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Shree Shankar Narayan Education Trust’s

Shankar Narayan College of Arts, Commerce, B.Sc.I.T. And

B.M.S. And B. & I. & F.

Mahavidyalaya, Bhayander (e), Thane – 401105.

This is to certify that they have satisfactory completed the required things

for the case study of MODERN OPERATING SYSTEM for the topic

name as ”Blackberry OS 10” for semester III of year 2013-2014 by following members from SYIT-B

PAWAN CHATURVEDI [75]

DANIEL RAS [114]

SUMIT MISHRA [132]

AASHU SINGH [133]

VIVEK TIWARI [134]

And has completed the mentioned work laid down by the in charge of the subject.

Lecturer in charge Head of Department (Prof.Ganesh Narayankar) (Prof. Samita)

Date: September 2013 COLLEGE STAMP

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT APART FROM THE EFFORTS OF US, THE SUCCESS OF THIS PROJECT DEPENDS LARGELY ON THE ENCOURAGEMENT AND GUIDELINES OF MANY OTHERS.WE TAKE THIS OPPORUNITY TO EXPRESS OUR GRATITUDE TO THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN INSTRUMENTAL IN THE COMPLETION OF THIS PROJECT.

WE WOULD LIKE TO SHOW OURS GREATEST APPERCIATION TO OUR COLLEGE, OUR RESPECTED PRINCIPAL Dr. V.N.YADAV, PROF.GANESH NARAYANKAR AND OUR h.O.D Smitha dalvi. WE FEEL MOTIVATED AND ENCOURAGED EVERY TIME WE ATTEND HIS MEETING. WITHOUT HIS ENCOURAGEMENT AND GUIDANCE THIS PROJECT WOULD NOT HAVE MATERIALIZED.

THE GUIDANCE AND SUPPORT RECEIVED FROM ALL THE TEAM MEMBERS WHO CONTRIBUTED AND ARE CONTRIBUTING TO THIS PROJECT, WAS VITAL FOR THE SUCCESS OF THE PROJECT. WE ARE

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GRATEFUL FOR THEIR CONSTANT SUPPORT AND HELP.

SYNOPSIS:- In this presentation we are going to gain information about the BLACKBERRY OS 10.

Blackberry OS 10 is developed by the company name RIM

BLACKBERRY OS 10 is based on QNX microkernel.

We are going to study about the security provided to the data.

Following are the topics which we are going to study in this presentation:-

1. Introduction

2. Architecture of OS3. Process management4. Memory management5. Business Use6. Version7. Conclusion8. Bibliography

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INDEX:-1. Introduction 5

1.1 History. 5

1.2 Features. 10

2. Architecture of Operating system. 14

3. Process management. 19

4. Memory management. 26

5. Business use of Blackberry OS 10. 29

6. Versions of Blackberry OS 10 31

6.1 Blackberry OS 10.1 31

6.2 Blackberry OS 10.2 32

6.3 Blackberry OS 10.3 32

7. Merits of Blackberry OS 10 33

8. Demerits of Blackberry OS 10 34

9. Conclusion 35

10. Bibliography 36

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1.1 History:-

1. Primitive beginnings:-

The first operating system launched by Research in Motion

(RIM - the company behind BlackBerry)

Was actually on a pager rather than a smartphone. At this stage the OS already offered email, agenda, calendar and limited HTML access.

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2. 2000: The evolution begins:-

The second version of the BlackBerry OS was a big step forward from the first. The operating system was migrated from a two-way pager to PDA format and the capabilities of the platform were ramped up. The OS included email, web browser, agenda, calendar, notes and even games!

3. 2002: The first BlackBerry smartphone OS emerges:-

BlackBerry 3.x was the first version of the operating system to be used on board a phone. Features were very similar to the PDA version, though, notably, Java support was added for the first time.

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4. Color screens and improved web browsing:-

In 2004 the first color screen BlackBerry devices were unveiled, loaded with the shiny new BlackBerry 4.x OS.

BlackBerry OS 4 could be considered RIM’s first ‘modern’ smartphone operating system. The OS offered an improved HTML browser, a Gallery application for viewing photos and enhanced two-way chat capabilities.

BlackBerry OS 4 was the operating system with the longest shelf-life of all RIM’s platforms. After 2004, new versions were being released (4.1 (above), 4.2, 4.3, 4.3, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7 (below)) until 2008.

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5. BlackBerry goes main-stream:-

The launch of BlackBerry OS 5 coincided with the period of biggest expansion for BlackBerry. Its gain in popularity was in part thanks to improved mobile internet connectivity, and also through the launch of slicker hardware aesthetics, aimed at a younger generation of users.

Version 5 of the OS offered a much improved email application, file viewer, wireless contact syncing, Gmail integration, BlackBerry Maps, and much more.

BlackBerry OS 5 was also the first RIM operating system with support for touchscreen devices, which began to hit the market in 2008.

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6. 2010: The social revolution comes to BlackBerry:-

In 2010 RIM launched the sixth version of its operating system, which boasted among its new features: an improved browser, with tabbed navigation; integrated system search; social networking notifications (Facebook, Twitter, BlackBerry Messenger, LinkedIn, etc.) and a native YouTube app.

7. 2011: Minor tweaks:-

BlackBerry OS 7 is the version that today’s BlackBerry devices are armed with – at least until BlackBerry 10 rolls out. The new additions in respect to version 6 were: FM radio, a tool for creating Wi-Fi hotspots, NFC support and updates to some native applications.

8. 2013: BlackBerry 10 – RIM’s resurgence:-

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BlackBerry 10 will deliver a fresher, revamped UI, bringing wholesale changes made to the way users interact with their BlackBerry devices. It could be RIM’s last chance to stay in touch with the competition in the smartphone wars. RIM hopes that BlackBerry 10 will shake up the smartphone world.

1.2 FEATURES:-1. Gestures:-

Gestures are largely integrated within the BlackBerry 10.It features four main gestures for easy navigation. . Quick swiping up from the bottom edge of the bezel will result in users returning to the home screen. From there, users can view and close active applications. Users can also swipe from the top edge, to bring down a quick setting shade on the home screen, or an option shade on other supported apps. Also, while using any application, the upside down J-hook (starting from the bottom of the bezel and moving upward and right) allows users to peek at any notifications or messages on the BlackBerry Hub. Finally, swiping left to right (or vice versa) scroll through the available screens.

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2. Multi-tasking:-

Similar to BlackBerry Tablet OS, BlackBerry 10 OS also supports multitasking with gesture integration. Swiping up from any application brings up the running application screen, which function as an application switcher and a task manager. Users can switch through running applications by tapping on any of the apps or close them by tapping on the ‘X’ on the lower right of the app itself.

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3. Blackberry Hub:-

BlackBerry Hub acts as a notification center, with the user’s entire social and email accounts integrated into one app. These include, at launch, standard E-mail client, Twitter, Facebook, BlackBerry Messenger (BBM), and LinkedIn .Standard notifications like missed calls, voicemail, and system updates also appear on the hub. Users can perform various tasks like compose emails, send emails, and browse social networks, without accessing other apps. Developers are also given options to integrate apps into the Blackberry Hub.

4. Blackberry Balance:-

BlackBerry Balance is a new feature introduced in BlackBerry 10, enabling users to keep both personal data and office work data separated in its own spaces. Users can navigate between personal and work profiles. Any files created will stay within the profile partition.

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5. Keyboard:-

BlackBerry 10 features a new virtual keyboard. The keyboard also learns the user’s typing preferences, trying to auto-predict the next word The keyboard also uses contextual information to predict the next letter in a word sequence. In this case, words will appear above the letter that the OS thinks that the user will touch next.

6. Voice Control:-

Voice Control was also introduced in BB10, allowing users to send BBMs, schedule meetings, update social networks, and open apps using natural speech patterns. Voice control can also be used for typing on any screen that accepts keyboard input.

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2. Architecture of Operating system:-

Operating system structure mainly consists of following: -

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GUI (Graphic User Interface).

Command processor.

Kernel.

2.1 GUI (Graphic User interface):-

It is provided that user didn’t remember to complex syntax of the command language. Instead pointing to an option by mouse click.

With the help of mouse click the user can do his /her jobs.

The command processor executes all this selected command and GUI is used to release the user from the burden of remembering commands.

Fig. Command line Interface fig. Graphic user interface

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2.2 Command processor:-

It is a part which receives and executes OS commands.

Whenever a command is displayed the command processor waits for the command, after entering a command by a user the command processor makes sure that the command is valid or not and then execute it or issue an error message related to that command e.g.:- Operating systems with Graphic User Interface(GUI).

2.3 Kernel

In computing, the  kernel  is a computer program that manages input/output requests from software and translates them into data processing instructions for the central processing unit and other electronic components of

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a computer. The kernel is a fundamental part of a modern computer's operating system.

When a computer program (in this case called a process) makes requests of the kernel, the request is called a system call

It is a sender module of an OS it is a part of OS which load’s first and remain in the main memory.

It is important for the kernel to be as small as possible by providing all essential services requested by the other part of OS and application.

It is responsible for memory management, process or task management and disk management.

The basic facilities of kernel is as follows:- Memory management. Device management. System calls.

Types of kernel are as follows :- Layered Monolithic kernel Client-server kernel Microkernel

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Exokernel Nano kernel

This all type of kernel handles the process in different manner Currently most of the OS is running on MICROKERNEL type of

kernel. Blackberry OS 10 also runs on same type of QNX based

microkernel. MICROKERNEL : - Microkernels were developed in the 1980s

as a response to changes in the computer world, and to several challenges adapting existing "mono-kernels" to these new systems.

The real goal in designing a microkernel OS is not simply to "make it small."

This architecture strike to take out of the kernel as much functionality as possible.

This is possible by moving many OS services from kernel mode into user mode. Thus making kernel as small as possible it is hence it is called as micro-kernel.

It always stays in main memory and consumes less memory of the system.

User mode consists of file system, thread system, paging, macro scheduling, and network support.

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Advantages of microkernel:-

Robustness : - If there is a problem with a particular service it normally can recognize and restart without having to restart the computer completely i.e. a services would run in completely independent memory space and bugs misconfiguration will be less able to corrupt at kernel level.

Security : - By running the services lower level user processes their access to system resources is far more restricted.

Configurability : - Services can be changed without need to restart the whole system.

Modularity : - A highly modular architecture allows protocols to be separated from their implementations as well as maintaining a level of independence between the various modules and components / services of the system.

Flexibility : - Flexibility grants you with dynamic loading and unloading of modules.

Extensibility : - It gives the developers means to extend the current system with new protocol or schemes implementations.

3. Process Management:-Process management consists of process creation and destruction as well as the management of process attributes such as process IDs, process groups, user IDs, etc.

At the time of process creation OS allocate a number to the process called as PROCESS ID.

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Process can be identified by its number. If OS allows for a maximum number of N processes then the OS reserve a memory area to define the PCB’s for N processes.

Various types of Scheduling algorithms are used to manage multiple processes at a time.

They are as follow:-1. FCFS2. SJF3. Round robin4. Priority scheduling algorithm

Type of process Tasks

Interactive Command shells, text editors and graphical applications.

Batch Programming language compiler, database search engines and scientific computation.

Real-time Video and sound application, robot controllers.

There are various process states by which each process passes.

The various process are as follows:- New :-When a process is first created, it occupies the

“created” or “new” state. In this state, the process awaits admission to the “ready” state. This admission will be approved or delayed by scheduler.

Ready : - A ready or waiting process has been loaded into main memory and is awaiting execution on a CPU. There may be many ready processes at any one point of the system.

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Run : - The process executes in this part. If the process is ready for execution then it goes under run time part the execution occurs.

Terminate :-if the process encounters an exit event, it completes execution and is terminated successfully. Termination shows that the process is ended successfully.

Process primitives There four process primitives:1. Spawn()2. Fork()3. Vfork()4. Exec*()

1.Spawn () The spawn () call was introduced by POSIX. The function creates a child process by directly specifying

an executable to load.22

To those familiar with UNIX systems, the call is modeled after a fork () followed by an exec*().

However, it operates much more efficiently in that there's no need to duplicate address spaces as in a fork (), only to destroy and replace it when the exec*() is called.

However, it operates much more efficiently in that there's no need to duplicate address spaces as in a fork (), only to destroy and replace it when the exec*() is called.

This is done in the forked child just before the exec*(). For example, the following simple shell command would close and reopen the standard output before exec*()'ing.

When a process is spawn ()’Ed, the child process inherits the following attributes of its parent:

Process group ID.

Session membership.

Real user ID and real group ID.

Supplementary group IDs.

Priority and scheduling policy.

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Current working directory and root directory.

File creation mask.

Signal mask.

Signal actions specified as SIG_DFL.

Signal actions specified as SIG_IGN .

The child process has several differences from the parent process:

Signals set to be caught by the parent process are set to the default action.

The child process's tms_utime, tms_stime, tms_cutime, and tms_cstime are tracked separately from the parent's.

The number of seconds left until a SIGALRM signal would be generated is set to zero for the child process.

The set of pending signals for the child process is empty.

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File locks set by the parent aren't inherited.

Per-process timers created by the parent aren't inherited.

Memory locks and mappings set by the parent aren't inherited.

If the child process is spawned on a remote node, the process group ID and the session membership aren't set; the child process is put into a new session and a new process group.

The child process can access the parent process's environment by using the environ global variable (found in <unistd.h>).

2. fork() The fork () function creates a new child process by sharing the

same code as the calling process and duplicating the calling process's data to give the child process an exact copy.

Most process resources are inherited.

The following lists some resources that are explicitly not inherited:

Process ID. Parent process ID. File locks. Pending signals and alarms. Timers.

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The fork () function is typically used for one of two reasons:

1. To create a new instance of the current execution environment.

2. To create a new process running a different program.

Note: - That fork () should be called from a process containing only a single thread.3. Exec*()

The exec*() family of functions replaces the current process with a new process, loaded from an executable file.

Since the calling process is replaced, there can be no successful return.

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4. Memory management:- Main memory is central to the operation of computer. It is

used to store information means data as well as instructions that means programs.

The main function of memory management is to control each and every activities regarding main memory.

They are divided into four main category , which are given below:-

It keeps track of each and every memory location whether it is free or not.

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It decides whether memory is allocated to requested job or not.

When decision is OK then it allocates free memory to requested process.

When job or process is finished then it de-allocates memory from process.

Virtual memory:-

Virtual memory concept means separation of user logical memory from physical memory

Dynamic linking v/s static linking:-

Every program requires library functions for execution, it is combined in the object code by loader or linker or linkage editor is called as a linking.

When it is linked at the time of compilation then it is called as static linking or early linking or compiles time linking.

When it is linked at the time of execution then it is called as a dynamic linking or late linking or run time linking.

This is duty of memory management to provide this facility

Swapping:-28

Whenever program require a memory and there is no memory spaces available then it swaps it with another memory location these process is divided into two parts

Swap in:-in these scheme when CPU executes the process ,then some part of the process is loaded into the main memory and remaining part is stored in the secondary memory .During execution if CPU needs remaining part of the process from secondary memory then memory management loads it from secondary to main memory

Swap out:-sometime there is no main memory available so memory management is required to make some used memory to free. Hence it stores process of the main memory to secondary memory.

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5. BUSINESS USE OF BLACKBERRY 10:-

Blackberry OS 10 brought a revolutionary change is mobile OS to keep the user in touch with its business staff.

It provides a service to maintain a perfect balance between your personal and business life.

The service is named as ”BLACKBERRY BALANCE”

By the use of this service a user can carry its both personal and business staff in a same device.

Personal part will consist services such as social account (Facebook, twitter, etc.), music, video, image, calendar, BBM (Blackberry Messenger), Blackberry world, contact, mobile settings, browser, Google map, Bluetooth, etc.

Whereas business part will consist of services such as adobe reader, ppt reader, calendar, etc.

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Both of its data is stored in same device but in separate partition of memory.

Personal and business data are not allowed to collide with each other in the memory location.

User is allowed to synchronize its email account to device through the internet by using this service. This will keep him in touch with his/her office schedule, meetings, etc.

User can also synchronize his/her social account to this service.

Business part is protected by a personal password.

When user tries to access to the business part it first have to enter a valid password for security purpose.

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Invalid password restricts the un-authorized access to other people.

User cannot even copy paste the content of work data to personal data.

E.g.:- If user wants to copy some text from work space to personal space he/she is not allowed by an OS.

An error message will be popped on his/her screen.

6. Version history of Blackberry: As Blackberry OS 10 is the recently released OS, it does not

have much version of it. Still we have 3 versions to discus , which are as follows :-

Blackberry 10.0 Blackberry 10.1 Blackberry 10.2

Now let us discus about each version in brief :-

6.1 BlackBerry 10.0

Version Release Date Improvements/New features

10.0.9.34

8

(BlackBerry 10 release

version)See BlackBerry 10 for features.

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10.0.10.8

5March 1, 2013

3rd party app performance

Fixes for Gmail calendars

Improved - BlackBerry Hub - Call logs and how conversations are

handled

Improved - Camera - In low light conditions

Improved - Browser - How it handles video playback

Improved - Battery life - Over 60 power saving improvements made

6.2 BlackBerry 10.1

Version Release Date Improvements/New features

10.1.0.273 May 14, 2013

PIN to PIN messaging

Improved attachment support

Custom notifications

HDR Camera

Fine cursor control

Remote file access to computers

Allows password paste into system

fields

10.1.0.2006/10.1.0.2014/10.1.0.2019June 10, 2013/June 18, 2013/July 9,

2013 Fix for random software reboots

6.3 BlackBerry 10.2

Version Release Date Improvements/New features

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10.2.x.xxxx In Development

Headless Apps

USB Host Capability

Wi-Fi Direct and Mira cast

Flurry Analytics

Smart cards

Altimeter

Geofencing

Android Jelly Bean Support

Multiple Alarms

Level 1 Notifications

Task Manager

Screen Reader Mode

simple Screen lock

7. Merits:-

It provides good security for data.

It avoids collusion of personal and business data.

The BlackBerry World storefront provides a vibrant interface, streamlined purchasing process, and established payment methods to give your customers a consistent experience for managing their apps. The BlackBerry World vendor portal lets you distribute, upgrade, and track your app across BlackBerry device users around the world.

For BlackBerry 10, the BlackBerry World storefront offers a single, unified interface for apps, games, music, and television shows with different payment options (credit card, PayPal, and carrier billing). It also offers these features:

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Content promotion: Dedicated content channels and feature banners that provide prime real estate to help distribute your app to the right users.

App discovery: Universal search, top lists, social sharing, reviews, and ratings help users find the right app.

The Games app (in combination with Score loop): A specialized portal for gaming allowing multiplayer, social connections.

8. Demerits of blackberry OS 10 :-

New operating system was introduced too late into the ever-growing market.

Yet to have as many apps available for purchase or download compared to other phone in the market.

Consumers have switched over to other devices made by Apple or Android.

Swipe vs. home button. Once an application is opened, you have to swipe up to return to the main display.

Not differentiated from other software's on other devices.

Could be seen as cluttered.

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Managers and employees bring the workplace home with them

9. Conclusion of Blackberry OS 10:-

Blackberry OS 10 is made by a company named as RIM (Research in Motion).

It is recently released Operating system.

It allows multitasking.

It is a QNX based operating system.

It operates on microkernel type of kernel.

It provides a good option to keep both personal and business data in same device.

Good security is provided to the business data.

As it is recently released it does not have much versions.

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10. Bibliography:-

WWW.CRACKBERRY.COM

HTTPS://DEVELOPER.BLACKBERRY.COM/ NATIVE/DOCUMENTATION/BB10

WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM

HTTP://WWW.ENGADGET.COM/2013/01/30/ BLACKBERRY-OS-10-REVIEW/

HTTP://WWW.BLACKBERRYOS.COM/

References:-

Blackberry user manual guide

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