Nancy Yen-wen Cheng

Building Information Modeling Nancy Yen-wen Cheng, University of Oregon

•  What is BIM? •  Why do we need it? •  How does it work?

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng

What is BIM?

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng What is BIM? A Building Information

Model is a virtual object database shared by AEC partners

-  connects 3D forms to non-graphic attributes (material properties, cost, scheduling and performance information, etc.)

Image courtesy of Revit

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Consistent Information

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Consistent information reduces miscommunication

Slide courtesy of IAI North America

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Benefits throughout the Building Lifecycle

Timo Hartmann & Martin Fischer, Stanford CIFE, 2008

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng

Why do we need BIM?

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Why BIM? Downward Construction Productivity

2004 2008 2012 2014 2018 2022 2024 ….

Paul Teicholtz

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Benefits of BIM compared to previous 2D CAD or paper •  Better: Coordination and clash detection reduces errors •  Cheaper: Efficiency saves money •  Faster: Minimizes redrawing -- Chuck Eastman, Georgia Tech

**

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Benefits of BIM compared to previous 2D CAD or paper •  Better: Coordination and clash detection reduces errors •  Cheaper: Efficiency saves money •  Faster: Minimizes redrawing -- Chuck Eastman, Georgia Tech

ArchiCad

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Why BIM? Islands of Automation in Construction

Slide courtesy of Matti Hannus, VTT

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng

Litigation Phase

SD DD CDs Construction

Ability

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Time Slide courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, IAI International

Traditional Design Decisions

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng

Litigation Phase

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Time SD DD CDs Construction

Earlier Design Decisions with BIM / IP

Ability

Slide courtesy of Patrick MacLeamy, IAI International

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Benefits for Sustainability Facilitates •  Integrated practice •  More seamless performance modeling •  Post-occupancy monitoring & responsiveness

Image courtesy of Turner Construction

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Sustainability requires integrated practice •  More stakeholders involved in design earlier •  Shared risk & rewards: Your success depends of success of others –Michael Hricak •  Cultural Transformation needed. New tools don’t change thinking or processes — The Toyota Way by Jeffrey K. Liker

Image courtesy of Green Building Services

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Integrated Practice •  One aspect affects all others. Adding mass for a thermal flywheel effect would

have triggered a seismic upgrade. As soon as you did something to the flooring, suddenly it wasn't just that cost, but it was the next cost, the next cost. So that was the early design process: dead end, let's back up, let's go this way, try again."

- Mark Heizer, Interface Engineering

Diana Fischetti

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng

How does BIM work?

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Interoperability •  Get the right kind of information to the right people.

-- Michael Hricak, USC

Image courtesy of Victor Várkonyi, Graphisoft

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Interoperability •  Changes to Architectural design changes Structural view

•  Industry Foundation Classes provide a common exchange language (driven by the Building Smart Alliance, formerly International Alliance for Interoperability)

Image courtesy of Victor Várkonyi, Graphisoft

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Level of Detail •  Model complexity should support each phase of development

Onuma Inc.

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng BIM works at all scales Geographic Information Systems (GIS) coordinating with building

scale models through GeoSpatial Consorium

Image courtesy of Geospatial Consotium, Onuma, Inc., Portland Maps

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng BIM works at all scales Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

coordinating with building scale through GeoSpatial Consorium

Images courtesy of Onuma, Inc.

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng BIM & Energy Analysis

** Slide courtesy of Phil Bernstein, Steven Brittan, Mark Dietrick, Rick Huibregts

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng BIM & Analysis •  From simplified zone analysis to room-based analysis

Core

Perimeter

Image courtesy of Christine Clevenger, Stanford CIFE

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Performance-based design •  Round trip from model to analysis to reshaping the model

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng BIM & Analysis software

Images by BuildingGreen.com & Autodesk

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Form & Performance •  Solar radiation mapped onto form SOM’s Pearl River Tower uses PV and

wind turbines

Slide courtesy of SOM, Ecotect

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Shadow Casting •  Burt Hill Architects' Parkway 22 condominium complex in Philadelphia

Slide courtesy of Phil Bernstein, Steven Brittan, Mark Dietrick, Rick Huibregts

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Shadow Casting •  Burt Hill Architects' Parkway 22 condominium complex in Philadelphia

Slide courtesy of Phil Bernstein, Steven Brittan, Mark Dietrick, Rick Huibregts

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Parametric •  Parameter = variable (i.e. dimension or count)

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Parametric modeling

•  Adjustable form with Bentley’s Generative Components

Images by Wilson Chang, Simon Frazier University

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Modeling to Fabrication

•  Adjustable form with Bentley’s Generative Components

Images by Wilson Chang, Simon Frazier University

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Construction visualization •  See Stanford CIFE’s Virtual Design and Construction

Slide courtesy of Washington DOT

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng BIM in the Construction Industry

Slide courtesy of Martin Fischer, Stanford CIFE

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Form and Performance •  Graphic feedback: Deviation map obtained by mapping laser scan

data collected during construction onto 3D design model

Slide courtesy of Dr. Burcu Akinci, Carnegie Mellon University

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Facilities Management •  4D Modeling, GSA

Slide courtesy of Caroline Clevenger

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Building Information Networks •  Building dashboard by Lucid Design Group

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Building Information Networks •  Operations, Services via Online connections

Slide courtesy of Phil Bernstein, Steven Brittan, Mark Dietrick, Rick Huibregts

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng What matters?

From McGrawHill The Business Value of BIM,

SmartMarket Report, 2009, www.bim.construction.com

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Benefits of BIM

From McGrawHill The Business Value of BIM,

SmartMarket Report, 2009, www.bim.construction.com

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Benefits of BIM

Evidence •  20-30% higher productivity in the field •  reduction of Requests for Information (RFI) & Change

Orders (CO) by a factor of ten or more, •  higher engagement of all stakeholders (~70% positive in

2007 survey) •  consideration of more design options from more

perspectives --Martin Fischer, Stanford Center for Integrated Facility

Engineering (CIFE)

BIM •  Reduces redundancy & errors •  Provides visual communication •  Facilitates adjustable Form with Performance

Onuma, Inc.

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Summary

Caveat •  Don’t mistake change for innovation. •  With computers, bad design can happen really fast.

— Michael Hricak

Slide courtesy of Onuma, Inc.

Nancy Yen-wen Cheng Summary Sustainable Design requires Integrated Practice

–  Engage stakeholders early –  Share risks & rewards

BIM supports the full building life-cycle BIM: Building Investigation Model BAM: Building Assembly Model BOOM: Building Operation Optimization Model -- Patrick MacLeamy, HOK

Slide courtesy of CH2MHill

nywc@uoregon.edu Nancy Yen-wen Cheng