breeds of horses. terms to know domesticated – tamed for use by man domesticated – tamed for use...
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BREEDS OF HORSESBREEDS OF HORSES
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Terms to KnowTerms to Know
Domesticated – Tamed for use by manDomesticated – Tamed for use by man
Feathering – Fringe of hair around the Feathering – Fringe of hair around the horse’s foot just above the hoofhorse’s foot just above the hoof
Hands – The height of a horse, taken Hands – The height of a horse, taken from the top of the withers to the ground. from the top of the withers to the ground. 1 hand=4 inches 1 hand=4 inches
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More Terms to KnowMore Terms to Know
Overo – White extends up from the Overo – White extends up from the belly & legs towards the backbelly & legs towards the back
Tobiano – White extends downward Tobiano – White extends downward over the horse’s back over the horse’s back
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Horse TermsHorse Terms
Foal: Young horse of either sex up to Foal: Young horse of either sex up to one year of ageone year of age
Filly: Female less than three years of Filly: Female less than three years of ageage
Colt: Male less than three years of ageColt: Male less than three years of age Mare: Mature female, four or olderMare: Mature female, four or older Stallion: Mature male, four or olderStallion: Mature male, four or older Gelding: Castrated maleGelding: Castrated male
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CLASSIFICATIONSCLASSIFICATIONS
Light Horse BreedsLight Horse Breeds
Breeds of PoniesBreeds of Ponies
Breeds of Draft HorsesBreeds of Draft Horses
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Light Horse BreedsLight Horse Breeds
American Paint HorseAmerican Paint Horse American Saddlebred HorseAmerican Saddlebred Horse AppaloosaAppaloosa ArabianArabian MorganMorgan PalominoPalomino PintoPinto Quarter HorseQuarter Horse StandardbredStandardbred Tennessee Walking HorseTennessee Walking Horse ThouroughbredThouroughbred
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Light Horse CharacteristicsLight Horse Characteristics
14 to 17 hands14 to 17 hands
Weigh 900 to 1,400 poundsWeigh 900 to 1,400 pounds
Primary use is for riding, driving or racingPrimary use is for riding, driving or racing
Generally more capable of more action Generally more capable of more action and greater speedand greater speed
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American Paint HorseAmerican Paint Horse
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American Paint American Paint characteristicscharacteristics
Origin: United StatesOrigin: United States
Color: White with any other color; may be overo Color: White with any other color; may be overo and tobianoand tobiano
Height: 14 to 16 handsHeight: 14 to 16 hands
Weight: 750 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 750 to 1,300 pounds
Uses: Stock, pleasure, show purposes, racingUses: Stock, pleasure, show purposes, racing
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American SaddlebredAmerican Saddlebred
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American Saddlebred American Saddlebred characteristicscharacteristics
Origin: Fayette County, KentuckyOrigin: Fayette County, Kentucky
Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, gray, black or goldenColor: Bay, brown, chestnut, gray, black or golden
Height: 15 to 16 handsHeight: 15 to 16 hands
Weight: 1,000 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 1,000 to 1,200 pounds
Uses: Saddle, pleasure, stock and fine harnessUses: Saddle, pleasure, stock and fine harness
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AppaloosaAppaloosa
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AppaloosaAppaloosacharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: Idaho, Oregon, & WashingtonOrigin: Idaho, Oregon, & Washington
Color: Variations & combinations of colors and Color: Variations & combinations of colors and spots; eye encircled with white, mottled skin; spots; eye encircled with white, mottled skin; hooves black & white stripedhooves black & white striped
Height: 14 to 15 handsHeight: 14 to 15 hands
Weight: 900 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 900 to 1,200 pounds
Uses: Stock, pleasure, race and paradeUses: Stock, pleasure, race and parade
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ArabianArabian
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ArabianArabiancharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: ArabiaOrigin: Arabia
Color: Bay, gray, chestnut; white on head & legs is commonColor: Bay, gray, chestnut; white on head & legs is common
Height: 14 to 15 handsHeight: 14 to 15 hands
Weight: 850 to 1,100 poundsWeight: 850 to 1,100 pounds
Dished face is most distinguishing characteristicDished face is most distinguishing characteristic
Uses: Saddle, show, stock, pleasure, racingUses: Saddle, show, stock, pleasure, racing
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MorganMorgan
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MorganMorgancharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: VermontOrigin: Vermont
Color: Bay, brown, black, chestnut; white markings less Color: Bay, brown, black, chestnut; white markings less commoncommon
Height: 14 to 15 handsHeight: 14 to 15 hands
Weight: 1,000 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 1,000 to 1,200 pounds
Known for easy manageability and remarkable enduranceKnown for easy manageability and remarkable endurance
Uses: Saddle, stock, harness, jumpersUses: Saddle, stock, harness, jumpers
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PalominoPalomino
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PalominoPalominocharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: United StatesOrigin: United States
Color: Golden with white, silver or ivory mane & Color: Golden with white, silver or ivory mane & tailtail
Height: 14 to 16 handsHeight: 14 to 16 hands
Weight: 900 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 900 to 1,300 pounds
Uses: Parade, pleasure, stock, saddleUses: Parade, pleasure, stock, saddle
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PintoPinto
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PintoPintocharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: United States, from horses brought in by Origin: United States, from horses brought in by Spanish conquistadorsSpanish conquistadors
Color: Half color (bay, brown, chestnut) with white Color: Half color (bay, brown, chestnut) with white spots from 2 to 12 inches acrossspots from 2 to 12 inches across
Height: 14 to 16 handsHeight: 14 to 16 hands
Weight: 750 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 750 to 1,300 pounds
Uses: Hunters, polo mounts, racing, saddle, stockUses: Hunters, polo mounts, racing, saddle, stock
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Pinto Pinto characteristics cont’dcharacteristics cont’d
Type not color determines if a horse Type not color determines if a horse is identified as a paint or pinto. The is identified as a paint or pinto. The Pinto registry accepts several breed Pinto registry accepts several breed types, while the Paint registry types, while the Paint registry accepts only Quarter or accepts only Quarter or Thoroughbred conformation.Thoroughbred conformation.
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Quarter HorseQuarter Horse
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Quarter HorseQuarter Horsecharacteristics characteristics
Origin: Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado & KansasOrigin: Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado & Kansas
Color: Chestnut, sorrel, bay, dun, palomino, black, brown & Color: Chestnut, sorrel, bay, dun, palomino, black, brown & roanroan
Height: 14 to 16 handsHeight: 14 to 16 hands
Weight: 1,050 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 1,050 to 1,300 pounds
Well-muscled & powerfully built; considered most versatileWell-muscled & powerfully built; considered most versatile
Uses: Stock, racing, pleasureUses: Stock, racing, pleasure
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StandardbredStandardbred
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Standardbred Standardbred characteristicscharacteristics
Origin: United StatesOrigin: United States
Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, black, gray, roan and Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, black, gray, roan and dundun
Height: 15 to 16 handsHeight: 15 to 16 hands
Weight: 900 to 1,300 poundsWeight: 900 to 1,300 pounds
Developed primarily for harness racingDeveloped primarily for harness racing
Uses: Harness racing, trotting or pacing, showUses: Harness racing, trotting or pacing, show
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Tennessee Walking HorseTennessee Walking Horse
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Tennessee Walking HorseTennessee Walking Horsecharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: TennesseeOrigin: Tennessee
Color: Sorrel, chestnut, roan, black, white, golden, gray, bay Color: Sorrel, chestnut, roan, black, white, golden, gray, bay and brownand brown
Height: 14 to 15 handsHeight: 14 to 15 hands
Weight: 1,000 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 1,000 to 1,200 pounds
The running walk is distinctive to the breedThe running walk is distinctive to the breed
Uses: Pleasure, plantation walking, showUses: Pleasure, plantation walking, show
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ThoroughbredThoroughbred
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Thoroughbred Thoroughbred characteristicscharacteristics
Origin: England, developed as a running horseOrigin: England, developed as a running horse
Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, sorrel, black, gray; white on Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, sorrel, black, gray; white on the face & legs is commonthe face & legs is common
Height: 15 to 17 handsHeight: 15 to 17 hands
Weight: 900 to 1,400 poundsWeight: 900 to 1,400 pounds
Conformation emphasizes factors contributing to racing & Conformation emphasizes factors contributing to racing & sportssports
Uses: Race horses, saddle, stock, hunters and jumpers, polo Uses: Race horses, saddle, stock, hunters and jumpers, polo mounts mounts
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Breeds of PoniesBreeds of Ponies
HackneyHackney
Pony of the AmericasPony of the Americas
Shetland PonyShetland Pony
Welsh PonyWelsh Pony
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HackneyHackney
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HackneyHackneycharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: EnglandOrigin: England
Color: Chestnut, bay, brown; white markings are desirableColor: Chestnut, bay, brown; white markings are desirable
Height: 12 to 16 hands (those under 14 are referred to as Height: 12 to 16 hands (those under 14 are referred to as ponies)ponies)
Weight: 800 to 1,200 poundsWeight: 800 to 1,200 pounds
Uses: Valued chiefly for show purposes, heavy harness or Uses: Valued chiefly for show purposes, heavy harness or carriage horsescarriage horses
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Pony of the AmericasPony of the Americas
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Pony of the AmericasPony of the Americascharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: Mason City, IowaOrigin: Mason City, Iowa
Color: Similar to AppaloosaColor: Similar to Appaloosa
Height: 46” to 54”Height: 46” to 54”
Weight: 400 to 800 poundsWeight: 400 to 800 pounds
Breed standard calls for conformation between Quarter Breed standard calls for conformation between Quarter Horse and ArabianHorse and Arabian
Uses: Western type using pony for youthUses: Western type using pony for youth
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Shetland PonyShetland Pony
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Shetland PonyShetland Ponycharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: Shetland IslesOrigin: Shetland Isles
Color: Black, dark brown, bay, chestnut, mouse & spottedColor: Black, dark brown, bay, chestnut, mouse & spotted
Height: 43” & under; 43” to 46”Height: 43” & under; 43” to 46”
Weight: 300 to 500 poundsWeight: 300 to 500 pounds
Develops long shaggy outer coat during winter months and Develops long shaggy outer coat during winter months and has a full mane & tailhas a full mane & tail
Uses: Child’s mount, harness, racing, roadsterUses: Child’s mount, harness, racing, roadster
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Welsh PonyWelsh Pony
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Welsh PonyWelsh Ponycharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: WalesOrigin: Wales
Color: Black, gray, bay, roan, cream, chestnutColor: Black, gray, bay, roan, cream, chestnut
Height: “A” division – 12 hands & under; “B” division – 12 Height: “A” division – 12 hands & under; “B” division – 12 hands & overhands & over
Weight: “A” division – less than 500 pounds; “B” division – Weight: “A” division – less than 500 pounds; “B” division – 500 to 900 pounds500 to 900 pounds
Uses: Child’s mount, harness racing, pleasure, parade, Uses: Child’s mount, harness racing, pleasure, parade, huntinghunting
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Draft BreedsDraft Breeds
BelgianBelgian
ClydesdaleClydesdale
PercheronPercheron
SuffolkSuffolk
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BelgianBelgian
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BelgianBelgiancharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: BelgiumOrigin: Belgium
Color: Bay, chestnut, roanColor: Bay, chestnut, roan
Size: Wide, deep, low set bodiesSize: Wide, deep, low set bodies
Weight: Male – 1,900 to 2,200 pounds; Female – 1,850 to Weight: Male – 1,900 to 2,200 pounds; Female – 1,850 to 2,100 pounds2,100 pounds
Very docile & quietVery docile & quiet
Uses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm workUses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm work
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ClydesdaleClydesdale
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ClydesdaleClydesdalecharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: ScotlandOrigin: Scotland
Color: Bay and brown with white markingsColor: Bay and brown with white markings
Height: 16 to 17 handsHeight: 16 to 17 hands
Weight: Male – 1,700 to 1,900 pounds; Female – 1,500 to 1,700 Weight: Male – 1,700 to 1,900 pounds; Female – 1,500 to 1,700 poundspounds
Superior style and actionSuperior style and action
Heavy feathering of feetHeavy feathering of feet
Uses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm workUses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm work
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PercheronPercheron
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PercheronPercheroncharacteristicscharacteristics
Origin: FranceOrigin: France
Color: Black or grayColor: Black or gray
Height: 16-1 to 16-3 handsHeight: 16-1 to 16-3 hands
Weight: Male – 1,800 to 2,000 pounds; Female – 1,700 to Weight: Male – 1,800 to 2,000 pounds; Female – 1,700 to 1,850 pounds1,850 pounds
Extremely docileExtremely docile
Uses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm workUses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm work
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SuffolkSuffolk
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Suffolk Suffolk characteristicscharacteristics
Origin: EnglandOrigin: England
Color: Chestnut, varying from light to dark; no whiteColor: Chestnut, varying from light to dark; no white
Height: 15-2 to 16-2 handsHeight: 15-2 to 16-2 hands
Weight: Male – 1,600 to 1,800 pounds; Female – 1,450 to Weight: Male – 1,600 to 1,800 pounds; Female – 1,450 to 1,600 pounds1,600 pounds
Excellent depositionExcellent deposition
Uses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm workUses: Exhibition purposes, special attractions, farm work