blood functions: a. distributive - delivers oxygen and nutrients to all cells - carries metabolic...
TRANSCRIPT
Blood functions:a. Distributive
- Delivers oxygen and nutrients to all cells- carries metabolic wastes to elimination sites- carries hormones to target organs- maintains body temperature; absorbs & distributes heat
b. Protective- maintains normal pH of tissues- maintains circulatory volume- prevents blood loss- combats infection
Physical characteristics of blood
•Viscosity = 4.5-5.5
•Temperature = 380C 100.40F
•ph = 7.35-7.45
•NaCl concentration = .85%-.90%
•Total body weight = 8%
•Volume = 4-5 L women, 5-6 L men
Hematopoiesis (Hemopoiesis) - blood cell formationOccurs in:
- myeloid tissue erythrocytes (rbc)all granulocytes (wbc)
. neutrophils, eosinophils, basophilsone agranulocyte (wbc)
. monocytesthrombocytes (platelets)
- lymphoid tissueone agranulocyte (wbc)
. lymphocytes
Erythrocyte disorders:- Anemias = reduced O2 carrying ability due to few RBCs.
. Hemorrhagic
. Megaloblastic (pernicious anemia)
. Hemolytic* Sickle Cell
. Aplastic - Polycythemia
. Blood doping
Leucocyte disorders:- leukemia = cancerous condition of WBC
. acute
. chronic- infectious mononucleosis = elevated white count, Epstein-Barr virus
Blood coagulation:50+ substances in blood involved in coagulation. Categorized as either:
ProcoagulantsAnticoagulants
Mechanisms of coagulation:1.Rupture of vessel initiates a series of chemical reactions that produce a
complex called prothrombin activators
2.Prothrombin activators cause the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin.
3.Thrombin causes fibrinogen to convert into fibrin fibers
Innate immunity: integument, tissue macrophages, stomach acidsAcquired immunity: formation of antibody response, activated T cells