biomass bioaugmentation in a single- stage nitritation

HEADER TEXTUNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA

Water & Energy Sustainable Technology Center

Biomass Bioaugmentation in a Single-Stage Nitritation-Anammox Reactor for

Mainstream Deammonification

Partners Funding

Jim Field1, Jeff Prevatt2, Guangbin Li1 and Reyes Sierra1

Award#1705671

1, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona2, Pima County Regional Wastewater Reclamation Department (PCRWRD)

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterThe N Cycle

NH4+N2

NO2-

NO3-

Org-Nmineralizationas

sim

ilatio

nO2

O2e-

e-

N-fixation

nitrification-denitrification

Conventional Nutrient N Removal Costs

Nitrification:

Denitrification:

NO3- + 5 e- eq → 0.5 N2

64 g O2 / mol N

40 g COD/ mol N

AOB

NOB


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterThe Missing Link In The N Cycle

NH4+N2

NO2-

NO3-

Org-N

Anammox

mineralizationas

sim

ilatio

nO2

O2e-

e-

N-fixation

Anammox

Discovered in Late 1980’s in The Netherlands

Simplified Stoichiometry

N2NH4+ NO2-ammonia nitrate dinitrogen gas

+

Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation

Year1995 2015

Full

scal

e in

stal

latio

n

Scie

ntifi

c pu

blic

atio

ns

120 1,400

Lackner et al., 2014


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterCosts and Savings of Anammox

Anammox Reaction (Detailed Stoichiometry)

NH4+

(100% N)

57% flow

43% flow

57% less O2

no O2 needed for anammox

NitritationAnammox

N2 89% NNO3

- 11% NAOB

NO2-

no COD needed for anammox

Anammox is combined with AOB as a technology

O2 No COD


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterMoving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)

Wastewater

Treated Effluent

Aeration Mixer

MediaANAM

MOX

AOB

NO2-

NH4+

DO

NO2-

NH4+

N2

The ANITA Mox is based on developing an Anammox biofilm on a plastic carrier material in a Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)

A variant of the ANITA Mox process is to integrate suspended activated sludge (A/S) biomass in the process to help catalyze the PN by AOB. (IFAS)

Vol. 145 L


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterMBBR Control and Operational Strategy

Upper limit

Lower limit

pH-DO Control strategyAOB consume ALK vs. Anammox generate ALK

Low DO for AOB & High DO for NOB

Air

pH

Phase Purpose Influent Ammonium-NI Startup (unstable influent quatity) Centrate 300-1600 ppmII Sidestream I: MBBR Centrate 1000 ppmIII Sidestream II: MBBR and IFAS Centrate 1000 ppmIV Mainstream: MBBR and IFAS Mainstream 40 ppm

Operational Plan

pH: upper limit = 7.2 and lower limit = 6.6


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterMBBR Performance

Influent pH = 7.5 Temp. 86 F (30 degree C) Current Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR): 1.0 g N/L reactor/day


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterUpflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB)

The UASB is based on Anammox biomass forming compact granular sludge with high specific activity.

Slud

ge B

ed

AOB: Ammonium oxidizing bacteriaAOB: Ammonium oxidizing archaea

Treated Effluent

Centrate/Mainstream WW Aeration

Reci

rcul

atio

n

Three-phase separator

AirN2Granule

Vol. 65 L


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterUASB Control and Operational Strategy

Phase Purpose Influent Ammonium-N Nitrite-N Total-NI Startup Synthetic 80-200 ppm 90-225 ppm 170-425 ppmII Sidestream I: Anammox Synthetic 200-480 ppm 225-540 ppm 425-1000 ppmIII Sidestream II: PN/A Synthetic 1000 ppm 0 ppm 1000 ppmIV Sidestream III: PN/A Centrate 1000 ppm 0 ppm 1000 ppmV Mainstream: PN/A Mainstream 40 ppm 0 ppm 40 ppm

Operational Plan

Control strategy in Anammox Stage

pH vs. Anammox Activity pH vs. Anammox Growth

Effect of pH on the anammox activity of a granular enrichment culture (●) and a suspended enrichment culture (○)

Nor

mal

ized

Anam

mox

Act

ivity

(NAA

, %)

Effect of pH on the anammox growth rateHEPES: 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology CenterUASB Performance

Influent pH = 7.7Temp. 86 F (30 degree C)HRT = 0.25 daySRT = 230 dayALK = 800 mg/L as CaCO3Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR)

NLRv = 2.8 g N/L reactor/dayNLR = 0.5 g N/g VSS/day

DO interruption (> 6 mg/L)

Loading Shock (TN > 2000 mg/L)

pH interruption (> 8.0)

Performance Interruption

Other Operational ParametersUASB


Water & Energy Sustainable Technology Center

PARTNERS FUNDING

Collaborative Research: WERF: GOALI (##1705674)

AcknowledgementProf. Jim Field Jeff Prevatt Prof. Reyes Sierra

Prof. Mark Krzmarzick Steve King Jack ParkerJeffrey Bliznick Mallory Rae McMurray Joleen Maile Iwako Liftee Shiroma

Jesus Alejandra Fraijo Arce Jacob Smutzer

biomass bioaugmentation in a single- stage nitritation

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