BREEDS OF HORSESBREEDS OF HORSES

Terms to KnowTerms to Know

Domesticated – Tamed for use by manDomesticated – Tamed for use by man

Feathering – Fringe of hair around the Feathering – Fringe of hair around the horse’s foot just above the hoofhorse’s foot just above the hoof

Hands – The height of a horse, taken Hands – The height of a horse, taken from the top of the withers to the ground. from the top of the withers to the ground. 1 hand=4 inches 1 hand=4 inches

More Terms to KnowMore Terms to Know

Overo – White extends up from the Overo – White extends up from the belly & legs towards the backbelly & legs towards the back

Tobiano – White extends downward Tobiano – White extends downward over the horse’s back over the horse’s back

Horse TermsHorse Terms

Foal: Young horse of either sex up to Foal: Young horse of either sex up to one year of ageone year of age

Filly: Female less than three years of Filly: Female less than three years of ageage

Colt: Male less than three years of ageColt: Male less than three years of age Mare: Mature female, four or olderMare: Mature female, four or older Stallion: Mature male, four or olderStallion: Mature male, four or older Gelding: Castrated maleGelding: Castrated male

CLASSIFICATIONSCLASSIFICATIONS

Light Horse BreedsLight Horse Breeds

Breeds of PoniesBreeds of Ponies

Breeds of Draft HorsesBreeds of Draft Horses

Light Horse BreedsLight Horse Breeds

American Paint HorseAmerican Paint Horse American Saddlebred HorseAmerican Saddlebred Horse AppaloosaAppaloosa ArabianArabian MorganMorgan PalominoPalomino PintoPinto Quarter HorseQuarter Horse StandardbredStandardbred Tennessee Walking HorseTennessee Walking Horse ThouroughbredThouroughbred

Light Horse CharacteristicsLight Horse Characteristics

14 to 17 hands14 to 17 hands

Weigh 900 to 1,400 poundsWeigh 900 to 1,400 pounds

Primary use is for riding, driving or racingPrimary use is for riding, driving or racing

Generally more capable of more action Generally more capable of more action and greater speedand greater speed

American Paint HorseAmerican Paint Horse

American Paint American Paint characteristicscharacteristics

Origin: United StatesOrigin: United States

Color: White with any other color; may be overo Color: White with any other color; may be overo and tobianoand tobiano

Height: 14 to 16 handsHeight: 14 to 16 hands

Weight: 750 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 750 to 1,300 pounds

Uses: Stock, pleasure, show purposes, racingUses: Stock, pleasure, show purposes, racing

American SaddlebredAmerican Saddlebred

American Saddlebred American Saddlebred characteristicscharacteristics

Origin: Fayette County, KentuckyOrigin: Fayette County, Kentucky

Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, gray, black or goldenColor: Bay, brown, chestnut, gray, black or golden

Height: 15 to 16 handsHeight: 15 to 16 hands

Weight: 1,000 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 1,000 to 1,200 pounds

Uses: Saddle, pleasure, stock and fine harnessUses: Saddle, pleasure, stock and fine harness

AppaloosaAppaloosa

AppaloosaAppaloosacharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: Idaho, Oregon, & WashingtonOrigin: Idaho, Oregon, & Washington

Color: Variations & combinations of colors and Color: Variations & combinations of colors and spots; eye encircled with white, mottled skin; spots; eye encircled with white, mottled skin; hooves black & white stripedhooves black & white striped

Height: 14 to 15 handsHeight: 14 to 15 hands

Weight: 900 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 900 to 1,200 pounds

Uses: Stock, pleasure, race and paradeUses: Stock, pleasure, race and parade

ArabianArabian

ArabianArabiancharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: ArabiaOrigin: Arabia

Color: Bay, gray, chestnut; white on head & legs is commonColor: Bay, gray, chestnut; white on head & legs is common

Height: 14 to 15 handsHeight: 14 to 15 hands

Weight: 850 to 1,100 poundsWeight: 850 to 1,100 pounds

Dished face is most distinguishing characteristicDished face is most distinguishing characteristic

Uses: Saddle, show, stock, pleasure, racingUses: Saddle, show, stock, pleasure, racing

MorganMorgan

MorganMorgancharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: VermontOrigin: Vermont

Color: Bay, brown, black, chestnut; white markings less Color: Bay, brown, black, chestnut; white markings less commoncommon

Height: 14 to 15 handsHeight: 14 to 15 hands

Weight: 1,000 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 1,000 to 1,200 pounds

Known for easy manageability and remarkable enduranceKnown for easy manageability and remarkable endurance

Uses: Saddle, stock, harness, jumpersUses: Saddle, stock, harness, jumpers

PalominoPalomino

PalominoPalominocharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: United StatesOrigin: United States

Color: Golden with white, silver or ivory mane & Color: Golden with white, silver or ivory mane & tailtail

Height: 14 to 16 handsHeight: 14 to 16 hands

Weight: 900 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 900 to 1,300 pounds

Uses: Parade, pleasure, stock, saddleUses: Parade, pleasure, stock, saddle

PintoPinto

PintoPintocharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: United States, from horses brought in by Origin: United States, from horses brought in by Spanish conquistadorsSpanish conquistadors

Color: Half color (bay, brown, chestnut) with white Color: Half color (bay, brown, chestnut) with white spots from 2 to 12 inches acrossspots from 2 to 12 inches across

Height: 14 to 16 handsHeight: 14 to 16 hands

Weight: 750 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 750 to 1,300 pounds

Uses: Hunters, polo mounts, racing, saddle, stockUses: Hunters, polo mounts, racing, saddle, stock

Pinto Pinto characteristics cont’dcharacteristics cont’d

Type not color determines if a horse Type not color determines if a horse is identified as a paint or pinto. The is identified as a paint or pinto. The Pinto registry accepts several breed Pinto registry accepts several breed types, while the Paint registry types, while the Paint registry accepts only Quarter or accepts only Quarter or Thoroughbred conformation.Thoroughbred conformation.

Quarter HorseQuarter Horse

Quarter HorseQuarter Horsecharacteristics characteristics

Origin: Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado & KansasOrigin: Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado & Kansas

Color: Chestnut, sorrel, bay, dun, palomino, black, brown & Color: Chestnut, sorrel, bay, dun, palomino, black, brown & roanroan

Height: 14 to 16 handsHeight: 14 to 16 hands

Weight: 1,050 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 1,050 to 1,300 pounds

Well-muscled & powerfully built; considered most versatileWell-muscled & powerfully built; considered most versatile

Uses: Stock, racing, pleasureUses: Stock, racing, pleasure

StandardbredStandardbred

Standardbred Standardbred characteristicscharacteristics

Origin: United StatesOrigin: United States

Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, black, gray, roan and Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, black, gray, roan and dundun

Height: 15 to 16 handsHeight: 15 to 16 hands

Weight: 900 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 900 to 1,300 pounds

Developed primarily for harness racingDeveloped primarily for harness racing

Uses: Harness racing, trotting or pacing, showUses: Harness racing, trotting or pacing, show

Tennessee Walking HorseTennessee Walking Horse

Tennessee Walking HorseTennessee Walking Horsecharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: TennesseeOrigin: Tennessee

Color: Sorrel, chestnut, roan, black, white, golden, gray, bay Color: Sorrel, chestnut, roan, black, white, golden, gray, bay and brownand brown

Height: 14 to 15 handsHeight: 14 to 15 hands

Weight: 1,000 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 1,000 to 1,200 pounds

The running walk is distinctive to the breedThe running walk is distinctive to the breed

Uses: Pleasure, plantation walking, showUses: Pleasure, plantation walking, show

ThoroughbredThoroughbred

Thoroughbred Thoroughbred characteristicscharacteristics

Origin: England, developed as a running horseOrigin: England, developed as a running horse

Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, sorrel, black, gray; white on Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, sorrel, black, gray; white on the face & legs is commonthe face & legs is common

Height: 15 to 17 handsHeight: 15 to 17 hands

Weight: 900 to 1,400 poundsWeight: 900 to 1,400 pounds

Conformation emphasizes factors contributing to racing & Conformation emphasizes factors contributing to racing & sportssports

Uses: Race horses, saddle, stock, hunters and jumpers, polo Uses: Race horses, saddle, stock, hunters and jumpers, polo mounts mounts

Breeds of PoniesBreeds of Ponies

HackneyHackney

Pony of the AmericasPony of the Americas

Shetland PonyShetland Pony

Welsh PonyWelsh Pony

HackneyHackney

HackneyHackneycharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: EnglandOrigin: England

Color: Chestnut, bay, brown; white markings are desirableColor: Chestnut, bay, brown; white markings are desirable

Height: 12 to 16 hands (those under 14 are referred to as Height: 12 to 16 hands (those under 14 are referred to as ponies)ponies)

Weight: 800 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 800 to 1,200 pounds

Uses: Valued chiefly for show purposes, heavy harness or Uses: Valued chiefly for show purposes, heavy harness or carriage horsescarriage horses

Pony of the AmericasPony of the Americas

Pony of the AmericasPony of the Americascharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: Mason City, IowaOrigin: Mason City, Iowa

Color: Similar to AppaloosaColor: Similar to Appaloosa

Height: 46” to 54”Height: 46” to 54”

Weight: 400 to 800 poundsWeight: 400 to 800 pounds

Breed standard calls for conformation between Quarter Breed standard calls for conformation between Quarter Horse and ArabianHorse and Arabian

Uses: Western type using pony for youthUses: Western type using pony for youth

Shetland PonyShetland Pony

Shetland PonyShetland Ponycharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: Shetland IslesOrigin: Shetland Isles

Color: Black, dark brown, bay, chestnut, mouse & spottedColor: Black, dark brown, bay, chestnut, mouse & spotted

Height: 43” & under; 43” to 46”Height: 43” & under; 43” to 46”

Weight: 300 to 500 poundsWeight: 300 to 500 pounds

Develops long shaggy outer coat during winter months and Develops long shaggy outer coat during winter months and has a full mane & tailhas a full mane & tail

Uses: Child’s mount, harness, racing, roadsterUses: Child’s mount, harness, racing, roadster

Welsh PonyWelsh Pony

Welsh PonyWelsh Ponycharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: WalesOrigin: Wales

Color: Black, gray, bay, roan, cream, chestnutColor: Black, gray, bay, roan, cream, chestnut

Height: “A” division – 12 hands & under; “B” division – 12 Height: “A” division – 12 hands & under; “B” division – 12 hands & overhands & over

Weight: “A” division – less than 500 pounds; “B” division – Weight: “A” division – less than 500 pounds; “B” division – 500 to 900 pounds500 to 900 pounds

Uses: Child’s mount, harness racing, pleasure, parade, Uses: Child’s mount, harness racing, pleasure, parade, huntinghunting

Draft BreedsDraft Breeds

BelgianBelgian

ClydesdaleClydesdale

PercheronPercheron

SuffolkSuffolk

BelgianBelgian

BelgianBelgiancharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: BelgiumOrigin: Belgium

Color: Bay, chestnut, roanColor: Bay, chestnut, roan

Size: Wide, deep, low set bodiesSize: Wide, deep, low set bodies

Weight: Male – 1,900 to 2,200 pounds; Female – 1,850 to Weight: Male – 1,900 to 2,200 pounds; Female – 1,850 to 2,100 pounds2,100 pounds

Very docile & quietVery docile & quiet

Uses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm workUses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm work

ClydesdaleClydesdale

ClydesdaleClydesdalecharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: ScotlandOrigin: Scotland

Color: Bay and brown with white markingsColor: Bay and brown with white markings

Height: 16 to 17 handsHeight: 16 to 17 hands

Weight: Male – 1,700 to 1,900 pounds; Female – 1,500 to 1,700 Weight: Male – 1,700 to 1,900 pounds; Female – 1,500 to 1,700 poundspounds

Superior style and actionSuperior style and action

Heavy feathering of feetHeavy feathering of feet

Uses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm workUses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm work

PercheronPercheron

PercheronPercheroncharacteristicscharacteristics

Origin: FranceOrigin: France

Color: Black or grayColor: Black or gray

Height: 16-1 to 16-3 handsHeight: 16-1 to 16-3 hands

Weight: Male – 1,800 to 2,000 pounds; Female – 1,700 to Weight: Male – 1,800 to 2,000 pounds; Female – 1,700 to 1,850 pounds1,850 pounds

Extremely docileExtremely docile

Uses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm workUses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm work

SuffolkSuffolk

Suffolk Suffolk characteristicscharacteristics

Origin: EnglandOrigin: England

Color: Chestnut, varying from light to dark; no whiteColor: Chestnut, varying from light to dark; no white

Height: 15-2 to 16-2 handsHeight: 15-2 to 16-2 hands

Weight: Male – 1,600 to 1,800 pounds; Female – 1,450 to Weight: Male – 1,600 to 1,800 pounds; Female – 1,450 to 1,600 pounds1,600 pounds

Excellent depositionExcellent deposition

Uses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm workUses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm work