biodiversity of bakhiralake, bahosilake and sur sarovar ... half-yearly presentation.pdfivthhalf...

Dr. Krishna GopalPrincipal Investigator

538K/1684 Triveni Nagar II, Sitapur Road,Lucknow 226020 (UP)

Biodiversity of Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) Lake in relation to freshwater

fishes.

IVth Half Yearly Progress Report Presentation on

Technical Program as approved for the year

Ist year-Walk-through survey of Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake, Sur Sarovarlake (Keetham lake) and recording of its morphometry.Selection of sites and identification of approaches for the collection of samples.Collection of water samples for the analysis of physico-chemical and biological characteristics in relation to fish diversity, water quality and aquatic life.

IInd year-Collection of fish samples, its identification and categorization into various groups.Study on survival rate, growth pattern and behavioral responses.Study of morbidity and fish diseases

IIIrd year-Statistical analysis of data and compilation of report.Preparation of progress report and presentations of the highlights.Public awareness programme to local inhabitats/concerned stakeholders/fisherman.

Morphometric feature and metrological data of lakes

Parameters Bakhira lake Bahosi lake Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake

Longitude 83°12'18" E

79°39'19.20"E

77°51'37"E

Latitude 26°56'38" N

26°54'47.50"N

27°15'57"N

Altitude (masl) 167 178 171Area ( ha) 2894 2413 403Maximum depth (m) 5.8 5 8.0Surface area (km2) 9.69 6.89 7.83Catchment area(km2)

8.79 5.42 7.13

Annual rainfall(mm)

2089 1650 1300

Experimental design BAKHIRA LAKE

Different sampling sites at numerous Latitude/Longitude

BK1. Jhugiya village Lat/Long: 26° 34' 31" N, 83° 26' 136" E

BK2. Samichara village Lat/Long: 26° 34' 63" N, 83°

25' 219" E

BK3. Mahara village Lat/Long.26° 34' 87" N, 83° 26'

611" E

BK4. Govindpur village Lat/Long: 26° 34' 76" N, 83° 27'

321" E

BK5. Sonversa village Lat/Long: 26° 34' 82" N, 83° 25' 521" E

BAHOSI LAKE

Different sampling sites at various Latitude/Longitude

BH1. Bahosi red view shed Lat/Long: 26°54'597"N

79°38'455"E

BH2. Bahosi village Lat/Long: 26°54'565"N

79°38'532"E

BH3. Green view shed Lat/Long: 26°54'595"N

79°38'378"E

BH4. Nai nahar(bamba) Lat/Long: 26°54'034"N

79°37'475"E

BH5. Lakh village Lat/Long: 26°54'235"N 79°37'416"E

Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake

Different sampling sites at various Latitude/Longitude

SS1. In front of the District forest officer office gate Lat/Long: 27° 14' 93" N, 77° 51' 257" E

SS2. Landing station of boat Lat/Long: 27° 15' 18" N, 77°

51' 131" E

SS3. Intake water pump of Mathura refinery 27° 15' 23" N, 77° 51' 012" E

SS4. Near second gate Lat/Long: 27° 15' 32" N, 77° 50' 702" E

SS5. Darter tower Lat/Long: 27° 14' 66" N, 77° 51' 241" E

Morphometry of all these lakes at various zones.

Bakhira lake

BK IBK V

BK III

BK IVBK II

Fig.1 Diagrammatic view of Bakhira lake at various coordinates.

Bahosi lake

BH II BH I

BH IV

Fig.2 Diagrammatic view of Bahosi lake at various coordinates.

BH III

BH V

Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake

SS II

SS I

SS IV

SS III

Fig.3 Diagrammatic view of Sur sarovar (Keetham) lake at various coordinates.

SS V

ResultsFish Diversity of Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake

During the study period fish faunal diversity of Bakhira lake, Bahosilake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake was recorded of which 42 fishspecies belong to 27genera, 14 families and 5 orders were identified.After morphometric and meristic analysis of all specimens found theOrder Cypriniformes (21 species) contributed maximum ascompared to Siluriformes (8 species) and Perciformes (8 species),Clupeiformes (4 species) Synbranchiformes (1 species). Thedominant family was Cyprinidae comprising 45.16% in Bakhira lakewhere as 47.37% in Bahosi lake and 49% in Sur sarovar (Keetham)lake (fig. 43‐45).

Fig.43 Fishes Dominancy percentage in Bakhira lake family wise.

Cyprinidae, 45.16

Clupeidae, 6.45

Bagridae, 12.90

Channidae, 12.90

Ambassidae, 6.45

Notopteridae, 3.23

Siluridae, 3.23

Saccobranchidae, 3.23

Clariidae, 3.23 Anabantidae, 3.23

Fig.44 Fishes Dominancy percentage in Bahosi lake family wise.

Cyprinidae, 47.37

Clupeidae, 5.26Bagridae, 10.53

Channidae, 10.53

Ambassidae, 5.26

Notopteridae, 2.63

Siluridae, 2.63


Clariidae, 2.63

Anabantidae, 2.63

Nandidae, 2.63 Engraulidae, 2.63 Botidae, 2.63

Fig.43 Fishes Dominancy percentage in Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake family wise.

Cyprinidae, 48.48

Clupeidae, 3.03Bagridae, 9.09

Channidae, 12.12

Ambassidae, 3.03

Notopteridae, 3.03

Siluridae, 3.03


Clariidae, 3.03

Anabantidae, 3.03

Nandidae, 3.03Botidae, 3.03 Mastacembelidae, 3.03

1. Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822)

Scientific classification

Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata

Class- Actinopterygii

Order- Cypriniformes

Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Catla

Species - catla

Availability‐ Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur sarovar(Keetham) Lake. Habitat and behavior‐ Freshwater,brackish, benthopelagic, potamodromous.Feeding behavior‐ Surface and mid‐water feeders, mainly omnivorous.Maximum reported length‐ 58 cm.Local name‐ Bhakur, Catla and Boassa. also known as Indian major carpDistribution‐ It is commonly found in rivers(Ganges, Gomti, Ghaghara, Betwa) and lakes of northern India, Nepal, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Pakistan.

2. Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Labeo

Species - rohita

•Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur sarovar(Keetham) Lake. •Habitat and behavior- Freshwater,brackish, benthopelagic.•Feeding behavior-Herbivorous column feeder, eating mainly phytoplankton and submerged vegetation•Maximum reported length- 40 cm.•Local name- Rohu, Roi. also known as Indian major carp•Distribution‐ It is commonly found in rivers(Ganges, Gomti, Rapti, Ghaghara, Sharda, Betwa,)lake.

3. Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Labeo

Species - calbasu

Availability- Bahosi lake and Sur sarovar (Keetham) Lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, potamodromous.Feeding behavior-Herbivorous column feeder, filamentous algae and diatoms.Maximum reported length- 35 cm.Local name- Karaunchi, calbasu.Distribution- It is commonly found in rivers(Ganga, Gomti) in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and South Western China

4. Labeo bata (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Labeo

Species - bata

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur sarovar (Keetham) Lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, benthopelagic, potamodromous.Feeding behavior-It eats protozoa, algae, and tiny fishes omnivorousMaximum reported length- 29 cm.Local name- Bata.Distribution- It is commonly found in rivers(Ganga, Gomti, Betwa) in India and Bangladesh.

5. Labeo gonius (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Labeo

Species - gonius

Availability- Bakhira lake and Bahosi lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, benthopelagic, potamodromous.Feeding behavior-Column feeder feed on mainly phyto and zooplankton. Maximum reported length- 46 cm.Local name- Kursha and KuriDistribution- It is commonly found in rivers(Ganges, Gomti, Betwa, Sharda, Ghaghara,) and lake in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Myanmar.

6. Cirrhinus mrigala (Bloch, 1795)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Cirrhinus

Species - mrigala

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic, potamodromousFeeding behavior-Bottom feeder, omnivorous. Maximum reported length- 38 cm.Local name- Naine, Mrigal.Distribution- It is commonly found in rivers(Ganges, Betwa, Rapti, Ramganga, Rapti, Son, Yamuna,) and lake in India, and Bangladesh.

7. Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Cirrhinus

Species - reba

Availability- Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, benthopelagic.Feeding behavior- Feed on plankton and detritus, but may also take in mud, vegetables, crustaceans and insect larvae. Maximum reported length- 21 cm.Local name- Rewa.Common name: Reba carp.Distribution- It is commonly found in rivers(Ganges, Betwa, Gomti, Rapti, Ramganga, Rapti, Son, Yamuna,) and lake of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Myanmar.

8. Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier, 1844)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Ctenopharyngodon

Species - idella

Availability- Bahosi lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, benthopelagic.Feeding behavior- Feed on higher aquatic plants and submerged terrestrial vegetation, but may also take detritus, insects, and other invertebrates.Maximum reported length- 58 cm.Common name: Grass carp.Distribution- It is commonly found in lake of Taiwan, Japan, Philippines, USA, Mexico, India, Malaysia.

9. Cyprinus carpio communis (Linnaeus, 1758)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Cyprinusn

Species - carpio

Availability- Bahosi lake, Bakhira lake, Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, Brikishwater, benthopelagic.Feeding behavior- Common carp are omnivorous. They can eat a herbivorous diet of water plants, but prefer to scavenge the bottom for insects, crustaceans (including zooplankton), crawfish, and benthic worms.Maximum reported length- 36 cm.Common name: Chinese carp, Common carp.Distribution- It is commonly found in lakes and rivers of China, Taiwan, Japan, Philippines, India, Malaysia.

10. Botia dario (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Botiidae

Genus- Botia

Species - dario

Availability- Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake.Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal.Feeding behavior- Herbivorous, but some time prefer insects, crustaceans(including zooplankton). Maximum reported length- 10 cm.Common name: Bengal loach.Local name: Baghua, Bakta, Rani Loach.Distribution-Found in the Brahmaputra and Ganges basins in Bangladesh, Bhutan and north India.

11. Amblypharyngodon mola (Bleeker, 1860)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Botiidae

Genus- AmblypharyngodonSpecies - mola

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake.Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, benthopelagic. Feeding behavior- Surface feeder and feed on unicellular algae, protozoa, rotifera and crustaceans.Maximum reported length- 6 cm.Common name: Mola, Dhawai, Jalanga.Local name: Baghua, Bakta, Rani Loach.Distribution-Found in the Ganga, Gomti, Yamuna basins in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar.

12. Barilius bola (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Barilius

Species - bola

Availability- Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake.Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal, potamodromous. It is found in the upland pools. A series of greenish-blue spots present above the lateral line. Feeding behavior- Column feeder and feed on unicellular algae and diatoms.Maximum reported length- 9 cm.Common name: Trout barb.Local name: Bola.Distribution- Ganges, Gomti, Ghaghara, Rapti, Ramganga, Gerua, Sharda river basin of India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Myanmar, Bhutan, Nepal .

13. Aristichthys nobilis (Richardson, 1845)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Aristichthys

Species - nobilis

Availability- Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake, Bakhiralake and Bahosi lake .Habitat and behavior-Fresh water, Filter feeder. Feeding behavior- Surface feeder, preferably feed on zooplankton.Maximum reported length- 49 cm.Common name: Bighead.Distribution- Most of the rivers and lakes of asiacontinent.

14. Chela laubuca (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Chela

Species - laubuca

Availability- Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake.Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, and pelagic. Feeding behavior- Surface feeder and feed on unicellular algae and diatoms.Maximum reported length- 5 cm.Local name: Chelwa.Common name: Indian Glass Barb.Distribution- It is commonly found in rivers(Ganga, Ghaghara, Gomti, Rapti, Tons, Ramganga, Tons andSharda) and lakes of Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Myanmar.

15. Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Danio

Species - rerio

Availability- Bahosi lake, Bakhira lake, and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake.Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, benthopelagic. Feeding behavior- Omnivorous, primarily eating zooplankton, phytoplankton, insects and insect larvae.Maximum reported length- 3 cm.Local name- Anju.Common name: Zebra danio.Distribution- It is commonly found in rivers and lakes of Pakistan, India, Bangladesh.

16. Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Hypophthalmichthys

Species - molitrix

Availability- Bakhira lake.Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, Surface feeder. Feeding behavior- Feeds on phytoplankton and zooplankton.Maximum reported length- 38 cm.Common name: Silver carp.Distribution- It is commonly reported that all the fresh water lake and reservoir of India, Bangladesh, Thailand , Srilanka etc.

17. Esomus danricus (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Esomus

Species - danricus

Availability- Bakhira lake and Bahosi lake, Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, Brackish, Benthopelagic. Feeding behavior-Preferably feed on zooplankton and diatoms.Maximum reported length- 5 cm.Local name: Daricana.Distribution- Usually found in ponds, tanks, ditches and canals of Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka.

18. Puntius chola (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Puntius

Species - chola

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater Benthopelagic, potamodromus. Feeding behavior- Feeds on worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matterMaximum reported length- 16 cm.Local name: Sidhari.Common name – Swamp barb.Distribution- Inhabits throughout Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Myanmar of streams, rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Betwa river of Uttar Pradesh), canals, beels, ponds and inundated fields.

19. Puntius sarana (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Puntius

Species - sarana

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic. Feeding behavior- Feed on aquatic insects, fish, algae and shrimps.Maximum reported length- 24 cm.Local name- Pothi, Darahi.Common name – Olive barb.Distribution- Reported throughout Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan of rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Betwa, Rapti, Ghaghara).

20. Puntius sophore (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Puntius

Species - sophore

Availability- Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic and amphidromous. Feeding behavior- Omnivorous, feed on aquatic insects and diatoms.Maximum reported length- 18 cm.Local name- Pothi, Sidhari.Common name – Pool barb.Distribution- Reported throughout Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar and China of rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Betwa, Ghaghara, Sharda, Rapti).

21. Puntius ticto (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Puntius

Species - ticto

Availability- Bahosi lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic, potamodromou. Feeding behavior- Omnivorous feeding habit feed on small aquatic insects, crustaceans and diatoms.Maximum reported length- 7 cm.Local name- Pothi, Sidhari.Common name – Ticto barb.Distribution- It inhabits rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Ghaghara), wetlands, and other seasonal and perennial waterbodies.

22. Gudusia chapra (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Clupeidae

Genus- Gudusia

Species - chapra

Availability- Bahosi lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, pelagic, potamodromous. Feeding behavior- feed on unicellular algae and diatoms.Maximum reported length- 12 cm.Local name- Suhia and Chapla.Common name – Indian River Shad.Distribution- Rivers of India and Bangladesh affluent to the Bay of Bengal (chiefly the Ganges and Brahmaputra systems and the Mahanadi River of Orissa).

23. Gonialosa manmina (Hamilton 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Cyprinidae

Genus- Gonialosa

Species - manmina

Availability- Bahosi lake and Bahosi lake and. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, pelagic, amphidromous.Feeding behavior- feed on unicellular algae and diatoms.Maximum reported length- 12 cm.Common name – Ganges river gizzard shad.Distribution- Commonly reported in Bangladesh, India, (Assam, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal),Sri Lanka of rivers ( Ganga, Gomti, Brahmaputra, Ghagra)

24. Setipinna phasa (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Engraulidae

Genus- Setipinna

Species - phasa

Availability-Bahosi lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, pelagic, amphidromous.Feeding behavior- feed mainly on mysids and small prawns.Maximum reported length- 26 cm.Common name – Ganges river gizzard shad.Local name- Phasa, phansiDistribution- Throughout Indian fresh and brackish waters (Ganges system, from Diamond Harbor on the Hooghly to as far up as Allahabad on the Ganges.

25. Chitala chitala (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Notopteridae

Genus- Chitala

Species - chitala

Availability-Bahosi lake, Bakhira lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal, predatory .Feeding behavior- An obligate, typically nocturnal, predator feeding on smaller fishes, crustaceans.Maximum reported length- 26 cm.Common name – Clown knifefish, State fish of Uttar Pradesh.Local name- Moey.Distribution- Mostly known from major rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Betwa, Rapti, Sharda, Ghaghara) and freshwater lakes.

26. Wallago attu (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Siluriformes

Family- Siluridae

Genus- Wallago

Species - attu

Availability-Bahosi lake, Bakhira lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, demersal, potamodromous.Feeding behavior-Feed on smaller fish, crustaceans, and molluscs.Maximum reported length- 98 cm.Local name- Padhani.Distribution- India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka of lakes and rivers Ganga, Gomti, Brahmaputra,Yamuna.

27. Mystus bleekeri (Hamilton 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Siluriformes

Family- Bagridae

Genus- Mystus

Species - bleekeri

Availability-Bahosi lake and Bakhira lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal, potamodromous.Feeding behavior-Feed on smaller fish, crustaceans, and molluscs.Maximum reported length- 12 cm.Local name- Singarah, Tengra.Distribution- Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar and Indonesia.

28. Mystus cavasius (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Siluriformes

Family- Bagridae

Genus- Mystus

Species - bleekeri

Availability-Bahosi lake, Bakhira lake, and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, demersal, amphidromous.Feeding behavior-Feed on smaller fish, crustaceans, and mollusks, bottom dwellers.Maximum reported length- 27 cm.Local name- Tengara, SutahawaCommon name- Gangetic mystusDistribution- Found in tidal rivers (Brahmaputra, Ganges, Krishna, Cauvery) and lakes

29. Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Bagridae

Genus- Mystus

Species - tengara

Availability-Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal. It founds in both flowing and standing waters.Feeding behavior-Feed on smaller fish, crustaceans, and mollusks, bottom dwellers.Maximum reported length- 17 cm.Local name- Tengana, Tengara.Distribution- India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal etc.) in rivers Ganges, Gomti, Ghaghara.

30. Mystus aor (Hamilton 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Bagridae

Genus- Mystus

Species - aor

Availability- Bakhira lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal, potamodromous, It is predatory in nature.Feeding behavior-Feed on smaller fish, crustaceans, and mollusks, bottom dwellers.Maximum reported length- 32 cm.Local name- Shinghala.Common name- Long whiskered catfishDistribution- It usually found in rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Rapti, Betwa, Tons, Son, Yamuna, Gerua, Sharda, and Ramganga), ponds, lake and reservoir of Uttar Pradesh.

31. Mystus seenghala (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Bagridae

Genus- Mystus

Species - seenghala

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal, potamodromous.Feeding behavior-Feed on smaller fish, crustaceans, and mollusks, bottom dwellers.Maximum reported length- 28 cm.Local name- Ari.Common name- Giant river-catfish. Distribution- India, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Rapti, Ghaghara, Betwa and Yamuna) and lakes.

32. Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Heteropneustidae

Genus- Heteropneustes

Species - fossilis

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal, potamodromous, It is predatory in nature.Feeding behavior- Feed on worms, crustaceans and small fish.Maximum reported length- 23 cm.Local name- Singhi.Common name- Stinging catfish. Distribution- Its natural range is quite large and covers parts of Iran, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Betwa, Ghaghara, Ramganga,Sharda).

33. Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata



Family- Claridae

Genus- Clarias

Species - batrachus

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, demersal, potamodromous.Feeding behavior- Feed on worms, crustaceans and small fish.Maximum reported length- 30 cm.Local name- Mangur.Distribution- Gomti,Ghaghara,Ramganga,Son,Tons. Gerua, Ganges on Rapti,Sharda Betwa River of Uttar Pradesh.

34. Channa gachua (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Perciformes

Family- Channidae

Genus- Channa

Species - gachuag g )

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, benthopelagic, potamodromous. It prefers stagnant water bodies like weed infested wetlands, ponds and low lying paddy area.Feeding behavior- An obligate predator feeding mostly on smaller fishes and insects in nature but in most cases adapting well to dead alternatives in captivity.Maximum reported length- 16 cm.Local name- Daku, Chanaga.Distribution- Afghanistan in the west to Indonesia through South and Central Asian rivers (Ganga, Gomti and Ramganga) and lakes.

35. Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Perciformes

Family- Channidae

Genus- Channa

Species - marulius

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, benthopelagic, potamodromous.Feeding behavior- Carnivorous and subsist on fish, frogs, snakes, insects, earthworms and tadpoles.Maximum reported length- 46 cm.Local name- Great snakehead.Common name- SouriDistribution- India to China, south to Thailand, Cambodia and Pakistan.

36. Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Perciformes

Family- Channidae

Genus- Channa

Species - punctatus

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic, potamodromous.Feeding behavior- Carnivorous and predatory; feed on small fishes, frogs, snakes, insects, earthworms and tadepoles.Maximum reported length- 17 cm.Common name- Spotted snakehead.Local name- Girohi, GiraiDistribution- Rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Ghaghara, Betwa, Rapti, Ramganga) and lakes of Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal.

37. Channa striata (Bloch, 1793)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Perciformes

Family- Channidae

Genus- Channa

Species - striata

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic, potamodromous.Feeding behavior- Carnivorous and predatory; feed on small fishes, frogs, snakes, insects, earthworms and tadepoles.Maximum reported length- 58 cm.Common name- Striped snakehead.Local name- Souri, Saur.Distribution- The species is recorded from Pakistan, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Laos, Cambodia, Viet Nam, Thailand and southern China.

38. Chanda nama (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Perciformes

Family- Centropomidae

Genus- Chanda

Species - nama

Availability- Bakhira lake and Bahosi lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic, potamodromous.Feeding behavior- The species feeds on mosquito larvae and worms and also eats the scales of other fishes (Lepidophagy), the species may have potential use in controlling malaria and parasites.Maximum reported length- 10 cm.Common name- Elongate glass-perchlet.Local name- Chanari.Distribution- Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Myanmar of rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Ghaghara, Sharda, Son, Tons, Yamuna, Gerua, Ramganga).

39. Parambassis ranga (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Perciformes

Family- Centropomidae

Genus- Parambasis

Species - ranga

Availability- Bakhira lake, Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, demersal, potamodromous. Feeding behavior- Carnivorous in nature mainly feed on small fishes, crustaceans and tadpole.Maximum reported length- 7cm.Common name- Indian glassy fish.Local name- Chanda.Distribution- India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangaldesh, Myanmar,Japan of rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Ghaghara, Sharda, Son, Tons, Yamuna, Gerua, Ramganga) and lakes.

40. Nandus nandus (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Perciformes

Family- Nandidae

Genus- Nandus

Species - nandus

Availability-Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic. Feeding behavior- Prefers live food in the form of insects, bloodworm and small crustaceans, Nocturnal feeder.Maximum reported length- 14cm.Common name- Gangatic leaf fish.Local name- Dhebari.Distribution- The species is recorded from Pakistan (Indus plain), India (most river systems), Nepal; Bangladesh, and Myanmar.

41. Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Perciformes

Family- Anabantidae

Genus- Anabas

Species - testudines

Availability- Bahosi lake Bahosi lake and Sur Sarovar(Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, potamodromous. Feeding behavior-Bottom dwellers insectivorous.Maximum reported length- 18cm.Common name- Climbing perch.Local name- Koi, Kawai.Distribution- It is commonly found in derelict water, swamp, tank, beels, jheels, ditches and rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Ghaghara, Son, Tons, Sharda).

42. Mastacembelus pancalus (Hamilton, 1822)


Kingdom- Animalia

Phylum – Chordata


Order- Synbranchiformes

Family-Mastacembelidae

Genus- Mastacembelus

Species - pancalus

Availability- Sur Sarovar (Keetham) lake. Habitat and behavior- Freshwater, brackish, benthopelagic. Feeding behavior- Being nocturnal carnivores, tire trackeels forage on benthicinsectlarvae, earthworms, blackworms and some submerged plant material. Maximum reported length- 16cm.Common name- Barred spiny eel.Local name- Bam.Distribution- Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh. Inhabits slow and shallow waters of rivers (Ganges, Gomti, Betwa, Rapti, Tons, Ghaghara River) of plains and lakes.

Table 2: Summarizing the fish species recorded in all the three lakes

Generic name Bakhira lake Bahosi lake Sur Sarovarlake

1. Catla catla P P P

2. Labeo rohita P P P

3. Labeo calbasu A P P

4. Labeo bata P P P

5. Labeo gonius P P P

6. Cirrhinusmrigala

P P P

7. Cirrhinus reba A P P

Generic Name Bakhira lake Bahosi lake Sur Sarovar lake

8. Ctenopharyngodon idella A P A

9. Cyprinus carpio communis P P P

10. Botia Dario A P P

11.Amblypharyngodon mola P P P

12. Barilius bola A A P

12. Barilius bola P P P

14. Chela laubuca A P P

15. Danio Rerio P P P

16.HypophthalmichthysMolitrix

P A A

17. Esomus Danricus P P A

18. Puntius Chola P P P

19. Puntius Sarana P P P

20. Puntius Sophore A P P

21. Puntius Ticto P P P

Generic Name Bakhira lake Bahosi lake Sur Sarovar lake

22. Gudusia Chapra P P P

23. GonialosaManmina P P P

24. Setipinna Phasa A P A

25. Chitala Chitala P P P

26.Wallago Attu P P P

27. Mystus Bleekeri P P A

28. Mystus Cavasius P P P

29. Mystus Tengara A P P

30.Mystus Aor P A A

31.Mystus Seenghala P P P

32.Heteropneustes Fossilis P P P

33. Clarias Batrachus P P P

34. Channa Gachua P P P

35. ChannaMarulius P P P

Generic name Bakhira lake Bahosi lake Sur Sarovar lake

36. Channa Punctatus P P P

37. Channa Striata P P P

38. Chanda Nama P P A

39. Parambassis Ranga P P P

40. Nandus Nandus A P P

41. Anabas Testudineus P P P

42. MastacembelusPancalus

A A P

Collection of sample and Identification of Planktons:‐

(A)Phytoplanktons: are photosynthesizing microscopicorganisms that inhabit the upper sunlit layer of almost alloceans and bodies of fresh water. They are agents for"primary production," the creation of organiccompounds from carbon dioxide dissolved in the water, aprocess that sustains the aquatic food web.

The sample collection sites are the same as earlier study.The standard method suggested in APHA was used whichincludes collection, counting and identification ofphytoplankton

Cont… Water samples were collected monthly between 9 am to 11

am. The data was articulated seasonally as summer,winter, and Monsoon Plankton net number 25 of meshsize 20 μm was used for collecting samples. 50 liters ofwater was measured in a graduated bucket and filteredthrough the net and concentrated in a 100 ml bottle fromeach lake.

Samples were collected as close to the water surface aspossible in the morning hours. Plankton is preserved byusing 4% formalin. The sample was allowed to settle for24-48 hours and was further concentrated toapproximately 30 ml by decanting.

Cont… Sedgwick Rafter counting cell (S-R cell) is used to count

the plankton. The total volume of the cell is 1 ml. Abinocular compound microscope is used to count theplankton with different eyepieces such as 10X and 40X.Formula to convert unit/ml of plankton into unit/liter is

Where,n = Number of plankton / liter of water.a = Average no. of plankton in one small counting chamber ofS-R cell.c = ml of plankton concentrate.l = Volume of original water filtered in liter.

(B)Zooplanktons: Heterotrophic (sometimes detritivorous) plankton.

Plankton are organisms drifting in oceans, seas, andbodies of fresh water. The word zooplankto is derivedfrom the Greek word zoon meaning "animal",and planktosmeaning "wanderer" or "drifter”.

The sampling of Zooplantons was same as it was done forPhytoplankton.

Net made up bolting silk cloth No. 20 and the collectedsamples were fixed in 4% formalin. The sample wasallowed to settle for 24-48 hours and was furtherconcentrated to approximately 30 ml by decanting.

A binocular compound microscope is used to count theplankton with different eyepieces such as 10X and 40X.Formula to convert unit/ml of plankton into unit/liter is

Cont…

Where,n = Number of plankton / liter of water.a = Average no. of plankton in one small counting chamber of S-R cell.c = ml of plankton concentrate.l = Volume of original water filtered in liter.

Observations:‐ (A) Phytoplankton In the present study 4 different classes of phytoplankton

were identified in the 3 three lakes, namely Bakhira,Bahosi and Sur-sarovar (Keetham) lake.

1. Bakhira lake: Seven genera of Chlorophyceae wererecorded. The algae recorded are Closteriopsis spCoelastrum sp., Mugiotia sp., Spirogyra sp., Tetradronsp., Scendesmus sp.and Pandorina sp.. The minimumalgal units were recorded during summer season whereas maximum is recorded in winter season.

Cont… Four different genera of Cyanophyceae class were

recorded from the Lake. The blue green algae recorded areMerismopedia sp., Nostoc sp., Oscillatoria sp., andSpirulina sp. the minimum units were recorded in summerand the maximum in the winter season.

Seven different genera for Bacillariophycea class wererecorded are Amphiplrura sp. Cyclotella sp., Cymbella sp.,Gomphonema sp., Gyrosigma sp., Navicula sp., andNitzschia sp. The minimum units of diatom were recordedduring winter season whereas maximum unit of diatomswere recorded during summer season.

Cont… Two genera of euglenoids were recorded. Theeuglenoid recorded in the lake are Euglena sp. andPhacus sp. Minimum number of Euglenoids wererecorded in monsoon season whereas maximumnumber were recorded in the summer season.

2. Bahosi lake: Six genera of Chlorophyceae wererecorded. The algae recorded are Closteriopsis spCoelastrum sp., Mugiotia sp., Spirogyra sp., Tetradronsp.,and Pandorina sp.. The minimum algal units wererecorded during summer season where as maximum isrecorded in monsoon season

Cont… Four different genera of Cyanophyceae class wererecorded from the Lake. The blue green algae recordedare Merismopedia sp., Nostoc sp., Oscillatoria sp., andSpirulina sp.the minimum units were recorded insummer and the maximum in the winter season.

Six different genera for Bacillariophycea class wererecorded are Amphiplrura sp. Cyclotella sp., Cymbellasp., Gomphonema s.,, Navicula sp., and Nitzschia sp.The minimum units of diatom were recorded duringwinter season whereas maximum unit of diatoms wererecorded during summer season

Cont… Two genera of euglenoids were recorded. Theeuglenoid recorded in the lake are Euglena sp. andPhacus sp. Minimum number of Euglenoids wererecorded in monsoon season whereas maximumnumber were recorded in the summer season.

3. Sur Sarovar lake: Seven genera of Chlorophyceaewere recorded. The algae recorded are Closteriopsis spCoelastrum sp., Mugiotia sp., Spirogyra sp., Tetradronsp., Scendesmus sp.and Pandorina sp.. The minimumalgal units were recorded during winter season whereas maximum is recorded in monsoon season.

Cont… Four different genera of Cyanophyceae class were

recorded from the Lake. The blue green algae recorded areMerismopedia sp., Nostoc sp., Oscillatoria sp., andSpirulina sp. the minimum units were recorded in summerand the maximum in the monsoon season.

Six different genera for Bacillariophycea class wererecorded are Amphiplrura sp. Cyclotella sp., Cymbella sp.,Gyrosigma sp., Navicula sp., and Nitzschia sp. Theminimum units of diatom were recorded during winterseason whereas maximum unit of diatoms were recordedduring summer season.

Cont… Two genera of euglenoids were recorded. The euglenoid

recorded in the lake are Euglena sp. and Phacus sp.Minimum number of Euglenoids were recorded inmonsoon season whereas maximum number wererecorded in the summer season.

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