biology 1b evolution and environment gcse core adaptations to habitat
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Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
CORCOREE
Adaptations to Habitat
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
CORCOREE
Learning objectives
• State the adaptations required in the desert and arctic
• Describe how musk ox and penguins are adapted to the arctic
• Describe how animals are adapted to survive in the desert
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Starter
• list adaptations needed for animals to survive in this habitat
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Introduction
• Animals need food and water to stay alive.
• In dry environments there is very little water for much of the time.
• Some dry environments, such as deserts, can also be very hot.
• Animals that live in deserts need adaptations to help them survive the heat and lack of water.
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Introduction
• Small desert animals, such as kangaroo rats, live in holes in the ground during the middle of the day.
• They come out to hunt for food when it is cooler.
• Being small also makes it easier for them to lose heat from their body.
• Small desert mammals have special adaptations in their kidneys so that they excrete urine that contains very little water.
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Task 1:Questions:
1 Why is there very little water in a desert?
2 Why is hunting early and late in the day an adaptation to living in the desert?
3 Write down one advantage of the Kangaroo Rat living underground in the desert?
b Write down one disadvantage.
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Huddling penguins
• Why do penguins huddle together?
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Task 2: Data: Huddling penguins
Inner Outer Single0.0 65.0 65.0 65.02.0 62.5 62.0 60.04.0 60.0 59.0 56.06.0 58.0 56.5 53.08.0 57.0 55.0 50.010.0 55.0 53.0 48.012.0 54.0 51.0 46.014.0 52.0 49.0 44.016.0 50.5 47.5 42.518.0 49.0 47.0 41.020.0 47.5 45.5 39.522.0 46.0 44.5 38.524.0 44.5 43.0 37.526.0 43.0 42.0 36.528.0 42.0 40.5 35.530.0 41.0 40.0 35.032.0 40.0 39.0 34.034.0 39.5 38.0 33.036.0 38.5 37.0 32.538.0 37.5 36.5 32.040.0 37.0 35.5 31.5
Time (minutes) Temperature (ºC)
(air temperature 19 ºC)
Work out total heat lost for single, inner and outer grouped penguins
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Task 3: chart Huddling penguins
Pupils draw chart to show results
Heat lost
single outer inner
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Insulation from the cold.
• It is easier to keep warm if you have a big, bulky body because you lose heat less rapidly.
• Insulation also reduces heat loss from the skin.
• Arctic land mammals have very thick fur which insulates them from the cold winds.
• They may store extra fat in a layer under their skin as insulation.
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Task 4: questions
Insulation from the cold. 4. During the Arctic
summer, mammals moult a lot of their fur.Explain why they do this.
5. During the Arctic winter, a mother polar bear stays in a den with her cubs.Give as many reasons as you can why this is an adaptation to living in the Arctic.
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
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Summary task
Animals that live in dry environments have adaptations that reduce _______________ loss. Some animals only hunt at night when it is _______________, while some live underground all the time.
Animals that live in _______________ environments have _______________, such as thick fur and a thick layer of fat. They also often have big, bulky bodies.
cold cooler insulation water
Biology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentBiology 1b Evolution and EnvironmentGCSGCSEE
CORCOREE
Learning objectives
• State the adaptations required in the desert and arctic
• Describe how musk ox and penguins are adapted to the arctic
• Describe how animals are adapted to survive in the desert