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TheCognitiveProcessDimension

ATaxonomyforLearning,Research,andAssessing:ARevisionofBloomsTaxonomyofEducational

Objectives,eds,LorinAnderson,DavidKrathwohl,withPeterAirasian[et.al.]ISBN:080131903X

Recommend

all

of

Chapter

5

as

a

reference

when

writing

Learning

Objectives.

Category Sub

category

Synonyms Definitionandexamples

Remember:

Retrieverelevantknowledge

fromlongtermmemory

Recognize

Identify

Locatingknowledgeinlongtermmemorythatisconsistentwith

presentedmaterial(eg,RecognizethedatesofimportanceinU.S.

history)

Recall Retrieve Retrievingrelevantknowledgefromlongtermmemory(eg,recall

thedatesofimportanteventsinUShistory)

Understand:

Constructmeaning

from

instructionalmessages,

includingoral,written,and

graphiccommunication

Interpret: Clarify

ParaphraseRepresent

Translate

Changingfromoneformofrepresentation(eg,numerical)to

another(eg,

verbal)

(eg,

Paraphrase

important

speeches

and

documents)

Exemplify:

Illustrate

Instantiate

Findingaspecificexampleorillustrationofaconceptorprinciple

(eg,Giveexamplesofvariousartisticpaintingstyles)

Classify:

Categorize

Subsume

Determiningthatsomethingbelongstoacategory(eg,Classify

observedordescribedcasesofmentaldisorders)

Summarize: Abstract

Generalize

Describe

Abstractingageneralthemeormajorpoint(s)(eg,Writeashort

summaryoftheeventportrayedonavideotape)

Infer:

Conclude

Extrapolate

Interpolate

Predict

Drawingalogicalconclusionfrompresentedinformation(eg,In

learningaforeignlanguage,infergrammaticalprinciplesfrom

examples)

Compare: Contrast

Map

Match

Detectingcorrespondencesbetweentwoideas,objects,andthelik

(eg,Comparehistoricaleventstocontemporarysituations)

Explain:

Model

Constructingacauseandeffectmodelofasystem(eg,Explainthe

causesofimportant18thCenturyeventsinFrance)

Apply:

Carryoutoruseaprocedure

inagivensituation

Execute Carryout

Applyingaproceduretoafamiliartask(eg,Divideonewhole

numberbyanotherwholenumber,bothwithmultipledigits)

Implement Use Applyingknowledge(oftenprocedural)toanonroutinetask. (eg,

UseNewtonsSecondLawinsituationsinwhichitisappropriate)

Analyze:

Breakmaterial

into

its

constituentpartsand

determinehowtheparts

relatetooneanotherandto

anoverallstructureor

purpose

Differentiate

Discriminate

Distinguish

Focus

Select

Distinguishingrelevantfromirrelevantpartsorimportantfrom

unimportantparts

of

presented

material.

(eg,

Distinguish

between

relevantandirrelevantnumbersinamathematical wordproblem)

Organize

Findcoherence

Integrate

Outline

Determininghowelementsfitorfunctionwithinastructure. (eg,

Structureevidenceinahistoricaldescriptionintoevidenceforand

againstaparticularhistoricalexplanation.)

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Parse

Structure

Attribute Deconstruct Determiningthepointofview,bias,values,orintentunderlying

presentedmaterial.(eg,Determinethepointsofviewoftheautho

ofanessayintermsofhisorherpoliticalperspective)

Evaluate:

Makejudgments

based

on

criteriaandstandards

Check Coordinate

Test

Detect

Monitor

Detectinginconsistenciesorfallacieswithinaprocessorproduct.

Determiningwhetheraprocessorproducthasinternalconsistency

detectingthe

effectiveness

of

aprocedure

as

it

is

being

implemented. (eg,Determineifascientistsconclusionsfollowfro

observeddata)

Critique Judge Detecting inconsistenciesbetweenaproductandexternalcriteria,

determiningwhetheraproducthasexternalconsistency;detecting

theappropriatenessofaprocedureforagiventaskorproblem.(e

Judgewhichoftwomethodsisthebestwaytosolveagiven

problem)

Create:

Putelementstogetherto

formacoherentorfunctional

whole;reorganizeelements

intoanewpattern

Generate Hypothesize Comingupwithalternativesorhypothesesbasedoncriteria (eg,

Generatehypothesestoaccountforanobservedphenomenon)

Plan

Design Devisingaprocedure

for

accomplishing

some

task.

(eg,

Plan

a

researchpaperonagivenhistoricaltopic)

Produce Construct Inventingaproduct. (eg,Buildhabitatsforaspecificpurpose)