blood & circulation define these terms -cardiovascular system -heart -atrium -pacemaker...
TRANSCRIPT
Define these terms
-Cardiovascular system
-Heart
-Atrium
-Pacemaker
-Ventricle
-Valve
-Artery
-Capillary
-Vein
-Aorta-Coronary artery-Pulse-Diffusion-Blood pressure
CirculationYour body
resembles a large roadmap, There are routes or “arteries” that take you downtown to the “heart” of the city.
3 Major Parts of the Circulatory system
• Blood Vessels - routes blood travels
• Heart – pumps or pushes blood through body
• Blood – carries important “ *stuff ” through body
* Stuff – includes oxygen, food, & waste
# 1 Blood Vessels : One Way Streets
• Blood Vessels resemble very long and skinny tunnels that are all through your body.
3 Types of Blood Vessels
Arteries Capillaries Veins
Arteries
The walls of arteries are generally very thick. In fact, artery walls
consist of three cell layers.
Capillaries
In the capillaries, materials are exchanged between the blood and the body’s cells. Capillary walls are
only one cell thick. One way that materials are
exchanged between the blood and body cells is by diffusion.
VeinsAfter blood moves through
capillaries, it enters larger blood vessels called veins, which carry
blood back to the heart. The walls of veins, like those of arteries, have three layers, with a muscle middle
layer.
The Heart
–4 chambers ( or compartments )• 2 upper chambers : Left Atrium
Right Atrium
• 2 lower chambers : Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
Lub
If you listen to your heartbeat, it makes a lub dub
sound.
The lub is when blood is pushed out of the
heart into the body and the dub is the reloading of the heart with more blood ready to push it
out to the body
Dub
• Heart Rate can be determined using a Stethoscope
Average Heart Rate of some Mammals
28
200
50 30 970 40
376
0100200300400
Mammals
Hear
tbea
ts p
er
min
ute
Heart Facts• Hold out your hand and make a fist. If you're a kid, your
heart is about the same size as your fist, and if you're an adult, it's about the same size as two fists.
• Your heart beats about 100,000 times in one day and about 35 million times in a year. During an average lifetime, the human heart will beat more than 2.5 billion times.
• Give a tennis ball a good, hard squeeze. You're using about the same amount of force your heart uses to pump blood out to the body. Even at rest, the muscles of the heart work hard--twice as hard as the leg muscles of a person sprinting.
Heart Beat LabPurpose: How does physical activity affect your pulse rate?
Hypothesis:
Materials: stethoscope, stop watch
What to do:
First find your pulse in your wrist. Write down what you feel.
Now, with your partner use the stethoscope and listen to his/her heartbeat. Count the number of beats in one minute. Record this number. Next, walk in place for one minute and then listen to your partner’s heart beats and count them for one minute. Finally, do this again after running in place for one minute. After you have rested for another minute, record the number of beats in a minute. The last rest time is three more minutes. Record the number of beats again that occur in one minute. Now, record all this information in a data table.
Observation: Activity Pulse Rate
At rest (before you start)
Walking -1 minute
Running – 1 minute
Resting for one minute (after running)
Resting for an additional three minutes
Conclusion Questions1. Create a graph of data table.
2. What happened to your pulse rate when your physical activity stopped?
3. What can you infer about the heartbeat when your pulse rate increased?
4. What conclusion can you draw about the relationship between physical activity and your pulse rate?
5. Explain how you could improve the accuracy of your pulse/heartrate measurement.
• Plasma– Liquid part of blood– Water makes up
90%
• Red Blood Cells– They carry oxygen
to all parts of the body
– hemoglobin
• Platelets–Pieces of cells
that form “scabs” when you cut yourself
–Helps stop the bleeding
–fibrin
Blood TypesThere are 4 main Blood Types:
Type A, Type B, Type AB, and Type O
Blood types are determined by proteins known as marker molecules that are on the red blood cells.
Rh Factor• All blood types are
either positive or negative.
• If your blood type is Rh positive, you have the Rh marker, and if your blood type is Rh negative, you lack the marker on your cells.