THE CARDIOVASCULAR & LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

WHY IS THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IMPORTANT? Provides nutrients & oxygen Carries away wastes Helps fights disease

WHY THE BLOOD CIRCULATES

Your heart pumps blood to your body’s cells 24 hours a day. The heart does these important tasks:

-carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body cells-helps white blood cells fight disease by attacking infectious organisms.-absorbing nutrients from food and delivering nutrients to body cells-carrying carbon dioxide, from cells back to lungs to be exhaled

HOW THE BLOOD CIRCULATES

Cardiovascular system depends on the heart & it’s system of blood vessels to deliver blood through the body.

The heart is what makes the cardiovascular system work. The heart works as a pump that pushes blood to the organs,

tissues, and cells of your body.

THE HEART It has 4 chambers. The 2 top chambers are called the atria. The 2 lower chambers are called the ventricles. The septum separates the 4 chambers of the heart

BLOOD PRESSURE It is the measure of the amount of force

that the blood places on the walls of blood vessels, particularly large arteries, as it is pumped through the body.

The blood pressure is measure two ways The first measures your systolic pressure-

The maximum pressure as your heart contracts to push blood into the arteries!

The second number measures your diastolic pressure or the pressure at its lowest point when your ventricles relax.

A healthy blood pressure will vary within a normal range of below 120/90.

Exercise and stress will raise blood pressure.

Blood pressure that is above 140/90 is considered high and places a strain on the heart.

BLOOD VESSELS They carry blood throughout the body. There are three main types of vessels. They are the arteries,

capillaries & veins. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from

the heart. Capillaries are small vessels that carry blood from arties & to small

vessels called venules. Veins are blood vessels that return blood to the heart.

BLOOD TYPES There are different kinds of blood types, there are A, B, AB & O. Your blood type is determined by the presence or absence of

certain substances called antigens. When receiving blood, a person must receive blood from someone

with the same antigens. Anyone can receive type O blood type because it has no antigens. A transfusion is receiving blood from a donor

THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

The lymphatic system is a system of vessels, much like the cardiovascular system, that helps fight pathogens!

helps fight infection provides immunity to disease Tissues and vessels move and filter

lymph. It includes certain organs and tissues

such as the spleen, thymus glad, tonsils, adenoids, and appendix that help protect the body.

WHAT IS LYMPH? Lymph is the Clear liquid surrounding

all the cells in our body! Like plasma, Lymph contains water

and proteins. It also contains fats and specialized

white blood cells called Lymphocytes!

Like the white blood cells in the blood the Lymphocytes protect the body from pathogens!

LYMPH (CONT.)

It is filtered by lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are small bean-shaped

organs found in lymph vessels. White blood cells within lymph nodes

trap and destroy pathogens.

LYMPHOCYTES

There are two kinds of Lymphocytes B-cells and T-cells.

B-cells multiply when they come in contact with a pathogen!

Some B-cells produce antibodies that fight pathogens!

T cells multiply and enlarge when they come in contact with a pathogen.

LYMPHOCYTES (CONT.)

One of the 2 types of T cells, the killer T cells, release toxins that prevent infections from spreading.

Another type of T cell is the helper T cell, it activates both the B cells and killer T cells.

CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS! Heart murmurs are abnormal sounds

that are made as blood flows through the heart. Some murmurs are due to a hole in the heart, or a leaking or malfunctioning valve.