Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

w w w . i a e s j o u r n a l . c o m

International Journal of Information & Network Security (IJINS)

Vol.1, No.3, August 2012, pp.223~227

ISSN: 2089-3299 223

Journal homepage: http://iaesjournal.com/online/index.php/ IJINS

Broadcasting Traffic Load Performance Analysis of 802.11

MAC in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) Using Random

Waypoint Model (RWM)

Jogendra Kumar

G.B.Pant Engineering Collage Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand, INDIA

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article history:

Received July 03th

, 2012

Accepted July 23th

, 2012

Wireless networks are playing a major role in the area of wireless

communication. Ad hoc network is a collection of wireless nodes that

are communicate from one node to other nodes without using any

existing infrasturacture , access point, and centralized network. The

wireless communication devices are transmitters, receivers and smart

antennas. These antennas can be of any kind and nodes can be fixed

or mobile. The term node referred to as, which are free to move

arbitrarily in every direction. In this article showing the pefromance

of 802.11 MAC on basis of broadcasting traffic load using random

waypoint model In wireless mobile ad hoc network (MANET) . this

article main aim showing effictive performance of constant bit rate

based on broadcasting data from one network to other network.

Mainly this article focus on the performance metric such as 80.11

MAC Broadcast packet sent to channel, Packet from network layar,

Broadcast packets received, 802.11 MAC Unicast packet sent to

channel,Unicast packets received clearly.

Keyword:

Ad hoc network

MANET

802.11 MAC

Qualnet 5.0.2

Copyright @ 2012 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science.

All rights reserved.

Corresponding Author:

G.B.Pant Engineering Collage Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand, INDIA

Email: jogendra.1986@gmail.com

1. INTRODUCTION

All networks were however based on fixed infrastructures. Most common infrastructure based

wireless networks are cordless telephone, cellular networks, Wi-Fi, Microwave communication,

Wi-MAX, Satellite communication and RADAR. MANET stands for Mobile Ad hoc Network. In

MANET [5], nodes can move randomly thus, each node function as a router and forward packet to each

other device. Due to high node mobility network topology changes frequently. Therefore, routing in ad-

hoc network becomes a Challenging task. QualNet 802.11 MAC [3] model is based on the IEEE

Standard 802.11. It is acollection of MAC and PHY sepecification for wireless lan or 802.11 IEEE

standard. The original standard was establised in 1997. 802.11 IEEE wireless LAN Standard both the

MAC and physical layers to support various features such as higher bandwidth, QoS, security, and so on

in mobile ad hoc wireless network (MANET).Distributed Coordination Function (DCF)is a distributed

channel access based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) [3] with

method of the IEEE 802.11 MAC is DCF. The DCF shall be implemented in all STAs, for use within

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both ad hoc and infrastructure network configurations. Form STA1 to transmit to RTS, it shall sense

the medium to determine, if another STA2 is transmitting. If the medium is not determined to be busy,

then the transmission may proceed and send CTS frame . If the medium is determined to be busy, the

STA1 shall defer until the end of the current transmission. The CSMA/CA distributed algorithm

mandates that a gap of a minimum specified duration exist between contiguous frame sequences. A

transmitting STA2 shall ensure that the medium is idle for this required duration before attempting to

transmit again. After deferral to an ongoing transmission, or prior to attempting to transmit again

immediately after a successful transmission, the STA2 shall select a random backoff interval and shall

decrement the backoff interval counter while the medium is idle. A refinement of the method may be

used under various circumstances to further minimize collisions. Here, the transmitting and receiving

STA exchange short control frames (Request-To-Send (RTS) and Clear-To-Send (CTS) frames) after

determining that the medium is idle and after any deferrals or backoffs, prior to data transmission.

A. 802.11 MAC PROTOCOL

IEEE 802.11-1997 is a wireless LAN media access protocol: The Distributed Coordination

Function (DCF), implemented in QualNet, is a carrier-sensing protocol with acknowledgements,

and provides optional channel reservation capability using Request- to-Send (RTS) / Clear-to-Send

Packets, (CTS) and fragmentation. To select IEEE 802.11 DCF as the MAC protocol in

default.config, place the following entry in default.config in nodes placement scenarios.

Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) is a generic carrier-sensing protocol: When a radio

wishes to send data, it senses the channel. If the channel is busy, it backs off for a random time

period before sensing the channel again. If the channel is free, the radio transmits the packet.

Switched Ethernet is an abstract store and forward single switch-based 802.3 LAN with fixed

bandwidth and propagation delay: The model considers the switching fabric to be equivalent to

a set of point-to-point links connecting all sources and receivers, except that when multiple sources

attempt to send to a single receiver, their transmissions are serialized without additional buffering

overhead.

2. SIMULATION PARAMETER SETUP

Table 1 Simulation Parameter for 802.11 MAC

Parameters Name Values

Number of nodes 20

Area 700m*700m

Protocol Layer 802.11 MAC

Fading Model Rayleigh

Shadowing Model Constant

Energy Model MicaZ model

Battery Model Simple linear model

Node Placement Random waypoint model

Simulation time 900 sec

Channel frequency 2.4Ghz

Traffic load Constant Bit Rate with speed min=0

m/sec , max=20 m/s

Pathloss Model Two Ray Model

PHY802.11 2 Mbps

Antenna Model Omnidiectional Model

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3. NODES PLACEMENT SCENARIOS

Figure 1 Nodes Placement Scenarios of 802.11 MAC

4. ANIMATION VIEW OF SIMULATION SCENARIOS

Figure 2 Animation View of Simulation Scenarios for 802.11 MAC

5. SIMULATION PERFORMANCE RESULT OF 802.11 MAC

A. PERFORMANCE METRICS

Random Waypoint mobility model: We simulate three scenarios each scenario was run for 900

sec (simulation time). All the simulations show the required results. We get multiple graphs from

simulations like first we get for delay, sec is for the network load, and third one is for the

throughput. Main goal of our simulation was to model the behavior of the routing protocols. We

collected DES (global discrete event statistics) on each protocol and Wireless LAN. We examined

average statistics of the delay, network load and throughput for the MANET. A campus network

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was modeled within an area of 700m x700m. The mobile nodes were spread within the area. We

take the CBR traffic to analyze the effects on routing protocols. We configured the profile with

CBR application. The nodes were wireless LAN mobile nodes with data rate of 11Mbps. Random

waypoint mobility model was used in this simulation. The mobility model used is simple and it

show more good mobility behavior [5,6]. Mobile nodes move at a constant speed of 100 m/s, and

when reaches the destination, the pause time is 10 sec and after that it choose a new random

destination .To evaluate the performance of routing protocols of 80.11 MAC Broadcast packet sent

to channel,packet from network and Broadcast packets received and Result 802.11 MAC Unicast

packet sent to channel,Unicast packets received clearly and Packet from network.

Constant Bit Rate (CBR): Constant Bit Rate (CBR) is a traffic generator. This UDP-based client-

server application sends data from a client to a server at a constant bit rate. Random Waypoint

mobility model in random waypoint mobility model, the nodes randomly selects a position, moves

towards it in a straight line at a constant speed that is randomly selected from a range, and pauses at

that destination. The node repeats this, throughout the simulation. In the simulation, Constant Bit-

Rate (CBR) traffic flows are used with 4 packets/second and a packet size of 512 bytes [6].

80.11 MAC Broadcast packet sent to channel: Packets broadcast to all radios within

transmission Range

Packet from network layar: Packets received from Network Layer Protocol, ie IP

Broadcast packets received: Packets destined for all radios and successfully received by this

radio

802.11 MAC Unicast packet sent to channel: Packets with a specific destination address

transmitted on the channel

Unicast packets received clearly: Packets destined for this specific radio and successfully

received

B. SIMULATION RESULT OF 802.11 MAC PROTOCOLS

Figure 3 Showing Simulation result 80.11 MAC: Broadcast packet sent to channel,packet from network and

Broadcast packets received clearly Vs Nodes (s)

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Broadcasting Traffic Load Performance Analysis of 802.11 Using RWM (Jogendra Kumar)

227

Figure 4 Showing Simulation Result 802.11 MAC: Unicast packet sent to channel,Unicast packets received

clearly and Packet from network Vs Nodes (s)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Jogendra Kumar thanks Mr. Sandipvijay Head of the Department (HOD) and Professor of Electronic

Communication & Engineering in DIT (Dehradun Institute of Technology) Uttarakhand by recognized UTU

(Uttarakhand Technology University) Dehradun, Uttarakhand ,INDIA and also Thanks Mr. S.K Verma HOD

CSED G.B. Pant Engineering College Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand ,INDIA give me opportunity and provided

simulation tools Qualnet 5.0.2 to complete this article on Broadcasting Traffic Load Performance Analysis of

802.11 MAC in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) Using Random Waypoint Model (RWM)

CONCLUSION

This article gives the effective performance of 802.11 MAC protocol on constant bit rate and using random

waypoint model and showing the comparative performance of performance metrics such as performance

performance metric such as 80.11 MAC Broadcast packet sent to channel, Packet from network layar,

Broadcast packets received, 802.11 MAC Unicast packet sent to channel,Unicast packets received clearly. In

future you can implement 802.11 MAC, different routing protocols; energy consumed in different mode and

also takes more traffic sources.

REFERENCES

[1] Dinesh Singh, Ashish K. Maurya, Anil K. Sarje,”Comparative Performance Analysis of LANMAR, LAR1, DYMO

and ZRP Routing Protocols in MANET using Random Waypoint Mobility Model” PP 62-66, 2011 IEEE.

[2] Parma Nand, Dr. S. C. Sharma,” Routing Load Analysis of Broadcast based Reactive Routing Protocols AODV, DSR and DYMO for MANET” International journal of grid and distributed computing vol.4, No.1, PP 81-92, March 2011

[3] Legacy/"native" format 1x1 degree information is available at:U.S. Geological Survey. http://edcftp.cr.usgs.gov/pub/data/DEM/250/

[4] The government standard is available at: Digital Elevation Model Standards.” U.S. Geological Survey. 1998. http://rockyweb.cr.usgs.gov/nmpstds/demstds.html

[5] C.Siva Rammurty and B.S. Manoj , ”Ad hoc wireless networks architectures and protocols” ISBN 978-81-317-0688-6, 2011.

[6] The Qualnet 5.0.2 simulator tools online available www.scalable-networks.com

BIOGRAPHY OF AUTHORS

Jogendra Kumar received his B.E. degree in Computer Science & Engineering from H.N.B Garhwal

University Srinagar Uttarakhand (India) in G.B. Pant Engineering College Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, (India) 2008 and he is currently doing M.Tech (CSE) degree from UTU University

Dehradun Uttarakhand (India) in G.B. Pant Engineering College Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, (India)

with Registration ID No CSE1053545 and I am Member of International Association of Engineers

(IAENG) (USA) ,Member ID:121623, Internet Society (USA), Member ID: 77364 , International

Association of Computer Science and Information Technology (IACSIT), Member ID : 80344753 His

research interest includes mobile ad hoc networks and wireless sensor networks systems and also published various research papers in leading international journal & conferences.