biosafety level 2 is similar to level 1 and is suitable...
TRANSCRIPT
96/405
Biosafety Level 2 (BL-2, P-2)BIOSAFETY LEVEL 2 is similar to Level 1 and is suitable for work involving agents of moderate potential hazard to personnel and the environment. It differs in that:
Laboratory personnel have specific training in handling pathogenic agents and are directed by competent scientistsAccess to the laboratory is limited when work is being conductedExtreme precautions are taken with contaminated sharp itemsCertain procedures in which infectious aerosols or splashes may be created are conducted in biological safety cabinets or other physical containment equipment.
96/626
97/405
Biosafety Level 2
As in BSL-1
With emphasis on :GlovesMechanical pipettingAttention to sharps
Standard Microbiological Practices
97/626
98/405
Biosafety Level 2
Immunization or antibiotic treatment is available
Extreme precaution with contaminated needles or sharp instruments
Examples:Human body fluids/particularly when visibly contaminated with blood (Bloodborne pathogens)Measles virusSalmonellaeToxoplasma spp.Hepatitis B virusE. coli, pathogenic strainsAdenovirusHerpes simplex virusChicken pox
98/626
99/405
Biosafety Level 2
Needles & Sharps Precautions
Special Practices
DON’T Break, bend, resheath or reuse syringes or needles
DOUse sharps containers
99/626
100/405
Biosafety Level 2
DO Use Plasticwares
Special Practices
100/626
101/405
Biosafety Level 2
Policies and procedures for entry
Biohazard warning signs
Biosafety manual specific to lab
Training with annual updates
Special Practices
101/626
102/405
Biosafety Level 2
Use leak-proof transport containersSpecial Practices
102/626
103/405
Biosafety Level 2
ImmunizationsBaseline serum samples
Special Practices
103/626
104/405
Decontaminate work surfaces
Report spills and accidents
No animals in laboratories
Biosafety Level 2
Special Practices
104/626
105/405
Biosafety Level 2
BSL-1 PLUS:Use biosafety cabinets (class II) for work with infectious agents involving:
Aerosols and splashesLarge volumes High concentrations
Safety Equipment (Primary Barriers)
105/626
106/405
Biosafety Level 2
Class II Biosafety Cabinets
Airflow
Safety Equipment (Primary Barriers)
106/626
107/405
Biosafety Level 2
Supervision
Supervisor is a competent scientist with increased
responsibilities
Limits access if immuno-compromised
Restricts access to immunized
Lab Personnel
Aware of potential hazards
Proficient in practices/techniques
Special Practices
108/405
Biosafety Level 2 (BL-2, P-2)
When the infectious agent(s) in use in the laboratory require special provisions for entry(e.g., immunization), a hazard warning sign incorporating the universal biohazard symbol is posted on the access door to the laboratory work area.
Special Practices
Escherichia coliPrecautions:Must use Eye protection, lab coat, glovesOnly use under BSC
109/405
Biosafety Level 3 (BL-3, P-3)
BIOSAFETY LEVEL 3 is applicable to for work with infectious agents which may cause serious or potentially lethal disease as a result of exposure by the inhalation route.All procedures involving the manipulation of infectious materials are conducted within biological safety cabinets or other physical containment devices, or by personnel wearing appropriate personal protective clothing and equipment. The laboratory has special engineering and design features.
110/405
Biosafety Level 3
Class 3 agents are associated with serious or lethal human diseases for which preventative or therapeutic interventions may be available (high individual risk but low community risk)
Francisella tularensisHuman immunodeficiency virusHistoplasma capsulatumMycobacterium tuberculosisSt. Louis encephalitis virusCoxiella burnetii
Aerosol is a common route of transmission, and increases the risk potential for these agents
111/405
Biosafety Level 3
Safety Equipment (Primary Barriers)
BSL-1 and 2 Safety Equipment PLUS:
BSC class II or III to manipulate infectious material
112/405
Biosafety Level 3
Safety Equipment (Primary Barriers)
BSL-1 and 2
Safety
Equipment
PLUS:
Respiratory
protection
may be
indicated
113/405
Biosafety Level 3
BSL-1 and 2 Facilities PLUS:
Separate building or isolated zone
Double door entry
Directional inward airflow
Single-pass air
Laboratory Facilities (Secondary Barriers)
114/405
Biosafety Level 3
BSL-1 and 2 Facilities PLUS (cont.):
Enclosures for aerosol generating
equipment
Room penetrations sealed
Walls, floors and ceilings are water
resistant for easy cleaning
Laboratory Facilities (Secondary Barriers)
115/405
A ducted exhaust air ventilation system is provided.
This system creates directional airflow that draws air from "clean" areas into the laboratory toward "contaminated" areas.
The exhaust air is not recirculated to any other area of the building, and is discharged to the outside with filtration and other treatment optional.
The High Efficiency Particulate Air(HEPA)-filtered exhaust air from Class II or Class III biological safety cabinets is discharged directly to the outside or through the building exhaust system.
Biosafety Level 3
Laboratory Facilities (Secondary Barriers)
116/405
Biosafety Level 3
BSL-1 and 2 Facilities PLUS:Vacuum lines protected
Laboratory Facilities (Secondary Barriers)
117/405
Biosafety Level 3
As in BSL-1 and BSL-2
Standard Microbiological Practices
118/405
Biosafety Level 3
Supervision
Supervisor is a competent scientist
experienced working with agents
Establishes criteria for entry
Restricts access
Develops policies/procedures
Trains lab personnel
Special Practices
119/405
Biosafety Level 3
Lab Personnel
Strictly follow guidelines
Demonstrate proficiency
Receive appropriate training
Report incidents
Participate in medical surveillance
Special Practices
120/405
Biosafety Level 3 (BL-3, P-3)
Laboratory doors are kept closed when experiments are in progress.
When infectious materials or infected animals are present in the laboratory or containment module, a hazard warning sign, incorporating the universal biohazard symbol, is posted on all laboratory and animal room access doors.
Cultures, tissues, or specimens of body fluids are placed in a container that prevents leakage during collection, handling, processing, storage, transport, or shipping.
All potentially contaminated waste materials (e.g., gloves, lab coats, etc.) from laboratories or animal rooms are decontaminated before disposal or reuse.
Special Practices
121/405
Biosafety Level 4 (BL-4, P-4)
BIOSAFETY LEVEL 4 is required for work with dangerous and exotic agents which pose a high individual risk of aerosol-transmitted laboratory infections and life-threatening disease. Members of the laboratory staff have specific and thorough training in handling extremely hazardous infectious agentsAccess to the laboratory is strictly controlled by the laboratory director.
122/405
Biosafety Level 4 (BL-4, P-4)
The facility is either in a separate building or in a controlled area within a building, which is completely isolated from all other areas of the building.Within work areas of the facility, all activities are confined to Class III biological safety cabinets, or Class II biological safety cabinets used with one-piece positive pressure personnel suitsventilated by a life support system. The Biosafety Level 4 laboratory has special engineering and design features to prevent microorganisms from being disseminated into the environment.
123/405
Biosafety Level 4
Class 4 agents are likely to cause serious
or lethal human disease for which
preventive or therapeutic interventions are
not usually available (high individual risk
and high community risk)
Ebola virus
Herpes B virus (Cercopithecine)
Lassa fever virus
124/405
Biosafety Level 4
The Biosafety Level 4 facility consists of either a separate building or a clearly demarcated and isolated zone within a building. Outer and inner change rooms separated by a shower are provided for personnel entering and leaving the facility. Walls, floors, and ceilings of the facility are constructed to form a sealed internal shell which facilitates fumigation and is animal-proof and insect-proof. The internal surfaces of this shell are resistant to liquids and chemicals, thus facilitating cleaning and decontamination of the area.
Laboratory Facility (Secondary Barriers)
125/405
Biosafety Level 4
All penetrations in these structures and surfaces are sealed. Any drains in the floors contain traps filled with a chemical disinfectant of demonstrated efficacy against the target agent, and they are connected directly to the liquid waste decontamination system. A foot, elbow, or automatically operatedhand-washing sink is provided near the door of each laboratory room in the facility.If water fountains are provided, they are foot operated and are located in the facility corridors outside the laboratory.
Laboratory Facility (Secondary Barriers)
126/405
Biosafety Level 4
Access doors to the laboratory are self-closing and lockable.Any windows are breakage resistant.A double-doored autoclave is provided for decontaminating materials passing out of the facility. The airflow in the supply and exhaust components is monitored and the components interlocked to assure inward airflow is maintained.A specially designed suit area may be provided in the facility to provide personnel protection equivalent to that provided by Class III cabinets.
Laboratory Facility (Secondary Barriers)
127/405
Biosafety Level 4
Access to the facility is limited by means of secure, locked doors; accessibility is managed by the laboratory director, biohazards control officer, or other person responsible for the physical security of the facility. Before entering, persons are advised of the potential biohazards and instructed as to appropriate safeguards for insuring their safety. A logbook, signed by all personnel, indicates the date and time of each entry and exit. When infectious materials or infected animals are present in the laboratory or animal rooms, hazard warning signs, incorporating the universal biohazard symbol, are posted on all access doors.
Special Practices
128/405
Biosafety Level 4
Personnel enter and leave the facility only through the clothing change and shower rooms, and shower each time they leave the facility. Personnel use the airlocks to enter or leave the laboratory only in an emergency.Supplies and materials needed in the facility are brought in by way of the double-doored autoclave, fumigation chamber, or airlock, which is appropriately decontaminated between each use. Materials (e.g., plants, animals, and clothing) not related to the experiment being conducted are not permitted in the facility.
Special Practices
129/405
Relationships
Risk Group BSL Level Examples Practices Facilities,
Equipment
1 BasicBSL 1
Basic Teaching, Research
Good Microbiological Techniques (GMT)
None required; open benchwork, directional airflow
2 BasicBSL 2
Primary health services, diagnostic, teaching, public health
Level 1 plus protective clothing, biohazard signage
Open bench plus Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC) for aerosols
3 ContainmentBSL 3
Special diagnostic, research
Level 2 plus special clothing, controlled access
BSC and/or other primary containment devices for all activities
4Maximum
ContainmentBSL 3
Dangerous pathogen unit
Level 3 plus airlock entry, shower exit, special waste disposal
Class III BSC or positive pressure suits, double door autoclave, filtered air
130/405
Some Available References for Risk Assessment and Lab Safety
Laboratory Biosafety Manual, 3rd edition
World Health OrganizatioGeneva 2004