bsbpmg507a manage project communications change management change is when events occur that result...

BSBPMG507A Manage Project Communications

Change Management

• Change is when events occur that result in our normal environments being altered, varied or substituted. This in turn, requires us to do something differently.

• Change is constant and with us all the time

• Change varies in degree from a minor irritation to something with major impacts

• Change Management is the process of initiating, implementing and embedding change


Projects and Change

• All projects cause change

• Project Management and Change Management are closely aligned

• Communication Plans and Human Resource Plans often include sections related to Change Management

Projects Change


Change Management Phases

1. Preparing for change - Ending

2. Managing change - Transition

3. Reinforcing change - Beginning

• These can be incorporated into a project’s phases to improve the chance of success

Prosci’s Change Management Methodology


• The change process is the progression from endings, through transitions to beginnings

Stages of Change

Endings Transitions Beginnings• When change occurs,

some things come to an end or things are done differently. These endings can be painful and confusing

• People must come to terms with these feelings before they can move on.

• If people are not able to let go of the past, they will take unnecessary “emotional baggage” into the new situation

• It is a time of keen awareness of what is ending and what is beginning

• People are vulnerable and need support networks to help them move forward.

• This is the time for sorting out and getting the right emotional and attitudinal responses for success in the new situation.

• People are now feeling good about the change and positive about the future

• True acceptance of the change can take place because uncertainty should have ended, you are now comfortable with your surroundings


Commitment Curve

Awareness

Understanding

Buy In

Commitment

I have heard aboutthis change

This change is going to have an effect on us in some way

This change is supposed to deliver increased performance by altering X and allowing us to do Y

We have to get this change in place and working as its critical to our business strategy

Time

Contact

It’s what I do everyday and its just part of my daily role

Co

mm

itm

en

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• It represents the typical progression of a population of people as they undergo a change. Progression up the curve is far from guaranteed and often stops at Understanding.


.

Endings Neutral Zone Beginnings

Commitment

AccomplishmentHigh Energy

Learning

Ambivalence

Unsure

Relief

Creativity

Innovation

AnxietyResistance

Confusion

Scepticism

Creativity

Innovation

AnxietyResistance

Confusion

ScepticismDenial

Uncertainty

Excitement

Confusion

ReservationFrustration

Anticipation

Depression

Anger

Exploration

Transitions

Time

Transition process of change

• The aim is to get the project team and stakeholders through the transition period with a positive or accepting attitude


• When change comes people often don’t like it and may not feel good

• Resistance can block change unless people learn from it

• Resistance provides information which can help change move forward in a positive direction

• For this to happen you must learn to engage resistance and be energised by it

• Similar impacts to conflict, can be both positive and negative

• How you resolve and manage the resistance factors will determine the success, or not, of the end result

Resistance to Change


Resistance Factors

1. Loss of Control Many individuals feel resentful when change is imposed on them A sense of control is essential for the self esteem of most people Imposed change can remove this sense of control, leading to stress

and an attempt to reassert control by overt or covert sabotage

2. Fear of the Unknown When the future state is unknown, fear and subsequent resistance

can be generated This is a particular problem in Transformational Change or very

large projects, where the change is so extreme or complex that most people are unable to see their own personal future state

Not unreasonably this can lead to unwillingness to change

3. Self Doubt In some cases individuals fear they wont be able to learn skills, or

conduct tasks as required in the new model can lead to resistance


Resistance Factors

4. Unexpected Change People react negatively almost instinctively when decisions or

demands are placed upon them without any forewarning or chance for preparation

An individual who has had no time to think through their reaction will almost certainly react negatively and resist change.

5. Force of Habit Many people are habitual in their nature and resent any break to

this routine Change disrupt routines, causing insecurity and hence resistance

6. Ego If something is to be changed, that implies the way it was done by

before by the people doing it was wrong or inferior A surprising amount of resistance faced by change agents is due

to this.


Resistance Factors

7. Chaos Theory Changes occurring in a professional environment can have an

impact on a people’s personal life. Examples of this might be changes in location, work colleagues who

are personal friends etc.

8. Increased Work Load The implementation of change, and the actual change itself can lead

to increased workloads. An unwillingness or a simple physical inability to increase a

workload can be a cause of resistance

9. History A history of failed changes, or simple exhaustion from constant

change (often known as change fatique) can cause resistance.


Is Is NotInevitable Necessarily logical

A natural function of change A sign of disloyalty

Manageable Something to overcome or combat

An attempt to protect the individual point of view

Aimed at an individual or to be taken personally

A sign that something important has been found

Designed to discredit your competence

A sign that the potential for change exists Indicative of poor performance

A sign of controlling the change process A sign that the change process is out of control

A learning process

Characteristics of Resistance


Consequences of Not Changing

• If the change is critical to the success of the project then people who continue to resist may suffer the following –

Increased personal stress

Reduced results and job performance

Reduced effectiveness

Reduced efficiency

Reduced job satisfaction

Illness and absenteeism

May be forced to leave

May elect to leave

bsbpmg507a manage project communications change management change is when events occur that result...

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