výukový materiál ge 02 - 46 tvůrce: mgr. Šárka vopěnková tvůrce anglické verze: thmgr....
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Výukový materiál GE 02 - 46Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková
Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Jiří FollerProjekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů
Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR
MOLECULAR GENETICS - RNA
2014
a necessary component of protein synthesis (= synthesis of proteins)
synthesis of proteins = protein synthesis : fundamental process, by which the
information from DNA is transferred into a particular sign
polynucleotide chain
RNA
three types of RNA: 1) m RNA messenger mediator linear synthesis in the cell nucleus enzyme RNA – polymerase the triplet of nucleotides after each
other following on mRNA is called codon
RNA
the nitrogen base is bound on the ribosome carbon in position1,
different from DNA because of the occurance of uracil instead of thymine
remaining bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine) are identical on both nucleic acids
RNA
RNA very various: mono helix and linear molecules also double helix structures > t RNA 3 types of RNA: m RNA t RNA r RNA
RNA
1) m RNA messenger mediator information it develops by the transcription from DNA
(enzyme RNA – polymerase) hundreds to thousands of nucleotides linear synthesis of m RNA in the cell nucleus a triplet of nucleotides following behind each
other placed on mRNA is called codon
RNA
2) t RNA transfer complicated structure short – 74 až 95
nucleotides the cord creates 4
arms secondary structure
- it reminds a shamrock trefoil
RNA
particular arms
attach to each other
=> they make up a
more complex
space formation –
so called tertiary
structure
RNA
AMA bind on the acceptor arm
anticodon arm it contains a triplet of nucleotides = anticodon
each anticodon in tRNA is complementary to the particular triplet of nucleotides in mRNA – to the codon
RNA
3) rRNA ribosomal contained in ribosomes translation proceeds on
ribosomes genetic information transcribed
from DNA into mRNA determines the order of amino acids in the protein chain
RNA
DESCRIBE THE PICTURE
Which picture depicts the tertiary structure of tRNA ?
REVISION
KOČÁREK, Eduard. Genetika: obecná genetika a cytogenetika, molekulární biologie, biotechnologie, genomika. 2. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 2008, 211 s. ISBN 978-80-86960-36-4.
SOURCES