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Community Based Social Cohesion through Peace Building under UNDP Seed Funding

To initiate citizenship registry & social cohesion in Samarbagh Sub-Division District Dir (Lower) through increasing the peace building capacity of the target communities and to influence regional policy

makers to pro-actively act on conflicts at their community source

Final Report September 2010 – December 2010

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Table of Contents

S/No Particulars Page no

1 Background & Situational Analysis

2 Introduction

3 Project Objectives

4 Project activities; an overview

5 Appointment of Project Personnel

6 Orientation / Staff Capacity Building Trainings

7 The Project Approach

8 Coordination with Government, line departments & Organizations

9 Gaining support from community members

10 Peace & Conflict Resolution through Awareness and Trainings

11 Rapid Situational Analyses RSA

12 Designing and compilation of manual for training

13 Formation of Community Peace Committees CPC

14 Training of Community Peace Committees

15 Formation & Training of Tehsil Peace Committees TCP

16 Training of CBOS & VDOs Members

17 TOT on Peace Education & Conflict Resolution

18 Training of Local Community

19 Sport Competition

20 Qirat Competition

21 Speech Competition

22 Local Handy Craft Show

23 Free Medical Camp

24 Exposure visits

25 Monitoring and Supervision of Project Activities

26 Sustainability

27 Constrain

28 Lesson Learned

29 Future Planning

30 Recommendations

ANNEXURES:

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I. Case Studies

II. Training Manual on Peace Education & Conflict Resolution

III. Photos Album of Project Activities

Background & Situational Analysis: In our world it’s a phrase

that no one is criminal by birth. A human is born innocent, only with its human identity. How ever experiences with family, community and society make them different from each other. There are both good and bad responses to the inner and outer actions and reactions which affect the heart and mind of an individual.

A person’s mind can develop prejudices, biases and hatred against others for a variety of reasons. A person with these prejudices and biases needs to change both their heart and mind. Such change comes as a result of both formal and informal education and from taking practical actions. We must realize that we all live in a diverse world with many different identities, faiths, ethnicities, languages, and ideologies and so on. All such identities lead us to have a positive or negative perspective against or in favor of a specific individual or group. The positive perspectives are good. The negative perspectives, however, need a transformation of a person’s heart and mind in order to communicate with each other in a cordial manner and to give space

and develop connectivity between people. Unfortunately in Pakistan especially North West region of the country the ratio of local disputes are high due to prevailing culture constrain, but fortunately we have a system to resolve these issues with a honorable and dignified manners by Jirga. The way our communities react to crime and wrongdoing may illustrate the kind of society we are. Restorative justice may be a new, but it is also an old idea –a nonviolent approach to crime– that may broaden

our

centuries-old assumptions about crime and punishment, which precede the creation of the state, so we can start our collective journey from the present adversarial criminal justice system towards a restorative one.

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Communities define crime in different ways depending on the context

of their culture and traditions. In Western societies crime may be defined in written codes, so crime would mean the breaking of a law. Native, aboriginal and indigenous communities may define crime from the standing of community harmony, so crime would mean the breaking of relationships. From that point of view, restorative justice is new because it gives an alternative to our present dilemma of dealing with an inadequate system, but it is also old because it connects with the idea of community that guided our ancestors all along. Kay Pranis, one of the circle world famous practitioners argues that when the state

takes over in our name, it undermines our sense of community. This resonates with what we lack now: community belonging and the "we" that must be reclaimed.

Restorative justice is the approach that allows us to see crime from a

different frame, as the breaking of relations, so we can collectively, with all involved in a specific case, address the harm done unto people and take care of their needs, merging obligations with the ideal of personal and societal healing and restoration. The state, within the frame of punishment, returns violence with another type of violence such as fines, detention, community service, imprisonment and even the death penalty; restorative justice dismisses punishment and uses accountability instead. And in doing so, it chooses a nonviolent response because it doesn't purposely intend to inflict pain on the offender. We all can perfectly image the contrasting circumstances if this case would have been dealt with at the court of law: no room for accountability by the neither offender, nor lessons learned of the

effects caused in others by our actions. No space for the victim to know the truth or receive apologies or see the human complexity and potential of an offender. But more than anything, there is no room for

empowerment the participants at all. No room either for the ripple effect of this empowerment to translate itself into a safer community. And certainly, again, just the mentioning of this beautiful word –community! – Evokes so much. The lesson should already have been learned by now: the use of violence only results in more violence. All of us inspired by the human capacity to transcend the facts and heal so that in the aftermath of violence we may be able to create the Beloved Community we all

yearn for, since the Dream is alive in our hearts Introduction: STEP has their core competency in protection & awareness, advocacy and mobilized the local communities’ of district Mardan and Peshawar

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to empower the youth & women through skill enhancement and life skills education. STEP successfully run training and advocacy programme in district Mardan & Peshawar from 2006 till date. The requests came across for innovative & advance programs from the communities. In the context, September 2010, STEP with the consortium of Fatma Welfare Foundation under the financial &

technical assistance of United Development Programme (UNDP) initiated the “Community Based Social Cohesion through Peace building”

the program, completed on December 10 2010. The program focused on

implementing advance, innovative & integrated peace education and conflict resolution interventions through aggressive mobilization. The objective of the intervention was to bring peace and harmony among local people and some innovative and new touch in prevailing

traditional Jirga system. The initiative focused on establishing and training 1

Tehsil Peace Committee at Sub-Division Sumarbagh/ Jandul, nine

Community Peace Committees in each union council of the Sub -Division, preparation of training manual for peace education. 148 identified women & men from local community were trained to enhance their skills in peace building and build their capacities in conflict resolution, besides developing their linkages with the key stakeholders at local and District level. The consortium arrange local level competitions, shows for strengthen the level of tolerance and acceptance, for this purpose sport competitions, Debates/Qirat competition, local handy craft show and exposure visit successfully arraigned.

STEP successfully implemented the program in close coordination with government institutions, donor agency and District management

Project Objectives: To initiate citizenship registry & social cohesion in Samarbagh Sub- Division District Dir Lower through increasing the peace building capacity of the target communities and to influence regional policy act on conflicts at their community source.

Achievements against Objectives:

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No Specific Objective Achievements

Preparation of Training Manual on Peace Education & Conflict Resolution

on the light of RSA.

implemented

PaRRSA

1 TOT Master Trainers capacities of 56 Male & females in peace education & conflict resolution

e trained people cane facilitates any training and awareness programmed in future on peace & conflict resolution

2 Formation of 9 Community Peace Committees (CPC) organized

and Taken into confidence through broad-based

formed 9 CPCs at each union council of the Sub-Division of Sumarbagh/ Jandul of District Lower Dir.

3 Training of 108 Community Peace Committees (CPC) members on

peace & conflict resolution

members on peace & conflict resolution

4 Training of VDOs/CBOs Members Sub -

Division for peace training.

were trained on peace education and conflict resolution

5 Training of Teacher/Head Teacher, Religious leader, local government, elected representative, Police, Lawyer and other inflectional on peace

members for capacity building in the field of peace kipping and conflict resolution

6 Formation of Tehsil Peace Committee committee

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(TCP) formed.

local police department and other line agencies of the district government

7 Training of Tehsil Peace Committee

peace education.

8 Qirat Competition

arranged at different location

local girls school.

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Sport Competition for

the local community and price distribution ceremony

10 Local Handicraft Show The staff arranged an exhibition and coordination meeting of different vendors, outlet & show rooms owner’s private schools owners, social workers, and influential. In exhibition the members of CBO/VDOs displayed their products in which people showed their interest in buying

11 Exposure Visit visit

for the members of TPC to observer the activities of the other area Jarga system.

Project activities; an overview Appointment of Project Personnel: The project positions were filled out under the Step’s HR Policy through a tree member committee in the outset of the Project. Preference was

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given to local community keeping in view the project mandate. The project was design for 180 days but UNDP approved the project for 75 days, STEP hired some additional staff to implement the project on due time Details of the UNDP project team:

S.No

Name Designation

1 Farman Ali Project Coordinator

2 Fasial Ahmad Financ e & Admin Officer

3 Saima Community Mobilizer

4 Shandana Ahmad Community Mobilizer

5 Nazar Gul Community Mobilizer

6 Irfan Khalid Yousafzai Community Mobilizer

7 Kamran Said Master Trainers

8 Asma Rani Master Trainers

9 Zia-ul-Haq Master Trainers

10 Nisar Khan Master Trainers

11 Rabia Hina Master Trainers

12 Naqeeb Ullah Khattak Master Trainers

Orientation / Staff Capacity Building Trainings: As part of the work plan, the Project Coordinator provided the newly engaged staff with extensive briefing and orientation on the UNDP project. The managers of M&E/MIS and CP&D departments of STEP also provided necessary inputs on reporting and community

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mobilization. Overall, integration, community organization, participation, negotiation, teamwork and time management were some of the key aspects on which the training was focused. Additionally, to build the capacity of project staff in themes of peace education, tips on conflict resolution, community mobilization and gender sensitization, STEP arranged high profile master trainers to provide three days for project staff at STEP/ FWF office. The Project Approach: STEP project approach focused on collaborative efforts, building and using local resources, developing linkages with government, non-profit and private institutions, besides strengthening existing government and organization facilities that led to increase in utilization and sustainability. Coordination with Government, line departments & Organizations: STEP staff held a series of meetings with stakeholders working in the target area. Major Stakeholders included NGOs, CBOs, village notables, activists, Social welfare department, Private institutes, police department, religious leaders and district government. STEP strived to work in collaboration with these stakeholders, as working in isolation would have not yielded the desired results Further STEP discussed project framework, beneficiaries and possible ways for getting the help of stakeholders to achieve project goals and objectives. The major partners selected were CBOs, VDOs, and social welfare department including retired government service men. Gaining support from community members: As a best practice developed over the years, STEP organized several introductory meetings with the community members, mainly elders, in selected areas. The purpose of having such community meetings was to identify influential individuals or groups and to seek their support before implementation of peace training program. Reaching-out to community members and their understanding of the program goal played a vital role in implementing

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the “Community Based Social Cohesion through Peace building” project. Meetings with the SHOs of the respective police station were also held to ensure their participation in project activities. Peace & Conflict Resolution through Awareness and Trainings: Provision of awareness and training was the major activity of the Project and lasted for seventy-five days. Initially it was planed for 180s days, but the management of the UNDP re duce the project to 75 five days. STEP/ FWF with the consultation of UNDP hired some additional staff to successfully implement the project in due course of time. STEP ensured provision of trainings in all targeted UCs in an interactive environment with a focus on local and traditional ways, besides improving theoretical concepts related to peace education & conflict resolution. The details of other activities are: Rapid Situational Analyses RSA: Community contacts were the core area of the peace project and team fully concentrate on the participation and coordination of local community for achieving the goals of the project. After the assessment and find out highly sensitize communities regarding the conflicts and resolutions of conflicts, community meetings were held for the project support and for seeking community participation. After having the enough information from the community contacts team starts the FGDs for RSA. For this purpose the staff conducted 12 FGDs in12 villages of the nine Union Councils of Sumarbagh Sub Division. Designing and compilation of manual for training: A training manual was proper on peace education and conflict resolution in the light of RSA result. The manual was tested and gets training to local people on this manual. PDMA/PaRRSA approved the training manual. Formation of Community Peace Committees CPC: The project staff successfully established nine community peace committees in nine union councils of the sub -Division Samarbagh / Jandul. The prime purpose of the formation of CPCs were to resolve local conflicts at local levels and strengthen peace initiatives with the support of government, the name of the UCs as under,

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Monda

Training of Community Peace Committees: STEP/FWF build the capacity of the CPCs members on peace building and conflict resolution, the project staff ensured provision of trainings to all CPCs in an interactive environment with a focus on local and traditional ways, besides improving theoretical concepts related to peace

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education & conflict resolution. The participant shares their views and experience on these regards. The training detail is as under,

Training Venue

UCs wise CPCs for Training

Total Members Train ed

Mayar

Mayer, Sadbar Kakey, Miskini

49

Monda Monda, Main Kakey, Khazana

49

Combat

Samar Bagh, Kambat, Darangal

50

Total 148

Formation & Training of Tehsil Peace Committees TCP: During the project period project Staff established & trained 15 members Tehsil Peace Committee. The TCPs will play a vital role to resolve disputes a vital role to resolve disputes and strengthen peace initiatives at Tehsil level. The TCP will establish contacts with police department and other line agencies for restoration of peace and strengthen harmony at targeted area of Sumarbagh/ at targeted area of Sumarbagh/ Jandul Training of CBOS & VDOs Members: The project staff successfully conducted Six (6) sessions on peace education & conflict resolution for 220 members including 50 female of local CBOs, VDOs and CCBs of the targeted UCs of Samarbagh/ Jandul sub -division, the details are as under,

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Training Venue UC wise participation of VDOs/CBOs for Training sessions

Total Members Trained

Khazana

Khazana

36

Mayer

Mayer & Daranga

47

Kambat

Kambat & Main Kale

40

Samara Baugh

Samar Bagh & Saddburg Kaley

43

Miskini

Miskini

25

Monda

Monda 29

Total 220

TOT on Peace Education & Conflict Resolution: During the period a TOT was arranged for potential activist for peace education and changing agents from all nine UCs of Samarbagh/ Jandul sub-division. Due to importance of the topic the training session extend to two days, in these two days the trainers’ delver the lectures, brainstorming, group work, presentation and activities from participants. The trainers train the trines on Conflict & conflict resolution, Peace, essential for peace, development, form of development, communication & importance of communication in the field of peace education and conflict resolution, total 56 individuals get training including 20 female The criteria for TOT based on mapping exercise for; during this exercise the staff collected information about local VDOs & CBOs who are working in

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development sector in targeted area and other catalyst and social worker. STEP/ FWF are believed that these train people will use their enhanced skills t for peace education & conflict resolutions on multiplayer effects in their local community. Further these trained people work as facilitator for peace in future. Training of Local Community: A series of awareness sessions were arranged for local community members such as, Teacher/Head Teacher, Religious leader, local government representatives, elected representative, Police, Lawyer and other inflectional for sensitization regarding peace & conflict resolution these session were conducted at different places of the targeted UCs total 630 were sensitized on the topic, the detail as under

Training Venue

No’s of sessions

Female

Male Total Members Trained

2

0 83 83

D nga ara 1 0

41

41

Saddburg Kaley

1 0

40 40

Monda 2

34

32

72

Khazana

2 0 76 76

Mayer 2

36

42

78

Kambat 2 0

80

80

Samar Baugh

2 0

81

81

Miskini 2 0 79 79

Total 16 70

554 630

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Sport Competition: Threesportscompetitionswere facilitated at UC Mayar, Samarbagh and Monad of the Samarbagh sub -division, approximately 3500 people participated. The students and players of the targeted area participated enthusiastically; the local community and elites appreciated the events and asked for more events because these activities will strengthen the peace and harmony among the people. The position holder awarded with trophies and cash prizes. Qirat Competition: The staffs successfully arrange Qirat competition in a Government girl’s primary school UC Mayer. The arrangement of the said competition was a challenging task for the field staff, because everyone in the area was reluctant for the competition, the staff work for strong mobilization to arrange the said competition in a successful manner. 15 girls took part in the competition, for judgment a judgment panel form, three girls stood 1 , 2nd & 3rd positions but awards of uniform presented to all 15 girls for their encouragement, total 560 students including 8 staff members attend the event. Speech Competitions: To create awareness among the community about the peace & peace education as well as the Human Rights, in this respect project staff arranged speech competition among the Government and Private Schools of targeted UCs. In this regards the staff visited all the school of Sumarbagh Sub visited all the school of Sumarbagh Sub competition date & the topic of speech competitions, “Need of Peace & Peace Education All the relevant Schools took part in Speech competition. The speech competition has been arranged in Govt. Higher Secondary School Mayer Anodal. The competition attended by the Lemmas, Teachers, Ex- Nazism, Ex-Councilorsand other well-known dignitaries of the community. In the speech competition Oxford Public High School Mayer

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got the first Position, Cambridge Public School second position and Govt. Higher Secondary School got third position. At the end of programme trophies were presented to position holders. Local Handy Craft Show: As per plan STEP/FWF arranged a two days exhibition at Temerghera side by side with TCP training, where the members of CPCs, CBOs and a group of home based workersdisplayedtheir products (Dopathas, Chaders, bedspread, dresses decorated by hand embroidery, hanging items, other item colored by students, fancy candles, bed sheets, pillow cover and lot of decoration pieces). A large number of people including Vendors,influential, school/college teachers etc visited the exhibition. They appreciated the work of vocational students’ efforts and showed keen interest to purchase the products from the stalls. “The show” The purpose of the show was to create market opportunities for the home-based worker who will start their own b usiness in the future Free Medical Camps: During the project period the staffs arrange pre medical camps at Miskini union council where the trained doctors perform general checkups and provide them the best medical care. The community appreciates the pre medical camps and show very positive attitude towards it and also wishes to continue these in feature as the need of medical care and medicines are much higher in these areas. Exposure visits: To broaden the exposure of the participants on the new & traditional ways of peacekeeping and conflict resolution, STEP arrange exposure visit for the participants of the nine TCP’s members. In this visit the members get orientation from District safety commission of Upper Dir District. Monitoring and Supervision

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of Project Activities: During the project period, the project staff regularly visited all training sites to ensure that the process was implemented smoothly and to provide any support in case of short comings. District government Staff also visite training venues to monitor training process. The Project Co-coordinator continuously monitors training in all union councils of the targeted areas. He maintained record of all activities by filling separate monitoring report sheets for every center during his visits. The monitoring staff acutely observed provision and use of training material and group work activities during these visits. Feedback was also obtained from the participants as well as the instructors on the nature, content and practical implemented of the training manual. The PC also provided necessary support and on-the-job assistance, on need basis, to the rainier during their monitoring and supervisory visits. The chairman of STEP & FWF was also made surprise visits to the project area. Sustainability: STEP/FWF has implemented the program in close coordination with UNDP partners, through this program; STEP/FWF built capacities of local trainers, CBOs, VBOs, individuals and influential in the shape of CPCs & TPC. These all concern interties has the root in community and these interties aware about the need of the area in the field of peace and conflict resolution, therefore these all will work for peace in future. Key line agencies are also in contacts with CPCs and TCP Constraint:

Constraint

Remedy

STEP/ FWF design the project activities for 180 days but UNDP approved the project for 75 days.

Due to squeezing of time frame of the project, STEP/ FWF hire some additional staff within approved budget with the consultation of UNDP

Political disharmony in the locality To resolve the issue we hire those staff which locally accepted to all groups, but on merit according to their education and experience

Inadequate communication system The staffs working hard in sense of sharing of information for thisdue to flood purpose the staff come to district headquarter for sharing of

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information & communication to head office through net or phone.

Inadequate communication with UNDP due to shifting

All the given No’s of PTCL of Programme Coordinator/ Programme Coordinator/

Hurdles for female participation in the activities

responding, we can access only to Admin & Finance officer The staff works for strong and effective mobilization of local people regarding female participation in the training sessions & other events. As a result the staff succeeded to some extent, therefore we suggested more activities for female in the targeted areas

Reluctant female for photography In some areas the female reluctant for photography, due to her culture constra in, but due to mobilization and convincing the participant conditionally agreed for photography the condition was photos without facial show

Failover the NADRA facilitation camp for NIC

Due to the fault in NADRA facilitation vehicle the staff unable to p rovide the facilitation camp under the approved plan. The project staff keep close liaison with District NADRA office but due to government lengthy procedure of tendering and approval, the staff fail to arrange the NADRA facilitation camp in due time

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Lesson Learned: From these activities we get a very positive aspect of life that with positive approach and mobilization any changes can be brought in a community or a society. If a community or a society can go from good to worst same as it, it can be diverted from bad to good by a positive approach, advocacy and awareness, the main issue with the community or society is that they have no idea what they r doing and what they should do. For that purpose mobilization is the essential need to make awareness in the community or society to live their lives in a better way and on the right path as when the ratio of jobs opportunities increases the poverty ratio decreases. When the community have essential needs there will be less crimes and peace should be maintain easily and community or a society can be diverted from useless to useful. In china most of the women are home-based workers who perform different tasks from toy making to the local handicrafts and they get paid for it. By doing so the community or society get the source of income to live there lives in a respected manners and the crime ratio automatically decreases, but unfortunately in Pakistan especially North West region of the country poverty ratio is much higher, less education, no proper source of income, less awareness, gender discrimination and less advocacy, so the crime ratio is higher. These crimes can be controlled/minimized by positive approach, mobilization, generate source of income, education and awareness. If we have to bring peace in a community these steps have to be taken. Future Planning: Step’s primary mandate has supporting Children /Adolescents & Women and to support them in livelihoods but alongside the livelihoods challenges in the society itself and the current deteriorated law & order situation in the KPK, STEP has also started rethinking its strategy and modifying its priorities. Consequently, STEP has also started thinking to support other developmental projects in the region. As a part of this strategic shift, STEP is now working towards developing a stronger partnership with the operation & flood affected people of Malakand Division with the support of livelihood & infrastructure projects and keenly interested in the Skill Development

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with market linkages’ of the affected people of Malakand division. With the support of UNDP STEP/FWF made strong linkages with local community and especially peace building elements of the Dir and build their capacity in Peace education & conflict resolution. STEP has the following plans to support the affected people of Malakand Division: Recommendations: 1. Promote social cohesion as a vehicle for conflict resolution and peace in Malakand Division. 2. Restore on-farm & non-farm livelihoods by promoting indigenous livelihood opportunities that reflect community based innovative, best practice in the conflict & flood affected districts Malakand Division. 3. Reactivation of Parents Teacher Committees PTC and ensure community participation in quality of education, campaign in enrolment and for prevention in dropout. 4. Vulnerable children have improved access to quality education in targeted areas 5. Provision of WATSAN, Health and Nutrition facilities in flood and conflict affected areas of Malakand Division.