Biomass Energy

Presentation

• What is biomass?• Types of biomass energy sources • Biomass conversion • Biomass advantage • Status and promotion of domestic investment

analysis • Facts

• Biomass is biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms.

• As an energy source, biomass can either be used directly via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it to various forms of biofuel.

• Conversion of biomass to biofuel can be achieved by different methods which are broadly classified into: thermal, chemical, and biochemical methods.

What’s Biomass energy ?

• As the technology becomes more advanced, we can use different methods even more energy efficient conversion processes, such as gasification and anaerobic decomposition of biomass to generate energy.

• Oil prices have not risen as they have done in the past and little attention has been paid to biomass, mainly because too little heat is generated by the combustion of biomass and has a low energy density.

• Biomass combustion generated heat value is low, but because of low fuel prices, it is quite suitable for home, commercial and industrial heating purposes. These do not require high temperatures, so expensive fuel is not required.

• Looking at the possible future potential of various renewable energy sources, biomass energy fulfils the basic requirement of future energy needs, e.g. remote areas.

• Biomass is the most widely renewable energy used, and counts for about two-thirds of all the world's renewable energy applications.

Biomass Energy Sources

Livestock manure

Crop residues

Firewood

Sugar crops

City's garbage

City’s sewage

Aquatic plants

Energy crops

Advantage

1． Vast variety of source of raw materials.

2． Production technology is simple.

3． Small plant foot print.

4． The operating temperature is not high, about 5 to 35.

5． Air pollution is minimal.

Disadvantages

1． Low conversion efficiency.

2． A high quantity of locally sourced materials is required.

3． Materials have a high water content.

Biomass can be recycled

)

Straw after harvest Sunflower

Sugar cane harvest City waste

Conversion Methods

1. Direct combustion.

2. Thermal conversion such as gasification and pyrolysis to produce synthetic oil or gas.

3. Fermentation, esterification, etc. to produce gasohol, biogas or biodiesel.

4. Biological conversion to produce hydrogen, methanol and other fuels.

Biomass energy advantage

1. Proven technology that has commercial operation capability.

2. High economic efficiency - the use of waste biomass,

waste disposal and recycling energy. 3. Biomass energy can be converted into conventional

energy supply:

• biodiesel combined with commercially available diesel fuel

• gasification system symbiosis with electricity

• steam cogeneration or combined cycle power generation

system

Biomass facts – up to the year 2001

• Biomass supply about 14% of global primary energy, of which Asia (excluding China) accounted for 34.2%

• Africa accounted for 23.9%, China 20.5% • OECD countries (including Europe and Australia,

Japan and other 20 countries) accounted for 13%. • Biomass energy accounts for about 80% of the

world's renewable energy use.

In the European Union, renewable biomass energy production accounts for 74% of energy due to the EU countries rich forest resources, coupled with government funds continue to invest in the development of biomass power generation technology.

According to statistics in 2050, the world will have more than 90% of its population still living in developing countries. Demand for biomass will increase substantially and is expected that biomass will provide nearly 38 percent of the world's fuel needs and 17% of the electricity supply.

Biomass facts – today & tomorrow

Example and report

“In 72 years cornfields to replace oil.

United Daily News 2007.06.10 02:12 am”

American Chemical giant DuPont and British agricultural processing giant Tate & Lyle made a joint venture to manufacture corn biomass polymers.

Polymers will replace petroleum refining, petrochemical polymers due to the superior quality, environmental and economic issues………

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