BIOTIC FACTORS

Výukový materiál EK 01 - 13Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková

Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan SmejkalProjekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů

Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

BIOTIC FACTORS • are made up of components of animate

nature• each individual in the environment is

influenced by:• individuals of the same species (populations)• individuals of various species (communities)

POPULATION• A set of individuals of the same species living

in a certain place at a certain time

POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS• density• placement• structure – composition• growth

POPULATION DENSITY• represents the number of individuals in a

certain area • (small organisms - large, large organisms -

small)

PLACEMENT• uniform – a planted forest• random - trees in the park• clustered – herds of herbivores

STRUCTURE - COMPOSITION• is determined by: the ratio between the sexes• the age structure of individuals• the social structure - a hierarchy

GROWTH• important is the correlation between the birth

and death rates• other factors are:• migration• emigration• immigration

RELATIONS BETWEEN POPULATIONS

• competition• predation• parasitism• symbiosis

COMMUNITY - BIOCENOSIS• a set of individuals of different species of

organisms living in a specific place at a certain time

• important are:• interspecific relations• stability• autoregulation

FEATURES OF COMMUNITIES• species diversity• various arrangements• changeability

WORKSHEET - REVISION• Biotic factors are made up of components of

………….. nature. Each individual in the environment is influenced by ……and ……… . Population is a set of individuals …………………. . Community is a set of …………………….…… . Populations have these characteristics: …………, ……………, …………… and ………… . Relations between populations are …….., …………….., ……………, …………… .

SOURCES• PAPÁČEK, Miroslav a kol. Zoologie. Praha:

pedagogické nakladatelství, 2000, ISBN 80-7183-203-0.

• KVASNIČKOVÁ, Danuše. Základy ekologie. Praha: Scientia,spol.s r.o., 1994, ISBN 80-85827-84-0