The Cardiovascular System

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Left atrium

Left Ventricle

Aorta

Vena Cava

Right Atrium

Right Ventricle

By the end of this topic you should be able to:◦Identify the functions of the Cardiovascular

system

◦Describe the immediate effects of exercise on the Cardio-vascular system.

Objectives

Heart RateStroke VolumeCardiac OutputBlood Pressure

Cholesterol

Key Terms

Using your text book to help you, complete your task sheet.

Be prepared to feedback to the group on your findings

Task

Heart Rate (HR)

Stroke Volume (SV)

Cardiac Output

Key terms

Heart rate (HR)

Heart Rate◦ The number of times the heart

beats per minute (bpm)◦ Can vary considerably from person

to person,◦ Average resting HR = 72 bpm

Elite athlete e.g Lance Armstrong, Steve Redgrave, Paula Radcliffe can have significantly lower resting HR’s.

Max Heart Rate◦ 220 - age

Stroke Volume (SV) The volume of blood ejected from the heart

in one heart beat. At rest:

◦ approx 80ml During exercise:

◦ up to 130ml

Cardiac Output (Q) The amount of blood ejected from the heart

in one minute

Cardiac Output = Heart Rate x Stroke Volume

Q

HR SV

You have 5 minutes to research the following key term, before feeding back to another member of the group.

Blood pressure (pg 117 & 121)

OR

Cholesterol (pg 123)

Task

Make sure you know how the exercise effects your key term. (Blood pressure/Cholesterol)

The force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the blood vessels.

Systolic BP◦ The maximum pressure in the arteries when the hearts

contracts and pushes blood out through the aorta into the body.

Diastolic BP◦ The pressure of the blood during the relaxation phase

between heart beats.

Blood Pressure (BP)

Average Blood pressure is 120/80mmHg

Cholesterol• Cholesterol is a fatty substance

carried in the blood by lipoproteins.• Lipoproteins come in 2 forms:–High Density (HDL)– Low Density (LDL)

• HDL contains more protein than fat & is referred to ‘good cholesterol’ because it carries cholesterol away from the arteries to the liver which removes it.

• LDL consists of mainly fat. It is the major cause of cholesterol in the blood, & it can lead to a build up of plaque which can restrict blood flow in the arteries.– Blockages result in an increase in blood pressure

By the end of this topic you should be able to:◦Identify the functions of the Cardiovascular

system

◦Describe the immediate effects of exercise on the Cardio-vascular system.

Objectives

Heart RateStroke VolumeCardiac OutputBlood Pressure

Cholesterol

Key Terms

Produce a table that shows:◦ The immediate effects of exercise on the CV

system◦ The effects of regular exercise on the CV system

Homework

Immediate effects of exercsie

Effects of regular exercise

Increased HR Decreased resting Heart Rate