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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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PERIODICALS

The Deccan Herald (Daily) Bangalore

The Hindu (Daily) Madras

The Hindustan Standards (Daily) Calcutta

The Indian Express (Daily) Madurai

The Kerala Kaumudi (Daily) Trivandrum

The Malayala Manorama (Daily) Kottayam

The Mathrubhumi (Daily) Ernakulam

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Aikara J Education out of school children,

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Astin, H. W. Personal and Environmental

Factors Associated with College

Drop-outs Among High Aptitude

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Psychology 5 5(4) 219-229 1971.

Benthold, Michal Effective Language Acquisition

Through the Language Immersion

Method in Australian Secondary

Schools. Babel: Journal of the

Australian Modern Language

Teachers Association.

Edmund J King Education and Social change

Pergamon Press London. 1969.

Gillian Roehring Issues related to the implementation

of inqury based instruction in

both secondary and under graduate

classrooms. Sandieco State University

March 16.2006.

Govt. of Bangladesh Secondary education improvement

in Bangladesh.

Gragg, W.L. “Some Factors that Distinguish

The Drop-outs from High School

Graduates”. The journal of

Education Research 62(8) 339.

Howard Elizabeth Hand Book for High School

Teachers; Staff Development in

the Topic of Constitutional

Government. Arc Arlington Tx.

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Jayasuriya “Educational Factors Associated

with Wastage in Education”

Journal of Educational Research

And Extension 7(3) 129-133. 1971.

Kasinath, H. M “The Drop-outs” The progress of

Education, Poona India 54(8)

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Kaul G. N Raising Academic Standards of

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Khan Q. U. “Efficiency co efficiency for school

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Productivity.

Mehta, Prayag “Motivating Primary Education. A

Psychological Strategy for

Eliminating Wastage Indian

Education Review, 9(2): 1-24

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January 2002 vol.I. Issue –I

Platte, Stephe A Co-operative Learning, a Practical

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Education, 55, 26-28

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Primary Level. A Hand Book for

Teachers, New Delhi NCERT

Russell. W. R. Rumberger and “Student Mobility and the

Katherme A Lurson Increased Risk of High School

Drop-out”. American Journal of

Education 1998.

235

T. Seng M. S. “Comparisons of Selected Familial

Personality and Vocational Variables

of High School students And Drop

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Sundarajan Vocational Preference of the

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Experiments in Education,

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Threlfall, M. Langley G Constraints is the participation of

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Trent . S . C . (1998) False starts and other journel

of Learning Disabilities. 31, 503-513.

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REPORTS

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and Secondary Education – A project

on Universal Basic and Secondary

Education . American Academy of Arts

and Science, Cambridge, M A.(2004)

Brown B.L. Learning Styles and Vocational

Education Practice Application

Brief, ERIC Clearing House on Adult,

Career and Vocational Education,

Columbus, OH. 1998

Climbing the Ladder A case study of the Women’s

Seccondary Education Progamme

of Allama Iqbal Open University.

Cornell University of Regional Conference on Education

West Africa. in West Africa : (2005) constraints

and opportunities, November 25, 26. 2005.

Culanculan, T.L. (1996) Partnership with Business and

Industry: Technical Vocational Education

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of 1960 ERIC.

Dwyer and Other Participants Technical Vocational Education

with Business and Industry : in the Philippines. Descriptive Report,

Record 152 of 1960 ERIC. 1998

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PP 757-758

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237

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Expenditure Committee, 1921.

Government of Kerala Report on Existing Private

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education code should be worked with

regard to existing private schools,

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Govt. Secretariat, Trivandram F.I

239


Travancore Cochin -1124 M.E. 1948-49.

A.D. P. 116

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No. 326, English Records, Government

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Travancore ,1069 M.E.1893-94. A.D.

P. 142.

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Cochin Education Department, Govt. of

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Department 1106 M.E. (1931-31),

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1932.

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Teaching Vol. XIV P.125.

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14 March 1982.

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Development Education Plan. Department of

Elementary Education and

Literacy, 2000.

240

Muhammed Rashid Secondary Vocational School in

Kualalumpur and Scremban, Malaysia:

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Mukeriji S.N. Administration of Education in India

P. 386.

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Nagam Aiya, V Report on the Travancore , Vol.

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Primary Education Bombay.

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Research and Training Tribal Education in India. New

Delhi, Department of Adult

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Reports on the Administration of

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241

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Department 1106, M.E. 1930.31

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Review Seminar on Work Experience,

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University of Kerala: Studies in education, University of Kerala

Bulletin No. I June 1962 PP.14-15

242

TECHNICAL REPORTS

Anderson Edward Positive use of Rap Music in the

Classroom. ERIC Data Base,

Record 5 of 16.

Kutz, Ronald Teaching Elementary

Mathematics. Bosotn : Allyin and

Bacon 6 to 7, 1990.

Moore, R.W The Scientific Attitude Inventory. A

Revision ERK Data Base, Record.

2 of 3, 1997.

Mumby, H Issue of Validity in Science Attitude

Measurement Eric. Data Base,

Record, 1 of 3, 1997.

NEWS RELEASE

Financing Secondary Education Constraints and international

policy context – English

publication – Lene Buchert –

Report (2003)

Viroj Naranong Gender, Credit constraints and

Education in Rural Thailand (1998).

Biswajith Khandi 16 Jan 2003 India on move –

Kerala High Court takes steps to

speed up

BUSINESS LINE

THE HINDU Financial Daily from group of

publications Saturday Dec.27-2003

G K Nair Quality of Education on decline in

Kerala Kochi-Dec.26.

243

APPENDIX – I

QUESTIONNAIRE TO TEACHERS

M. G. Remadevi

Research Scholar

University of Calicut

Department of Education

This questionnaire is intended to collect information regarding the

constraints in Secondary Education of Kerala. Please read the questionnaire

carefully, and put a tick ( ) mark against the appropriate alternative given as

answers. Write briefly if explanation is asked for. Additional sheets can be used

if required. The information you furnish in this questionnaire will be kept

confidential and will be used only for research purpose.

M. G. Remadevi

244

I. 1. A. Which facilities are available in your staff room?

Writing

Facilities

available

Less than

Enough Enough

More than

enough

Not

available

1 Writing Tables

2 Writing Pads

3 Writing Boards

4 Chairs

5 Stools

6 Any other (Please specify)

B. Which facilities available for book keeping?

Availability of Book

keeping facilities

Less than

enough Enough

More than

enough

Not

available

1 Almirahs

2 Book shelves

3 Racks for keeping books

4 Any other (please specify)

C. which general facilities are available in your staff room?

General

Facilities available

Less than

enough Enough

More than

enough

Not

available

1 Availability of space in

the staff rooms

2 Air circulation in the

staff rooms

3 Toilet facilities

4 Electric connection

5 Fans

6 Drinking water


245

II. A. Which general facilities are available in your class room?

General Facilities

available

Less than

enough Enough

More than

enough

Not

available

1 Availability of space

in the class rooms

2 Natural light in class

rooms

3 Air circulation in

class rooms

4 Fans in the class

rooms

5 Electrical connection

in class rooms

6 Sitting facilities for

students

7 Writing facilities

for the students

8 Facilities for students

to keep their books


B. Which board facilities are available in your class room?

Board facilities Less than

enough

Enough More than

enough

Not

available

1 Chalk boards

2 Peg boards

3 Bulletin boards

4 Felt boards

5 Mark pen boards

6 Magnetic boards


C. Which facilities are available for drinking water and lunch table?

Available facilities Less than enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not

available

1 Water taps

2 Water coolers

3 Water purifiers

4 Lunch tables and chairs


246

III. A. Play ground facilities for students

1. Separate play ground for boys and girls available

2 Separate play grounds for boys and girls not available

B. Which facilities are available for students for out door games?

Facilities

available for

out door

games

Less than

enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not available

1 Volleyball

2 Tennis

3 Badminton

4 Cricket

5 Football

6 Ball badminton

7 Ring

8 Kabadi


C. Which equipments are available for out door games?

Availability of equipments Less than

enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not

available

1 Volley balls

2 Foot balls

3 Tennis balls

4 Badminton balls

5 Bats

6 Shuttle bats

7 Shuttle cocks

8 Tennis bats

9 Cricket bats

10 Nets

11 Stumps for cricket


247

D. Which equipments are available for indoor games?

Availability of

equipments

Less than

enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not

available

1 Chess

2 Caroms

3 Table Tennis

4 Cards

5 Skipping ropes


E. Availability of teachers for physical education

1 Full time Physical-Education-teachers available 2 Full time Physical-Education-teachers not available

F. Availability of periods for physical education

1 Separate periods are available for physical education

2 Separate periods are not available for physical education

IV. A. Facilities available in the library

1 Library available

2 Library not available

B. Do you have separate rooms as reading room?

1 Separate Reading Rooms available

2 Separate Reading Rooms not available

248

C. If the answer is „yes‟ what among the following types of books are

available?

Types of Books

Less than

enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not available

1 Essays

2 Novels

3 Short stories

4 Biographies

5 Autobiographies

6 Poems

7 Criticisms

8 Dramas

9 Children’s literature

10 Comparative studies

11 Dictionaries

12 Scientific books

13 Encyclopedias

14 Science magazines

15 Weeklies

16 Journals

17 Children’s magazines

18 IT literature

19 Comics

20 Reference Books for teachers


D. Is qualified librarians available?

1 Qualified librarians available 2 Qualified librarians not available

E. Procedures for issuing books when librarians are not available

1 Teachers themselves distribute books 2 Books are not distributed. 3 Substitute arrangements are made on daily wages 4 Books are distributed using the services of students

249

F. What is the Time schedule for distributing the books?

1 Students can make use of library facilities any time they like 2 Library facilities can be used before and after school hours 3 Library can be used only on the stipulated time in the time table 4 Students can make use of library facilities during free hours


G. Is qualified class librarians available?

1 Class libraries available

2 Class libraries not available

H. Is lending library facilities available in your school?

1 Lending library facilities available 2 Lending library facilities not available

I. What suggestions do you have to improve school library facilities?

1 Collect more books with the co-operation of students

2 Collect books from the members of the society

3 Buy more books raising funds through entertainment programmes

4 Collect books by influencing authorities

5 Collect books free of cost from publishers


J. If the library is not being put to good use what are the reasons for same?

1 Lack of Space 2 Teaching does not require the students to use the library 3 Library is not a centre of attraction for the students 4 Students are not aware of the value of the library books 5 Lack of time at the disposal of the students 6 Flops in the distribution of library books 7 Lack of useful books


250

K. Using what remedial measures can we meet this situation?

1 Make library a centre of attraction 2 Make available books which the students may enjoy reading 3 Synchronise class room activities with the library work. 4 Give class exercises to students so that they will be motivated to use the library 5 Give training to students in the proper use of library 6 Ensure that books are issued easily to students


V. A. Do you have a science laboratory in your school?

1 Science laboratory available 2 Science Laboratory not available

B. If „yes‟ is there enough space available for the laboratory.

1 Enough space available 2 Enough space not available

C. If there is a laboratory in your school how is it arranged?

D. If a general Laboratory, does it have the following.

Facilities

Less than

enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not available

1 Instruments

2 Chemicals

3 Working models

4 Models

5 Aquarium

6 Terrarium

7 Stuffed items

8 Specimens


1 General science laboratory 2 Separate physical science and Natural science laboratory

251

E. Do you have facilities for laboratory?

1 Laboratory facilities properly made use of 2 Lab facilities not properly made use of

F. If the laboratory is not being put to good use what are the reasons for?

1 Lack of instruments 2 Lack of chemicals 3 Lack of time 4 Lack of interest on the part of students 5 Because of the risk in doing experiments 6 Because laboratory activities can lead to indiscipline. 7 Lack of training for the teachers in the use of laboratory 8 Students can be taught even without laboratory activities


G. What suggestion do you have to improve the laboratory facilities?

1 Increase conveniences in the laboratory 2 Give weightage to laboratory activities also in evaluating students 3 Make science laboratory activities more alive 4 Ensure student participation in experiments 5 Give importance to improvised experiments also 6 Make laboratory activities means of problem solving 7 Ensure co-operation of students in the laboratory activities


VI. A. Constructional standard of the School Building

1 Constructional standard is good enough 2 Constructional standard not good enough

252

B. What are the reasons for considering constructional standard as poor

1 Rooms are leaking 2 Enough number of class rooms are not available 3 Office rooms are not spacious enough 4 Staff rooms are not spacious enough 5 Walls separating class rooms do not exit 6 Walls are not plastered properly 7 Room floors are of poor finish 8 Not sturdy construction


C. Do the school has the following facilities

Available

Not Available

1 Computer rooms 2 A.V. Room 3 Psychological laboratories 4 Counseling rooms

5 Rest rooms

6 Visitors rooms

7 Recreational rooms

8 Store rooms 9 Indoor games rooms 10 School co-operative societies 11 Auditoriums 12 Open air theatres 13 Conference Halls 14 PTA rooms 15 Seminar Halls 16 Stages


253

D. If the school building is without required facilities what are the main

reasons for that?

1 Financial difficulties 2 Neglect of concerned authorities 3 Non receipt of grant from Government in time 4 Mentality of authorities that existing facilities are adequate 5 Lapses on the part of teachers in bringing matters to the notice of authorities 6 Non co-operation of the members of the society 7 Any other (Please specify)

E. What remedial measures do you propose for the inconveniences?

6 Any other Please specify)

VII. Transport facilities to the School

1 Transport arranged by the school 2 Public transport service only 3 Transport arranged by Parents 4 Transport arranged by Parent Teacher Associations 5 Total

VIII. Do you have the following instruments in your school technology?

1 Telephone

2 Intercom 3 Photostat

4 Fax 5 Internet connection

6 Stenciling facilities


1 Improve facilities using PTA fund

2 Influence higher authorities to provide more facilities

3 Improve facilities by raising funds from the public

4 Influence high level business men, industrialists etc. to sponsor additional

facilities.

5 Organize entertainment programmes and raise money for improving facilities

254

IX. Do you have the following equipments in your Educational Technology

Laboratory?

1 Computer

2 16mm projector 3 Television

4 CD Player 5 VCR 6 Maps 7 VC P 8 Charts 9 Still projectors

10 Diagrams 11 Episcope 12 Diascope 13 Epidiascope 14 Glass slide projector 15 Micro projector 16 Film strips 17 Loop film projector 18 OHP 19 Public address system 20 Pictures 21 Globes


2. I. (A) What is your opinion about the prevailing curriculum

1 Curriculum is suitable 2 Curriculum some what suitable 3 Curriculum not suitable

255

(B) If „not‟ suitable what could be the reasons for the same?

1 Does not permit growth of individual excellence

2 Unnecessarily taxes the memory power of the children

3 Does not help inculcate social consciousness

4 Does not provide training for future life

5 Does not help in getting a job

6 Does not help the child to become self sufficient

7 The curriculum over burdens the students

8. Does not help to develop proper mental attitudes

9 Does not help in making education individual centered

10 Does not help in experimenting new teaching strategies

11 Is not work oriented in nature

12. Curriculum is not flexible

13. Non availability of enough number of optional subjects

14 curriculum is out dated

15 Does not consider regional differences

16 Curriculum is purely examination oriented


(C) What suggestions do you have to make the curriculum suitable


1 Simplify the curriculum 2 Arrange the curriculum so as to promote creativity of the students 3 Revise the curriculum by including such aspects that will promote growth of individual

excellence

4 Include portions which will help to realize the higher educational objectives in the

Curriculum

5 Include portions which will promote social consciousness 6 Include portions which can promote social capabilities 7 Make the curriculum more life oriented 8 Include portions which can cater to individual tastes 9 Include study materials which can help develop affective domain objectives

10 Include materials which would help individualization of instruction 11 Include portions which would help in experimenting new methods of teaching 12 Include portions which will promote work-oriented education 13 Make syllabus more flexible 14 Provide more optional subjects 15 Curriculum should have contemporary relevance 16 Bring changes in the curriculum to cope with regional difference

256

3. I. (A) Do you think the teaching methods adopted now are suitable?

1 Instructional strategies are suitable 2 Instructional Strategies are not suitable

(B) What are the reasons for considering the instructional strategies as

non suitable?

1 Inadequacy of the teacher training received

2 Inadequacy of inservice education.

3 Poor class room facilities.

4 Due to poor planning of study materials.

5 Since text books have to be transacted as such.

6 Lack of confidence in new methods of teaching.

7 Study materials do not allow adoption of new instructional strategies.

8 Since teaching is examination oriented there is no scope to practice new

methods.

9 Overpopulation of students in class creates hurdles in experimenting with

new instructional strategies.

10 Lack of required instruments and facilities.

11 Neglect of authorities in implementing new strategies.

12 Lack of time for practicing new instructional strategies.

13 Lack of co-operation of students while experimenting new strategies.

14 Non co-operation of parents.

15 Non co-operation of colleagues.

16 School planning is not conducive to new instructional strategies.

17 New teaching methods do not help in individualization of education.


257

(c) What are your suggestions to overcoming difficulties in practicing next

strategies?

1 Make instruction more practical oriented.

2 Arrange classeses in such a way as to permit experimentation of

new teaching strategies.

3 Allow freedom for teachers to deviate from prescribed books.

4 Make teachers aware of the importance of new strategies.

5 Include portions suitable for implementing new teaching

strategies .

6 Reform evaluation procedures giving importance to new

strategies.

7 Reduce teacher pupil ratio.

8 Make available enough equipments and facilities.

9 Compel the authorities concerned to give instruction for

practicing new strategies.

10 Simplify the syllabus so as to give time for practicing new

strategies.

11 Provide enough funds for implementing new methods.

12 Ensure the co-operation of students by organizing awareness

programmes.

13 Ensure the co-operation of parents by organizing awareness

programmes.

15 Reorganize school planning so as to help incorporate new

strategies.


4. I. (A) Are you satisfied with the existing secondary level administrative

system?

1 Satisfied 2 Not satisfied

(B) What are the reasons for dissatisfaction?

1 The administrative system is rigid 2 The administrative system is authoritarian in nature 3 The system denies freedom for teachers 4 The administrative system is highly centralized 5 Denies academic freedom


258

(C) What are the cases for administrative constraints?

1 Poor attendance of students creates administrative problems

2 Overcrowding of students creates administrative problems

3 High teacher pupil ratio creates administrative problems

4 Administrative problems arise from teachers abstaining

regularly from going to the classes

5 Since teachers are not appointed in time sometimes

administrative difficulties arise

6 Leave taken by teachers without prior notice creates

administration problems

7 Unexpected declaration of holidays by government creates

problems

8 Administration procedures and formalities to be observed in

teacher’s appointment create administrative problems

9 Delay in releasing salary to the teachers creates administrative

problems.

10 Delay occurring in releasing school funds in time creates

problems

11 Since the authorities are not given enough training in educational

administration, problems arise

12 Job security given to teachers creates administrative problems

13 Teacher’s strikes create administrative problems

14 Failure in conducting academic supervision creates

administrative problems

15 Authorities without progressive views create administrative

problems

16 The all promotion system creates administrative problems

17 The over domination of teacher’s organizations creates

administrative problems.


259

(D) What are your suggestions overcome this state of affairs

1 Make the administrative system more flexible

2 Make the system more democratic

3 Ensure the freedom of teachers

4 Give more academic freedom

5 Decentralize the administrative system

6 Simplify the procedures to be adopted in the appointment of

teachers

7 Give permission for the heads of the institutions to make substitute

appointments when teachers enter on leave

8 Avoid delay in distributing salary for the teachers

9 Ensure that delay is avoided in the receipt of school funds

10 Give inservice training for authorities in administrative matters

11 Ensure that all teachers will go to the classes in time

12 Frame rules to dismiss unsuitable teachers

13 Ensure that genuine academic supervision is conducted regularly

14 Only the able should be appointed as teachers

15 Stop all promotion system

16 Prevent teachers organizations from interfering in administrative

matters

17 Modify rules to permit double promotion etc in accordance with

student abilities


260

APPENDIX – II

QUESTIONNAIRE TO STUDENTS

M. G. Remadevi

(Research Scholar)

Department of Education

University of Calicut

Dear Friend,

This questionnaire is intended to collect information regarding the

constraints in Secondary Education of Kerala. Please read the questionnaire

carefully, and put a tick ( ) mark against the appropriate alternative given as

answers. Write briefly if explanation is asked for. Additional sheets can be used

if required. The information you furnish in this questionnaire will be kept

confidential and will be used only for research purpose.

M. G. Remadevi

261

I. (A) Which among the following facilities are available in your class room

Facilities available

Less than

enough

Enough

More

than

enough

Not

available

1 Sitting accommodation

2 Writing facilities

3 Facilities for Keeping books

4 Size of the class room

5 Air circulation in the class room

6 Light in the class room

7 Urinal facilities

8 Furniture available for taking lunch

9 Drinking water facilities

10 Electricity

11 Fans


II. (A) Play ground facilities are available for students

Play ground facilities available Less

than

enough

Enough

More

than

enough

Not

available

1 Separate play ground for boys and

girls

2 Ground available for out door games

3 Volley ball courts

4 Foot ball courts

5 Shuttle Badminton courts

6 Ball Badminton courts

7 Basket ball courts

8 Khabadi facilities

9 Cricket stadium


262

(B) Which equipments are available for playing out door games?

Available equipments Less than

enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not

Available

1 Volley balls 2 Foot balls 3 Tennis balls 4 Badminton balls 5 Bats 6 Shuttle bats 7 Shuttle cocks 8 Tennis Bats 9 Cricket bats

10 Nets 11 Stumps for Cricket


(C) Which equipments are available for playing indoor games?

Indoor game

equipments

Less than

enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not available

1 Chess 2 Caroms 3 Table Tennis 4 Cards 5 Skipping ropes 6 Rings


(D) Are there enough teachers and periods for physical education?


Availability of teachers and

periods for Physical education

Less

than

enough

Enough More than

enough

Not

available

1 Availability of full time Physical

Education Teachers

2 Availability of periods for

Physical Education.

263

III. (A) Are there library facilities available in your school

1 Library facilities available 2 Library facilities not available

(B) Are there separate library and reading room facilities available?

1 Separate library and reading room facilities available 2 Separate library and reading room facilities not available

(C) Is there general library facilities available?

1 General library available 2 General library not available

(D) If “yes”, are the following categories of books available?

Types of books Less than

enough

Enough

More than

enough

Not

available

1 Essays

2 Novels

3 Criticisms

4 Short stories

5 Biographies

6 Dictionaries

7 Autobiographies

8 Poems

9 Children’s literature

10 Magazines

11 Weeklies

12 Comics

13 Journals


(E) Whether library books are issued regularly?

1 Library books issued regularly 2 Library books not issued regularly

264

(F) Do you have time schedule for library work

1 Allotment of periods for library work in the time table

2 Allotment of periods for library work not in the time

table

(G) Do you face any difficulties in making use of library facilities for home

assignments

1 Difficulties in making use of library facilities for home

assignments exist

2 Difficulties in making use of library facilities for home

assignment do not exist

(H) If “yes” what types of difficulties do you face?

1 Do not get books from libraries

2 Do not get needed books

3 Do not get enough number of books

4 Do not get time for taking library

books


(I) Who issues library books for you

1 Librarians 2 Teachers 3 Student representatives


(J) When are Library Books issued?

1 Before school hours

2 After school hours

3 When teachers are not present in

classes

4 As per specific time table

arrangements


265

IV. (A) Are the laboratory facilities available?

1 Laboratory facilities available 2 Laboratory facilities not available

(B) Do the teachers demonstrate all the experiments?

1 All experiments demonstrated 2 Selected experiments demonstrated 3 No experiments demonstrated


(C) What are the reasons for not showing the experiments?

1 Shortage of equipments 2 Shortage of chemicals 3 Shortage of time


V. (A) Do your class rooms have enough conveniences?

1 Class rooms have enough conveniences 2 Class rooms do not have enough conveniences

(B) If “no” what kinds of inconvenience do you face?

1 Rooms with leaky roofs 2 Dirty floors 3 Unplastered walls 4 No separating walls between rooms


VI. (A) Does the curriculum creates difficulties for you?

1 Curricular difficulties exist 2 Curricular difficulties do not exist

266

(B) Which type of curricular difficulties are experienced by you?

1 Lessons are difficult to be mastered 2 Difficult to complete learning within the stipulated time 3 Lessons are not interesting 4 Forced to learn things which are of no use in future 5 Learning does not help to get a job 6 Learning becomes expensive 7 Has to unnecessarily memorise so many things 8 Lack of enough practical experience


(C) Do you participate in co-curricular activities?

1 Participates in Co-curricular activities 2 Do not participate in Co-curricular activities

(D) If „No‟ what are the reasons for your non participation?

1 Paucity of time 2 Financial constraints 3 Lack of talents to participate in co-curricular activities 4 Lack of encouragement from teachers 5 Lack of experience


(E) Are there teachers available for all subjects?

1 Teachers available 2 Teachers not available

(F) What is the distance you have to cover to reach the school?

1 Less than one km 2 1 km to 2 kms 3 2 kms to 3 kms 4 3 kms to 4 kms 5 4 kms to 5 kms 6 More than 5 kms

267

(G) If the distance is more than 2 km how do you cover this distance

1 By walk 2 By school bus 3 By own vehicle 4 By public transport


VII (A) Where do you get the financial assistance from?

1 Parents 2 Relatives 3 Own hard work 4 Government Support 5 Sponsored by organizations


(B) What sort of difficulties are you encounted?

1 Difficulties exist 2 Difficulties do not exist

(C) Which type of difficulties exist?

1 Feels difficulties in buying learning equipments 2 Feels difficulties in buying clothes 3 Feels difficulties in participating in many school activities 4 Feels difficulties in reaching school in time 5 Has to suffer peers making fun of 6 Results in the discrimination by teachers 7 Finds difficulties in getting lunch


268

APPENDIX – III

STRUCTURED INTERVIEW SCHEDULE FOR PARENTS

269

1. (a) Name of Parent :

(b) Educational Qualifications :

(c) Occupation :

(d) Monthly Income :

2. What are the basic limitations in the infrastructural facilities in the school

in which your children are studying?

3. What are the academic difficulties faced by your children?

4. What are the administrative difficulties you have experienced from the

school constraints?

5. What are the economic constraints faced by the school your children are

studying?

6. General constraints about secondary education?

270

APPENDIX – IV

STRUCTURED INTERVIEW SCHEDULE FOR EDUCATIONAL

EXPERTS

271

1. Name :

2. Designation :

(If retired the designation

at the time of retirement) :

3. Occupation :

4. Educational qualification :

5. Experience as educationist :

6. What are the basic limitations in the infrastructural facilities in the

Secondary Schools of Kerala?

7. What are the academic constraints in the Secondary educations of Kerala?

8. What are the difficulties faced in high schools due to tack of proper

training to teachers?

9. What are the administrative constraints at the high school level?

10. What are the financial constraints at the high school level?

11. General comments about secondary education?

272

APPENDIX – V

STRUCTURED INTERVIEW SCHEDULE FOR SOCIAL

WORKERS

273

1. Name :

2. Designation :

(If retired the designation

at the time of retirement) :

3. Occupation :

4. Educational qualification :

5. Experience as social worker :

6. Status of social agency in which works. Government/Semi government/

Voluntary?

7. What are the academic constraints in Secondary schools of kerala?

8. What are the difficulties faced in high schools due to tack of proper

training to teachers?

9. What are the administrative constraints at the high school level?

10. What are the financial constraints at the high school level?

11. Give your general comments about Secondary Education?

274

APPENDIX – VI

OBSERVATION SCHEDULE

A. 1. Staffroom facilities

2. Class room facilities

3. Lunchroom facilities

4. Play ground facilities

5. Indoor game facilities

6. Equipment for sports and games

B. 1. Library facilities

2. Class room library facilities

3. Lending library facilities

4. Facilities for issuing the books

C. 1. General Science laboratory facilities

2. Physical science laboratory facilities

3. Natural science laboratory facilities

4. Sufficiency of chemicals

5. Sufficiency of other things

D. School building facilities

E. Modern facilities available in the school

F. Facilities in the educational technology laboratory

G. General comments.

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