[bio] 06 - plant transport crisologo

8/14/2019 [BIO] 06 - Plant Transport Crisologo

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Transport and CirculationTransport and CirculationTransport and CirculationTransport and Circulation


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Well be discussing

1. Cellular Transport

2. Plant Tissues andTransport in Plants

3. Trends and Various

Animals to TransportMaterials

4. Transport in Man

5. Disorders of theCirculatory System


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Membranes and cellular transport


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Active vs Passive Transport


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Transport oflar e

molecules


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Summary of Transport ProcessesDiffusion Osmosis Facilitated

Diffusion

Pumps Endocytosis

/exocytosis

Direction High to Low High to Low High to Low Low to High N/A

Mechanism

Energy

Required?

No No No Yes Yes

Type ofparticle

Small,

nonpolar

Water Small-

medium

Ions Small-large

Examples of

particles

CO2, O2 H2O Glucose,

fructose,

Na+, Ca+2

Na+, K+, H+ Food, waste


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Transport within

the eukaryotic cell

Endomembrane system

Endoplasmic reticulum manufacturing and

transport facility

proteins produced in roughER are packaged in vesicles

Golgi apparatus modification and storage

facility

receiving end and shippingend

Vacuole large membrane bound

sacs

usually stores undigested

nutrients

Cyclosis/cytoplasmicstreaming


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TRANSPORT INPLANTS


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VVASCULARASCULAR TISSUESTISSUES::XYLEMXYLEM ANDAND PHLOEMPHLOEM

Xylem Tracheids*

Vessel elements*

Parenchyma cells

Phloem Sieve-tube members

Companion cells

Sclerenchyma fibers Parenchyma cells

Both are continuous

throughout the plantbody


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TRANSPORT OCCURS

ON THREE LEVELS

1. Uptake and release

of water and solutesby individual cells

2. Short-distance

substances by tissuesand organs

3. Long-distance

transport of mineralsin water and sap

within xylem and

phloem by the whole

plant body


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CO2

O2

H2O Sugar

Light

AVARIETY OF PHYSICAL PROCESSES ARE

INVOLVED IN THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF

TRANSPORT

Sugars are produced by

photosynthesis in the leaves.

5Through stomata, leaves

take in CO2 and expel O2.The CO2 provides carbon for

photosynthesis. Some O2produced by photosynthesis

is used in cellular respiration.

4

Minerals

H2O CO2

O2

Sugars are transported as

phloem sap to roots and other

parts of the plant.

6

,

from leaves (mostly through

stomata), creates a force within

leaves that pulls xylem sap upward.

Water and minerals are

transported upward from

roots to shoots as xylem sap.

2

Roots absorb water

and dissolved minerals

from soil.

1 Roots exchange gases

with the air spaces of soil,

taking in O2 and discharging

CO2. In cellular respiration,

O2 supports the breakdown

of sugars.

7


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TRANSPORT OF IONS AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL

DEPENDS ON SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANES

Controls the movement of solutes into and out ofthe cell

With specific transport proteins

Enable plant cells to maintain an internalenvironment different from their surroundings


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SHORT-DISTANCE H2O TRANSPORT

IN THE ROOT


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WATER AND MINERALS

ASCEND FROM ROOTS TOSHOOTS THROUGH THE

XYLEMROOT PRESSURE

TRANSPIRATIONCOHESION

TENSION THEORY

Tension

negative


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STOMATA HELP

REGULATE THE RATE

OF TRANSPIRATION

Leaves broad surface areas

Increase photosynthesis Increase water loss through

stomata (transpiration) Lower epidermaltissue

Trichomes

(hairs)

Cuticle Upper epidermal tissue

Stomata 100 m

Turgid Flaccid


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TurgidFlaccid


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ORGANIC NUTRIENTS ARE

TRANSLOCATED THROUGH

THE PHLOEM(PRESSURE FLOW MODEL)

Translocation

transport of organicmolecules in the plant

Phloem sap

Vessel

(xylem)

H2O

H2O

Sieve tube

(phloem)

Source cell

(leaf)

Sucrose1

Loading of sugar (green

dots) into the sieve tube

at the source reduces

water potential inside

thesieve-tube members.

This causes the tube to

take up water by

osmosis.

2

1

2 This uptake of water

generates a positivepressure that forces

the sap to flow along

the tube.

The pressure is relieved3nstream

w

Sugar source sugar

sink

Source is a producer of

sugar

Sink is a

consumer/storage

facility for sugar H2O

Sink cell

(storage

root)

Sucrose

43

by the unloading of sugar

and the consequent lossof water from the tube

at the sink.

4In the case of leaf-to-root

translocation, xylem

recycles water from sink

to source.Transpiratio

P

ressureflo


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PRESSURE FLOW MODEL

1. high solute

concentration atsource

2. increase in

pressure

3. sugars in sink

draw water out of

phloem


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[bio] 06 - plant transport crisologo

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