BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abel, N. and Blaikie, P., (1989), ‘Land degradation, stocking rates andconservation policies for the communal rangelands of Botswana andZimbabwe’, Land Degradation and Rehabilitation, 1: 101-123.

Ahmad, E., J. Dreze and J. Hills (1991), Social Security in Developing Countries,Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Ahmed, I. and Lipton, M., (1997), ‘Impact of structural adjustment on sustainablerural livelihoods: a review of the literature’, IDS Working Paper 62,Brighton: IDS.

Alan De Brauw, (2007), “Seasonal Migration and Agriculture inVietnam”,Agricultural and Development Economics Division, Food andAgriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Amalric, F. (1998), The Sustainable Livelihoods Approach. General Report of theSustainable Livelihoods Project 1995–1997. Rome: SID.

Andrew Ainslie, (2005), “Farming Cattle, Cultivating Relationships: CattleOwnership and Cultural Politics in Peddie District, Eastern Cape” London:University College.

Araceli Bjarklev,Tyge Kjaer and Bente Kjaergard,(2008), “Amaranth farming:rural sustainable livelihood of the future?” 16th IFOAM Organic WorldCongress, Modena, Italy

Arce, A. (2003), “Value Contestations in Development Interventions: CommunityDevelopment and Sustainable Livelihood Approaches”, CommunityDevelopment Journal, 38 (3): 199–212.

Arce, A. and P. Hebinck (2002), ‘Life Styles and the Livelihood Framework:Problems and Possibilities for Development Studies’. Wageningen:Department of Social Sciences, Rural Development Sociology (unpublishedpaper).

Arun, L.K. Jayasankar, B. and Kurian Mathew Abraham, (2001), ‘A Case studyBiodiversity Conservation and Livelihoods’’, Center for Developmentstudies, Trivandrum.

Balaji, V. Rajamohan, K. G. Rajasekara Pandy, R. and Senthilkumaran, S.(2001),“Knowledge System for Sustainable Food Security - 5 villages”,MSSRF Chennai.

Baulch, R., (1996), ‘Neglected trade-offs in poverty measurement’, IDS Bulletin27: 36-43.

Bebbington, A. (1999), “Capitals and Capabilities: A Framework for AnalysingPeasant Viability, Rural Livelihoods and Poverty”, WorldDevelopment Report, 27 (12): 2021–44.

Berglund, Knut-Erland, (2007).“The Effect of Microfinance on the Empowermentof women and its Societal Consequences: A study of women self-helpgroup members in Andhra Pradesh”, Faculty of Social Sciences,Department of Economic History, Uppsala University,Uppsala.

Blaikie, P., T. Cannon, I. Davis and B. Wisner (1994), At Risk. Natural Hazards,People’s Vulnerability and Disasters. London: Routledge.

Bonham C.Richardson,(1975). ‘’Livelihoods in Rural Trinidad’’, Annals ofAssociation of American Geograbhers, 65 (2): 240-251.

Bourdieu, P. (1980), the Logic of Practice. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Bowonder, B. Das Gupta, B. Sanjeev Gupta and S. S. R. Prasad (1987), “FurtherEvidence on the Impact of Dairy Development Programme”, Economic andPolitical Weekly, Vol. 22, No. 13 pp. A6-A15,http://www.jstor.org/stable/4376842.

Breusers, M. (2001) ‘Pathways to Negotiate Climate Variability. Land Use andInstitutional Change in the Kaya Region, Burkina Faso’. ResearchReport 63. Leiden: African Studies Centre.

Campbell, B.M., Luckert, M.K., Mutamba, (2003), ‘Household livelihoods insemiarid regions: is there a way out of poverty’ the Swedish university ofagricultural sciences.

Carney, D. (1998). Implementing the sustainable rural livelihoods approach. Paperpresented to the DfID Natural Resource Advisers’ Conference. London:Department for International evelopment.

Carney, D. (ed.) (1998), Sustainable Rural Livelihoods. What Contribution can weMake? Nottingham: Russell Press Ltd., for Department forInternational Development.

Carswell, G., (1997), ‘Agricultural intensification and sustainable rurallivelihoods: a think piece’, IDS Working Paper 64, Brighton: IDS.Centre for International Development, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Chambers, R (1989), ‘Vulnerability, coping and policy’, IDS Bulletin 20(2): 1-8.

Chambers, R (1995), ‘Poverty and livelihoods: whose reality counts?’, IDSDiscussion Paper 347.

Chambers, R (1997), ‘Responsible well-being – a personal agenda fordevelopment’, World Development, 25: 1743-1745.

Chambers, R Longhurst, R., and Pacey, A., (eds), (1981), Seasonal Dimensions toRural Poverty, London: Frances Pinter.

Chambers, R. and G. Conway (1992), ‘Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: PracticalConcepts for the 21st Century’, IDS Discussion Paper 296.Brighton: Institute of Development Studies.

Chambers, R., (1987), ‘Sustainable livelihoods, environment and development:putting poor rural people first’, IDS Discussion Paper 240, Brighton: IDS.

Charles E. Benjamin, Steven R. Brechin, (2004), “Livelihoods and institutionaldevelopment in the malian sahela political economy of decentralizednatural resource management”, Natural Resources and Environment in TheUniversity of Michigan.

Chianu, Justina N., Ajani, O. I. Y., Chianu, Jonas N, July, (2008)’, Livelihoodsand rural wealth distribution among farm households in western Kenya:Implications for rural development, poverty alleviation interventions andpeace’, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan,Nigeria.

Chianu; Justina N, Ajani; O. I. Y, Chianu; Jonas N, (2008). “Livelihoods andRural Wealth Distribution among Farm Households in Western Kenya:Implications for Rural Development, Poverty Alleviation Interventions andPeace”, African Journal of Agricultural Research 3 (7): 455-464.

Christopher McDowell and Arjan de Haan, (1997), ‘‘Migration and SustainableLivelihoods: A Critical Review of the Literature’’, IDS Working Paper 65,Institute of Development Studies, at the University of Sussex, Brighton,UK.

Connell, J., Dasgupta B., Laishley, R. and Lipton, M., (1976), “Migration fromRural Areas: The Evidence from Village Studies”, Oxford University Press,Delhi.

Conway, G., (1985), ‘Agroecosystems analysis’, Agricultural Administration,20:31-55.

Cousins, B., (1997), ‘How do rights become real?’, IDS Bulletin, 28(4): 59-68.

Davies, S., (1997), ‘Livelihood adaptation’, Paper for workshop MakingLivelihoods work – women, men and children in Rajasthan’, mimeo,Brighton: IDS.

Davies, S., (1996), Adaptable Livelihoods. Coping with Food Insecurity in theMalian Sahel, London: MacMillan.

De Haan, A., (1998), ‘Migration, household strategies, poverty and livelihoods. Acritical review of the migration literature’, Paper for the workshopMigration and Sustainable Livelihoods, 5-6 June,

De Haan, L. (2000), ‘Globalization, Localization and Sustainable Livelihood’,Sociological Rural Development, 40 (3): 339–65.

De Haas. H. (2007), “Remittances, migration and social development: aconceptual review of the literature”, Research Institute for SocialDevelopment, United Nations.

De Hann, A. (1997), “Migration and Sustainable Livelihoods”, IDS WorkingPaper No.65, Sussex, UK.

Deshingkar P. and D. Start, (2003), “Seasonal migration for livelihoods in India:coping, accumulation and exclusion”, Overseas Development Institute,London.

Devereux, S. (2001) ‘Livelihood Insecurity and Social Protection: A Re-emergingIssue in Rural Development’, Development Policy Review, 9 (4): 507–19.

Ellis, F. (1998) ‘Survey Article: Household Strategies and Rural LivelihoodDiversification’, Journal of Development Studies, 35 (1): 1–38.

Ellis, F. (2000), ‘Rural Livelihoods and Diversity in Developing Countries’,Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Esch, F.E. van, (2008).”Creating a new Life: Livelihood strategies andreintegration perspectives of internally displaced people in Bogota”Internally Displaced People (IDP); Colombia Colombia.

Farrington, J., D. Carney, C. Ashley and C. Turton (1999), SustainableLivelihoods in Practice. Early Applications of Concepts in Rural Areas.Natural Resources Perspectives. London: Overseas Development Institute.

Francis, E. (1992), ‘Qualitative Research: Collecting Life Histories’, in S.Devereux and J. Hoddinott (eds.), Fieldwork in Developing Countries,.London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, pp. 86–101.

Frank Ellis, (1999), “Rural Livelihoods Diversity in developing countriesEvidence and policy implication”, Dept for International development(DFID), London.

Gend Dev. Rogaly B, (1998), “Workers on the move: seasonal migration andchanging social relations in rural India”, Gender and Development, vol.6no.1, pp.21-29.

Giddens, A., 1979, Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure andContradiction in Social Analysis, London: MacMillan.

Gopinathan Nair, P.R. Shaji H. and Sanathanan Velluva, (2004), “Developmenteffect on livelihoods strategies of Tribespeople in Attapady Kerala”,Kerala Research Programme on local level development, Center fordevelopment Studies: Discussion Paper No: 99.

Gore, C. (1994) ‘Social Exclusion and Africa South of the Sahara: A Review ofthe Literature’. International Institute for Labour Studies, LabourInstitutions and Development Programme DP 62. Geneva: ILO.

Greeley, M., 1994, ‘Measurement of poverty or the poverty of measurement?’,IDS Bulletin 25(2): 50-57.

Guyer, J. and P. Peters (1987), “Introduction. Conceptualizing the Household:Issues of Theory and Policy in Africa”, Development and Change (SpecialIssue) 18 (2): 197–214.

Hajdu, Flora, (2006), “Rural Livelihood Strategies in Eastern Cape”, LinköpingUniversity, Department of Water and Environmental Studies South Africa.

Harrison, P. (2007), “A Socio-economic Assessment of Sustainable LivelihoodsRegimes for Communities of Dungonab Bay and Mukkawar IslandNational Park, Sudan”, IUCN EARO, Nairobi, Kenya.

Hewett, C. J .M Hope, R (2000). “A Multi-disciplinary Approach to Assessing theEffects of Water and Land Use Policy on Livelihoods”, University ofNewcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Holling, C., 1993, ‘Investing in research for sustainability’, EcologicalApplications, 3: 552-5.

Hoon, P., N. Singh and S. Wanmali (1997), ‘Sustainable Livelihoods: Concepts,Principles and Approaches to Indicator Development’. Paper presented atthe workshop ‘Sustainable Livelihood Indicators’, Social Development andPoverty Eradication Division. New York: UNDP.

Humphries, J. (1982), ‘the Family and Economy: Notes towards a RelativeAutonomy Approach’. Paper presented at the conference on DemographicResearch in Latin America: ‘Linking Individual, Household and SocietalVariables’, sponsored by the Social Sciences Research Council, Ixtapan dela Sal, Mexico (23–27 August).

Hussein, G., McDowell K., and Wolmer, W., (1997), ‘Sustainable livelihoods: aconceptual approach’, mimeo, Brighton: IDS.

Hussein, K., and Nelson, J., (1998), ‘Livelihood diversification’, IDS WorkingPaper, Brighton: IDS.

Ian Cherstoplos and John Farsington, (2004), “Poverty Vulnerability andAgriculture Extension policy reforms in a globalization world”, Oxforduniversity – New Delhi.

Ian Scoones, (2003), “Outlines a framework for analyzing sustainablelivelihoods”, Institute of Development Studies (IDS) Working Paper 72.

IDS (1996). Sustainable Rural Livelihoods. A Proposal to ESCOR. Brighton:Institute of Development Studies.

Jager, A. de, Ir. H.van Keulen, K.E. Keller, Ir. C. Leeuwis, (2007), “Practicemakes perfect: participatory innovation in soil fertility management toimprove rural livelihoods in East Africa”, California.

Jatiket, M. (2007), “The Rural Ecological Agriculture for Livelihood (REAL)Project for Kanchanaburi and Nakhon Si ThammaratProvinces”, ThaiEducation Foundation, Bangkok.

Jesim Pais (2006), “Migration and Labour mobility in the Leather AccessoriesManufacture in India” Delhi Institute for Studies in IndustrialDevelopment, International Young Scholars’ Seminar Papers. Delhi.

Jodha, N., 1(988), ‘the poverty debate in India: a minority viewpoint’, Economicand Political Weekly, 21:1169-1181.

Joffe.M, (2007), “Health, livelihoods, and nutrition in low-income rural systems”,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College Schoolof Medicine, London,UK.m.joffe@imperial.ac.uk.

Johan Eellend,Fanny,Maja, (2007)., “Cultivating the Rural Citizen Modernity,Agrarianism and Citizenship in Late Tsarist Estonia” Stockholm UniversitySweden by Intellecta, Stockholm, Sweden.

Johnson, C., (1997), ‘Rules, norms and the pursuit of sustainable livelihoods’, IDSWorking Paper 52, Brighton: IDS.

Johnston, R. (1993), Geography and Geographers. Anglo-American HumanGeography Since 1945 (4th edn.). London: Edward Arnold.

Jonathan Kydd (2002), “Agriculture and rural livelihoods: is globalisation openingor blocking paths out of rural poverty”, Agricultural Research& ExtensionNetwork, Network Paper No. 121.

Jonathan kydd, (2006), “Agriculture and rural livelihoods: is globalization openingor blocking paths out of rural poverty?”, department of agriculturaleconomics, imperial college at wye, uk.

Jonathan Rigg, (2007), ‘Rural–urban interactions, agriculture and wealth: aSoutheast Asian perspective’ Department of Geography, UK: University ofDurham.

Kaag, M. et al. (2004), ‘Ways Forward in Livelihood Research’, in D. Kalb, W.Pansters and H. Siebers (eds.), Globalization and Development. Themesand Concepts in Current Research, pp. 49–74.

Karl s. zimmerer, (2007),”Agriculture, livelihoods, and globalization: The analysisof new trajectories (and avoidance of just-so stories) of human-environmentchange and conservation” nelson institute for environmental studies, USA:University of Wisconsin ,

Kurian, N. J. (1989), “Anti-Poverty Programme: A Reappraisal” Economic andPolitical Weekly, Vol. 24, No. 12, pp. A13-A17+A19-A20,http://www.jstor.org/stable/4394564.

Lakhwinder,Singh, Inderjeet,Ghuman, Ranjit Singh, (2007), “Changing Characterof Rural Economy and Migrant Labour in Punjab” University Library ofMunich, Germany.

Laura K. Schmitt, (2007), “Developing and applying a soil erosion model in a datapoor context to an island in the rural Philippines”, International Journal ofEnvironment, Development and Sustainability, Springer Science BusinessMedia B.V.: Netherlands.

Leach, M., Mearns, R., and Scoones, I., (1997), ‘Environmental entitlements: aframework for understanding the institutional dynamics of environmentalchange’, IDS Discussion Paper 359, Brighton: IDS.

Leach, M., R. Mearns and I. Scoones (1999), ‘Environmental Entitlements:Dynamics and Institutions in Community-based Natural ResourceManagement’, World Development, 27 (2): 225–47.

Leo de Haan and Annelies Zoomers, (2003), Exploring the Frontier of LivelihoodsResearch, Amsterdam: Aksant Publishers.

Leslie Bank, (2005), “On Family Farms and Commodity Groups: RuralLivelihoods, Households and Development Policy in the Eastern Cape”,Social Dynamics 31(1): 157-181.

Lídia Cabral, (2005 ), “Sustainable Agriculture and Livelihoods”, InternationalInstitute for Environment and Development, London.

Lipton, M (1993), ‘Labour and poverty’, World Bank Staff Working Paper 616,Washington: World Bank.

Lipton, M., (1991), ‘Growing points in poverty research: labour issues’,International Institute for Labour Studies Discussion Paper 66, Geneva:IILS.

Long, N. (1984), Family and Work in Rural Societies, London: TavistockPublications.

Maithreyi Krishnaraj, (2006), “Food Security, Agrarian Crisis and Rurallivelihoods” EPW, 43 (45).

McDowell, C., and de Haan, A., 1997, ‘Migration and sustainable livelihoods’,IDS Working Paper 65, Brighton: IDS.

Michael Cameron and Steven Lim, (2005), “Migration, Household Compositionand Child Welfare in Rural Northeast Thailand”, University of Waikato.

Michele Ford and Nicola Piper (2006), “Southern Sites of Female Agency:Informal Regimes and Female Migrant Labour Resistance in East andSoutheast Asia” the City University of Hong Kong Southeast AsiaResearch Centre Working Paper Series, No. 82, Southeast Asia ResearchCentre.

Mirdul eapen, jayaranjan, K.N.Harilal, Padmini Swaminathan and Nazneen Kanji,(2003), “Liberalization, Gender and livelihoods: The cashew nut case”,working paper 3, The International Institute for Environment anddevelopment (IIED).

Mitra, Arup Murayama, Mayumi, (2008), “Rural to Urban Migration: A DistrictLevel Analysis for India”, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan,External Trade Organization (JETRO), IDE Discussion Papers with number137.

Moser, C. (1998), “The Asset Vulnerability Framework: Reassessing UrbanPoverty Reduction Strategies”, World Development, 26 (1): 1–19.

Nair,Ajai,(2005).“Sustainability of microfinance self help groups in India: wouldfederate help?” The World Bank in its series Policy Research WorkingPaper Series with number 3516.

Nelson, Sara C., (2007), "Farming on the Fringes: Changes in Agriculture, LandUse and Livelihoods in Peri-Urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania". HonorsProjects. Paper 10, http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/geography.

Nooteboom. G. (2003), A Matter of Style: Social Security and Livelihood inUpland East Jav, Amsterdam: Rozenberg.

North, D. (1990), Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

North, D., (1990), Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Olivier de Sardan, J. and T. Bierschenk (1994), “ECRIS: Enque te CollectiveRapide d’Identification des conflits et des groupes Strate´ giqies”, BulletinAPAD 7: 35–43.

Onduru, Davies D, Du Preez, Chris C.C, (2008), “Farmers' Knowledge andPerceptions in Assessing Tropical Dryland Agricultural Sustainability:Experiences from Mbeere District, Eastern Kenya” International Journal ofSustainable Development and World Ecology Vol. 15.

Oza, A. N. (1988). “Integrated Entrepreneurship Development Programmes: TheIndian Experience” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 23, No. 22 pp.M73-M79 http://www.jstor.org/stable/4378551.

Papademetriou, D.G. and Martin, P.L., (1991), “The Unsettled Relationship. LaborMigration and Economic Development”,Greenwood Press, New York.

Payne, P., and Lipton, M., with Longhurst, R., North, J., and Treagust, S., (1994),‘How Third World households adapt to dietary energy stress. The evidenceand the issues’, Food Policy.

Pender, J., F. Place and S. Ehui (1999), ‘Strategies for Sustainable AgriculturalDevelopment in the East African Highlands’. EPTD Discussion Paper 41.Washington: IFPRI.

Pender, J., P. Jagger, E. Nkonya and D. Serunkuma (2001), ‘DevelopmentPathways and Land Management in Uganda: Causes and Implications’.EPTD Discussion Paper 85. Washington: IFPRI.

Pender, J., S. Scherr and G. Duron (1999), ‘Pathways of Development in theHillsides of Honduras: Causes and Implications for AgriculturalProduction, Poverty and Sustainable Resource Use’. EPTD DiscussionPaper 45. Washington: IFPRI.

Rachel Sabates-Wheeler, (2007). Safety in small numbers: Local strategies forsurvival and growth in Romania and the Kyrgyz Republic, Journal ofDevelopment Studies, 43, (8 ): 1423 – 1447.

Raghav Gaiha,Arul Nandhi,( 2007). “Microfinance, Self-Help Groups andEmpowerment in Maharashtra” Australian National University, AustraliaSouth Asia Research Centre in its series ASARC Working Papers withnumber 2007-15.

Raman Nair, R. (2001), “Content management for agricultural research anddevelopment in India”. In Proceedings 23rd IASLIC Conference, pp. 31-42,Thiruvananthapuram (India).

Ravallion, M., (1992), ‘Poverty comparisons: a guide to concepts and measures’,Living Standards Measurement Paper 88, Washington: World Bank

Ravindra, (2006). ‘‘The management of sustainable natural resources in India’’,Watershed Support Services and Activities Network (WASSAN.

Rengasamy, S. and Devavaram, J. and Prasad, R. and Erskine, A. andBalamurugan, P. and High, Chris (2001) Thaan Vuzha Nilam Tharisu: theland without a farmer becomes barren: policies that work for sustainableagriculture and rural livelihoods in Virudhunagar District, Tamilnadu.IIED, London, UK.

Richards, P. (1989), Agriculture as performance. In: Chambers, R., Pacey, A. andThrupp, L-A. (eds.), Farmer First: Farmer Innovation and AgriculturalResearch, pp. 39-43. London: Intermediate Technology Publications.

Rigg, J. (1998). “Rural-urban interactions, agriculture and wealth: a SoutheastAsian perspective Progress in Human geography”, Sage Publication,Journal, 22, November Issue, pp. 497 – 522.

Robert Chambers, (1995), Poverty and livelihoods: whose reality counts?’’Environment and Urbanization, NewDelhi: Sage publications.

Rowlands, J. (1997), Questioning Empowerment. Working with Women inHonduras, Oxford: Oxfam Publications.

Sanjeev Kapoor and Raj Kumar Ojha, (2004), “Vulnerability in Rural AreasPotential Demand”,Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, India.

Schaffer, P., (1996), ‘Beneath the poverty debate: some issues’, IDS Bulletin27(1): 23-35.

Schmink, M. (1984), “Household Economic Strategies: Review and ResearchAgenda”, Latin American Research Review, 19 (3): 87–101.

Scoones, I. (1998), ‘Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: A Framework for Analysis’.IDS Working Paper. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies.

Scoones, I. (1998), “Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: A Framework for Analysis”,IDS Working Paper No.72, June 1998, Sussex, UK.

Scoones, I. and W. Wolmer (2002), Pathways of Change in Africa. Crops,Livestock and Livelihoods in Mali, Ethiopia and Zimbabwe, Oxford: JamesCurrey.

Scott, J. (1991), ‘Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis’, in R. Aruna(ed.) , Womens’s Studies International. Nairobi and Beyond, New York:Feminist Press. pp. 13–37.

Sen, A (1984), ‘Rights and capabilities’, in A., Sen, Resources, Values andDevelopment, Oxford: Basil Blackwell: 307-324.

Sen, A (1987), The Standard of Living, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Sen, A and Ryan, J., (1990), Village and Household Economies in India’s Semi-arid Tropics, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.

Sen, A. (1981), Poverty and Famines. An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation,Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sen, A. (1985), Commodities and Capabilities, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Sen, A., (1975), Employment, Technology and Development, Oxford: ClarendonPress.

Siribut, Y. (2007). “Socio-economic contributions of agro-biodiversity to thelivelihoods of smallholder farmers” Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai.

Solesbury, W. (2003a), Sustainable Livelihoods: A Case Study of the Evolution ofDFID Policy, London: Overseas Development Institute.

Solesbury, W. (2003b), ‘The Sustainable Livelihoods Case Study. BridgingResearch and Policy Seminar’. Transcript of presentation given at OverseasDevelopment Institute, London.

Stephen Devereux, BobBaulch, Ian Macauslan, AlexanderPhiri andRachelSabates(2007), “Vulnerability and Social Protection in Malawi”,Wheeler Discussion Papers – 387.

Sunethra Thennakoon, (2001). “Rural Livelihood Strategies and the Five Capitals:A Comparative Study in the Selected Villages of Sri Lanka”www.sasnet.lu.se.

Sushanta Mahapatra (2007), “Livelihood Pattern of Agricultural LabourHouseholds in Rural India”, South Asia Research, 27(1): 79-103.

Sushanta Mahapatra, (2007), “Livelihood Pattern of Agricultural LabourHouseholds in Rural India’, Madras Institute of Development Studies, No.79, Second Main Road, Gandhi Nagar Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.Volume 40, Number 2, pp. 93

Swaminathan, M. S. (1994), ‘‘Reaching the unreached” http://www.unep.org/ourplanet/ imgversn/121/swamin.html.

Swaminathan, M.S. (2005), ‘Rural Knowledge Revolution’, The Hindu,http://www.hindu.com/2005/07/09/stories/2005070902601000.htm.

Swarna S.Vepa, (2005). “Atlas of the Sustainability of food security”,M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai.

Swift, J., (1989), ‘Why are rural people vulnerable to famine?’, IDS Bulletin20(2): 8-15.

Tanya Jakimow, (2007).’ “The Rationale of Self-help in DevelopmentInterventions Case Study of a Self-help Group Programme in Tamil Nadu”Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.

UNDP (1990), Human Development Report, New York: Oxford University Press.University of Sussex.

Villareal, M. (1994), ‘Wielding and Yielding. Power, Subordination and GenderIdentity in the Context of a Mexican Development Project’. PhD Thesis,Wageningen: Wageningen University.

Von Benda-Beckmann, F. (1988), Between Kinship and the State: Social Securityand Law in Developing Countries. Dordrecht: Foris Publications.

Walker, T., and Jodha, N., (1986), ‘How small farm households adapt to risk’, inP., Hazell, C. Pomaradea.

Walker, T.and A., Valdes, (eds), (2002) ‘Crop Insurance for AgriculturalDevelopment, Baltimore’ John Hopkins University Press: 17-34

WASSAN and Centre for World Solidarity (CWS) have jointly undertaken,(2002), a study "Micro Watershed Development Plan"AP Rural PovertyReduction Program (APRPRP), Andra Pradesh.

WCED, (1987) Sustainable Development. A Guide to Our Common Future (TheBruntland Report). Geneva: World Commission on Environment andDevelopment.

WCED, (1987), Our Common Future. The Report of the World Commission onEnvironment and Development, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Zachary Kinaro, (2008), ‘‘Wetland Conversion to large-scale agriculturalproduction; implications on the livelihoods of rural communities’’,Linkopings University,Yala Swamp, Lake Victoria basin, Kenya.

Zachary Omambia Kinaro, Prof. Hans Holmen, (2008), ‘‘Water Resources andLivelihood Security’’ Linkoping University, Sweden.

Zoomers, A. (1999), ‘Linking Livelihood Strategies to Development. Experiencesfrom the Bolivian Andes’, Amsterdam: Royal Tropical Institute/Center forLatin American Research.