bioc 460 taxine poisoning and cancer
TRANSCRIPT
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CASE STUDY
Tanner Anderson
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PATIENT CONDITION
• An English man is brought into the hospital with symptoms including accelerated heart rate, muscle tremors, and difficulty breathing
• His family informs you that he very suddenly became ill after going out for a picnic and consuming some of the seeds he found in the woods
• Not long after being admitted, the man collapses and he is hooked up to fluids and is put on close watch until cause can be detected
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WHAT COULD BE A POSSIBLE DIAGNOSIS?
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TESTS DONE
• A blood sample is taken from the man and a few tests are done• Liquid chromatography •Mass spectrometry
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AND THE RESULTS…
• You discover 3,5-dimethoxyphenol is present
• This is evidence of taxine poisoning
• 3,5-dimethoxyphenol is a product formed when there is a break in taxine’s glycosidic bond
• Taxine is a potent toxin that is extremely prevalent in the seeds of yew trees
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TAXINE
• Mechanism of action thought to be disruption of sodium potassium pumps and disruption of action potential by reducing rate of depolarization• Also found to be a
potent spindle poison
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SPINDLE POISON
• Poison that disrupts cell division•Derivatives of taxine have shown to target tubulin in order to disrupt cell division• This has made taxine an effective agent in treatment of other diseases
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WHAT DISEASE COULD TAXINE BY EFFECTIVE AT
TREATING?
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CANCER!!!
• Since derivatives of taxine have shown to be effective at disrupting cell division, this had made them effective at treating cancer• Common drug used to
treat cancer is paclitaxel
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PACLITAXEL
• Paclitaxel is a cytoskeletal drug that targets tubulin in order to stop cell division
• Prevents microtubules from disassembling which blocks the progression of mitosis and activates apoptosis
• Paclitaxel interacts with the β subunit of the tubulin protein to carry out its desired function
• And now, back to our patient…
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WHAT CAN BE DONE TO TREAT TAXINE POISONING?
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TREATMENT
• No specific antidote for the toxin so patients can only be treated for their symptoms• Things to help relieve symptoms:• Stomach dump followed by the administration
of cathartics and activated carbon• Atropine to control blood pressure and heart rate
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REFERENCES
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3086919/• https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@ter
m+@DOCNO+3541
• https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6433563• http://chemocare.com/chemotherapy/drug-info/Paclitaxel.aspx