡.
躍:⑳
あ あ
ゆ鴨・ ⑱ 魯
。⑱聴。
oo魅0
⑱
o o
o も ロ ~ oo ⑯ ⑳ o
乱 ⑫& ⑱ぎ ¢o
季
㊥
(O)Mid-Pacific図。untainsandPenrhynBasin
(愈)Otherarea
Fig。4
0 0.1 0.2 0.3
’Totalsulfur(%)
0.4 0.5 0。6
Relationship between total sulfhr and water
soluble chlorine。
water soluble sodium and water soluble
chlorine are listed,in Table4.The uncorrected
total sulfhr,water soluble sodium and.water
soluble chlorine in the samples fヒom central
part of the survey area,Central PaciHc Basin
乱nd North Tokelau Basin,are slightly h圭gher
than those of both northern part as the Mid-
Paci丘c Mountains and southern part as the
Manihiki Westem Plateau,Manihiki North-
eastem Basin and Penryn Basin.Whereas the
corrected total sulfhrεしnd organic carbon in
the samples fヒom central part of the sur〉ey
area are lower than those of other areas.
This may be related to type of sediments and
bathymetric’or geographical situations of
deep-sea sedimentation.T&ble5gives the
average contents of some elements on various
types ofsediments.The contents ofuncorrected.
total sulfhr,water soluble sodium and water
soluble chlorine in the zeolitic sediments are
駅
~
}
ω
ρ邸}
5
-Φ
一りω』』
oり
0。25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
O.00
㊥
1!
魯 曾 ㊥
ノ ㊥ ㊥@! ⑬⑲ @ ノ
!③⑭ ⑱ ⑱ ㊥㊥
!⑱ ⑱ ⑫
!⑧翻 ㊥㈱@ ノ ㊥⑲斧㊥ 愈 ノ⑱醗 ㈱
徊㊥ ノ騨 畠⑧
ノ @
1!
働
ノ 、少
.ゲ
.!〆
!
!
Fig。5
0 0.25 0.50 0。75 1。00
Barium ( % )
Relationship between barium and corrected.
sulfate sulfhr。
一376一
3%伽αη4σ励oη∫ηD6‘ψ一58α36伽備(7セ郷h伽α,油んα・副ル伽)
Table4 Average contents based on their localities in weight percent。
Area (n)
Total sulfhr
uncorrected
Organic carboncorrected*
Water WaterCarbonate soluble solublecarbon sodium chlorine
Midlle Paci丘c Mountains 8Central Pacific Basin,Northern Part 29
Central Pacific Basin,Central part 42
C嚇離諮撫譜濫e「npa「t’}21
M櫨躍臨膿識謡}・PenrhynBasin H
0.24
0.32
0.38
0.33
0.30
0.29
0.08
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.23
0.17
0.20
0.19
0.26
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.23
0.28
5.90
0.00
2.22
4.05
4.66
3.96
3.09
3.08
3.09
5.95
6.88
5.74
4.67
4.60
Average 115 0.33 0.058 0.20 0.34 4.00 5.88
*Values obtained by subtracting salt origin su1魚r from the analyzed value.
Table5 Average contents based on the type ofsediments in weight percent.
Sediment (n)
Total sulf㌔皿
uncorrected
Organic carboncorrected*
Water WaterCarbonate soluble solublecarbon sodium chlorine
Ze盤盤紹欝hmud}Siliceous mud
Siliceous fossil-rich clay
Siliceouscalcareousmarlyooze
C&CO3-rich siliceous mud
16
50
16
85
0.25
0.34
0.32
0.37
0.35
0.08
0.04
0.07
0.10
0.06
0.22
0.19
0.19
0.11
0.18
0.00
0.00
0.35
0.48
0.53
2.49
4.45
3.67
3.89
4.17
3.57
6.52
5.37
5.81
6.15
*Same as in Table4.
clearly lower than those of siliceous mud,
siliceous R)ssil rich clay, siliceous calcareous
marly ooze and calcium carbonate richsiliceous mud.The relationship between water
soluble sodium and total sulfUr fbr zeolitic
sediments and siliceous muds are given in
Fig.6。There are clear Close correlation。And
the siliceous muds are much dominated by
both water soluble sodium and total sulfhr
than the zeolitic sediments.This魚ct implies
that the sea salts are abundant圭n the siliceous
muds.
Organic carbon and water soluble chlorine
are correlated positively on the sur飯ce sam-
ples.However,those ofthe subsu曲ce samples
appear to have no correlation,as shown in
Fig.7.It fbllows that the organic carbon in
the sediment is supplied fヒom the sea water,
and the halfor more ofthemis lost byintensive
oxidation.:But this oxidation may be limited
only・to the uppermorst part of the sediments,
6.0
5.0
4.0
ぬ
)3.OE
-o
の
三
三2.0
8茜信3 1。0
0.0
㊥ Sil iceous mud
oZeolit宅cmud,Zeoliterich
mudandZeoliterichclay ㊥㊥
㊥⑱㊥㊥ ⑧喋
@喉㊥⑱
あゐ あ ゐ 曙.
㊥㊥ ㊥ o
㊥⑲ ㊥
赫
が
拐鋭
O o
o
00
0 00 00
oOO㊥
o0
③
0 0.1 0.2 0●3 0.4 0。5
Total sulfur ( % )
Fig.6 Relationship between total sulfur and water
soluble sodium.
一377一
B吻勘ψh6σθ・」・9づ64JS麗吻ヴ」伽η,殉」。33,葡。8
because more than O。07%oforganic carbon are
remained in the subsur魚ce samples。
A留e蝿w麗量鋪量⑪聡
A〉erage contents of sulfide sul負1r,sulfate
sulfhr,organic carbon and carbonate carbon
in reCent marine SedimentS fヒOm tWO dif琵rent
areas are listed in Table6fbr comparison.
There are clear difi艶rences in the sulfide
sulfヒr contents among the samples fヒom the
10
9
8
7
6
_ 5駅
ゆ.……
き 4≡り
の
三,ヨ 3
8お慧ヌ
2
1
0
o
㊥
㊥
⑲
萄
ロ ロ
嵐 ⑱ . o o。 ヂ。3 。 ㊥ 8ぐ o @㊥ぎ。航。
o。8ぞ・ ⑲⑧㊥ ロロ ロ
⑱o o o e Q O@ O O O O
o
o
o
ooo
o0
oO O O 80 ㊥面 o
0 ㊥
㊥
⑱
㊥
⑱
⑳
@
㊥Surface sampl e
O Core sample
⑬
@
0 0。1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
0rganiccarbon(%)
Fig.7 Relationship between organic carbon and w飢er soluble chl6rine.
area to the east of Northeast Japan (o。54%),
around the Japan Trench(o。27%)and in the
Central Pacific (0.00%)。There also exists
similar tendency in the organic carbon
contents.Thus both sulfide sulfhr and,organic
carbon are more abundant in the coastal side
than in the oceanic side。This魚ct implies
that the su1且de sulfUr in the marine sediments
are provide(i by bacterial sulfate reduction
through sedimentary processes involving abun-
dant organic carbon.Absence of sulfide sulfhr
in the Central PaciHc may be related to the
low organic carbon contents,and,in lesser
degree,to〉ery slow rate ofsedimentation and
other bathymetric situations。
Re蛋ere聡ces
BERNER,R.。A.(1970) Sedimentary pyrite formation。
∠重ηz。Joz67。S6ぎ。,vol・268,P.1-23。
GoLDBERG,E。D,and ARRHENIus,G。0.S.(1958) Chemistry ofPacific pelagic sediments。0606肋η.
Oo5ηzooh伽2・∠16厩,voL13,P,153-212。
GoLDHABER,M.B.,ALLER,:R.C.,CoGHRAN,J.K.,
R.osENFELD,」。K。,MARTENs,C。S。andBERNER,
R。A.(1977〉 Sulfate reduction,diffusion,and.
bioturbation in long island sound sediments:
:Report of the foam group。オ肱Jo%7.Soゑ.,voL
277,p。193-237。
JφRGENsEN,B。B。(1977) The sulfur cycle of a coastal
marine sediment (Limfjorden, Denmark).
.乙伽zηoJo8フαη4066αηog貰αψ妙,vo1.22,p。814-832.
MITA,N。,NAKAo,S..and KATo,K。(1982)Minor
chemical composition of bottom sediments
貸om the Central PaciGc Wake to Tahiti
transect.1ηMlzuNo,A.and NAKAo,S。(843。),
σθoJ.S%γ∂。」吻η0励6Rゆ。(inpress)。
MlzuNo,A。and NAKAo,S.(θ45.)(1982)Regionaldata
of marine geology,geophysics,and manganese
Table6 Comparison ofthe average contents fbr sulfide sulfUrラsulfate sulfur,organic carbon
and carbonate carbon i血recent marine sediments.
き
垂垂嚢選
灘 麟麟馨
Area Water depth (m)
Sulfidesulfhr(%)
Sulfate sulfur(%)
Total
Organic Carbonate
S孕1t。rigin ca「bon(%)carbon(%)
Sea off ofNortheast Japan* 750-4770
Around Japan Trench* 5180-8805
Central Pacific Basin 2944-5962
0.54
0.27
0.00
0.29
0.18
0.33
0.12
0.11
0.27
1.52
0.90
0.20
0.30
0.04
0.34
どみ
睡黙
*Data from TERAsHIMA8紹」,(in prep。)
一378一
S%伽απ40励・碗ηD卿一58α36伽鶴(乃郷h伽,蜘肋・姻ハ4伽)
nodules:the Wake-Tahiti transect in the
Central Pacific (GH80-l cruise, January-
March1980)。060」。S麗7∂.」卿η0幡θ鋤よ (in press)・
SuGIsAKI,:R.and KINosHITA,T,(1982)Major element
chemistry・fthesedimentsontheCentral Paci且c transect,Wake to TahitiラGH80-1
cruise,血MlzuNo,A.and NAKAo,S,(645.),
08・乙S%7∂。」吻ηα膨Rψ置。(inpress).
TERAsHIMA,S。,NAKへoラS。and MocHlzuKI,T.(1982)
Sulfhr and carbon contents of manganese
nodules from the Central Pacific,GH80-1 cru五se. Bz〆ム 060」。 3%7∂. 」ψαη, vol。 33, P.
111-123.
中央太平洋海底堆積物中の硫黄と炭素含有量
寺島 滋・中尾征三・三田直樹
要 旨
中央太平洋海盆から得られた深海底堆積物115試料について全硫黄,全炭素,有機炭素,水溶性ナト
リウム及び水溶性塩素を定量した.そして硫黄の存在形態と地球化学的性質を知る目的で一部について
は硫酸塩硫黄,バリウムも定量した.用いた分析方法は燃焼一赤外吸収法(全硫黄,全炭素,有機炭素),
原子吸光法(水溶性ナトリウム,バリウム),滴定法(水溶性塩素),重量法(硫酸塩硫黄)である.
全硫黄の含有量は0.16-0・51%で,平均値は0・33%であった.全硫黄と水溶性ナトリウム,水溶性塩
素,バリウム含有量との関係を検討した結果,全硫黄の約80%は海水中の硫酸イオンに由来し,残りは
主として重晶石として存在すると考えられた.そして,硫化物硫黄は全く検出されなかった.
有機炭素の含有量は0・07-0・63%であり,平均値は0・20%であった.そして表層堆積物に多く,コァ
ー堆積物で低い傾向があり,大半の有機炭素は海底面で酸化分解されると推定された,全炭素から有機
炭素を差し引くことによって求められた炭酸塩炭素は,115試料のうちわずか14試料(そのほとんどは
表層堆積物)に存在する.
堆積物の種類との関係では,沸石質堆積物中の全硫黄,水溶性ナトリウム,水溶性塩素の含有量は珪
質軟泥その他の堆積物に比べて低かった.本研究で得られたいくつかのデータを日本海溝周辺海域の試
料についての結果と比較したところ,硫化物硫黄及び有機炭素の含有量に顕著な差があり,この両者は
陸側海域で高く,陸から遠くなるに従って減少する傾向を示した.これは海域の酸化還元環境や堆積速
度,有機物の供給量等に関係すると思われる.
(受付:1982年1月18目1受理:1982年2月22日)
一379一