Black Sea Basin Joint Operational Programme 2007-2013

BSBEEP Black Sea Buildings Energy Efficiency Plan

GA2: Preparation and implementation – Analysis of internal current situation

Activity GA2.1

Energy study of the Municipality of Mykolayiv, Ukraine

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The sole responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Communities. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information

contained therein.

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Black Sea Buildings Energy Efficiency Plan

(BSBEEP)

Black Sea Basin Joint Operational Programme 2007-2013 Black Sea Buildings Energy Efficiency Plan (BSBEEP) project aims at the establishment of strong regional partnerships and cooperation schemes in Black Sea area through the reinforcement of administrative capacities of local authorities and bodies in a very crucial sector (energy efficiency in buildings) having major environmental and economic impacts locally and globally. The ultimate goal is to achieve change in the way they treating energy for buildings; facilitating change in the way local societies are acting. Furthermore, the project focuses on the establishment of a knowledge and experience exchange network aiming at the promotion of buildings energy efficiency. The network will engage a wide spectrum of organizations such as local and regional authorities, universities and research centres and NGOs which will help promoting energy efficiency in buildings at local and regional level. Meanwhile it will focus on raising awareness and mobilising private sector and leverage funds to support future initiatives. Ten partners are partirticipating in the BSBEEP Project from six different countries; Municipality of Kavala (GR), Municipality of Galati (RO), Municipality of Cahul (MD), Municipality of Mykolayiv (UA), Municipality of Samsun (TR), Municipality of Tekirdag (TR), Democritus University of Thrace (GR), University Dunarea de Jos of Galati (RO), American University of Armenia (AM) and Renewable Resources and Energy Efficiency Fund (AM). More details about BSBEEP Project are available on its website: www.bsbeep.com.

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Table of Contents 1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………............... 5 1.1 General description.....…………………………………………………………... 5 1.2 The demographic situation...……………………………………………………. 8 1.3 Social and economical aspects…………………………………………………. 9 1.4 Education…………..……………………………….....................………………. 10 1.5 Climate……………………….……………………………………………………. 11 1.6 Environmental issues..…….…………………………………………………….. 112 Municipality housing.............………………………………………………………….. 14 2.1 Introduction……………………..…………………………………………………. 14 2.2 Characteristics of residential and public buildings in Mykolayiv..…………… 193 Energy profile of Municipality…..…………………………………………………….. 26 3.1 Energy production…..………..…………………………………………………... 26 3.2 Energy mix and energy consumption.…………………………………………. 26 3.3 Energy analysis per fuel type...………………………………………………… 31 3.3.1 Electricity………………………………………………………………. 31 3.3.2 Heating oil……………………………………………………………... 31 3.3.3 Wood……..……………………………………………………………. 31 3.3.4 Natural gas.................................................................................... 31 3.3.5 Coal............................................................................................... 31 3.3.6 Other fuel types…….…………………………………………………. 31 3.4 Energy analysis per sector…………………….………………………………… 32 3.5 Summary of energy analysis....…………………………………………………. 364 Energy municipal buildings analysis……………………………………………….. 37 4.1 Introduction…………..………..…………………………………………………. 37 4.2 Energy analysis per fuel type...………………………………………………… 37 4.2.1 Electricity………………………………………………………………. 37 4.2.2 Thermal energy.............................................................................. 41 4.2.3 Natural Gas …………………………………………………………... 45 4.2.4 Coal.……..…………………………………………………………….. 47 4.2.5 Other.............................................................................................. 485 Screening energy audits…………….………………………………………………… 49 5.1 Select evaluation targets……..…………………………………………………. 49 5.2 Target analysis………………...….……………………………………………… 50 5.2.1 General information….………………………………………………. 50 5.2.2 Assumptions.…………………………………………………………. 52 5.2.3 The results of thermal imaging surveys of some of the buildings

of the educational system in Mykolayiv......................................... 53 5.2.4 The results of the thermal imaging survey of some high-rise

residential buildings in Mykolayiv..………………………………….. 59 5.2.5 Energy audit results....................................................................... 666 Conclusions……………………………………………………………………………… 70References……………………………………………………………………………………. 71Annex A………………………………………………………………………………………. 73Annex B……………………………………………………………………………………….. 117

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1. Introduction This chapter presents the general characteristics of Mykolayiv, the main social, economic, demographic, climatic information and also the statistic data, which are necessary for the research. 1.1 General description. The city of Mykolayiv is situated in the south of Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Mykolayiv Oblast in Ukraine. Mykolayiv is located at the distance of 490 km to the south-east from Kyiv (the capital of Ukraine), 120 km to the north-east from Odessa, 60 km to the north from the Black Sea (see Fig. 1)

Figure 1. The location of the city of Mykolayiv on the map of Ukraine. Mykolayiv was founded in 1789 at the confluence of the South Bug and the Ingul. The 27th of April, 1789, is the date of its official foundation. St. Mykolay, sailors’ patron, was chosen to name the city. During the whole period of its existence it was completely dependent on shipbuilding and navy support. The headquarters of the Black Sea Navy was located here for almost 100 years. The challenge for the rapid development of the city and the oblast relates to setting up the sea commercial port in 1862. At the end of the 19th century Mykolayiv port occupied the third place (St. Petersburg occupying the 1st place and Odessa – the 2nd place) as far as the rate of foreign trade is concerned.

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Moreover, it occupied the 1st place in grain trading, the steppe provinces being its main suppliers. For a comparatively short period, the city changed radically from a small shipyard to a significant industrial, business, political and cultural centre in the south of Ukraine. The shipyards built more than two thousand naval ships: frigates, battleships, destroyers, submarines, etc. At present Mykolayiv is a developed industrial city in the south of Ukraine. The industrial enterprises of the city provide up to 50 per cent of the volume of shipbuilding production in Ukraine, over 90 per cent of the state production of gas turbines, 80 per cent of alumina, the raw material for aluminium production. The general area of the city is 25.3 thousand hectares (1.1% of the oblast’s total territory). There are 810 streets in the city of Mykolayiv. The total length of the streets and embankments is 960 km. The total length of the roads is 834.9 km, including those with hard pavement – 644.6 km and ground pavement – 190.3 km. The city road ways are connected by means of two bridges across the Southern Bug and the Ingul, one flyover in Shiroka Balka and Alyaud river crossing. The city was built according to the special plan: straight streets and blocks of regular shape. The general view of the city is shown in Fig 2.

Figure 2. The general view of the city

The city of Mykolayiv is divided into administrative and territorial units, i.e. administrative districts with their own names, territories and boundaries. They were set up for more convenient servicing of the city property and nature complexes. Their boundaries, shapes and dimensions were determined taking into account their

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historical, geographical and city-building specific characteristics, population, economic varieties, availability of engineering infrastructure and the state of the city environment. Every district is divided into micro districts which are determined in accordance with the social and city-building characteristics. The city plan is shown in Fig 3.

Figure 3. The city plan

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1.2 The demographic situation For the 1st of January, 2014 the population of the city of Mykolayiv was 494.8 thousand people (42.4% of the oblast population). The density of population was 1956 persons/sq.km. The average age of the population was 41.2 years. The demographic situation in the city is characterized by the gradual decrease of its population (see Table 1). The existing rates of birth and mortality do not promote the population reproduction. The changes in the age structure of the population demonstrate its aging. It is observed that the younger able-bodied part of the population is reduced and the older part of the population is increased.

Table 1. The number of the existing population [1]

Year Total population

thousand

1993 539.5

1994 538.2

1995 533.8

1996 531.3

1997 528.5

1998 526

1999 522.8

2000 520

2001 516.4

2002 514.1

2003 511.5

2004 509.7

2005 509

2006 508.4

2007 507.4

2008 506.4

2009 504.3

2010 501.2

2011 498.7

2012 497

2013 496.2

During the period from January to June 2014, the number of population was decreased by 701 persons. The decrease is caused by natural reasons – 1049 persons, at the same time the migration increase of 348 persons is registered. It is registered that the number of dead people surpass the number of newborns: 100 to 68. The gender composition of the population is shown in Table 2, the distribution of the constant population in accordance with sex and age in 2013 is shown in Table 3.

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Table 2. The gender population of the city of Mykolayiv [1]

2002 2006 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Males 45.7 45.4 45.2 45.3 45.2 45.2 45.3

Females 54.3 54.6 54.8 54.7 54.8 54.8 54.7

Table 3. The distribution of the constant population according to sex and age

in 2013 [1]

The number The total number %

males females males females The whole population

222669 269024 100 100

including their age

up to 1 2422 2219 1.1 0.8 1–4 9707 8780 4.4 3.3 5–9 10801 10102 4.9 3.8

10–14 8858 8453 4 3.1 15–19 11766 11182 5.3 4.2 20–24 16981 16856 7.6 6.3 25–29 22700 23278 10.2 8.7 30–34 21304 21576 9.6 8 35–39 18314 19242 8.2 7.2 40–44 15988 17948 7.2 6.7 45–49 14678 18407 6.6 6.8 50–54 16078 21392 7.2 7.9 55–59 14566 21046 6.5 7.8 60–64 13440 19945 6 7.4 65–69 7390 12220 3.3 4.5

70 and older 17676 36378 7.9 13.5 1.3 Social and economic aspects There is the developed industry in the city of Mykolayiv. In the structure of the industrial production realized 79.2% relates to processing industries, 20.1% – electrical power, gas, steam and conditioned air supplied. The greater part in the volume is accounted to metallurgical production (30.1%), machine-building (24.5%), food and drink production (13.1%). More than 50% of the total production realized in Mykolayiv has been produced by two enterprises “Mykolayiv Alumina Refinery” Ltd and “Zorya–Mashproekt” State Enterprise. The statistical data manifest to the fact that the city enterprises in 2013 realized goods

and services for 11744.3 million UAH (1468 million $), the amount being 54.3% in the total production realization in the whole oblast. The city is crossed by Euro-Asia International Transport Corridor (Odessa – Mykolayiv – Kherson – Djankoy – Kerch) and the Transport Corridor of the Black Sea Economic

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Cooperation (Reni – Izmail – Odessa - Mykolayiv – Kherson – Melitopol – Berdyansk – Mariupol - Novoazovsk). Three sea and one river ports are functioning in the city: Mykolayiv State Enterprise “Mykolayiv Sea Commercial Port”; “Oktyabrsk” Specailised Sea Port; “NIKA-TERA”, Marine Specialised port Ltd; the “Mykolayiv River Port” State Enterprise, Ukrrichflot Company. The total number of the workers and employees hired and the fund of salaries are shown in Table 4. The average monthly salary in Mykolayiv in 2013 was 3220.43 UAH (~400$).

Table 4. The total number of workers and employees hired and their payroll [1]

2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

The average number of hired workers registered, thousand.

140.4 140.7 140.9 130.9 130.6 127.5 128.9

The average number of all workers equivalent to the whole employment, thousand.

139.8 141.8 141.7 127 128 126 126.2

Payroll of the workers on the staff, million UAH.

1450.3 2246.4 2985.5 3098.1 3546.2 3946.5 4552.5

Among the most serious social problems there are low salaries, unemployment and their consequence – departure of the able-bodied population to other regions. 1.4 Education 150 educational establishments are functioning in the city; they are subordinated to the Department of Education in Mykolayiv City Council, including: – schools of general education, lyceums, gymnasiums, collegiums – 68; – evening schools – 3; – pre-schools – 71; – non-school educational establishments – 7; – specialized schools for children with bad eyesight – 1. The infrastructure includes the Building of Teachers. Besides, there are 15 private and departmental educational establishments. There are also 10 higher schools, some of them are well-known in Ukraine and abroad: the National University of Shipbuilding after Admiral Makarov (trains specialists of contemporary shipbuilding specialities), its diploma being recognized in the USA, Germany and many other countries, Mykolayiv National University after V.O. Sukhomlinsky, Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Petro Mohyla Black Sea State University, Southern Slavonic Institute of Kyiv Slavistic University, Mykolayiv Branch of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Mykolayiv Educational Centre of Odessa National Law Academy, Mykolayiv Interregional Institute of Human Development “The

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Open International University “Ukraina”, Mykolayiv Branch of the Private Higher School “European University”, Mykolayiv Polytechnical Institute. The educational level is presented by the following: – complete higher education – 18.9%; – basic higher education – 0.8%; – non-complete higher education – 20.4%; – complete secondary education – 35.4%; – basic secondary education– 12.9%; – primary general education – 10.3%. 1.5 Climate There is the continental, temperately dry climate, the average air temperature is + 10 °С. There is durable, hot, small rain summer, short warm autumn, short small snow winter, early short, warm spring. The average air temperature in January is –2.5 °С, in June +23.9 °С. The absolute maximum being +40.1 °С, the absolute minimum –30 °С. The dry-warm period diagram of Mykolayiv is presented in Figure 4.

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Rai

nfa

ll (i

n m

m)

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Tem

per

atu

re (

in C

)

Average monthly rainfall Average monthly temperature

Figure 4. Dry-warm period diagram 1.6 Environmental issues Due to the absence of enterprises of metallurgical, chemical and coal industries inside the city, which account for high levels of hazardous exhausts, Mykolayiv is not considered the polluted region, transport being considered the main air polluter. The main indicators of the state of atmospheric air in Mykolayiv for the first half of 2014 are shown in Table 5; the total indicators of the exhausts of polluting substances and coal dioxide to atmospheric air are shown in Table 6. The structure of the exhausts of polluting substances from the stationary sources of pollution is shown in Fig 5 according to the types of economic activities in 2012.

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Table 5. The main indicators of the state of atmospheric air in Mykolayiv in the first half of 2014 [2]

Polluting substances

Concentration mg/m3

Average monthly concentration of polluting substances in atmospheric air in 2014, mg/m3

January February March April May June

Dust 0.15 0.06 0.03-0.13

0.04-0.13

0.04-0.11

0.07 0.07

Sulphur dioxide

0.05 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.003

Coal oxide 3 0.2-1.0 0.4-1.1 0.4-1.4 0.4-1.5 0.5-1.3 0.5-1.3

Nitrogen dioxide

0.04 0.05-0.06

0.06 0.06 0.04-0.06

0.05-0.06

0.05-0.06

Nitrogen oxide 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01

Fluoric hydrogen

0.005 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.003

Formaldehyde 0.003 0.007-0.011

0.008-0.015

0.007-0.014

0.010-0.018

0.011-0.020

0.009-0.017

Table 6. The total indicators of the exhausts of the polluting substance and coal dioxide

to atmospheric air according to a number of years [1]

2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Exhausts of

polluting substances to the air – total

24704 31035 36914 37464 32359 37359 35303

With stationary sources of pollution

5650 6459 7048 9132 5916 8181 7593

including sulphur dioxide 315 244 84 1946 115 79 59 nitrogen dioxide 1617 1799 1504 1777 1545 1558 1261

coal oxide 2174 876 922 886 936 936 845 methane 61 648 1790 1453 342 2898 3047

non-methane volatile organic

compounds 197 638 633 723 677 620 453

soot 1148 1981 14 79 18 4 4 With movable

sources of pollution

19054 24576 29866 28332 26443 29178 27710

including sulphur dioxide 86 225 407 401 395 431 403 nitrogen dioxide 1156 3123 4896 4644 4495 4957 4650

coal oxide 15123 17601 20846 19714 18244 20108 19175 methane 2609 3257 90 86 79 87 83

non-methane volatile organic

compounds … 124 3088 2959 2713 3028 2851

soot 80 246 476 470 461 506 490

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7,4%6,7%

2,1%

37,9%

44,6%

1,3%

Gas, water and electrical power production and distribution Processing industry

Transport and communication Agriculture, hunting and the related services

Civil engineering Other types of economic activity

Figure 5. The structure of the exhausts of polluting substances from the stationary sources of pollution according to the types of economic activities in 2012 [1]

The water bodies in Mykolayiv (the Ingul, the Southern Bug and the Dniepre–Bug Estuary) are characterized by a considerable antropogenic load. The state of the water resources is controlled by means of 20 indicators. It is periodically registered that there are exceedence of the maximum permissible concentrations of oil products, phenols and nitrides. The data on the radiation level in Mykolayiv is shown in Table 7.

Table 7. Radiation level in Mykolayiv in 2014 [3] Month Radiation level in Mykolayiv, mR/hr.

January 0.009 – 0.016 February 0.009 – 0.015

March 0.010 – 0.015 April 0.010 – 0.017 May 0.009 – 0.015 June 0.009 – 0.015

The Oblast Hydrometeorological Center is responsible for monitoring the environmental state.

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2. Municipal housing 2.1 Introduction The consumption of energy resources in housing and communal services of Ukraine compared with European countries is rather high. This is caused by the lack of financial capacity of the state to support thermomodernization public buildings and municipal engineering, and also is a consequence of the low incomes of the population, which do not promote thermomodernization of private housing. Housing and communal services Ukraine consumes about 70 million tons of coal equivalent, which is about 30% of the total fuel consumption in Ukraine. Each year, the industry consumes electricity – about 10.0 billion kW·h, natural gas – about 14.0 billion m3, coal – about 1.5 million tons. Alternative and renewable energy is 0.87 million tons of coal equivalent. On January 1, 2014 there was 1.0966 billion m2 of floor area, of which 63.8% (700.1 million m2) in urban areas. Much of the housing stock (98.2%) was placed in residential buildings. The area of hostels and living spaces in non-residential buildings in the total housing stock was 1.8% (19.6 million m2). The total number of apartments in Ukraine was 19.4 million. According to the number of rooms the apartments are distributed as follows: 19.3% – one-room, 37.0% – two-room, 32.8% – three-room, 10.9% – four or more rooms. On January 1, 2014 the housing fund totaled 10,176.1 thousand buildings, of which 9.5 thousand are hostels [4]. The structure of housing property on 01.01.2011 is shown in Figure 6, the distribution of the number of residential buildings according to the year of construction on 1.01.2011 is shown in Fig.7 and the distribution of area of residential buildings according to the year of construction on 1.01.2011 is shown in Fig.8. In 240 thousand blocks of flats, 21719 thousand residents live. Their total area is 464 million m2. In 6.5 million private houses, 23913 thousand residents live. Their total area is 622 million m2 [6].

97,60%

2,20% 0,20%

state

municipal

private

Figure 6. The structure housing property in Ukraine on 01.01.2011. [5]

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25,10%

24,10%16,20%

10,80%7,40%4,60%

11,80%

before 1919

1919-1945

1946-1960

1961-1970

1971-1980

1981-1990

1991 and later

Figure 7. Distribution of the number of residential buildings according to the year of construction on 01.01.2011. [5]

22,00%27,00%

13,00%

15,00%

16,00%7,00%

before 1961

1961-1970

1971-1980

1981-1990

1991-2000

2001-2011

Figure 8. Distribution of area of residential buildings according to the year of

construction on 01.01.2011. [7]

According to the level of thermal insulation, buildings and structures can be distributed as follows [8]: - Residential buildings and public buildings built before 1996 with thermal resistance of external walls 0.6...0.8 m2·K/W, coverings and roofs 0.9...1.1 m2·K/W, windows – 0.32...0.4 m2·K/W; - Residential buildings and public buildings built from 1996 to 2008, in the temperature zone of Mykolayiv, have thermal resistance of external walls 1.4...2.2 m2·K/W, coverings and roofs 2.4 m2·K/W, windows 0.38...0.42 m2·K/W; - Residential buildings and public buildings built from 2008 to 2013, in the temperature zone of Mykolayiv, have thermal resistance of external walls 2.2 m2·K/W, coverings and roofs 2.6...3.9 m2·K/W, windows 0.5 m2·K/W.

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On July 1, 2013 Change №1 to ДБН B.2.6-31: 2006 "Thermal insulation of buildings" was introduced that sets higher value of resistance to heat transfer enclosure of residential and public buildings (see Table 8) and reduced the regulatory maximum of heat consumption of apartments and public buildings (see Table 9). This normative document also modified the schematic map of the temperature zones in Ukraine, according to which Mykolayiv is situated in the second temperature zone (see Figure 9).

Table 8. Minimum allowable value of resistance to heat transfer of the enclosure of housing and public buildings [9]

№ Type of enclosure

The minimum allowable value of resistance to heat transfer, m2 K/W

for the temperature zone І ІІ

1 Exterior walls 3.3 2.8 2 Combined coverage 5.35 4.9 3 Attic coverage and overlap unheated attics 4.95 4.5 4 Overlap of passages and unheated

basements 3.75 3.3

5 Translucent covering structures 0.75 0.6 6 Front doors of apartment houses and public

buildings 0.5 0.45

7 Entrance doors in low-rise buildings and apartments located on the first floor of multistoried buildings

0.65 0.6

Figure 9. Schematic map of the temperature zones of Ukraine (Zone I – more than 3501

degree-days, Zone II – less than 3500 degree-days) [9]

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Table 9. Statutory maximum heat consumption of residential and public buildings [9]

Purpose of a building

Statutory maximum heat consumption, kW·h / m2 [kW·h / m3] for the temperature

zone of Ukraine І ІІ

1 2 3 4

1

Houses floors: 1 600×Fh

-¼ 500×Fh-¼

2 to 3 470×Fh-¼ 400×Fh

-¼ 4 to 9 55 48 10 to 16 48 42 17 to 24 43 38 25 or more 40 35

2

Public buildings and structures other than groups of buildings of 3-6 storeys:

1 to 3 [230×Vh-⅓] [200×Vh

-⅓] 4 to 9 [15] [13] 10 to 16 [14] [12] 17 to 24 [13] [11] 25 or more [12] [11]

3 Schools buildings and structures [31] [28]

4 Kindergarten buildings and structures

[36] [33]

5 Healthcare [47] [42] 6 Trading companies [15] [12] 7 Hotels 51 44

Note: Fh – heated area of a residential house, m2; Vh – heating capacity of a public building or structure, m3.

The assessment of heat losses in residential and public buildings according to different years of construction is given in Table 10 [8]. Control heat consumption for heating of public buildings in Mykolayiv region according to different years of construction is shown in Tables 11 and 12.

Table 10. Structure of the losses of heat in residential and public buildings according to different years of construction [8]

Description of a house

Heat loss through the building elements in% of total heat loss

opaque walls

transparent design

roof socle ceiling

air exchange

Built before1995 39 21 4 1 35

Built in 1996–2006, walls of: RS = 1,6 m2·K/W

27 24 4 1 44

RS = 2,0 m2·K/W 23 26 4 1 46

Built since 2007 20 24 2 1 53

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Table 11. Control heat consumption for heating of public buildings in Mykolayiv Region

in GJ/(m3·year) [denominator - Gcal / (m3·year)] for the heating season [10] Buildings Volume of buildings

(external measurements), thousand m3

Constructions before 1980 from 1981 to

2000 Administrative Up to 5 0.150

0.036 5 – 10 0.130

0.031 10 – 15 0.119

0.029 More than 15 0.109

0.026 Clubs Up to 5 0.111

0.027 0.119 0.028

5 – 10 0.100 0.024

0.104 0.025

More than 10 0.089 0.021

0.093 0.022

Kindergartens and nurseries

Up to 5 0.147 0.035

0.155 0.037

More than 5 0.130 0.031

0.147 0.035

Schools Up to 5 0.133 0.032

0.143 0.034

5 – 10 0.119 0.029

0.130 0.031

More than 10 0.113 0.027

0.119 0.029

Educational institutions (universities, colleges, vocational schools)

Up to 10 0.119 0.029

0.126 0.030

10 – 15 0.113 0.027

0.116 0.028

15 – 20 0.102 0.024

0.106 0.025

More than 20 0.082 0.020

0.092 0.022

Libraries Up to 5 0.154 0.037

More than 5 0.119 0.029

Hospitals, medical centers and clinics

Up to 5 0.154 0.037

5 – 10 0.135 0.032

10 – 15 0.121 0.029

More than 15 0.112 0.027

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Table 12. Standard heat consumption for heating of public buildings in Mykolayiv

region, built from 2000 to 2007, GJ / (m2year) [denominator Gcal / (m2year)], the heating period [10]

Buildings Number of storeys 1 2 3 4 > 4

R&D public, administrative buildings

– 0.34 0.081

0.31 0.074

0.29 0.069

0.28 0.067

Clubs, galleries, libraries, exhibition halls

0.31 0.074

Communication departments 0.34 0.081

0.32 0.076

– – –

Kindergartens and nurseries 0.45 0.107

0.43 0.103

0.38 0.091

– –

Educational institutions (higher schools, secondary schools, vocational schools)

0.27 0.064

0.23 0.055

0.20 0.048

0.18 0.043

–

Polyclinics, dispensaries – 0.32 0.076

0.29 0.069

0.28 0.067

0.27 0.064

Cinema houses 0.25 0.06

Clinics, maternity homes, hospitals, treating, sanatorium building

– 0.40 0.096

0.36 0.086

0.34 0.081

0.32 0.076

Buildings of social protection, boarding houses

0.43 0.103

0.41 0.098

0.38 0.091

0.36 0.086

0.32 0.076

Consumer service establishments (except laundries)

0.34 0.081

0.32 0.076

0.31 0.074

0.29 0.069

–

Covered physical culture and sport buildings of different number of storeys

One-gym Multi-gym 0.29

0.069 0.31

0.074

Notes: 1 Heat consumption rates calculated according to Changes №1 SNIP 2.04.05.91 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning". 2 Benchmarks should be taken with coefficients 1.1 – for construction of external walls of sandwich panels and porous concrete; 1.15 – for buildings with walls of brick and large blocks.  

2.2 Characteristics of residential and public buildings in Mykolayiv The problems and shortcomings of Mykolayiv housing and communal fund in terms of energy efficiency are the same as in other cities of Ukraine. The data on the total area of housing in Mykolayiv and the average area per capita are presented in Table 13. The number of residential buildings, apartments and their characteristics are presented in Table 14. The characteristics of engineering equipment of housing in Mykolayiv are shown in Table 15. The distribution of housing stock according to their types is shown in Table 16. In the city of Mykolayiv the number of condominiums is 262, constituting the total area of 1037.3 thousand m2, housing cooperatives – 20 buildings with the total area of 79.2

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thousand m2. The housing stock of the municipal property numbers 3081 houses of 122.8 thousand apartments with the total area of 6327.6 m2. The areas of predominantly low-rise buildings, which use decentralized heat supply and heating in each apartment, are shown in Fig. 10, the zones of high-rise buildings, which use centralized heating, are shown in Fig. 11.

Table 13. The total housing fund in Mykolayiv [1]

1990 1995 2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

The total housing fund, thousand m2 of the total

area 8549 8686 10601 10690 10580 10666 10633 10751 10700

Average per capita, m2 16.3 16.5 21.2 20.8 20.8 21.1 21.1 21.4 21.4

Table 14. The characteristics of the housing fund in Mykolayiv [1]

2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Number of residential buildings

34274 34272 34564 34735 34750 34777 34818

of them

hostels 141 133 145 143 143 142 141

having five storeys or more

1255 1340 1416 1459 1485 1510 1503

equipped with:

chutes 684 716 752 757 740 720 727

lifts 649 711 736 755 783 786 792

The number of apartments

210409 201810 198109 197997 197089 198773 197358

Table 15. The equipment of the housing fund in Mykolayiv [1] 2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Proportion of the total area of premises, equipped with:

water supply 88.5 89.4 89.2 89.4 89.4 89.5 89.4 sewage 88.4 89.3 89.1 89.3 89.3 89.4 89.4 heating 87.3 86.9 88.8 89.0 89.0 89.2 89.1 gas 92.3 88.3 91.7 92.0 92.1 92.0 92.0 hot water 78.1 83.6 84.6 84.7 84.3 84.6 84.9 bathrooms (shower rooms) 83.5 83.1 84.4 84.6 84.8 85.1 85.0 floor-standing electric cooker 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

21  

 

Figure 10. Zones of predominantly low-rise buildings with the use of decentralized heat supply and heating in each apartment 

22  

 

Figure 11. Zones of predominantly high-rise building with the use of centralized heating

23  

Table 16. The distribution according to the types of buildings of the housing fund [1]

Type of building

The current state

thousand m2 %

Apartment building: - low-rise buildings (1-3 storeys) 909.3 8.6 - average-rise buildings (4-5 storeys) 2604.7 24.6 - increased number of storeys (6-10 storeys) 3973.6 37.5 - high-rise buildings (11-16 floors) 353 3.3 - altitude (above 16 floors) – – Total 7840.6 74 Manor buildings (1-3 storeys) 2753.3 26 Total 10593.9 100 The main types of public buildings in Ukraine, the cost of servicing them from the local budgets, are as follows: - buildings of educational establishments; - buildings of pre-schools; - buildings of health care and recreation; - buildings of sport and physical culture; - buildings of entertainment institutions; - buildings of the institutions of social protection; - transport buildings intended for public service; - other building utilities. The first three of these types of public buildings consume the most part of the city budget, which is allocated to pay for the energy supply. The network of general education in the city Mykolayiv is presented with 72 high schools (including gymnasiums – 5, collegium – 1, lyceums – 5, specialized schools with intensive study of foreign languages from grade 1 – 2, the Specialized School of Arts and Applied Arts - 1), 3 evening schools, 1 special school for children with low vision. All types of institutions enrolled 39028 students. The characteristics of high schools over the years are shown in Table 17.

Table 17. High schools at the beginning of the school year [1]

1990/

91 1995/

96 2000/

01 2005/

06 2008/

09 2009/

10 2010/

11 2011/

12 2012/

13 The number of

institutions 73 78 88 91 89 89 89 87 87

The number of students

75971 72582 65682 51272 43559 42734 41251 41962 41669

The number of teachers

4189 4549 4351 3894 3618 3490 3455 3404 3411

There are also 7 non-school educational institutions where 11107 children study.

24  

The network of preschool educational institutions in Mykolayiv consists of 87 kindergartens, including 72 of communal property (15072 children), 6 of departmental property (731 children) and 9 of private property (379 children). It consists of different types, namely, educational complexes "Preschool educational institution - general educational institution”, sanatoriums, combined types, the educational institution for overall development. There are 6 Kindergartens of compensating type for children with disabilities (1299 children). The characteristics of pre-schools over the years are shown in Table 18.

Table 18. Pre-school education by the end of the year [1] 1990 1995 2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

The number of institutions

145 127 94 78 79 81 84 86 87

Places available

22284 20235 12398 10552 10959 11105 11344 11383 11435

The number of children in the institutions

29494 19466 12538 12217 13809 14455 15182 16004 16610

The city also has an extensive network of hospitals. There are 7 centers that provide the primary health care and 34 family clinics. The specialized medical care of Level 2 is provided by 4 city hospitals for adults, the City Children's Hospital, 3 maternity hospitals, 2 children's clinics of Level 2, TB Dispensary, the city dental clinic. The characteristics of hospitals over the years are shown in Table 19.

Table 19. Hospitals and their capacity [1]

1990 1995 2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012The number of hospitals 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 22 The number of beds 8160 7915 5880 5775 5678 5628 5628 5628 5628The number of medical outpatient clinics 44 44 40 34 31 32 32 31 31 The planned capacity of outpatient clinics, visits per shift 7327 7916 7427 6653 6542 6542 6542 7167 7315 The number of residential, social and cultural buildings commissioned in Mykolayiv in recent years, when there were changes in the requirements for thermal insulation of buildings, is shown in Table 20.

25  

Table 20. The residential, social and cultural facilities commissioned in Mykolayiv [1]

Housing, m2

total area Kindergartens,

places Secondary

education, pupils

Healthcare facilities,

beds

2000 61369 – – – 2001 61511 – – – 2002 50470 – – – 2003 64235 – 560 – 2004 64144 – – – 2005 66994 – – 40 2006 80856 – – – 2007 90427 – – – 2008 109732 – 406 – 2009 52655 – – – 2010 79407 – – – 2011 80116 – 532 – 2012 62082 – – –

26  

3. Energy Profile of Municipality 3.1 Energy production On the territory of Mykolayiv there is the Combined Heat and Power Plant (CHPP), which produces heat and electricity. It uses natural gas for heat and electricity production. CHPP only functions carried during the heating season and it does not provide all the necessary needs of city. In the interheating period the production of electricity and heat is not carried out. There are also several electricity generating plants of small capacity, including cogeneration plants, but the extent of their power generation is not considerable. The capacity of power plants and annual production of electricity in the city are presented in Table 21. The CHPP supplies electricity generated in the network of Ukraine. Therefore, to calculate the emissions the national emission factor for electricity (Ukraine – 1.171 tCO2/MWh) can be used instead of the local emission factor for electricity.

Table 21. Power plants and power generation in the city of Mykolayiv [1]

All electrical power plants

capacity of power plants, MW production of electricity,

mln. kW·h 2001 70.1 181.6 2002 70.7 225.3 2003 70.9 240.4 2004 69.9 292.3 2005 69.7 297.7 2006 69.1 273.9 2007 68.7 215.2 2008 68.3 194.1 2009 68.5 173.5 2010 68.7 188.8 2011 71.4 192.4 2012 69.3 192.4

3.2 Energy mix and energy consumption In 2012, the total primary energy supply in Ukraine was 122.5 mln. tons of oil equivalent, which is 3.4% less than in 2011 [11]. The share of natural gas in the balance of 2012 decreased to 34.8% (36.9% in 2011), while the share of coal increasing - to 34.6% (32.7% in 2011). The share of renewable energy (hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, biofuels) remained at the level of 2% (see. Fig. 12).

27  

19,20%

34,80%

2,00%9,40%

34,60%

Atomic energy

Gas

Coal

Oil

Renewable sources

Figure 12. The distribution of energy sources in the total primary energy supply in

Ukraine [11] The final consumption of fuel and energy in 2012 in Ukraine was 73.1 mln. tons of oil equivalent, which is 3.6% less than in 2011. The largest end-users of energy in Ukraine in 2012 were industrial sectors (about 34%), residential sector (32%) and transport sector (about 16%). The structure of the final consumption of fuel and energy in Ukraine according to years is shown in Table 22. Power consumption of domestic product in Ukraine is 0.89 (kg of coal equivalent)/USD.

Table 22. The structure of the final consumption of fuel and energy in Ukraine [11]

Year

Final consumption of fuel and

energy, thousands tons of oil equivalent

To the volume of final consumption, percent

Nat

ural

gas

Coa

l and

pea

t

Cru

de o

il an

d pe

trol

eum

pr

oduc

ts

Ele

ctric

ity

Hea

t

Bio

fuel

2012 73107 36.4 13.1 16.7 16.2 16.2 1.4 2011 75852 38.5 12.4 16.1 15.8 15.8 1.4 2010 74004 38.4 11.3 16.5 15.6 16.9 1.3 2009 67555 37.9 11.7 17.2 15.2 16.5 1.5 2008 83283 41.0 13.0 15.9 13.9 14.8 1.4

The structure of the distribution of energy consumption in the residential sector of Ukraine according to the type of energy in 2010 is shown in Figure 13. Currently, the average consumption of fuel in Ukraine on 1 Gcal of heat generation in the municipal power system of Ukraine constitutes 160 ... 180 kg of coal equivalent [8].

28  

57,30%

2,00%1,50%

12,70%

26,30% 0,20%

Heat energy Electrical energy Gas Coal and peat Renewable sources Oil products

Figure 13. Energy balance of the housing sector in Ukraine by types of energy in 2010.

[5] The structure of consumption of energy materials and products of oil processing in Mykolayiv is different from that nationwide. The share of coal consumption is small compared to that in Ukraine. The total consumption of energy materials and products of oil processing in Mykolayiv is shown in Table 23, the structure of consumption of energy materials and products of oil processing in Mykolayiv is presented in Table 24, the consumption structure of energy materials and oil processing products for use in different areas in 2012 is presented in Table 25. The use of energy resources for the production and maintenance of municipal and domestic needs in the city is presented in Table 26. The specific energy consumption for certain types of products in Mykolayiv presented in Table 27. Table 23. The total consumption of energy materials and products of oil processing in

Mykolayiv [1] 2001 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total, thousand tons of coal equivalent

1528.1 1739.4 1735.1 1657.5 1560.8 1635.2 1738.6 1629.8

including coal, thousand tons 41.3 17.3 11.1 5.9 5.7 8.9 8.5 9.5 natural gas, mln. m3 1131.8 1310.4 1262.5 1225.9 1074.0 1211.7 1223.5 1134.3firewood for heating, thousand m3

43.8 2.7 2.1 9.2 4.3 4.0 3.8 4.6

gasoline engine, thousand tons

48.7 53.9 62.1 54.3 50.9 51.9 86.0 84.0

gas oil (diesel fuel), thousand tons

60.7 82.7 111.2 96.7 89.0 92.6 116.2 116.1

heavy fuel oil burning, thousand tons

9.3 2.7 2.6 1.2 74.7 1.9 1.7 1.4

liquefied propane and butane, thousand tons

3.9 3.3 4.1 6.4 4.6 6.0 7.9 8.9

29  

Table 24. Structure of consumption of energy materials and products of oil processing in Mykolayiv, % [1]

2001 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

including: coal 1.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 natural gas 85.2 86.6 83.7 85.1 79.1 85.2 80.9 80.0 firewood for heating 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 motor gasoline 4.7 4.6 5.3 4.9 4.9 4.7 7.4 7.7 gas oil (diesel fuel) 5.8 6.9 9.3 8.5 8.3 8.2 9.7 10.3 heavy furnace black oils 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 6.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 propane and butane liquefied 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 other fuels 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.5

Table 25. Structure of consumption of energy materials and oil processing products used in different purposes in Mykolayiv in 2012, % [1]

fuel

Including for

conversion to other

fuels and energy

for energy

purposes

final consumption

losses in the distribution, transportatio

n and storage

Total 100,0 36.6 0.5 61.8 1.1 Including: coal 100,0 16.0 – 84.0 – natural gas 100,0 45.6 – 53.1 1.3 firewood for heating 100,0 4.0 – 96.0 – gasoline engine 100,0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 gas oil (diesel fuel) 100,0 0.2 0.0 99.8 0.0 heavy furnace black oils 100,0 76.9 – 23.1 – liquefied propane and butane

100,0 – – 99.0 1.0

Table 26. Use of energy resources for the production and maintenance of municipal and domestic needs in the city [1]

2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total, thousand tons of coal equivalent

1837.2 1867.2 1771.3 1714.7 1765.6 1764.4 1610.9

including, %: boiler and heating fuels

52.0 50.1 49.9 49.8 49.8 50.1 49.8

heat energy 29.6 30.8 30.4 31.1 31.2 30.2 29.5 electricity 18.4 19.1 19.7 19.1 19.0 19.7 20.7

30  

Table 27. Specific energy consumption for certain types of products in Mykolayiv [1]

Fuel, kg of coal

equivalent Thermal energy, Gcal Electricity, kW·h

2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012Electricity

generated by CHPP common use running on

fossil fuel, thousand kW·h

283.2 278.3 276.6 – – – – – –

Heat produced and released to boiler-

rooms, Gcal 160.2 160.4 159.9 – – – 27.1 27.2 26.3

Services for water distribution, thousand m3

– – – – – – 484.3 469.4 458.2

The volumes of gas, water and heat consumption for years by the population of Mykolayiv is presented in Table 28.

Table 28. Delivery of gas, water and heat in Mykolayiv [1] 2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

The supply of natural gas, thousand m3

444049 447810 393808 355398 379298 389172 375236

including residents 179199 198199 180132 166510 173600 171791 162498Delivery of LPG, tons

1524 842 2050 623 1005 278 318

including residents 113 50 34 62 107 49 57 The supply of water, thousand m3

51556 36803 35233 32961 32247 32674 32085

including residents 43666 24318 22022 20811 20381 19929 20519 The supply of heat energy, thousand Gcal

1205,7 1098,7 958,6 803,3 966,2 1031,8 1166,9

including residents 871.9 764.5 685.4 564.6 690.4 736.0 764.4

The supply of thermal energy and utilities to residents and municipal enterprises of mainly provided by two biggest manufacturers: "Mykolayiv CHPP" and "Mykolayivoblteploenergo". "Mykolayivoblteploenergo" provides heat for about 70% in Mykolayiv, "Mykolayiv CHPP" for about 30% of consumers. The share of other producers is insignificant. The balance of "Mykolayivoblteploenergo" consists of 123 boiler-rooms with the total capacity of 628.747 Gcal/h: for solid fuels – 2 units (0.965 Gcal / h) and for natural gas – 121 units (627.782 Gcal/h); heat stations – 70 units; 209.507 km district heating line in two-pipe calculation, including two-pipe heating – 156.537 km, one-pipe hot water supply – 43.047 km, pipelines that transport coolant from "Mykolayiv CHPP" – two-pipe heating – 25.573 km and one-pipe hot water supply – 11.747 km.

31  

The total heat production of "Mykolayiv CHPP" is 410 thousand Gcal/year. The structure of the main equipment includes 4 power boilers, 3 hot water boilers and 3 turbogenerators, the length of heating networks – 50.7 km in two-pipe calculation. The efficiency of heat sources is 93.7 percent by combined heat and power generation. 3.3 Energy analysis per fuel type This section briefly characterizes in the consumption of different fuels in municipal and housing sectors in Mykolayiv. 3.3.1 Electricity Electricity in the city in the municipal and housing funds is mainly used for lighting, operation of different domestic appliances (including residential room air conditioners and heaters) and cooking in kindergartens, high schools and a small number of residential buildings. For the purposes of heating buildings, electricity is almost never used. There are only a few buildings that use thermal storage electric heaters for heating, so the electricity consumption for heating is negligible. To promote the use of out of peak electricity for heating, Ukrainian government uses tariff regulation. 3.3.2 Heating Oil The products of oil refining in Mykolayiv are only used for transport. For housing, municipal utilities and other purposes they are not used because of their high cost, and their consumption for these purposes can be ignored. 3.3.3 Wood Consumption of wood in Mykolayiv for heating and cooking is insignificant. In the housing and municipal sector, it is not currently used. Slight and irregular supply in the private sector, can be neglected. 3.3.4 Natural gas Natural gas is the main fuel in the housing and municipal sector of the city. Most of the centralized and decentralized heating buildings use natural gas. Similarly, cooking and hot water supply is mainly done by using natural gas. 3.3.5 Coal A number of small-capacity boiler-rooms that heat municipal buildings use coal as fuel. Small amount of coal is also used in the private sector. 3.3.6 Other fuel types The use of other fuels in housing and communal services in Mykolayiv is insignificant. This applies, in particular, to liquefied natural gas and renewable energy sources.

32  

3.4 Energy analysis per sector Currently, heat energy meters are installed in almost all municipal buildings that receive heat from outside suppliers. Buildings of residential housing are equipped with heat meters partly. Apartment buildings are equipped with heat meters only at the input to the building and there is not metering of thermal energy in each apartment. When calculation data obtained from heat meters are used, the following should be taken into account: - temperature conditions in the building do not often meet the regulatory demands; - the temperature of the coolant supplied to the building from the heat network does not often match to the outdoor temperature, it is higher than the required temperature when the weather is warm and lower in cold weather; - thermal resistance of building enclosure because of their long or irregular operation may be lower than the designed value; - in residential buildings connected to the district heating system there can be several apartments that have chosen the individual use of heating generators that operate on natural gas; - in residential apartment buildings, some areas of the exterior walls can be further insulated by residents. The insulation of walls of residential apartment buildings are independently performed by residents using cheap materials, excluding statutory requirements on the thermal resistance of walls (thickness of the applied insulation is insufficient) and fire safety. In houses residents also massively replace windows on modern plastic designs. However, mostly new windows have thermal resistance close to the normative values of windows of old structures and not meet the existing regulatory requirements. When they are installed, energy saving is achieved by eliminating the excessive infiltration of outside air that there is in the old windows. Recently windows are replaced in a number of public buildings. These new windows are also have thermal resistance close to the norms in the windows of old structures and do not meet modern requirements. To determine the regulatory quantity of heat required for heating the building it is necessary to use the existing design data – the maximum hourly heat consumption, which should calculated in the design of the building. For most buildings they are known, but for some buildings the design data are lost. In this case, you can use the recommendations of KTM 204 Ukraine 244-94 and determine the energy consumption on the basis of specific heating characteristics of various buildings and structures. When using KTM 204 Ukraine 244-94 it should be considered that on November 1, 2011 ДСТУ-Н Б В.1.1-27: 2010 «Building Climatology» began to act. Its climatic parameters must be used in the design of buildings, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, water supply etc.

33  

Until the entry into action ДСТУ-Н Б В.1.1-27: 2010 heating and energy consumption in buildings in the city of Mykolayiv was calculated on the basis of the following climatic data:

- design outdoor temperature for designing heating, С ................... –20 (currently –20);

- the average outside temperature during the heating period, С ..........+0.4 (now +1.1); - duration of heating period (the number of days with permanent average daily

temperature of outside air 8 С and below) ............................................ 165 (now 161). The existing climatic data for the city of Mykolayiv are presented in Tables 29 ... 33.

Table 29. Outside air temperature [12]

Air temperature, С Period with the average daily air

temperature

Ave

rage

per

yea

r

cold period warm period 8 С 10 С 21 С

the

cold

est d

ay s

uppl

y

the

cold

est

five-

day

supp

ly

the

hott

est

day

supp

ly o

f 0.9

5

the

hott

est

five-

day

supp

ly o

f 0.

99

dura

tion,

day

s

aver

age

tem

pera

ture

, С

dura

tion,

day

s

aver

age

tem

pera

ture

С

dura

tion,

day

s

aver

age

tem

pera

ture

, С

0,98 0,92 0,98 0,92

10.1 –26 –23 –22 –20 30 25 161 1.1 178 2.0 75 22.3 Table 30. The transfer dates of average daily air temperature at 8 and 10 С in autumn

and spring (start and end dates of the heating period) [12] Dates of heating period

transition through 8 С transition through 10 С start end start end 27.X 6.IV 18.X 14.IV

Table 31. Average monthly ambient air [12] The average monthly air temperature, С

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII –2.6 –1.6 2.8 10.2 16.4 20.3 22.7 22.0 16.8 10.4 4.2 –0.4

Table 32. Data on wind speed [12] Prevailing wind direction, its frequency monthly, %

Average wind speed by month, m/s I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII

N, 20 4.0

NE, 19 4.2

NE, 18 4.1

S, 22 3.9

S, 193.8

S, 183.4

N, 26 3.3

N, 253.2

NЗ, 193.2

N, 17 3.4

E, 17 3.9

N, 163.9

34  

Table 33. Average monthly amount of solar radiation on horizontal surface under average conditions of cloudiness, MJ/(m2) [12]

Month I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII

Straight 34 58 123 210 335 375 380 340 240 135 38 23 Dissipated 68 104 171 224 276 290 286 242 176 127 68 53 Also, in determining the estimated temperature in the room and air-exchange factor it is necessary to use new regulations – ДБН В.2.2-4-97 with Change №2 2008 [13], as amended ДБН В.2.2-3-97 [14], ДБН В.2.2-15-2005 [15], ДСТУ Б EN ISO 7730 [16] and ДСТУ Б EN 15251 [17]. The design temperature and air-exchange factor of air for the main spaces of pre-schools, schools and residential buildings are given in Tables 34, 35 and 36. For other public buildings settlement of microclimate parameters is adopted in accordance with ДСТУ Б EN ISO 7730 and ДСТУ Б EN 15251, in the absence of their valuation in building standards and other regulations in accordance with the purpose of the building (room).

Table 34. The estimated temperature and air-exchange factor indoors infant schools for the city of Mykolayiv (ДБН В.2.2-4-97 with Change №2, 2008) [13]

Name of premises The calculated

temperature, °СAir-exchange

inflow outflow Game room, locker room: - nursery group; 22 1.5 1.5 - junior Kindergarten; 21 1.5 1.5 - secondary and junior Kindergarten 20 1.5 1.5 Bedrooms: - nursery group; 21 1.5 1.5 - pre-school groups: 19 1.5 1.5 Toilets: - nursery group; 22 – 1.5 - kindergarten 20 – 1.5 Canteen 16 – 1.5 Halls for music physical education classes and games

19 1.5 1.5

Indoor pool with a bath 30 according to the calculation

Medical room 22 – 1 Locker room 18 – 1 Kitchen 16 according to the

calculation Laundry: - room for laundry; 18 5 5 - drying and ironing room 16 5 5 Offices: - physiotherapy; 28 1.5 1.5 - massage 28 1.5 1.5 Corridors 18 – – Toilet: - personnel; 18 – 3 - swimming pool 25 – 3

35  

Table 35. The estimated temperature for designing heating and ventilation requirements for the basic premises of educational institutions (ДБН В.2.2-3-97

amended) [14]

Premises The calculated

temperature, °С

Requirements for air-exchange (multiplicity 1

hour) inflow outflow

Classrooms, laboratories and laboratories

18 16 m3/year per person

Classrooms for grades 1-4 20 16 m3/year per person Classroom for informatics and computer engineering

20 (3) (3)

Classrooms in vocational and higher schools, workshops with zones for theoretical study, reading rooms, term paper, painting, sculpture rooms, studios, conference hall, singing and music classroom

18 20 m3/year per person

Gym, dance studio 18

Calculated, but not less than 80 m / h for 1 people.

Teachers room, hobby room 18 — (1.5) Administration Offices, NGOs rooms, recreation rooms, offices of a speech therapist, a psychologist, a sociologist, library (except the reading room)

18 — (1)

Medical room 22 — (1.5) Shower room 25 — (5) Locker Room: a) in gyms 22 — (1.5) b) in the shower room

23 In outflow volume from shower room

Bedrooms for primary school students 19 — (1.5) Lobby and recreation 16 — — Cloakroom 16 — (1.5) Canteen 16 calculated Note 1: In the office with two external walls and bedrooms, the estimated temperature

should be 2° above that listed in the table.

KTM 204 Ukraine 244-94 also contains the data on specific characteristics of the existing ventilation systems in various buildings, allowing calculation of heat consumption for ventilation of buildings. However, in Mykolayiv the forced ventilation of residential and public buildings is almost never used periodically forced ventilation is used in kitchens and in specialized laboratories. The least accurate method for determining the heat consumption of the building is the use of specific consumption rates of heat. The data are in KTM 204 Ukraine 244-94 and shown in Section 2.

36  

Table 36. The estimated design temperature for heating and ventilation requirements for the major premises in residential houses (ДБН В.2.2-15-2005) [15]

Premises The calculated

temperature, °С

Requirements for air-exchange

inflow outflow Living room, bedroom, study 20 0.8-factor – Kitchen 18 - for air

balance of a apartment, but not less than, m3/h:

90 1)

Kitchen and dining room 20 0.8-factor Bath room 25 - 25Latrines 20 - 25Combined bathroom and toilet 25 - 50Lobby, corridor, stairwell, hallway of an apartments

16 - -

The room of a guard (concierge) 18 0.8-factor - Non-smoked staircase of type H1 14 - - Machine room for elevators 5 - 0.5-factor Garbage room 5 - 1- factor Garage-Parking 5 - Calculated Electric distribution room 5 - 0.5- factor 1) In the kitchen with an electric stove, the minimal volume of extraction is 60 m3/h.

3.5 Summary of energy analysis The total value of energy consumption in homes (residents) are in Table 28 and they were the following in 2011: - natural gas consumption – 389 172 thousand m3; - heat – 1166.9 thousand Gcal. The limits of energy consumption in physical quantities used by budgetary institutions in Mykolayiv in 2010 were the following: - natural gas consumption – 1185.529 thousand m3; - heat consumption – 62600.602 Gcal; - electricity consumption – 24315.253 thousands kW·h; - consumption of solid fuels – 766.055 tons. The limits of energy consumption in physical quantities by budget educational institutions of Mykolayiv in 2010 were the following: - natural gas consumption – 382.554 thousand m3 (32.3 % of the budget); - heat consumption – 42514.015 Gcal (67.9 % of the budget); - electricity consumption – 6042.167 thousands kW·h (24.8 % of the budget); - consumption of solid fuels – 662.524 tons (86.5 % of the budget). The buildings of budget educational institutions of the city are the largest consumers of energy.

37  

4. Energy municipal buildings analysis 4.1 Introduction In Mykolayiv there is a large number of municipal buildings, of various functionality in the urban economy. The governance structures, they are distributed in to the following groups: - buildings of the educational system; - buildings of public health care system; - buildings of social welfare; - buildings of management system; - buildings of culture; - sport facilities buildings. Almost all of the buildings were built before 1996 and have low thermal resistance walling, and hence the large energy consumption for heating. Electrical and lighting systems in most cases need to be modernized and replaced due to high energy consumption and wear. 4.2 Energy analysis per fuel type 4.2.1 Electricity Electrical energy in Mykolayiv is mainly used in residential and community fund for the purpose of lighting, power supply of household appliances and technical equipment. The use of electricity for cooking in the residential sector is small. Electric stoves are installed in a few high-rise buildings. In communal organizations where cooking is carried out (schools, kindergartens, hospitals), electrical energy is used for cooking in many buildings. Many apartments in blocks of flats, as well as some public buildings are equipped with electric accumulation heaters for hot water supply. Electric power for heating is almost never used. There are accumulation heating systems only in a few buildings in Mykolayiv. The structure of electricity consumption in the municipal services city is represented in Figure 14. The volumes of consumption of electric energy in some of the buildings of the educational system are shown in Table 37.

38  

1,87%3,04%

3,58%

24,85%

43,63%

1,04%

21,99%

Buildings of state management Educational system buildings Health care buildings

Buildings of population social protection Housing and municipal utilities Houses of culture

Sports buildings Figure 14. Structure of electricity consumption in the municipal services city

Table 37. The volume of electricity consumption over the years in some of the buildings of the educational system, kW·h

Building Name Year

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Kindergarten No. 1 29 385 14 828 24 166 20 865 15 779Kindergarten No. 2 61 380 60 456 84 891 94 210 70 843Kindergarten No. 5 115 490 135 933 124 917 123 871 128 333Kindergarten No. 7 33 521 39 970 40 124 30 892 23 322Kindergarten No. 10 64 434 69 263 81 868 79 189 69 785Kindergarten No. 12 76 770 126 145 125 228 90 835 78 632Kindergarten No. 17 66 207 75 003 62 046 82 488 58 834Kindergarten No. 20 73 404 90 599 86 407 70 359 40 622Kindergarten No. 22 24 146 30 051 32 271 39 643 53 205Kindergarten No. 23 17 727 23 248 11 040 12 155 13 325Kindergarten No. 29 49 557 42 315 69 147 70 722 50 672Kindergarten No. 37 44 089 54 699 64 257 53 803 54 448Kindergarten No. 47 0 37 607 37 018 39 795 28 877Kindergarten No. 48 8 285 5 589 16 317 21 032 15 572Kindergarten No. 49 114 156 155 365 127 067 105 824 150 771Kindergarten No. 50 33 051 37 906 43 071 45 280 53 541Kindergarten No. 51 11 493 11 660 12 718 13 202 15 182Kindergarten No. 52 57 157 56 812 59 634 44 125 25 863Kindergarten No. 53 13 812 21 914 21 053 19 410 13 265Kindergarten No. 59 23 144 50 214 37 055 34 866 33 970Kindergarten No. 60 26 851 26 187 29 850 31 382 26 133Kindergarten No. 64 13 645 7 663 12 021 10 375 9 567Kindergarten No. 65 18 550 16 478 15 277 19 768 20 561Kindergarten No. 66 30 508 29 835 31 976 21 744 14 395

39  

Kindergarten No. 67 19 200 22 139 30 483 46 731 46 926Kindergarten No. 68 10 949 9 607 13 062 12 316 11 384Kindergarten No. 70 11 918 15 897 16 306 18 552 17 697Kindergarten No. 71 13 765 17 629 17 407 18 076 14 902Kindergarten No. 72 24 858 16 095 16 690 11 064 13 213Kindergarten No. 74 38 987 69 568 71 124 68 825 45 093Kindergarten No. 75 14 499 18 199 24 797 24 220 10 570Kindergarten No. 77 70 502 61 650 71 810 78 659 77 911Kindergarten No. 78 36 173 43 160 42 716 42 452 47 609Kindergarten No. 79 39 660 43 250 44 826 39 070 23 590Kindergarten No. 82 31 154 34 362 32 372 30 045 30 878Kindergarten No. 83 0 16 746 31 820 37 318 29 639Kindergarten No. 84 26 017 30 027 35 206 18 087 14 445Kindergarten No. 85 20 261 21 516 20 507 17 292 15 398Kindergarten No. 87 50 058 50 360 42 610 31 901 31 830Kindergarten No. 92 22 849 30 959 51 923 45 833 48 312Kindergarten No. 93 63 556 51 084 57 454 51 641 52 629Kindergarten No. 94 25 140 27 684 27 342 22 949 22 994Kindergarten No. 95 46 682 33 939 43 704 44 100 40 637Kindergarten No. 99 33 368 53 784 37 179 46 076 26 855Kindergarten No. 101 0 0 0 0 24 471Kindergarten No. 103 28 878 32 232 44 706 40 591 28 583Kindergarten No. 104 9 537 10 992 14 630 14 491 11 522Kindergarten No. 106 21 874 20 384 25 201 22 410 24 654Kindergarten No. 110 31 948 39 125 50 521 42 950 39 370Kindergarten No. 111 13 010 10 023 14 087 14 051 17 958Kindergarten No. 112 13 210 7 128 14 950 15 710 7 744Kindergarten No. 115 34 284 38 050 32 390 27 046 27 420Kindergarten No. 117 57 184 63 790 68 805 83 762 93 940Kindergarten No. 118 39 614 47 742 37 098 35 192 30 902Kindergarten No. 121 14 220 17 097 23 416 24 220 12 005Kindergarten No. 123 22 609 35 870 42 536 44 104 24 200Kindergarten No. 125 9 478 9 371 11 814 13 669 16 174Kindergarten No. 127 22 525 34 649 42 634 37 465 42 228Kindergarten No. 128 12 589 14 290 13 630 11 514 10 555Kindergarten No. 130 39 197 43 256 74 050 40 512 36 343Kindergarten No. 131 48 248 60 265 62 035 72 300 55 528Kindergarten No. 132 75 398 72 320 81 456 71 615 92 861Kindergarten No. 133 57 152 29 138 39 852 36 693 13 074Kindergarten No. 134 29 342 28 101 37 059 39 088 27 871Kindergarten No. 138 3 715 3 754 4 566 3 995 4 382Kindergarten No. 139 42 404 54 103 53 667 45 620 14 621Kindergarten No. 140 53 189 56 754 47 094 46 916 45 798Kindergarten No. 141 47 264 63 552 56 149 40 014 33 880Kindergarten No. 142 101 629 111 572 108 528 97 639 99 560Kindergarten No. 143 0 0 0 6 097 38 373Kindergarten No. 144 49 700 58 054 66 974 64 950 39 655Kindergarten No. 147 20 663 25 882 49 954 51 165 45 404Kindergarten No. 148 137 262 141 723 133 303 141 062 172 986High School No. 3 71 180 64 070 72 544 54 375 48 476High School No. 4 27 077 24 009 17 472 18 138 20 548Municipal Collegium 194 781 182 849 247 636 234 427 225 405

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High School No. 6 25 275 25 015 24 621 23 996 30 103High School No. 7 19 421 23 975 19 556 19 313 18 389High School No. 9 27 394 2 557 0 0 8 232High School No. 10 18 925 26 449 28 588 21 384 21 991High School No. 12 21 234 28 008 20 002 21 071 20 198High School No. 13 30 506 22 109 15 681 16 057 15 757High School No. 14 24 730 27 503 23 203 16 841 29 712High School No. 15 14 714 16 342 14 466 13 255 16 534High School No. 16 32 775 39 722 39 510 31 140 29 767High School No. 17 16 160 16 262 13 081 10 012 13 145High School No. 18 43 620 42 484 39 384 41 840 48 051High School No. 20 78 644 86 768 83 177 70 154 65 838High School No. 21 15 705 11 744 11 989 10 257 11 197High School No. 22 27 414 28 417 27 104 128 332 62 337High School No. 23 67 266 97 934 88 701 77 606 78 326High School No. 24 23 370 28 442 29 037 21 715 19 317High School No. 25 10 995 11 715 10 861 9 764 11 597High School No. 26 18 963 19 946 22 413 26 559 17 837High School No. 27 17 643 19 033 17 128 17 815 18 061High School No. 28 26 988 23 368 41 979 29 827 35 484High School No. 29 15 193 20 544 30 696 24 615 30 838High School No. 30 32 237 40 573 36 636 38 171 39 868High School No. 31 28 936 32 174 27 954 26 587 27 749High School No. 32 31 175 28 806 23 652 19 693 20 060High School No. 33 39 058 45 684 55 821 51 775 46 910High School No. 34 27 935 26 859 23 294 23 069 22 466High School No. 35 40 682 36 965 39 759 35 513 31 665High School No. 36 27 360 38 937 33 569 36 012 25 393High School No. 37 9 637 7 011 5 445 4 706 23 792High School No. 39 34 674 34 373 26 868 26 448 25 577High School No. 40 86 675 77 287 75 455 97 509 116 819High School No. 42 48 997 37 545 46 287 48 745 47 341High School No. 43 13 511 18 721 27 061 25 899 29 175High School No. 44 13 439 10 748 19 050 16 767 16 592High School No. 45 80 778 62 943 60 670 60 000 54 924High School No. 46 68 903 56 291 143 837 95 740 67 944High School No. 47 73 365 85 733 55 184 41 555 40 398High School No. 48 63 645 76 637 82 959 61 904 65 279High School No. 49 15 950 20 205 18 148 16 111 17 596High School No. 50 73 195 59 142 70 699 48 777 40 688High School No. 51 45 190 44 103 51 574 55 192 59 620High School No. 52 45 620 61 031 8 642 23 853 28 136High School No. 53 66 920 73 054 90 554 45 138 31 995High School No. 54 78 000 69 103 62 789 57 079 56 182High School No. 56 128 147 127 963 118 871 120 777 104 638High School No. 57 36 305 41 009 38 692 44 421 48 222High School No. 59 0 0 0 0 0High School No. 60 51 515 53 310 43 172 46 647 46 529High School No. 61 25 954 28 984 27 916 28 916 35 066High School No. 64 67 746 63 750 61 894 53 796 55 155High School No. 65 0 0 42 333 0 66 504Lyceum «Pedagogue» 20 052 13 370 16 451 16 704 17 999

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Humanitarian Gymnasium No. 41 26 206 21 705 22 049 22 219 25 488Gymnasium No. 3 19 735 21 028 20 559 18 246 25 570Gymnasium No. 4 83 750 92 395 44 051 80 488 68 114The First Ukrainian Gymnasium 84 780 94 742 62 522 48 493 51 289Economic Lyceum No. 1 12 200 12 938 11 066 7 058 52 172Maritime Lyceum 45 316 35 152 40 093 40 410 43 465Humanitarian Gymnasium No. 2 113 050 118 368 120 047 108 190 107 726High School No. 1 51 556 47 049 38 137 27 659 34 871Economic Lyceum No. 2 81 132 73 419 54 791 50 017 56 154Juridical Lyceum 39 148 39 190 36 560 31 707 38 166High School No. 11 76 800 75 072 68 830 68 923 76 137High School No. 19 56 217 62 104 64 952 66 717 63 088 4.2.2 Thermal energy In Mykolayiv multistory housing fund mainly receives thermal energy for heating purposes from Mykolayiv CHPP and municipal boilers of different capacities. Some high-rise apartment buildings built after 2000 year have their own roof boiler rooms or equipped with apartment-heat generators. However, the number of these houses in the total amount is insignificant. Also, in recent years, a small fraction of apartments in multi-storey houses were equipped with apartment heat generators, and these apartments have been disconnected from the district heating system. Several apartment buildings completely refused from district heating and heat generators were installed in every apartment. All these heat generators in every apartment use gas as fuel. The thermal energy for hot water supply in high-rise housing stock is mainly generated in domestic installations - gas water heaters or electric accumulation heaters. In low-rise housing stock thermal energy for heating and hot water is generated mainly by the domestic heat generators powered by natural gas. Buildings of public utilities obtain of thermal energy for heating purposes from Mykolayiv CHPP and utility boilers of different capacities. The thermal energy for hot water supply is mainly generated by the electric accumulation water heaters, and in some buildings by the boilers connected to a district heating system during the heating season. The structure of consumption of thermal energy from the CHPP and Mykolayiv utility boilers is represented in Figure 15. In 2011 the total consumption of thermal energy in Mykolayiv was 1031.8 thousand Gcal. The consumption of thermal energy from them by the residents in 2011 amounted to 736.0 thousand Gcal. Virtually all boilers and CHPP use natural gas as fuel and only a few small boilers – coal. The structure of consumption of thermal energy in the utilities sector of the city is represented in Figure 16. The volumes of thermal energy consumption over the years in some of the buildings of the educational system are shown in Table 38.

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71,3%

19,7%

9,0%

Residents Communal consumers Enterprises

Figure 15. The structure of consumption of thermal energy in Mykolayiv

25,65%

0,38%

0,00%

67,91%

0,84%

2,49%2,72%

Buildings of state management Educational system buildings Health care buildings

Buildings of population social protection Housing and municipal utilities Houses of culture

Sports buildings Figure 16. The structure of thermal energy consumption in the utilities sector of the city

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Table 38. The volumes of thermal energy consumption over the years in some of the buildings of the educational system, Gcal

Building Name Year

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Kindergarten No. 1 229.343 227.64 229.65 211.92 212.34Kindergarten No. 2 238.584 353.83 316.95 312.75 382.49Kindergarten No. 5 292.422 406.83 394.98 360.96 403.49Kindergarten No. 7 156.853 193.199 198.62 199.67 231.09Kindergarten No. 10 229.08 264.7414 281.21 239.1 225.54Kindergarten No. 12 338.815 353.728 422.55 392.73 406Kindergarten No. 17 282.51 324.3926 355.22 335.42 343.38Kindergarten No. 20 194.201 268.23 241.96 209.39 252.55Kindergarten No. 22 146.152 234.72 246.74 226.17 256.72Kindergarten No. 23 216.56 231.8661 258.93 274.33 272.27Kindergarten No. 29 307.822 433.82 414.26 389.09 450.35Kindergarten No. 37 204.81 225.5236 258.63 241.36 247.45Kindergarten No. 47 0 0 0 0 0Kindergarten No. 48 81.732 110.6655 100.81 103.55 104.18Kindergarten No. 49 325.296 351.8885 377.64 370.6 299.57Kindergarten No. 50 186.387 263.5268 236.53 247.24 267.09Kindergarten No. 51 87.95 145.6694 120.82 112.99 126.79Kindergarten No. 52 344.39 380.3024 399.78 347.87 410.42Kindergarten No. 53 44.069 59.01477 59.26 60.87 61.67Kindergarten No. 59 36.3 88.39536 158.83 144.85 139.84Kindergarten No. 60 221.652 274.286 300.06 253.85 249.37Kindergarten No. 64 127.014 159.6594 191.42 166.81 170.11Kindergarten No. 65 171.523 251.27 214.42 201.66 208.44Kindergarten No. 66 114.778 125.0175 178.82 124.66 124.63Kindergarten No. 67 274.26 380.9069 397.09 367.75 384.4Kindergarten No. 68 293.42 295.0926 342.03 282.09 321.04Kindergarten No. 70 0 0 0 0 0Kindergarten No. 71 0 0 0 0 0Kindergarten No. 72 133.271 119.0447 156.18 104.89 170.98Kindergarten No. 74 217.941 247.9955 265.64 259.36 244.84Kindergarten No. 75 222.648 237.5468 271.53 230.53 231.4Kindergarten No. 77 161.005 241.1001 222.48 204.49 236.03Kindergarten No. 78 133.634 148.8756 160.42 147.86 151.64Kindergarten No. 79 237.29 249.9304 268.73 249.89 270.47Kindergarten No. 82 116.743 179.92 178.66 169.05 199.18Kindergarten No. 83 0 53.39 151.33 150.4 179.13Kindergarten No. 84 136.08 132.1586 150.9 148.57 135.54Kindergarten No. 85 100.314 86.5866 119.65 113.23 119.65Kindergarten No. 87 271.58 344.2754 354.16 354.53 343.6Kindergarten No. 92 117.144 131.9616 149.26 122.06 142.34Kindergarten No. 93 165.124 245.17 221.59 211.39 217.49Kindergarten No. 94 104.533 155.8797 142.06 133.36 144.65Kindergarten No. 95 214.875 307 274.31 260.57 282.43Kindergarten No. 99 257.5 276.1586 320.4 343.15 398.99Kindergarten No. 101 0 0 0 0 123.76Kindergarten No. 103 419.481 415.71 456.04 459.96 464.08Kindergarten No. 104 0 0 0 0 0Kindergarten No. 106 245.691 164.414 186.35 177.36 172.66

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Kindergarten No. 110 198.067 194.549 203.85 214.92 212.62Kindergarten No. 111 230.996 249.7629 346.92 276.35 276.17Kindergarten No. 112 0 0 0 0 0Kindergarten No. 115 93.175 123.6 127.48 117.82 127.87Kindergarten No. 117 243.226 273.7 244.37 225.25 276.31Kindergarten No. 118 190.234 205.8219 224.18 202.65 211.35Kindergarten No. 121 141.5 163.31 131.12 187.12 126.16Kindergarten No. 123 90.922 133.8366 114.95 126.14 189.43Kindergarten No. 125 186.708 173.2942 239.9 219.02 218.69Kindergarten No. 127 204.64 219.5824 238.49 220.66 221.53Kindergarten No. 128 114.296 157.18 163.01 154.96 173.04Kindergarten No. 130 393.57 410.468 421.07 400.88 372.25Kindergarten No. 131 0 0 0 0 0Kindergarten No. 132 324.213 349.439 389.81 394.95 352.51Kindergarten No. 133 300.022 307.1392 319.31 297.94 298.94Kindergarten No. 134 417.911 392.64 440.08 437.68 389.16Kindergarten No. 138 0 0 0 0 0Kindergarten No. 139 388.981 347.65 383.48 376.99 372.22Kindergarten No. 140 247.865 269.46 324.66 323.14 284.75Kindergarten No. 141 220.84 278.1197 301.36 256.06 291.39Kindergarten No. 142 326.195 465.14 475.23 349.76 389.9Kindergarten No. 143 0 0 0 0 28.19Kindergarten No. 144 339.86 213.3 400.88 364.98 322.68Kindergarten No. 147 0 0 0 0 0Kindergarten No. 148 118.387 150.5627 172.07 178.88 183.21High School No. 3 363.256 550.3259 501.95 431.05 549.34High School No. 4 247.931 279.8101 255.77 272.55 322.83Municipal Collegium 850.613 985.6197 876.1 1034.82 898.59High School No. 6 399.366 511.3347 481.11 544.19 503.78High School No. 7 230.749 312.7539 298.47 432.51 197.86High School No. 9 0 0 0 0 0High School No. 10 297.073 421.5192 420.18 388.92 427.2High School No. 12 361 433.988 539.95 420.87 487.58High School No. 13 291.533 338.0476 329.11 258.69 282.31High School No. 14 375.61 426.5466 370 422.26 403.89High School No. 15 273.738 290.9641 373.89 351.37 324.36High School No. 16 0 0 0 0 0High School No. 17 388.71 501.851 536.43 514.73 463.41High School No. 18 277.036 329.7597 324.21 307.84 309.35High School No. 20 511.47 679.1783 684.67 595.26 645.95High School No. 21 223.129 252.0804 258.03 172.01 235.95High School No. 22 944.897 915.9125 1145.2 1084.97 1047.65High School No. 23 0 0 0 0 0High School No. 24 336.562 412.607 437.67 411.71 452.77High School No. 25 158.443 239.2994 243.54 213.06 471.58High School No. 26 238.176 379.5074 367.98 353.93 224.84High School No. 27 190.574 201.3323 275.02 223.58 257.21High School No. 28 376.855 592.1983 542.3 505.6 519.14High School No. 29 204.011 228.9215 209.01 223.94 263.54High School No. 30 520.804 443.951 434.31 449.45 436.26High School No. 31 226.655 281.0156 266.96 236.84 372.3High School No. 32 257.762 364.1563 361.83 344.19 423.05

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High School No. 33 308.79 330.5189 402.7 382.97 337.73High School No. 34 262.344 334.7559 352.44 308.11 283.92High School No. 35 322.014 382.3736 341.85 385.74 400.16High School No. 36 216.075 295.7692 295.16 314.54 387.68High School No. 37 225.855 281.0697 290.02 260.45 282.98High School No. 39 382.97 490.6099 529.3 442.73 398.76High School No. 40 934.25 896.5274 880.69 836.8 780.71High School No. 42 525.67 581.4985 617.47 494.3 584.96High School No. 43 374.47 392.398 406.07 399.6 424.55High School No. 44 333.37 325.6564 371.71 417.04 438.5High School No. 45 407.884 500.2104 557.35 514.09 458.02High School No. 46 755.081 799.3618 938.03 957.9 798.37High School No. 47 178.96 202.6468 205.8 181.94 223.27High School No. 48 618.211 644.895 687.87 729.92 662.06High School No. 49 0 0 0 0 0High School No. 50 459.21 602.25 636.78 557.53 536.76High School No. 51 506.359 596.5189 695.81 636.79 669.15High School No. 52 391.16 477.4013 487.4 457.41 469.3High School No. 53 630.937 889.0172 935.18 819.38 941.77High School No. 54 616.893 744.9323 797.97 815.39 836.55High School No. 56 415.68 542.1882 524.95 590.37 564.59High School No. 57 356.087 350.5991 453.63 467.55 417.45High School No. 59 0 0 0 0 0High School No. 60 234.387 329.618 412.56 426.28 371.09High School No. 61 216.553 240.7318 261.5 196.61 282.58High School No. 64 271.785 303.9372 233 250.91 318.55High School No. 65 0 0 461.59 0 424.55Lyceum «Pedagogue» 162.54 184.312 232.48 250.98 271.49Humanitarian Gymnasium No. 41 317.441 424.7913 417.775 383.92 400.19Gymnasium No. 3 209.04 203.512 223.37 188.85 204.74Gymnasium No. 4 765.58 916.254 562.27 938.7 492.5First Ukrainian Gymnasium 288.313 316.7803 345.33 337.54 362.32Economic Lyceum No. 1 84.73 90.37801 102.41 90.17 90.29Maritime Lyceum 78.26 71.7 100.5 111.4 94.8Humanitarian Gymnasium No. 2 744.544 754.5 585.602 569.2 722.408High School No. 1 852.402 926.95 778.884 712.26 694.56Economic Lyceum No. 2 153.27 179.147 262.18 234.58 280.84Juridical Lyceum 178.068 264.098 219.057 229.39 291.3High School No. 11 360.14 603.87 696.56 501.07 546.52High School No. 19 722.584 742.84 777.777 682.03 823.47

4.2.3 Natural Gas Natural gas is the main fuel used for the CHPP Mykolayiv, in utility boilers and domestic thermal boilers for heating residential buildings and municipal fund in Mykolayiv. He is also the main fuel used for cooking in residential buildings and some public buildings. It is also used in many residential buildings for the production of hot water in domestic gas water heaters. Total consumption of natural gas amounted to

46  

389172 thousand m3 in Mykolayiv in 2011. The volume of natural gas consumption by the population in 2011 was 171791 thousand m3. The structure of natural gas consumption in the municipal economy of the city is represented in Figure 17, natural gas consumption over the years in some of the buildings of the educational system is shown in Table 39.

13,02%

14,37%

0,25%

32,27%

24,93%

6,35% 8,82%

Buildings of state management Educational system buildings Health care buildings

Buildings of population social protection Housing and municipal utilities Houses of culture

Sports buildings

Figure 17. The structure of natural gas consumption in the utilities sector of the city

Table 39. The volumes of natural gas consumption over the years in some of the buildings of the educational system, m3

Building Name Year

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Kindergarten No. 22 582 1 472 223 110 0 Kindergarten No. 23 719 747 0 330 0 Kindergarten No. 47 0 13 215 13 232 12 230 10 800 Kindergarten No. 48 470 577 0 0 0 Kindergarten No. 51 1 531 1 278 2 855 1 910 0 Kindergarten No. 64 2 599 4 017 1 799 2 470 5 330 Kindergarten No. 65 992 1 991 1 950 1 270 0 Kindergarten No. 67 11 500 9 283 8 582 8 000 8 890 Kindergarten No. 70 10 475 9 630 10 976 14 780 10 110 Kindergarten No. 71 35 411 38 415 36 273 38 340 36 620 Kindergarten No. 78 1 374 1 827 3 340 770 0 Kindergarten No. 82 320 427 0 670 0 Kindergarten No. 85 1 300 2 420 3 280 840 0 Kindergarten No. 93 669 74 567 1 360 270 Kindergarten No. 94 310 1 183 100 830 0 Kindergarten No. 111 340 1 958 78 450 0 Kindergarten No. 112 27 512 29 089 31 595 29 460 26 100 Kindergarten No. 115 1 907 3 669 4 536 0 0

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Kindergarten No. 118 2 407 3 168 4 876 500 0 Kindergarten No. 125 308 849 0 1 350 0 Kindergarten No. 128 1 788 2 574 4 841 580 0 Kindergarten No. 131 40 048 36 067 44 261 39 200 41 480 Kindergarten No. 138 8 212 10 880 7 584 5 320 10 140 Kindergarten No. 148 42 490 57 419 64 674 47 030 50 990 High School No. 6 1 185 1 185 0 1 538 0 High School No. 9 52 817 6 926 0 0 0 High School No. 10 579 966 1 530 279 0 High School No. 20 599 1 995 0 175 0 High School No. 26 44 55 760 43 0 High School No. 44 319 676 50 5 982 0 High School No. 49 0 8 560 39 130 21 550 25 550 Maritime Lyceum 33 475 24 704 33 900 31 400 37 400

4.2.4 Coal Coal is used in several small boilers for heating a small number of municipal buildings. They consume small amounts of coal. The structure of coal consumption in the utilities sector of the city is represented in Figure 18. Coal consumption over the years in some of the buildings of the education system is shown in Table 40. For supply multi-storey housing fund, coal is not used. In low-rise housing stock coal is used insignificantly.

4,52%8,60%0,00%

86,49%

0,00% 0,00%0,39%

Buildings of state management Educational system buildings Health care buildings

Buildings of population social protection Housing and municipal utilities Houses of culture

Sports buildings Figure 18. Structure of coal consumption in the utilities sector of the city

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Table 40. The volumes of coal consumption over the years in some of the buildings of the education system, ton

Building Name Year

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Kindergarten No. 104 38 26 38 22 36 Kindergarten No. 147 24 14 9 7 9 High School No. 16 200 130 148 143 134 High School No. 23 321 260 278 246 320 High School No. 49 103 61 0 0 0

4.2.5 Other Other fuels for power supply of municipal buildings are not used. They are also not used for power supply of multistory housing. Their small amount is not regularly used in low-rise housing stock and it can be neglected.

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5. Screening energy audits 5.1 Select evaluation targets High actual and specific volumes of energy consumption in residential and public buildings in Ukraine are caused by the following factors: - the overwhelming majority of buildings constructed before 1996, when there was the building codes with low thermal resistance for walling; - in recent years, due to economic difficulties, lack of financial resources in state budgets at all levels it is impossible to carry out not only thermal modernization of communal buildings, but also in the necessary quantities to carry out current and restoring repairs, which led to the deterioration of thermal performance of buildings and the increase in energy consumption; - in recent years, due to the low-income, the majority of the population is unable to carry out thermal modernization in privatized housing. This state of energy consumption in residential and public buildings in Ukraine leads to large amounts of exhausts of greenhouse gases. The additional factors that increase emissions are as follows: - high specific fuel consumption for the generation of heat and electricity in CHP plants, thermal power plants, boilers of different capacities; - climatic conditions in Ukraine, characterized by a high index of degrees-days on the territory in the most part of Ukraine. These problems are also typical for residential and municipal fund in Mykolayiv. Under the conditions of the lack of financial assets on the thermal modernization of buildings it is especially important to choose objects and a list of work performed in order to obtain the maximum effect. These problems were solved during energy audits. For energy audit there were selected two groups of buildings: - buildings of childcare facilities and schools; - multi-storey residential buildings of various projects. The selection for the survey of buildings of kindergartens and schools is caused by the following: - high expenses for energy supply of these facilities in the city budget; - the importance of maintaining the temperature and sanitary conditions in these institutions; - the possibility of carrying out repair work during the summer vacation of students in schools, as well as the summer to reduce visits to preschools; - construction features of these buildings (a small number of floors, the lack of balconies and other architectural elements on the outer walling which lead to the rise in the cost of works). Although most of the apartments in high-rise residential buildings is privatized, their choice for the survey is caused by the following:

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- the state partly funded by buildings energy supply using a system of compensations, subsidies and setting rates that do not compensate the expenses of power supply companies; - most of the population due to low financial incomings are not able to pay the market rates for energy and the work on thermal modernization; - in the majority of blocks of flats there are no associations of homeowners, making it virtually impossible to implement repairs of buildings outside the living premises (staircases, roofs, basements, etc.) at the expense of tenants. The survey of blocks of flats enable to determine the list of activities at minimal cost to improve comfort conditions in the building and present them to the residents of these homes for co-financing, including the participation of various types of funds and state funding. 5.2 Targets analysis 5.2.1 General information The energy audit was conducted in two large groups of municipal buildings – in kindergartens and high schools. These groups of buildings consume 25% of electricity, 68% – thermal energy, 32% – natural gas, 87% – coal, which are purchased by the budget of the municipality. Energy audits of groups of residential buildings of different designs and years of construction were also conducted. In the process of energy audit of the educational system buildings the following data were analyzed: -general information about the building (purpose of the buildings, address, number of students, staff, etc.); - information on the building enclosure and its architectural features; - topological data about the location of the building; - information on the consumption of various forms of energy and fuel for a few years (thermal energy, electricity, natural gas and coal); - information about the energy consuming equipment in operation (electromechanical, boiler, apparatuses for cooking, etc.) - data on the lighting system; - data on the heating system; - information about the plans for the further use of the buildings, planned repairs and routine replacement of equipment. During the inspection of buildings of the educational system was done the following: - the fault location, destruction, deformation of walling were visually detected; - the temperature and humidity conditions within the premises were investigated; - thermal imaging inspection of exterior and interior surfaces of enclosures was produced; - the places of possible irregularities in thermal wall panels, filling of joints and of junctions between building structures were identified by means of thermographing;

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- the quantitative evaluations of the heat loss through the building enclosure with low thermal resistance and heat loss associated with the identified defects walling were carried out. For thermal imaging survey Fluke Ti25 thermal imager with the following technical parameters was used: - temperature measurement range - from –20 °C to +350 °C; - temperature measurement accuracy – ± 2 °C or 2% (whichever is greater); - field of view – 23° x 17°; - spatial resolution (IFOV) – 2.5 mRad; - thermal sensitivity (NETD) – 0,1 °C at 30 °C (100 mK); - infrared spectral band – from 7.5 microns to 14 microns; - visual camera – 640 x 480; - detector type – 160 x 120 focal plane array. Computer processing of the thermal images was made with SmartView 3.2.644.0 program. To measure the temperature at the fixed points, where it is impossible to hold the contact temperature measurement, Ranger MX portable infrared pyrometer with the following technical parameters was used: - measuring range of temperatures – from –30 °C to +900 °C; - error of temperature measurement, °C – ± 1...±3; - emissivity – adjustable in increments of 0.01; - optical resolution – 60:1; - the minimum spot size, mm – 19. Thermal imaging survey was carried out at night, to avoid the impact of solar radiation, at low outdoor temperatures and the lack of precipitation. Thermal graphing of wall surfaces was performed perpendicularly to their surface in horizontal plane or with a deviation of not more than 30 degrees. To find defects and pre-planning survey, the panoramic images of external surfaces were produced. During the energy survey of groups of residential buildings of different designs and years of construction was done the following: visual determination fault location, destruction, deformation walling, as well as thermal imaging survey of walling with the subsequent evaluation of heat losses. The external and internal surface of enclosures was subjected to thermal imaging survey. The initial examination of external surfaces of walling was made with a view to finding areas with high heat loss and subsequent team planning. In the process of thermal imaging survey there was determined: - areas of building structures with low thermal resistance; - places of hidden defects in structures and masonry, which lead to the increased heat loss; - places of defects in joints between prefabricated structures; - defects in the ceiling; - heat loss through doors, windows and glazed areas of buildings;

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- heat loss at the interface of building structures and ventilation systems; - areas of building structures, where there are conditions for moistening them. 5.2.2 Assumptions When conducting energy audits and performing the calculations we used the following assumptions: - year of construction is the year when the construction of the building has been completed (not the start of construction); - the number of floors is the number of floors used for its intended functional purpose (basements, semi basement, attics if they are only used for engineering systems and ancillary equipment they were not considered); - the number of heating elements of the heating system is the total number of heating elements, irrespective of their size, number of compartments, structures; - the lighting power of building is estimated according to the number of registered bulbs multiplied by their rated capacity; - orientation of the building is determined by the orientation of the main entrance to the building; - in the evaluation of heat loss through the building enclosure using the standard values of the coefficients of thermal resistance, as well as the regulatory indoor temperature conditions in force at the time of construction of the building; - in evaluating heat losses through the building enclosure the regulatory climate conditions currently in force were used; - for the base value of heat consumption of the building to calculate the efficiency of energy-saving measures there was adopted the large value of the actual consumption and the design heat consumption (this assumption is necessary because of the shortage in the supply of heat to some buildings); - hot water consumption is calculated on the basis of the existing rules according to the type of consumption; - the consumption of the illumination system is calculated on the basis of the existing regulations; - the consumption of electrical energy to various electromechanical equipment is calculated on the basis of the current regulations, and in their absence on the basis of the actual time of use (resulting in polls of institution personnel); - energy consuming equipment of non-continuous use and low power consumption was not taken into account in the calculations; - for the calculation of the following values of the power consumption of electrical appliances were used: a copier – 0.3 kW, a dishwasher – 2.8 kW, a drying apparatus – 1.2 kW, an electric boiler – 1.5 kW, an electric convector – 2 kW, an electric cooker – 4 kW, an electric frying pan – 4.8 kW, an electric heater – 2 kW, an electric iron – 2 kW, an electric kettle – 4 kW, an electric oven – 10 kW, an electric radiator – 2 kW, an exhaust fan – 1.1 kW, a food kettle – 9.5 kW, a food warmer – 2 kW, a glazing roll – 0.5 kW, an ironing machine – 3 kW, a kneader –2 kW, a meat grinder – 1.1 kW, a microwave oven – 800 W, a PC – 250 W, a printer– 0.3 kW, a refrigerator – 120 W, a spin dryer – 1.1 kW, a vacuum cleaner – 1.8 kW, a vegetable slicer – 1.1 kW, a washing machine – 2.2 kW, an air conditioner (9000 BTU) – 1.3 kW.

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5.2.3 The results of thermal imaging surveys of some of the buildings of the educational system in Mykolayiv In the progress of the work was carried out thermal imaging surveys of some of the buildings of the educational system in Mykolayiv. Including a survey was among of high school №52. The building of the school is located in the district of "Leski" of the dense high-rise buildings in Krylov St. 40. It is a three storey building built in 1979, construction volume of the building is 28075 m3, the total area of the building is 5152 m2, number of students according to the project is 1176. The building is connected to the central heating system, the maximum heating load is 0.43688 Gcal / h. The location of school №52 within the microdistrict shown in Figure 19, the general views of the building are shown in Figure 20. The dynamics of energy consumption of thermal and electric energy is presented in Figures 21 and 22, this school does not consume other energy and fuels. Thermal modernization was not carried out, only a few window designs were replaced for modern ones with PVC frames and double glazing 4M1-16-4M1. Some of the damaged door and window structures of high school №52, as well as the state of interpanel seams are shown in Figures 23...25. The damage and the state of windows and doors in the school are typical for most of the buildings of the educational system. Basically door designs of emergency and fire exits and also window designs outside classrooms and the front facade of the building are in bad state. Thermal imaging survey results are presented in Figures 26...29.

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Figure 19. The location of school №52 within the microdistrict

Figure 20. The general views of school building №52

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500Gcal

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Year

Figure 21. The dynamics of thermal energy consumption in high school №52

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000kW•h

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year

Figure 22. The dynamics of electric energy consumption of high school №52

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Figure 23. The damaged door constructions

Figure 24. The damaged window constructions

Figure 25. The state of interpanel seams

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Figure 26. The thermograms of the general views of school building №52

Figure 27. The thermograms of window designs of school building №52

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Figure 28. The thermograms of door designs

Figure 29. The thermogram of the basement structures of the building

Thermography of the buildings of the educational system in Mykolayiv showed that along with the general low coefficients of thermal resistance of the building enclosure, there are more excessive heat losses: through window frames in stairwells, corridors and various ancillary facilities; through door designs of the emergency and fire exits; through the basement structure of the building. The increased heat loss through the window and door designs are the result of various damages of these structures. The increased losses through basement structure are the result of damages of rainwater pipes and blind area of buildings, which leads to humidification of structures, as well as a consequence of insufficient insulation of pipe heating systems in the basements of buildings.

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5.2.4 The results of the thermal imaging survey of some high-rise residential buildings in Mykolayiv In the progress of the work the thermal imaging inspection of several multi-storey residential buildings of various designs was carried out. Some of them were a series of residential buildings to 96-k in the district "Namyv", Mykolayiv (their location in the urban areas is presented in Figure 30). Residential panel buildings typical for 96-k series are located in the city of Mykolayiv on Lazurnaya St. 16, 16а, 16б, 16в, 16г, 36а, 36б, 40 (all in the district "Namyv"), as well as on Chkalov St. 42; Kherson Highway 38; Heroes of Stalingrad Av. 15. All buildings have two typical sections, exception for the buildings on Lazurnaya St. 36б and 40, which have four typical sections. All buildings are 10-storeyed. The general views of the building on Lazurnaya St. 16г are shown in Figure 31. In the buildings there are the following technical equipments: heating system, hot water, cold water supply system, sewage system, electricity, wired radio, telephones, cable TV, lightning protection, elevators and their scheduling, garbage disposal. All the systems of the residential buildings are connected to the city utilities. The main design characteristics of the house on Lazurnaya St. 16а of this series are given in Table 41. The year of construction of the residential building is 1988. Table 41. The main characteristics of the design of a residential house in Lazurnaya St. 16а

Indicators

The dimension of

a values The design values

The number of apartments 119 The total area of the external walling m2 5142,55 Including: - walls m2 2932,55 - windows and balcony doors / door m2 943,40/8,2 - coatings (combined) m2 644,80 - overlap over technical semibasement m2 613,60 The area of heated space m2 6062,40 The area of residential and kitchen premises m2 3689,80 The volume of heated premises m3 9224,50 Factor of glazing of house facades 0,32 Index of house compactness 0,56 Designed heat losses for residential house kW 426,3 Yearly consumption of heat in a residential house

Gcal / year 758,1

Yearly consumption of conditional fuel in a residential house

tonnes of coal

equivalent / year

96,1

Building blind area m2 293

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Design thermal resistance of the external structures of a residential building is as follows: - exterior walls – 0.99 m2·K/W; - fencing of loggias – 0.3242 m2·K/W; - fencing of loggias (front yard) – 0.2654 m2·K/W; - coating – 0.72 m2·K/W; - windows – 0.4 m2·K/W. Other houses in this series have similar characteristics with only slight differences.

Figure 30. Location of a group of 96-k project houses in the district "Namyv"

Thermography of general views of buildings was previously performed, and then, on the basis of the results obtained, thermography of individual designs was held. Some results of thermography of general views are presented in Figure 32.

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The north side of the first section The north side of the second

section

The south side The end of the building from the

river side Figure 31. General views of 96-k project house on Lazurnaya St. 16г

Thermography of the elements of exterior designs of buildings showed that the most problematic are the following structures: - translucent structures of stairwells (see Fig. 33 and Fig. 34); - door designs of entrances (see Fig. 35 and Fig. 36); - door designs of entrances into ancillary facilities (see Fig. 37); - basement structure (see Fig. 38).

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Lazurnaya St. 16a Lazurnaya St. 16в

Lazurnaya St. 16в Lazurnaya St. 16г Figure 32. Thermography of general views of 96-k project buildings in the district

"Namyv"

Figure 33. Thermography of window designs of staircases inside the building

Figure 34. Thermography of window designs of staircases outside the buildings

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Figure 35. Thermography of the design of entrance doors inside the premises

Figure 36. Thermography of the design of entrance doors outside the buildings

Figure 37. Thermography of door design of entrance to the basement

Figure 38. Thermography of basement structures under the 1st floor balconies

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The thermography inspection of residential buildings of other structures revealed the presence of similar problems. The general views of some of the buildings surveyed are presented in Figure 39. Thermography of general views of these buildings is shown in Figure 40.

Lazurnaya St. 14a Lazurnaya St. 34

Str. Krylov 13 Str. Krylov 25

Figure 39. General views of some of the buildings surveyed

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Lazurnaya St. 14a Lazurnaya St. 34

Krylov St. 13 Krylov St. 25

Figure 40. Thermography of some general views of the buildings

Structures through which there is the intense heat loss are presented in Figures 41...44.

Figure 41. Thermography of window designs of staircases outside the buildings

Figure 42. Thermography of the entrance door structures outside the buildings

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Figure 43. Thermography of door designs for the entrance to the basement

Figure 44. Thermography of basement structures of the buildings

Thermography of residential buildings in Mykolayiv showed that along with the general low coefficients of thermal resistance of the building enclosure, there are more excessive heat losses through the window frames of staircases, entrance door structures, as well as through the basement structure. These increased heat losses through the windows and doors are the result of various damages of these designs. The increased losses through basement structure are the result of damages of rainwater pipes and blind area of buildings, which leads to humidification of structures, as well as a consequence of insufficient insulation of pipe heating systems in the basements of buildings. 5.2.5 Energy audit results The results of the energy audit in the educational system is presented in Appendix A. The data obtained enables to make the following conclusions: - almost all the buildings of the educational system were built before 1996, thermal modernization of buildings from the time of their construction has not been carried out, therefore the building enclosing structures have low thermal resistance, which do not meet modern requirements, and there is a high level of heat consumption; - all the buildings of the educational system have heating systems, most of which are connected to the district heating system; - a small number of buildings has its own boiler-rooms which mainly operate on natural gas and only a few use coal;

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- the length of the external heat networks which the building owns, is negligible, but the quality of most of the heat-insulating coating is unsatisfactory; - domestic heating systems of buildings usually have not been repaired since the time of the construction of buildings and flushing of heating systems for a long time have not been conducted in most buildings; - balancing valves, control and thermostatic valves in heating systems are not used, automatic control valves are used only in some heating substation of buildings; - the district hot water supply is virtually absent, only a few buildings have heat exchangers that heat the water from the coolant of district heating system, which only operates during the heating season; - hot water are usually received from small-size domestic electric hot-water heaters, which are located near the places of water consumption (only in Kindergarten №117 there is a modern industrial electrical accumulation water heater), the growth of electrical energy consumption in recent years, is also associated with an increase in the number of water heaters to meet the needs in hot water; - the regulatory requirements for hot water supply are not fully satisfied, especially in high schools, due to the lack of financial resources; - installations for use of renewable energy sources for heating and hot water are not apply; - forced ventilation systems, which provided by the design of buildings, are not used, there are only several exhaust systems in laboratories and cooking workshops in operation; - in the buildings of the educational system there are no central air conditioning systems, and the use of domestic air conditioners is insignificant as a consequence of short hot period attributable to summer holidays; - existing ceiling fans are rarely used; - almost all buildings are equipped with the system of metering of energy consumption; - all the window designs should have double glazing, but due to the lack of funds for the restoration in many buildings in the staircases, corridors and supporting areas mounted only one glass; - because of the lack of funds in many windows glazing are made of several pieces, and in some windows are mounted sheet opaque materials; - in recent years a gradual replacement of old windows for new PVC frames is carried out, the ratio of old and new frame designs mainly depends on the amount of the sponsorship, only a small number of buildings are obtained funds from the budget; - old window designs generally have wooden frames with separate or paired sashes, steel and aluminum frames are rarely used; - almost all the old window designs need to be replaced due to the deformation of window frames, wet rot and destruction, which causes increased heat loss due to excessive infiltration of outside air through them, some of them already can not be used to ventilate the premises; - almost all new PVC windows do not meet modern requirements for thermal resistance (they are mainly double-glazed windows 4M1-16-4M1), although their use in these buildings leads to significant savings in thermal energy by reducing air infiltration; - door designs have the same problem as windows, especially in the poor condition of the door designs of fire and emergency exits; - in a large number of buildings, the existing defects in the roof structure and eaves, leads to wetting of walling and, as a consequence, to reducing the thermal resistance;

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- there is significant destruction of structures of interpanel seams in some of panel buildings; - due to the non-compliance with temperature and humidity indoors, insufficient ventilation, and low thermal resistance of the building enclosure in some areas of the buildings there are humidifying of inner surfaces of walling; - the main sources of light on the surveyed buildings are incandescent and fluorescent lamp with electromagnetic ballasts, but the systems and sensors for automated lighting control are not used; - refrigeration equipment in the buildings are mostly old structures with long operating time and high power consumption; - different cooking equipment has also been used for a long time and power consumption is extremely high. According to a survey of high-rise residential buildings the following conclusions can be drawn: - the majority of high-rise residential buildings in the city of Mykolayiv were built before 1996, comprehensive thermomodernization has not been carried out, in consequence the building enclosures have low thermal resistance which do not meet modern requirements, and the buildings have a large consumption of thermal energy for heating; - a small number of residents independently carried out the insulation of external walls near their apartments, but the thickness of the applied thermal insulation structures is not sufficient to meet the modern requirements for thermal resistance, the quality of some applications of thermal insulation materials is doubtful; - all window designs in the houses should have a double glazing, but due to the lack of funds in many buildings in the stairwells, corridors and auxiliary rooms this demand is not met and there is only one glass or windows are closed with sheet opaque materials; - in residential buildings in the old window designs generally have wooden frames with separate or paired sashes; - in recent years there is a gradual replacement of the old windows on new designs mainly with PVC frames by the residents in their apartments, the ratio of old and new designs in different buildings is different, but generally rather comparable; - replacement of old windows on new PVC designs in stairwells, corridors and in service spaces has been fully implemented in only a few buildings at the expense of budget funds; - almost all new PVC windows do not meet modern requirements for thermal resistance (they are mainly double-glazed windows 4M1-16-4M1), although their use leads to significant savings in thermal energy by reducing air infiltration; - in stairwells, corridors and supporting areas in many buildings there are the damaged translucent structures, which do not prevent entry of outside air inside; - the majority of entrance door design in residential buildings have damages and warp frames, lack of thermal insulation, no closers; - because of the damage to windows and doors in the stairwells, corridors and supporting buildings there is intense infiltration of outside air and the air temperature in these areas is much lower than standard, it leads to a significant increase in heat loss; - in many of the buildings there is no account of thermal energy, which does not allow to determine the actual consumption of thermal energy;

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- buildings not have balancing valves, adjustment and thermostatic valves in heating systems; - the heating systems of the buildings usually not been repaired since the time of the construction of buildings in most cases and in most buildings flushing of heating systems has not been conducted; - in a large number of buildings, defective gutters and blind areas are causes to wetting of walling and, as a consequence, to reducing thermal resistance; - in some of panel buildings there is significant destruction of structures of interpanel seams. In Mykolayiv strong wind effects on high-rises and buildings there are only on the outskirts of the city and along the river and the estuary. Buildings of the educational system have a small number of floors (kindergartens - 1 or 2 floors, schools up to 4 storeys) and most of them are located within urban compact planning.

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6. Conclusions The efficiency of the use of energy resources in the existing buildings of the municipal housing stock does not meet modern requirements. They have a high specific energy consumption for all types of energy. Many buildings have damaged walling elements that increase the cost of heating buildings. Energy-consuming equipment and engineering systems are characterized by a high physical and moral deterioration. The Municipal Fund in Mykolayiv consumes up to 20000 tonnes of coal equivalent of different energy sources and to purchase them about 10% of the city budget is spent. City officials are interested in reducing the cost budget for energy supply, however, thermomodernization and reconstruction of power supply systems is hindered by the lack of funds in the city budget for their implementation. Most of the apartments in the building stock of Mykolayiv, as well as throughout Ukraine are privatized. The state, however, because of the low income of the population, is forced to spend part of the budget to reduce the cost of fuel and energy for the people. For this purpose, grants, subsidies and regulated tariffs are used. Budget expenditures for these purposes are significant and the government is interested in reducing energy consumption in housing. However, thermomodernization and reconstruction of housing stock are constrained by the lack of funds in the budgets of all levels, low incomes of population, lack of homeowners' associations of apartment buildings.

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References 1. Статистичний щорічник м. Миколаєва за 2012 рік. Миколаїв. 2013. 2. Миколаївська міська рада. Стан атмосферного повітря. Available at: http://www.gorsovet.mk.ua/surrounding/air_state.ua. (Date of access: 15/07/2014). 3. Миколаївська міська рада. Радіаційний фон. Available at: http://www.gorsovet.mk.ua/surrounding/air_state.ua. (Date of access: 15/07/2014). 4. Державна служба статистики України. ЕКСПРЕС-ВИПУСК. Житловий фонд України станом на 1 січня 2014 року. Available at: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/express/expr2014/06_14/158.zip. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 5. Державне агентство з енергоефективності та енергозбереження України. Проект Національного плану дій з енергоефективності до 2020 року. Available at: http://saee.gov.ua/sites/default/files/documents/nats-plan-052014.doc. (Date of access: 6. Паспорт житлово-комунального господарства України 2013. Available at: http://minregion.gov.ua/attachments/ content-attachments/1215/Ukrein.pdf. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 7. Україна комунальна. Статистичний бюлетень ЖКГ-2012 р. Available at: http://statistic.jkg-portal.com.ua/ua/statistic/statistichnij-bjuleten-zhkg-2012/. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 8. Галузева програма підвищення енергоефективності у будівництві на 2010 - 2014 роки. Available at: http://tc.nusta.com.ua/dkpku/dgerela/246.htm. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 9. ДБН В.2.6-31:2006. Теплова ізоляція будівель. Available at: http://dbn.at.ua/load/normativy/dbn/1-1-0-13. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 10. Норми та вказівки по нормуванню витрат палива та теплової енергії на опалення житлових та громадських споруд. КТМ 204 України 244-94. Available at: http://dwg.ru/dnl/11860. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 11. Енергетичний баланс України за 2012 рік. Available at: http://www.uabio.org/img/files/docs/ukraine-energy-balance-2012.pdf. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 12. ДСТУ-Н Б В.1.1-27:2010 «Будівельна кліматологія». Available at: http://dbn.at.ua/load/normativy/dstu/dstu_b_v_1_1_27_2010/5-1-0-929. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 13. ДБН В.2.2-4-97 «Будинки і споруди. Будинки та споруди дитячих дошкільних закладів». Available at: http://dbn.at.ua/load/normativy/dbn/1-1-0-158. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 14. ДБН В.2.2-3-97 «Будинки і споруди. Будинки та споруди навчальних закладів». Available at: http://dbn.at.ua/load/normativy/dbn/1-1-0-157. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 15. ДБН В.2.2-15-2005. «Житлові будинки. Основні положення. Будинки і споруди». Available at: http://dbn.at.ua/load/normativy/dbn/1-1-0-87. (Date of access: 20/03/2014). 16. ДСТУ Б EN ISO 7730:2011 (IEN ISO 7730:2005, IDT) «Ергономіка теплового середовища. Аналітичне визначення та інтерпретація теплового комфорту на основі розрахунків показників PMV і PPD і критеріїв локального теплового комфорту». Available at: http://dnop.com.ua/dnaop/act24255.htm. (Date of access: 20/03/2014).

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17. ДСТУ Б EN 15251:2011 (EN 15251:2007, IDT) «Розрахункові параметри мікроклімату приміщень для проектування та оцінки енергетичних характеристик будівель по відношенню до якості повітря, теплового комфорту, освітлення та акустики». Available at: http://budstandart.ua/read/document/show/3105176/id/198562517?submenu=10722. (Date of access: 20/03/2014).

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Annex A Screening energy audits – Municipality of Mykolayiv

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Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 2 118A Chkalov str., Mykolayiv 1978 3253 m2

Two (2) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 00:00-24:00 320

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (200000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 169 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 28.8 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

2 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 6 refrigerators, 3 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 2 exhaust fans, 1 drying apparatus, 2 electric irons, 1 PC, 20 electric heater

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is significant tree shading. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

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Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 5 41 Kolodyazna str., Mykolayiv 1986 3706 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 320

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (174000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 159 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 24.6 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

Water-to-water boiler (water heating during the heating season), 4 electric boilers

Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 5 refrigerators, 3 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 2 electric ovens, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 1 food kettle, 1 electric iron

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. There is partly tree shading. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

76  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 12 22 Lazurna str., Mykolayiv 1986 5456 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 242

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (344960

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 174 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 17.0 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

11 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 2 electric cookers, 6 refrigerators, 3 washing machines, 2 meat grinders, 1 electric oven, 2 electric frying pans, 1 exhaust fan, 3 electric boilers, 2 electric irons

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-West

Type of roof: Flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

77  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 29 9 Kolodyazna str., Mykolayiv 1987 3715 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 218

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (174000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 146 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 15.1 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

13 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 6 refrigerators, 3 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 exhaust fan

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North

Type of roof: Flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is partly tree shading. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

78  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 48 44Б Hromadyanska str., Mykolayiv 1959 766 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 71

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (76000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 62 radiators.

Lighting power: 9.4 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

7 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 1 electric cooker, 3 refrigerators, 1 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 1 electric iron, 1 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-B.3-58

Frame type: PVC frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

79  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 50 56 Kosmonavtiv str., Mykolayiv 1960 and 1984 1996 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 150

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (178000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 102 cast iron radiators and 18 tube registers.

Lighting power: 19.2 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

Water-to-water heat exchanger (water heating during the heating season), 4 electric boilers

Electrical appliances: 2 electric cookers, 3 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 2 vacuum cleaners, 2 electric irons

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-East

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-B.3-58 and СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

80  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 52 7Б Parusnyy iane, Mykolayiv 1985 4160 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 205

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (172550

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 112 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 13.3 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

13 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 5 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 electric oven, 1 exhaust fan, 1 glazing rolls

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: West

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

81  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 64 7A Krylov str., Mykolayiv 1962 1022 m2

Two (2) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 127

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (93660

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 67 cast iron radiators and 4 tube registers.

Lighting power: 15.8 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 gas boilers Electrical appliances: 1 electric cooker, 4 refrigerators, 3 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 5 electric heaters, 1 exhaust fan, 1 electric iron, 1 PC, 1 printer

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-B.3-58

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading. Roofing reconstruction is required. The Kindergarten uses natural gas for cooking and water heating. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

82  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 67 7/1 Myru av., Mykolayiv 1963 2141 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 280

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (210000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 184 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 13.0 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning units: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

Water-to-water boiler (water heating during the heating season)

Electrical appliances: 6 refrigerators, 1 washing machine, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 vegetable slicer

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-East

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-B.3-58

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading. The Kindergarten uses natural gas for cooking. Replacement kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

83  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 82 20A Zhovtneviy av., Mykolayiv 1965 1050 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 140

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (75500

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 74 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 15.7 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water: 4 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 6 refrigerators, 3 washing machines, 2 electric ovens, 1 electric iron, 1 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-East

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is significant tree shading.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

84  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 84 57A Heroes of Stalingrad аv., Mykolayiv 1966 899 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 118

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (70560

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 25 cast iron radiators, 17 tube registers.

Lighting power: 15.4 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

4 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 2 electric cookers, 7 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 exhaust fan, 1 electric oven, 1 electric iron, 1 vacuum cleaner, 1 electric frying pan

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

85  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 93 24/1 Zhovtneviy av., Mykolayiv 1968 1626 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 280

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (183000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double -pipe heating system. Heating units: 288 cast iron radiators and 168 tube registers.

Lighting power: 18.8 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning units: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

8 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 5 refrigerators, 1 spin dryer, 1 meat grinder, 2 washing machines, 2 electric ovens, 1 electric frying pan

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. Replacement kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

 

86  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 94 43A Sevastopolska str., Mykolayiv 1968 883 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 140

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (102000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 34 cast iron radiators, 8 indirect radiator and 21 tube registers.

Lighting power: 4.7 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning units: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

7 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 4 refrigerators, 1 washing machine, 1 electric oven, 1 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading. Roofing reconstruction is required. Replacement kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

 

87  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 103 43 Artem str., Mykolayiv 1992 2220 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 320

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (165180

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 144 cast iron radiators and 12 indirect radiator.

Lighting power: 24.5 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

Water-to-water boiler (water heating during the heating season), 12 electric boilers

Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 6 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 1 electric iron

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

88  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 106 297 Zhovtnevyy av., Mykolayiv 1964 1034 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 90

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (88600

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 82 cast iron radiators, 9 tube registers.

Lighting power: 10.3 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent, Fluorescent

Cooling: Air conditioning units: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

Water-to-water boiler (water heating during the heating season), 7 electric boiler

Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 5 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 vacuum cleaner, 1 vegetable slicer, 1 exhaust fan, 1 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: West

Type of roof: Flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

89  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 110 4 Rybna str., Mykolayiv 1972 1713 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:00 212

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (123320

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 29 cast iron radiators, 30 tube registers.

Lighting power: 17.2 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning units: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

Water-to-water boiler (water heating during the heating season), 8 electric boilers

Electrical appliances: 1 electric cooker, 5 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 exhaust fan, 1 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North

Type of roof: Flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

90  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 111 4A Korabeliv av., Mykolayiv 1973 1784 m2

Two (2) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 225

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (125590

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 97 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 15.8 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: 1 domestic air conditioning unit. Ceiling fan: Not Used.

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

Water-to-water boiler (water heating during the heating season), 2 electric boilers

Electrical appliances: 4 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 1 electric iron

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

91  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name:

Address: Year of construction:

Area (in m2): Number of floors:

Occupation profile (months/ days / hours): Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 115 19 Nikolska str., Mykolayiv 1970 1595 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 140

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (78000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 80 tube registers and 33 indirect radiators.

Lighting power: 13.0 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning units: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

3 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 4 refrigerators, electric cooker, 2 meat grinders, 2 washing machines, electric oven, 6 vacuum cleaners

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-East

Type of roof: Flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading. The restoration of blind area around buildings is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

92  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 123 4 Radisna str., Mykolayiv 1917 774 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 99

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (75000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 57 cast iron radiators

Lighting power: 8.2 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning units: Not Used. 1 ceiling fan

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

5 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 2 electric cookers, 5 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 electric iron, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric frying pan

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: No requirements

Frame type: PVC frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

93  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 127 27Г Myru av., Mykolayiv 1977 1717 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 280

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (127830

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 112 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 20.2 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

8 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 4 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric frying pan, 3 electric irons

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-East

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. There is significant tree shading. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

94  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 132 20 Korabeliv av., Mykolayiv 1979 2500 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 320

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (208910

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 128 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 25.1 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

4 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 6 refrigerators, 3 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 1 vacuum cleaner, 1 food kettle, 1 electric iron, 2 PC, 2 printers

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-East

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

95  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 134 156 Popel str., Mykolayiv 1980 2531 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 320

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (194820

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 351 indirect radiators.

Lighting power: 18.5 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

District heating system (during the heating season). 13 electric boilers

Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 4 refrigerators, 4 washing machines, 2 meat grinders, 2 electric ovens, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-East

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. The restoration of roof drainage is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

96  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 139 28A Artem str., Mykolayiv 1981 2140 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 320

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (190020

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 132 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 19.9 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

District heating system (during the heating season). 10 electric boilers

Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 4 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric iron, 1 electric frying pan, 1 glazing rolls

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-East

Type of roof: Flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

97  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 141 85A Heroes of Stalingrad аv., Mykolayiv 1981 2956 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 219

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (149760

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double -pipe heating system. Heating units: 107 cast iron radiators and 11 tube registers.

Lighting power: 35.2 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning units: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

10 electric boilers Electrical appliances: electric cooker, 4 refrigerators, meat grinder, washing machine, electric oven, electric kettle, 8 vacuum cleaners, electric iron, 2 electric radiators, 1 PC, ironing machine

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

98  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 142 38A General Sviridov str., Mykolayiv 1982 3746 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 07:00-19:00 320

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (377180

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 142 cast iron radiators

Lighting power: 26.7 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: 4 air conditioning units Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

14 electric boilers Electrical appliances:

1 exhaust fan, 2 electric radiators, 5 electric convectors, 1 spin dryer, 3 electric cookers, 5 refrigerators, 4 washing machines, 1 electric oven, 2 electric irons

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. Roofing reconstruction is required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

99  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

Kindergarten No. 144 42 Artem av., Mykolayiv 1978 2295 m2

Two (2) Sept – Aug / Monday – Friday / 06:30-18:30 320

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (196890

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 134 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 22.3 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

District heating system (during the heating season). 12 electric boilers

Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 6 refrigerators, 2 washing machines, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 1 electric iron, 1 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

100  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 6 2A Butomy str., Mykolayiv 1972 5247 m2

Four (4) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:30-15:30 1200

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (377200

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 258 cast iron.

Lighting power: 52.6 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 3 refrigerators, 1 exhaust fan, 1 electric iron, 12 PC, 2 printers, 2 copiers

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-West

Type of roof: Flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

101  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 13 84 Lenin av., Mykolayiv 1937 3483 m2

Four (4) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:30-14:50 500

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (254000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 96 cast iron radiators and 25 tube registers.

Lighting power: 16.0 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: 1 domestic air conditioning unit. Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 1 electric cooker, 1 refrigerators, 16 PC, 1 food warmer

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: No requirements

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. Roofing reconstruction is required. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of refrigeration equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

102  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 14 38 Svobodna str., Mykolayiv 1967 3860 m2

Two (2) and three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 07:30-17:00 1200

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (271400

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 247 cast iron radiators and 43 tube registers.

Lighting power: 67.4 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 1 electric cooker, 4 refrigerators, 11 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-East

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

103  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 15 22A Potemkin str., Mykolayiv 1938 3144 m2

Four (4) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-16:40 450

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (221660

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 141 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 25.1 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water: 1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 4 refrigerators, 1 microwave, 14 PC, 1 food warmer

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-East

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: No requirements

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. The restoration of roof drainage is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

104  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 18 2 Dachna str., Mykolayiv 1963 3278 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-15:00 / Saturday / 08:00-14:00 960

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (262410

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 189 cast iron radiators and 9 tube registers.

Lighting power: 36.2 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water: Not Used Electrical appliances: 4 electric cookers, 3 refrigerators, 23 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-East

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is partly tree shading. The increase of the depth of bricked up the window openings or the increase of their heat-protecting properties up to normative characteristics is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

105  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 27 70 Kuibyshev str., Mykolayiv 1980 2998 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:30-18:00 464

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (192610

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 126 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 35.3 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

3 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 1 electric cooker, 1 refrigerators,15 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-West

Type of roof: Flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is partly tree shading.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

106  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 35 10A Morehidna str., Mykolayiv 1963 3189 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:30-18:00 960

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (290040

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 541 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 27.0 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

2 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 3 electric cookers, 4 refrigerators, 1 food warmer, 16 PC,

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-B.3-58

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. The restoration of roof drainage is required. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

107  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 37 11A, Dalya str., Mykolayiv 1938 2787 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-15:30 600

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (221000

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 246 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 15.0 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 1 electric cooker, 1 refrigerators, 12 PC, 1 microwave

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: East

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: No requirements

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

108  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 42 73 Elektronna str., Mykolayiv 1977 7971 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:30-18:25 1176

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (496160

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 176 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 69.3 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 2 electric cookers, 5 refrigerators, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 1 kneader, 20 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is significant tree shading. The restoration of blind area around buildings is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

109  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 43 291 Zhovtneviy av., Mykolayiv 1970 5066 m2

Two (2) and four (4) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-17:00 1280

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (361710

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 213 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 33.5 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 2 electric cookers, 3 refrigerators, 2 electric pumps, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 22 PC, 3 printers, 1 copier

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-62

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is significant tree shading. The restoration of blind area around buildings is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

110  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 45 58, 4th Pozdovzhnya str., Mykolayiv 1959 and 1986 4355 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-15:00/ Saturday / 08:00-12:00 / Saturday / 08:00-12:00 / Sunday / 08:00-12:00 400 and 480

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (409970

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 348 cast iron radiators and 6 tube registers.

Lighting power: 64.6 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 1 electric cooker, 4 refrigerators, 42 PC, 1 exhaust fan, 1 kneader, 1 electric kettle

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-East

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-B.3-58 and СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of kitchen equipments is required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

111  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 46 10 9th Pozdovzhnya str., Mykolayiv 1961 and 1995 8970 m2

Three (3) and four (4) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-17:00 1570

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (588870

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 251 cast iron radiators and 20 tube registers.

Lighting power: 48.9 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: 4 air conditioning unit. Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

4 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 4 electric cookers, 4 refrigerators, 2 electric ovens, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 20 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: South-West

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-B.3-58 and СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: Wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. The restoration of blind area around buildings is required. Roofing reconstruction is required. The restoration of roof drainage is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

112  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 50 50 Myru av., Mykolayiv 1975 5463 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-14:35 / Saturday / 08:00-13:00 1176

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (362060

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 186 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 33.0 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 2 electric cookers, 5 refrigerators, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 1 kneader, 18 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-East

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is significant tree shading. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

113  

 

Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 51 3A Parusnyy iane, Mykolayiv 1976 8566 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-14:20 / Saturday / 08:00-12:00 1176

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (475250

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 173 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 45.1 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

2 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 2 electric cookers, 4 refrigerators, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 1 exhaust fan, 54 PC, 1 kneader, 1 food warmer

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: West

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-А.7-71

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is significant tree shading. The restoration of blind area around buildings is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

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Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 54 10 Korabeliv av., Mykolayiv 1983 7895 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:30-17:00 1568

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (526640

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. One-pipe heating system. Heating units: 310 indirect radiator and 9 tube registers.

Lighting power: 72.8 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

2 electric boilers Electrical appliances: 4 electric cookers, 3 refrigerators, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 electric frying pan, 23 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: West

Type of roof: Sloped and flat roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. There is partly tree shading. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

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Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 56 138A Kosmonavtiv str., Mykolayiv 1988 8557 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-15:25 1176

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (559950

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 459 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 55.9 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 4 electric cookers, 3 refrigerators, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric oven, 1 exhaust fan, 1 electric boiler, 1 kneader, 1 food warmer, 1 dishwasher, 24 PC

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-West

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: Aluminium and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. There is significant tree shading. The restoration of blind area around buildings is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

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Screening energy auditsheet GA 2: Analysis of internal current situation

GENERAL BUILDING INFORMATION

Building Name: Address:

Year of construction: Area (in m2):

Number of floors: Occupation profile (months/ days / hours):

Number of occupants:

High school No. 57 46 Lazurna str., Mykolayiv 1992 8336 m2

Three (3) Sept – May / Monday – Friday / 08:00-16:00 1296

Conventional photo Configuration of the building

ELECTROMECHANICAL AND LIGHTING

Electromechanical : Lighting and appliances: Heating: District heating system (580990

kcal/h). Average use: 161 days. Double-pipe heating system. Heating units: 142 cast iron radiators.

Lighting power: 58.5 kW

Type(s) of lamps: Fluorescent, Incandescent

Cooling: Air conditioning unit: Not Used Ceiling fan: Not Used

Shading: blinds

Hot domestic water:

1 electric boiler Electrical appliances: 5 electric cookers, 4 refrigerators, 1 meat grinder, 1 electric frying pan, 62 PC, 1 electric kettle

ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENVELOPE

Orientation: North-East

Type of roof: Sloped roof

Type of insulation: According to СНиП II-3-79

Frame type: PVC and wood frame, double glazing

OTHER COMMENTS / ANALYSIS

Warmth-keeping of external walls are required. The replacement of wooden window structures and doors of auxiliary exits is necessary. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. The replacement of incandescent lamps for energy-saving ones is required. Replacement of refrigeration and kitchen equipments are required.

INTERVENTION POTENTIAL Low Medium High

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 Annex Β Summarized statistics for the municipality of Mykolayiv

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Category 1: Profile of the Municipality Demography

1.1 Area covered (in km2): 259.8 1.2 No of citizens: 497000 1.3 Total resident population: 492500 1.4 Total annual population change over 5 yrs:

– 2080

1.5 Percentage of households that are 1-person households (in %):

25.7

1.6 Average size of households (in m2): 54.8

Social Aspects 1.7 Average price per m2 for an apartment (in €):

500

1.8 Average price per m2 for a house (in €): 1000 1.9 Percentage of households living in owned dwellings (in %):

16.17

1.10 Percentage of households living in social housing (in %):

83.83

1.11 Average living area in m2 per person: 21.4

Climate 1.12 Average annual temperature (in oC): 10.1 1.13 Average annual relative humidity (in %): 73 1.14 Average annual rainfall (mm): 445 1.15 Average annual snowfall ( days with snow):

37 days with snow cover; 14 days with snowfall; 7 days with snow and rain

1.16 Average annual sunshine (days with sun): 42,7 days with sun (cloudy 0–2 points)

102,0 cloudy days (cloudy 8–10 points) 1.17 Annual heat waves episodes (days with temp>30oC):

0 days with annual temp.>30oC 44 hours with temp.>30oC

1.18 Dry-warm period diagram: The figure below

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-10

0

10

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50

60

70

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90

100

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Rai

nfa

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-5

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Tem

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)

Average monthly rainfall Average monthly temperature

Dry-warm period diagram.

Economic Aspects

1.19 Unemployment rate (in %): 0.9 1.20 GDP per head (in €): 1913 1.21 Median disposable annual household income (in €):

3812

Training and Education

1.22 Percentage of working age population with tertiary education (in %):

19.7

1.23 Existence of higher education institution within the municipality boundaries:

National University of Shipbuilding named after Admiral Makarov, Mykolayiv National State University named after V.Sukhomlynskyy, Black Sea State University named after Petro Mohyla, Mykolayiv Branch of Kiev National University of Culture and Arts, Mykolayiv State Agrarian University, Southern Slavic Institute of the Kiev Slavonic Studies University, Mykolayiv educational center of Odessa National Law Academy, Mykolayiv Interregional Institute of Human Development of International University for Human Development “Ukraine”, Mykolayiv branch of the European University, Mykolayiv Polytechnic Institute. Total students – 34108

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Environment 1.24 Summer Smog (No. of days ozone (O3) exceeds 120µg/m3):

not measured

1.25 Number of days PM10 concentrations exceed 50 µg/m3:

not measured

1.26 Population density (No. of residents per km2):

1895.7

1.27 Water consumption (in m3/capita): 101.7 (total consumption)

63.4 (communal and household consumption) 1.28 Carbon footprint (in tn of equivalent CO2 emissions/capita/year):

3,785

1.29 Municipal area percentage (in %)

Forest and green area: 22 % Residential area: 40 % Industrial area: 30 % Agricultural area: 0 % Other: 8 %

1.30 Percentage of green recreational area within the urban residential area (in %):

12 %

1.31 Urban solid waste management scheme:

Recycling: 1.04 % Sanitary landfill: 93.22 % Uncontrolled disposal: 5.72 % Other practice: 0.02 %

1.32 Urban water management:

99.7 % biological treatment

1.33 Public transportation system total length (in km)

The total length of roads is 834.9 kilometers. The network of local route total length: bus – 1530 km; tram – 71.7 km; trolleybus – 57.9 km.

1.34 Existence of Environmental Management System (EMS):

Yes

1.35 Existence of an Environmental Monitoring Program:

Yes. Pollution of the atmosphere is controlled by the following components: dust, SO2, CO, NO2, NO, HF, formaldehyde. Also controlled by the ecological condition of water resources and background radiation.

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Others 1.36 No. of Municipal buildings: 35177 1.37 Total area of municipal buildings (in km2):

11.951

1.38 Other special regional characteristics: Mykolayiv is situated on the banks of Bugsky

estuary at the junction with the Ingul river 1.39 Other special demographic characteristics:

65.8 % of the population aged 20–39 years

1.40 Other comments:

Category 2: Local Energy Issues 2.1 Electrical energy consumption in your municipality in 2011 (in MWh):

1069500

2.2 Basic buildings heating energy source: CHP plant, boilers, domestic heat generators

using natural gas 2.3 Basic buildings cooling energy source: Household air conditioners 2.4 Is there any electricity production facility within the boundaries of your municipality?

Yes. CHP plant. Electric capacity – 71.4 MW Produced electricity in 2011 – 192400 MWh

2.5 Municipal buildings electrical energy consumption in your municipality in 2011 (in MWh):

is determined

2.6 Energy produced by Renewable Energy Systems within the boundaries of your municipality (in MWh and as a % of the local energy mix):

0

2.7 Heating Oil consumption in your municipality in 2011 (in MWh):

1050300 motor gasoline; 1381100 diesel fuel; 19100 heavy fuel oil

2.8 Municipal buildings heating oil consumption in your municipality in 2011 (in MWh):

0

2.9 Natural gas consumption in your municipality in 2011 (in MWh):

11533000 natural gas; 101660 liquefied gas

2.10 Municipal buildings natural gas consumption in your municipality in 2011 (in MWh):

3668400 natural gas; 3570 liquefied gas

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2.11 Other fuel (please specify) consumption in your municipality in 2011 (in MWh):

60130 8280

2.12 Municipal buildings Other fuel (please specify) consumption in your municipality in 2011 (in MWh):

5520 8280

2.13 Please specify if there are any special needs of high priority regarding your energy strategy of your municipality:

1. Thermal modernization of the 10-storey residential houses a series of 96-K. 2. Modernization of heating supply system. 3. Modernization of water supply and sewerage

Category 3: National Energy Issues 3.1 Please specify the energy mix of your country (including percentages per energy type):

natural gas – 36.91 nuclear energy – 18.66 solid fuels – 32.70 crude oil and oil products – 9.75 renewable energy – 1.98

3.2 National electricity carbon footprint emission factor (in t CO2/MWh):

1.171

3.3 Percentage of energy imported by other countries:

45.9

3.4 Percentage of buildings built before 1981, 1981-1999, after 2000:

before 1981 – 53 % 1981...1999 – 40 % after 2000 – 7 % (comparison of the area)

3.5 Indoors (residence) desirable temperature during warm/cold periods (in oC):

cold periods – 18...20 and others depending on the type of room; warm periods – not more than 30.9

3.6 Indoors (residence) desirable relative humidity during warm/cold periods (in %):

cold periods – 45...30 not more than 65; warm periods – 60...30 not more than 65

3.7 Required installed lighting power for residences (in W/m2):

ДБН В.2.5-28-2006 «Інженерне обладнання будинків і споруд. Природне і штучне освітлення» (Engineering equipment of buildings and structures. Natural and artificial lighting)

3.8 Are there any national regulation frameworks/specifications regarding maximum/required U- Values for building components? If yes please indicate:

ДБН В.2.6-31:2006 «Конструкції будинків і споруд. Теплова ізоляція будівель» (Design of buildings and structures. Thermal insulation of buildings)

3.9 Are there any national regulation frameworks/specifications regarding shading

ДБН В.2.5-28-2006 «Інженерне обладнання будинків і споруд. Природне і штучне

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coefficients for buildings? If yes please indicate:

освітлення» (Engineering equipment of buildings and structure. Natural and artificial lighting)

3.10 Is there a national assessment framework/regulation for assessing the energy efficiency of buildings? If yes, please indicate:

ДБН В.2.6-31:2006 «Конструкції будинків і споруд. Теплова ізоляція будівель» (Design of buildings and structures. Thermal insulation of buildings)

3.11 Are there any national funding programs (previous and ongoing) regarding energy efficiency of buildings? If yes, please indicate:

1. The program of reconstruction apartment houses of the first mass series. 2. National program for the reform and development of housing and communal services for the 2009–2014 years.