bf]/daf / df8l legg 36gf, ;dfg...

cg';Gwfg÷n]vg

sf]if/fh Gof}kfg]dfwjk|;fb uf}td;~ho cof{n

gLlt 5nkmnkq M z[ª\vnf–@

bf]/Daf / df8L leGg 36gf, ;dfg d'2fåGåsf] ;dodf ePsf dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf

k|ltlglwd"ns 36gfsf] ;ª\lIfKt ljZn]if0f

cg';Gwfg÷n]vg

sf]if/fh Gof}kfg]dfwjk|;fb uf}td;~ho cof{n

gLlt 5nkmnkq M z[ª\vnf–@

bf]/Daf / df8LleGg 36gf, ;dfg d'2fåGåsf] ;dodf ePsf dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf

k|ltlglwd"ns 36gfsf] ;ª\lIfKt ljZn]if0f

gLlt 5nkmnkq

© Alliance for Social Dialogue -;fdflhs ;+jfbsf nflu ;xsfo{_

ISBN: 978 9937 2 4376 6

gLlt 5nkmnkq ;+of]hg tyf ;DkfbgM lzj ljz+v]

cfj/0f ;HhfM z]xgfh afg'

k|yd ;+:s/0fM hgj/L @)�!@

PnfoG; km/ ;f];n 8fonu ;lrjfno

;f];n ;fOG; axfM

kf]:6 aS; g+= @%##$, sf7df8f}+, g]kfn

kmf]gM $$&@*)�&, ˆofS;M $$^!^^([email protected]

of] k'l:tsf k|sfzgsf] d"ne"t p2]Zo dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3g / b08xLgtfsf ljifodf gLltut 5nkmn

cufl8 a9fpg' xf] . af}l4s tyf z}lIfs k|of]hgfy{ ;|f]t v'nfO{ o; k'l:tsfsf c+zx¿

k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsg]5 . of] k'l:tsfdf JoQm ljrf/, ljZn]if0f / lgisif{ n]vssf x'g\Ù

To;df PP;8L ;xdt gx'g ;S5 .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

ljifo;"rL

;f/f+z tyf ;'emfj !

!= kl/ro $

!=! cWoogsf] p2]Zo $

!=@ cWoog ljlw %

@= 36gf tyf 36gf:yn;DaGwL hfgsf/L %

@=! kLl8t;DaGwL hfgsf/L &

@=@ kLl8s;DaGwL hfgsf/L *

@=# kLl8tx¿sf] cj:yf / ck]Iff !)�

#= ;z:q åGå / dfgjclwsf/ !#

#=! /fli6«o sfg'g tyf ;Demf}tfx¿ !$

#=!=! g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)�^# !$

#=!=@ lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf, @)�^# !%

#=@ cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ / dfgjLo sfg'g !%

#=# dfjclwsf/ ;+/If0f ;d'bfosf] wf/0ff / k|of; !(

#=$ kl/k"/0f / b08sf nflu sfg'gL Joj:yf @!

#=% ;+:yfut txaf6 ePsf kxnx¿ @@

$= cWoogsf] lgisif{ @@

cg';"rL ! @%

cg';"rL @ @^

;Gbe{;fdu|Lx¿ #)�

gLlt 5nkmnkq

wGojfb

of] gLlt 5nkmnkq PnfoG; km/ ;f];n 8fonu -PP;8L_ sf] ;xof]udf tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .

5nkmnkq tof/ ug]{ qmddf xfdLnfO{ ljleGg dxfg'efjx¿n] ;'emfj, ;Nnfx tyf ;"rgf÷hfgsf/L

lbP/ ;xof]u ug'{ePsf] 5, o;sf nflu xfdL pxfFx¿k|lt cfef/ k|s6 ub{5f}F . df8L 36gfsf kLl8t

tyf kLl8t kl/jf/x¿n] :ynut cWoogsf] qmddf cfˆgf egfOx¿ lg;ª\sf]r /flvlbP/ xfdLnfO{

;xof]u ug'{eof] . To;}u/L 5nkmnkqsf] kf08'lnlkdf cd"No ;'emfj lbg] PP;8Lsf cWoIf ;'zLn

Kofs'/]n, ;b:o dlGb/f zdf{, lgb]{zs xl/ zdf{ / pk–lgb]{zs k|]d ;fksf]6fnfO{ xflb{s wGojfb

lbg rfxG5f}F . 5nkmnkq tof/Lsf] qmddf :ynut cWoog ug'{sf ;fy} k|sfzgsf] ;+of]hg tyf

kf08'lnlk ;Dkfbg ul/lbg' ePsf]df PP;8Lsf jl/i7 sfo{qmd clws[t lzj ljz+v]nfO{ klg xflb{s

wGojfb lbg rfxG5f}F . :ynut cWoogsf] qmddf w]/} ;xof]u ug'{ePsf cgn v8\sfk|lt s[t1tf

JoQm ub{5f}+ .

sf]if/fh Gof}kfg]

dfwjk|;fb uf}td

;~ho cof{n

gLlt 5nkmnkq

k|sfzsLo

lj=;+= @)�^@–^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 g]kfndf /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts / cfly{s

ljifo;Fu hf]l8Psf y'k|} gofF d'2f / kIfx¿ ;txdf cfPsf 5g\ . ltgn] zf;gk4lt, /fhg}lts k|lqmof

/ ljutdf :yflkt ;fdflhs ;DaGwdf cg]sg\ yk k|Zg p7fPsf 5g\ . clxn] eO/x]sf 5nkmn /

ax;nfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ /fHo / gful/ssf] ;DaGw tyf gful/s–gful/saLrsf] ;DaGwdf olt w]/}

k|Zgx¿ ;fob g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df klxnf] k6s p7]sf xf]nfg\ eGg ;lsG5 .

lj=;+= @)�^# kl5 klxrfg, k|ltlglwTj, k'glj{t/0f, clwsf/sf ;fy} ljutdf ePsf] pk]Iff

/ e]befjsf nflu Ifltk"lt{, ;jnLs/0f / ;dfj]zLs/0f h:tf ljifox¿df k|z:t 5nkmn /

ax;x¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ . oL ljifox¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg u/]/ cl3 a9\g] k4lt / k|lqmofx¿ eg] :yflkt

eO;s]sf 5}gg\ .

oxL s'/fnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} PnfoG; km/ ;f];n 8fonu -PP;8L_ n] ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg /fhgLlt /

ljleGg gLlt;Fu ;DalGwt d'2fx¿dfly 5nkmnsf] bfo/fnfO{ km/flsnf] kfg{] p2]Zon] of] 5nkmnkq

k|sfzgsf] ;'?cft u/]sf] xf] .

gLlt 5nkmnkq z[ª\vnfdf g]kfnL ;dfhsf ljleGg ljrf/nfO{ k|:t't ug{ ;Sg] cg';Gwfgstf{ tyf

ljZn]ifsx¿sf] n]vx¿nfO{ ;d]l6g]5 . n]vx¿df JoQm ljrf/ n]vssf lghL x'g\ . ltgn] PP;8Lsf]

;+:yfut wf/0ffnfO{ k|ltlglwTj gug{ ;S5g\ .

— PnfoG; km/ ;f];n 8fonu -PP;8L_ ;lrjfno

gLlt 5nkmnkq

gLlt 5nkmnkq

;f/f+z tyf ;'emfj

!= tYo / lgisif{

lj=;+= @)�%@ b]lv ;'? ePsf] ;z:q åGåsf] ;dodf ePsf dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3g tyf HofbtLsf

36gfx¿dWo] lj=;+= @)�^)� ;fpgdf /fd]5fksf] bf]/Daf / @)�^@ h]7df lrtjgsf] df8Ldf ePsf b'O{

36gfnfO{ k|ltlglwd"ns 36gfsf] ¿kdf lnP/ of] cWoog ul/Psf] xf] .

/fd]5fksf] bf]/Dafdf lj=;+= @)�^)� ;fpg #@ ut] tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf d]h/sf] g]t[Tjdf

/x]sf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}hn] !( hgf JolQmnfO{ kq]m/ lgMz:q u/L 8fF8fs6]/L eGg] PsfGt :yfgdf nuL

uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] 36gfkZrft\ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;]gfnfO{ ;xof]u÷;'/fsL u/]sf]

cleof]u nufO{ tLg hgf :yfgLo JolQmx¿sf] xTof u¥of] .

To:t} lrtjg df8Lsf] afFb/d'9] vf]nfdf @)�^@ h]7 @# ut] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f

;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf] a;nfO{ PDa'; yfk]/ ad lj:kmf]6 u/fpFbf #% hgf ;j{;fwf/0f ofqL tyf tLg

hgf g]kfnL ;]gfsf hjfgsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg] cGo &# ofqL ;Vt 3fOt] ePsf lyP .

bf]/Daf tyf df8L b'j} 36gfdf o'¢/t kIfx¿å/f lgMz:q ;j{;fwf/0f JolQmsf] ;fd"lxs xTof ul/Psf]n]

oL 36gfdf cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ sfg'g tyf dfgjLo sfg'g -h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf] ljb|f]xL kIfnfO{

;d]t ;d]6\g] ;femf wf/f #_ sf ;fy} cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] /f]d ljwfg;d]t cfslif{t x'g

cfpF5 . plNnlvt cGt/f{li6«o sfg'gsf k|fjwfgcg';f/ bf]/Daf / df8L 36gf o'4 ck/fwsf] kl/lwleq

kb{5g\ . o:tf 36gf ePsf sltko b]zdf Gofo lg¿k0fsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3n] g} …6«fO{Ao'gnÚ

agfPsf] x'G5 . sltko b]zdf rflxF ;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u agfP/ åGåsfndf ePsf

dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf 36gf / k|j[lQnfO{ 5fglag u/L lg0f{o lng d2t u/]sf] kfOG5 .

cGt/f{li6«o sfg'gL k|fjwfgsf cfwf/df dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gstf{n] JolQmut ¿kdf kmf}hbf/L

bfloTj jxg ug}{kg]{ x'G5 . :j]R5frf/L ¿kdf JolQmsf] hLjg x/0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ g]kfnsf /fli6«o

sfg'gx¿n] klg 5'6 lbPsf 5}gg\ . /fHon] kxn ug]{ xf] eg] oL b'j} 36gfsf] sfg'gL cleof]hg

g]kfnsf] /fli6«o sfg'gcGtu{t klg x'g ;S5 .

lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf nufot cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)�^# df åGåsf ;dodf 36]sf 36gfsf] 5fglagsf

lglDt ;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ul/g] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . t/ xfnsf lbg;Dd

;f];DaGwL sfg'g;d]t ag]]sf] 5}g . o;n] o:tf uxg k|s[ltsf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{tkm{ /fli6«o :t/sf

gLlt 5nkmnkq

/fhgLlts bnx¿df OR5fzlQm g} gePsf] ;Í]t u5{ . kl/0ffdtM ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sx¿df /fHoaf6

Gofo kfOg] cfzf 36\b} uPsf] b]lvG5 .

/fHo jf /fhgLlts kIf lzlyn eof] eGb}df o:tf 36gfsf bf]ifLnfO{ b08 / kLl8tnfO{ Gofo lbnfpg]

;jfndf gful/s ;dfh tyf dfgjclwsf/ ;d'bfox¿ ;':tfpg jf lg/fz x'g ldNb}g . ltgn] t cem

;Ël7t eO{ yk bafa ;[hgf ug]{ / cfjZostfcg';f/ 36gfnfO{ cGt/f{li6«os/0f ug]{ sfd;d]t ug'{

cjZos x'G5 .

dflysf 36gfsf kL8sx¿nfO{ pgLx¿ ;Da4 ;+:yf jf /fhgLlts kf6L{n] sfaf{xL ul/;s]sf] jf

/fhgLlts k|s[ltsf] d'2f eg]/ arfpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . t/ o:tf] k|lqmofn] s'g} sfg'gL cy{

/fVb}g . cfk/flws :t/sf] 36gf ePsf]n] kL8sx¿nfO{ sfg'gL bfo/fdf NofP/ sfaf{xL ul/g'kb{5 /

kLl8tx¿nfO{ tTsfn kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg'kb{5 . /fHon] olt sfd ug{ ;s]df dfq b]zdf xfn

b]vf k/]sf] b08xLgtf / u}/hjfkmb]xLsf] ;+:s[ltdf lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsg] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 .

@= ;'emfj tyf l;kmfl/;

g]kfn ;/sf/

• åGåsf a]nf ePsf bf]/Daf / df8L 36gf h:tf uDeL/ k|s[ltsf kmf}hbf/L d'2f zL3| ;'g'jfO u/L

6'ª\Uofpgsf nflu ljz]if cbfnt jf GofofwLs/0fsf] u7g x'g'kg]{,

• dfgjclwsf/ tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'gsf] pNnª\3g ug]{ JolQm tyf lgsfox¿pk/

oyfzL3| 5fglag u/L bf]ifLpk/ sfg'gL sfaf{xL ul/g] s'/fsf] ;'lglZrttf ug'{kg]{,

• kLl8tsf kl/jf/sf] cfjZostfcg';f/ kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kg]{ . h:t}— kLl8tsf

5f]/f5f]/Lsf] z}lIfs cfjZostf, hLljsf]kfh{g;DaGwL cfjZostf, ckfË ePsfx¿sf]

pkrf/ / cfjZos ef}lts ;fwg ljt/0f, :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] ;'lglZrttf cflb .

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_

• df8L tyf bf]/Daf 36gfsf bf]ifLx¿ -cfb]z lbg], of]hgf agfpg], sfof{Gjog ug]{, ;xof]u

ug]{;d]t_ nfO{ oyfzL3| k|x/LnfO{ a'emfO{ 5fglag sfo{df ;xof]u ug'{kg]{ .

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u

• cfof]un] df8L / bf]/Daf 36gfsf ;DaGwdf cfkm"n] u/]sf l;kmfl/;sf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu

k|efjsf/L cg'udg ug'{kg]{,

• l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog gug]{ clwsf/Lsf gfd g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgcg';f/ ;fj{hlgs u/L

dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gstf{sf] ¿kdf ;fj{hlgs ug'{kg]{ .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3Lo dfgjclwsf/ pRrfo'Qmsf] sfof{no

• df8L / bf]/Daf 36gfsf ;DaGwdf /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] u/]sf l;kmfl/;sf] sfof{Gjog

tyf pRrfo'Qmn] df8L 36gfsf ;DaGwdf u/]sf ;'emfjx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf lglDt g]kfn

;/sf/dfly bafa l;h{gf ug'{kg]{ .

gful/s ;dfh tyf dfgjclwsf/ ;d'bfo

• bf]/Daf tyf df8L 36gfsf kLl8tnfO{ Gofo lbnfpg lg/Gt/ kxn / cg'udg ug'{kg]{,

• kL8snfO{ sfg'gL bfo/fdf Nofpg] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg lg/Gt/ bafa ;[hgf ug'{kg]{ .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

bf]/Daf / df8L M leGg 36gf, ;dfg d'2f

!= kl/ro

g]kfndf sl/a !! jif{;Dd rn]sf] -@)�%@–@)�^# ;fn_ ;z:q åGåsf sf/0f !#,)�)�)� eGbf

a9L JolQmn] Hofg u'dfpg'k¥of] . ;f]xL cjlwdf w]/} JolQm a]kQf kfl/P / ;j{;fwf/0f;d]t xhf/f}+

lj:yflkt x'g k'u] . åGåsfndf ;/sf/L ;'/Iff kmf}h / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ af6 o'4df ;+nUg g/x]sf

w]/} ;j{;fwf/0fsf] xTof ePsf] lyof] . t/ To;df ;+nUg b'j} kIfsf bf]ifLnfO{ s'g} sfaf{xL ePsf]

5}g . lj=;+= @)�^# ;fn dª\l;/ % ut] ePsf] lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tfdfkm{t b]zdf ;z:q åGåsf]

cf}krfl/s ¿kdf cGTo eP tfklg dfgjclwsf/ xggsf 36gf cem} klg JofKt x'g'sf ;fy}

b08xLgtfn] lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf] 5 .

b08xLgtfsf] a9\bf] k|j[lQ / /fHosf] u}/hjfkmb]xLsf sf/0f dfgjclwsf/ ;+/If0f yk r'gf}tLk"0f{

ag]sf] 5 . ;z:q åGåsfndf ul/Psf dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3g / HofbtLsf 36gfdWo] b'O{j6f

k|ltlglwd"ns 36gfx¿ o; cWoogsf nflu 5gf]6 ul/Psf 5g\ . tL 36gfx¿ x'g\M /fd]5fksf]

bf]/Daf uflj;df ePsf] ;fd"lxs xTof / lrtjg df8Lsf] afFb/d'9]df PDa';df kf/]/ ljikmf]6 u/fOPsf]

ofq' a;sf] 36gf . åGåsfndf /fHo / ljb|f]xL b'j} kIfaf6 ePsf ;fd"lxs xTofsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{

ePsfn] oL b'O{ 36gfnfO{ cWoogsf nflu 5gf]6 ul/Psf] xf] .

!=! cWoogsf] p2]Zo

cWoogsf] ;du| p2]Zo, ;z:q åGåsfndf ePsf dfgjclwsf/ xgg tyf HofbtLsf b'O{j6f

k|ltlglwd"ns 36gf (emblematic cases)�� nfO{ ;ª\d0fsfnLg Gofosf] b[li6sf]0faf6 ljZn]if0f

ug'{ xf] .

cWoogsf ljz]if p2]Zo o; k|sf/ 5g\M

• cWoogsf nflu 5flgPsf 36gfsf] :ynut cWoog u/L 36gf / kLl8tsf] cj:yfaf/]

cWofjlws hfgsf/L ;Íng ug]{,

• 36gfnfO{ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ Pj+ dfgjLo sfg'gsf cfwf/df ljZn]if0f ug]{, /

• ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg GofonfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ /fHon] / cGo ;DalGwt kIfn] v]Ng'kg]{ e"ldsfaf/]

5nkmn ug]{ .

tYofÍsf af/]df cGo ;|f]tx¿af6 klg k'gk'{li6 ul/g'kg]{ . g]kfn ;/sf/ zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfnon] !#,^$^ hgf d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ /fxt ljt/0f ul/;s]sf] 5 . (http://www.epsp.gov.np, visited on 27 December 2011)��

gLlt 5nkmnkq

o; cWoogsf] lgisif{n] ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofok|lt ;DalGwt kIfx¿nfO{ bfloTjaf]w u/fpg d2t

k'Ug] cfzf /flvPsf] 5 .

!=@ cWoog ljlw

o; cWoogsf nflu lgDg ljlwx¿ ckgfOPsf] lyof]]M

• b'j} 36gfsf af/]df pknAw ;Gbe{;fdu|Lx¿sf] ;Íng / cWoog .

• 36gf:ynsf] e|d0f tyf kLl8t kl/jf/, k|ToIfbzL{ tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf kIf;Fu JolQmut /

;d"xut 5nkmn u/L hfgsf/L cBfjlws .

• dfgjclwsf/ / ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o sfg'g / k|rngx¿sf] ljZn]if0f .

cWoogsf qmddf /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u / ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3Lo dfgjclwsf/;DaGwL

pRrfo'Qmsf] sfof{nosf k|ltj]bg tyf ;~rf/dfWoddf k|sflzt ;fdu|Lx¿af6 ;"rgf ;Íng

ul/Psf] lyof] . /fd]5fksf] bf]/Daf uflj;sf] 36gf:yn / lrtjgsf] df8L uflj;sf] afFb/d'9]sf]

:ynut e|d0f ul/Psf] lyof] . o; qmddf kLl8t kIf / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu k|ToIf ¿kdf s'/fsfgL

u/L ;"rgf ;Íng ul/of] .

@= 36gf tyf 36gf:yn;DaGwL hfgsf/L

s_ bf]/Daf 36gf

bf]/Daf 36gf /fd]5fk lhNnfsf] bf]/Daf uf=lj=;=df ePsf] xf] . of] 36gf:yn /fd]5fksf] ;b/d'sfd

dGynLb]lv pQ/–klZrd lbzfdf kb{5 . lj=;+= @)�^)� ;fpg #@ ut] tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf

d]h/sf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}hn] :yfgLo lzIfs o'j/fh df]Qmfgsf] 3/df a}7s ul//x]sf

dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ laxfg sl/a !)�M#)� ah]lt/ ;]gfn] 3]/f xfn]/ uf]nL rnfpFbf s]xL JolQmx¿

efu]sf / efUg g;s]sf !( hgfnfO{ ;]gfn] kqmfp tyf lgMz:q kf/L b'j} xft k5fl8 afFwL sl/a

b'O{ 306fhlt k}bn lxF8fP/ a:tL÷ahf/af6 6f9f 8fF8fs6]/L eGg] PsfGt hËndf k'¥ofof] . ;f]xL

hËndf nueu @M#)� ah] ;a}nfO{ nfOgdf /fv]/ ;]gfn] uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] lyof] . /fli6«o

o'j/fh df]Qmfgsf] 3/ bf]/Daf ahf/af6 sl/a @)� ldg]6sf] k}bn af6fdf kb{5 . bf]/Daf j8f g+= @, cGo 3/x¿af6 s]xL cnu /x]sf] pgsf] 3/df 36gfsf] cl3Nnf] lbgaf6} dfcf]jfbLx¿ a}7s tyf cGo sfo{qmd ug{ eg]/ cfP/ a;]sf lyP . dfcf]jfbLx¿ pQm 3/df a;]sf] yfxf kfO{ ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}hn] 3/df 3]/f xfn]/ 3/leq /x]sf ;a}nfO{ -efUg ;kmn s]xL afx]s_ lgMz:q kf/L aGws agfPsf lyP . 36gfsf] s]xL ;do cufl8 dfq 3/ cfOk'u]sf o'j/fh df]Qmfg, cfˆg} 3/df al;/x]sf o'j/fh df]Qmfgsf 5f]/f nLnf df]Qmfg;lxt !( hgfnfO{ ;'/Iff kmf}hn] ;dft]/ nu]sf lyP . :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df o'j/fh df]Qmfg tyf nLnf df]Qmfgsf] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ;Fu s'g} ;DaGw g/x]sf] b]lvG5 .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] :ynut k|ltj]bg, @)�)�# tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/ / :yfgLo afl;Gbfn]

lbPsf ;"rgfnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf 36gfsf] ;ª\lIfKt ljj/0f oxL xf] .

;fd"lxs xTofsf] e"d/Ldf k/]sf !( dWo] !* hgfsf] nf; 8fF8fs6]/L eGg] :yfgdf nx/} ufl8Psf]

cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf lyP . tLdWo] tLg hgf o'j/fh df]Qmfg, 7"nf]/fd tfdfª / ;fgf]/fd tfdfªsf]

nf; g]kfnL ;]gfn] @)�^)� df3df g]kfnL ;]gfsf]] cWoog 6f]nL cfpg'cufl8 uf8]sf] :yfgaf6

lgsfn]/ glhs}sf] eL/df ˆofFs]sf]df :yfgLo ufpFn]sf] Jofks bafasf sf/0f k'gM ;f]xL :yfgdf

g]kfnL ;]gfn] g} NofO{ uf8]sf] kfOof] .

;f]xL 36gfsf ;DaGwdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f ;]gfnfO{ ;xof]u÷;'/fsL u/]sf] cleof]u nufO{ tLg

hgf :yfgLo JolQmx¿, qmdzM $$ jifL{o :yfgLo dlxnf :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ /]nLdfof df]Qmfg tyf

:yfgLo Jofkf/L eLdaxfb'/ >]i7sf] @)�^)� ebf} !% ut] / csf{ :yfgLo Jofkf/L ljqmd of]~hgsf]

@)�^)� df3 !^ ut] xTof ul/of] . oL tLg}j6f xTofsf 36gfsf] /fHon] 5fglag u/]sf] 5}g .

bf]/Daf 36gfdf ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}håf/f dfl/Psf !( hgfsf] nf; k5fl8 b'j} xft afFwL cfFvfdf k§L

afFw]sf] cj:yfdf 36gf:yn 8fF8fs6]/Lb]lv tnsf] eL/df e]l6Psf] / ufl8Psf nf; pTvgg ubf{ !*

dWo] !% j6f nf;sf] 6fpsf]df /fOkmn kmfo/cfd{af6 ePsf] rf]6;Fu ldNg] Ps} k|s[ltsf rf]6 nfu]sf]

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u, bf]/Daf 36gf, cg';Gwfg ;ldltsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f tyf k|ltj]bg, @)�^)� . /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] bf]/Daf 36gfsf] cg';Gwfgsf nflu @)�^)�.%.( df Ps ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . ;ldltdf s[i0fhË /fodfemL, ;+of]hs -e"tk"j{ GofofwLz, ;jf]{Rr cbfnt_, k|]daxfb'/ lji6 -e"tk"j{ dxfGofoflwjQmf_, sgsdl0f bLlIft -kqsf/_, 8f= xl/x/ j:tL -lrlsT;s, km/]lG;s lj1_ / xl/ km'ofn -/fdfccf_ ;b:o /x]sf lyP0 . ;ldltnfO{ lbOPsf] sfof{b]z o; k|sf/ lyof]M 36gfsf] tYoaf/] hfgsf/L lng], 36gfsf] af/]df aofg lnFbf kLl8t JolQmsf] dfgl;s tgfj, ;'/Iff / cg';Gwfgsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtsf] ;Ddfg ug]{, ;Dej eP;Dd 36gf:ynsf] :ynut e|d0f ug'{kg]{, 36gf:yn k|s[lt emNsg] sfuhft tof/ ug'{kg]{, dflg;x¿ d/]sf] eP ;Dej eP;Dd z/L/df uf]nL nfu]sf] 7fpF / bf]xf]/f] le8Gt eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf tYox¿n] k|dfl0ft ug]{ u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{kg]{, 36gfsf] cg'udg ubf{ le8Gt ePsf] cj:yfdf h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf] ;femf wf/f # sf] kfngf eP gePsf] lg/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ . pQm ;ldltn] @)�^)�.%.!( ut] cfof]unfO{ k|ltj]bg a'emfPsf] lyof] .

:ynut cWoogsf qmddf bf]/Dafsf :yfgLo JolQmsf cg';f/ 36gfsf ;DaGwdf Jofks bafakl5 g]kfnL ;]gfn] bLks u'?ªsf] ;+of]hsTjdf cWoog 6f]nL u7g u/L :ynut cWoogsf nflu k7fPsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . g]kfnL ;]gfsf la=P= s'df/ zdf{sf cg';f/ df]xgaxfb'/ a:g]tsf] cWoIftfdf bfdf]b/ l;njfn / k|sfz yfkf ;lDdlnt 6f]nL @)�^)� df3df bf]/Dafsf] :ynut cWoog ug{ uPsf] kfOof] -@)�^^ ebf} # ut] ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df_. pQm cWoog k|ltj]bg xfn;Dd klg ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5}g .

@)�^% r}tdf :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf ;fy} nf; ufl8Psf] :ynsf] cjnf]sgsf cfwf/df .

@)��^% r}tdf :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df .

@)�^% r}tdf :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

kfOPsf] 5 / !^ j6f nf;df Pp6f dfq uf]nL nfu]sf] 5 . o;af6 uf]nL glhs}af6 xfg]sf] k'li6 x'G5 .

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f xTof ul/Psf tLg hgf JolQmx¿ cf–cfˆg} k];f÷Joj;fo u/]/ a;]sf

;j{;fwf/0f :yfgLo ePsfn] 36gfdf pgLx¿sf] k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ gePsf] k'li6 x'G5 . t;y{, bf]/Daf

36gfdf g]kfnL ;]gf / 36gfkZrft\ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f lgMz:q JolQmx¿sf] xTof ePsf] b]lvG5 .

v_ df8L 36gf

lrtjg lhNnf, sNof0fk'/ uflj;l:yt df8Lsf] afFb/d'9] vf]nfdf @)�^@ h]7 @# ut] g]skf

-dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f df8Laf6 gf/fo0fu9tkm{ cfO/x]sf] ;fj{hlgs a;df tf/sf] ;xfotfn] a;nfO{

nlIft u/L ul/Psf] ad lj:kmf]6df k/L #% hgf ;j{;fwf/0f tyf g]kfnL ;]gfsf # hjfg;d]t

#* hgfsf] d[To' / &# hgf ;j{;fwf/0f 3fOt] ePsf lyP . pQm 36gfdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n]

afFb/d'9] vf]nfdf laR5fPsf] ad ;j{;fwf/0f JolQmn] vrfvr el/Psf] ;fj{hlgs a; cfPsf]

b]v]/ tf/sf] ;xfotfn] @)�)� ld6/ 6f9faf6 k8\sfPsf lyP . pQm a;df tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL

;]gfsf sDtLdf !@ hgf hjfg;d]t ;jf/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . 36gf 36fpg' k"j{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_

åf/f ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwgdf ;]gfnfO{ ;jf/ gu/fpg wDsL lbOPsf] tyf ;]gfnfO{ ;j{;fwf/0f tyf

a; Joj;foLx¿n] k6s–k6s ;fj{hlgs a;df ;jf/ gx'g cfu|x u/]sf lyP . To;sf afah'b

klg ;]gfn] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwg k|of]u u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

;fj{hlgs a; / To;df klg a;leq / a;sf] 5tdf u/L sl/a !%)� hgf ;jf/ b]Vbfb]Vb} g]skf

-dfcf]jfbL_ n] a;nfO{ nlIft u/L ad lj:kmf]6 u/fPsf] kfOG5 .

@=! kLl8t;DaGwL hfgsf/L

bf]/Daf 36gfdf !( hgfsf] Ps} :yfgdf ;fd"lxs xTof ul/Psf], Ps hgfnfO{ rflxF 36gf:yn cyf{t\

o'j/fh df]Qmfgsf] 3/ glhs} cfpFb} ubf{ uf]nL xfgL dfl/Psf] tyf Ps hgf dlxnfnfO{ ;f]xL :yfgaf6

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u, bf]/Daf 36gf, cg';Gwfg ;ldltsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f tyf k|ltj]bg, @)�^)�, k[= !@, nf; cjnf]sg k|ltj]bg .

OHCHR report, “Attack against public transport in Chitwan and Kavrepalanchwok Districts: Investigation report, 18 August 2005”, Para: 20.



o'j/fh df]Qmfgsf] 3/ glhs} g]kfnL ;]gfsf] uf]nL nflu d[To' ePsf 6]saxfb'/ yfkfdu/ /fhgLlts sfo{qmddf efu lng cfPsf / pgL lgMz:q /x]sf] s'/f @)�^% r}tdf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

lu/ˆtf/ u/L a]kQf agfO{ dfl/Psf] kfOG5 . pQm 36gfkZrft\ ;'/fsLsf] cleof]u nufpFb} g]skf

-dfcf]jfbL_ sf :yfgLo sfo{stf{åf/f tLg hgf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] xTof ul/Psf] lyof] . o;/L pQm 36gfdf

s'n @$ hgfsf] xTof ePsf] lyof] . xTof x'g]df !( hgf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf lgMz:q sfo{stf{

/ kfFr hgf ;j{;fwf/0f /x]sf] b]lvG5 . tLdWo] !( hgf /fd]5fk lhNnfsf / Ps÷Ps hgf qmdzM

nlntk'/, wg'iff, sfe|]knf~rf]s, l;Gw'kfNrf]s / ;f]n'v'Da' lhNnfsf lyP . dfl/Psf @$ dWo] !* hgf

k'?if / ^ hgf dlxnf lyP . d[To' x'g]x¿sf] gfdfjnL cg';"rL ! df ;+nUg ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfnL ;]gfåf/f xTof ul/Psf @! hgfdWo] !( hgf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{, Ps hgf

:yfgLo k|fylds ljBfnosf lzIfs / Ps hgf ljBfyL{ lyP . To:t}, g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] xTof

u/]sf tLg hgfdWo] Ps hgf :yfgLo dlxnf :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ / b'O{ hgf :yfgLo Jofkf/L lyP .

df8L 36gfdf d[To' x'g] #* hgfdWo] #^ hgfsf] 36gf:yndf / b'O{ hgfsf] pkrf/fy{ e/tk'/ NofpFb}

ubf{ d[To' ePsf] lyof] . tLdWo] @! hgf lrtjg lhNnfsf afl;Gbf lyP . aflx/L lhNnfsfdWo]

kfFr hgf gjnk/f;Lsf, rf/ hgf emfkfsf, k;f{ / sf:sLsf b'O{÷b'O{ hgf tyf tgx'F, uf]/vf, pbok'/

/ ;'v]{tsf Ps÷Ps hgf lyP . d[To' x'g]dWo] tLg hgf g]kfnL ;]gfdf sfo{/t lyP .

of] 36gfdf d[To' x'g]df !* k'?if / @)� dlxnf lyP , tLdWo] ;ft hgf afnaflnsf klg k/]sf lyP .

pd]/sf cg';f/ sDtLdf 8]9 jif{sL aflnsfb]lv &)� jif{sL j[4 dlxnf;d]t 36gfdf k/]sf lyP .

pQm 36gfdf k/L &# hgf 3fOt] ePsf lyP . h;dWo] ^( hgf 3fOt] lrtjg lhNnfsf lyP .

cof]Wofk'/L uflj; df8Lsf dfq ## hgf lyP eg] df8L sNof0fk'/ uflj;sf @% hgf lyP . e/tk'/

gu/kflnsfsf rf/ hgf / ubL{ uflj;sf tLg hgf, v}/xgL uflj;sf b'O{ hgf tyf auf}8f / lzjgu/

uflj;sf Ps÷Ps hgf lyP . aflx/L lhNnfsf tLg hgfdWo] sf:sL lhNnfsf b'O{ / Ps hgf

ndh'ª lhNnfsf lyP . 3fOt] x'g]df $)� hgf k'?if / ## hgf dlxnf 5g\ .

df8L 36gfdf d[To' / 3fOt] x'g]x¿sf] gfdfjnL cg';"rL @ df lbOPsf] 5 .

@=@ kL8s;DaGwL hfgsf/L

bf]/Daf 36gfdf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] gf/fo0fbn u'Nd, /fd]5fk Aof/]saf6 uPsf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}håf/f

@! hgfsf] xTof ePsf] lyof] . pQm ;'/Iff ansf] sdf08sf] g]t[Tj g]kfnL ;]gfsf d]h/ /fddl0f

@)�^% r}tdf :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df tyf /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u, bf]/Daf 36gf, cg';Gwfg ;ldltsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f tyf k|ltj]bg, @)�^)�, k[= !#, ;ldltsf] lgisif{ .

@)�^^ h]7df :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf ;fy} lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, e/tk'/, lrtjgaf6 k|fKt /]s8{sf cfwf/df .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

kf]v/]nn] u/]sf lyP eg] ;xfos sdf08/ k|x/L lg/LIfs k|jL0f s]=;L= lyP . ;}lgs cbfntåf/f

tTsfnLg ;}lgs P]g, @)�!^ adf]lhd g]kfnL ;]gfsf d]h/ /fddl0f kf]v/]nnfO{ æcfˆgf] dftxtdf

/x]sf kmf}hnfO{ cfjZos sfaf{xL u/Æ egL u}/sfg'gL cfb]z lbPsf] / sdf08 sG6«f]n ug{ g;s]sf]

cf/f]kdf b'O{ jif{sf] s}b;lxt ;]jfaf6 avf{:tL ul/of] . o;sf ;fy} hd= b]jaxfb'/ yfkfsf] Ps tx

36'jf ul/Psf] / ;xfos sdf08/, k|x/L lg/LIfs k|jL0f s]=;L=nfO{ cfjZos sfaf{xL cufl8 a9fpg

g]kfn k|x/LnfO{ ;'emfj lbOPsf] lyof] .

g]kfnL ;]gfsf tTsfnLg d]h/ /fddl0f kf]v/]nnfO{ gful/s h]n gk7fO{ Aof/]sdf g} b'O{ jif{ aGbL

agfO{ /flvPsf] lyof] . ;]jfaf6 avf{:t ePkl5 pgL ljb]zdf uO{ a;]sf] eGg] rrf{ ;'lgG5 .

o;afx]s cGo kL8sx¿ tyf …sdf08 /]:kf]lG;ljln6LÚ k|0ffnLcg';f/ sdf08df /x]sf cGo s'g}

klg JolQmx¿dfly s'g} sfaf{xL cufl8 a9]sf] 5}g . g]kfnL ;]gfn] u7g u/]sf] b'O{j6f cWoog 6f]nL

cyf{t\ …sf]6{ ckm OGSjfo/LÚ df klxnf] 6f]nLsf] ;+of]hs g]kfnL ;]gf dfgjclwsf/ lgb]{zgfnosf

k|d'v lg/]Gb|k|;fb cof{n lyP eg] bf];|f] 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs k|bLk ljqmd /f0ff lyP .

b'j} 6f]nLn] 36gf:yn;Dd k'uL cWoog ug{ g;s]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . tL k|ltj]bgx¿dfly Jofks

cfnf]rgf ePkl5 df]xgaxfb'/ a:g]tsf] cWoIftfdf bfdf]b/ l;njfn / k|sfz yfkf ;lDdlnt t];|f]

6f]nLn] @)�^)� df3df :ynut cWoog u/L bf]ifLdfly sfaf{xLsf] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] kfOof] . /fli6«o

dfgjclwsf/ cfof]uåf/f ul/Psf] 5fglagsf] k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 Jofks bafasf sf/0f

g]kfnL ;]gfn] t];|f] cWoog 6f]nL u7g u/]/ k|ltj]bg agfO{ ;}lgs cbfntåf/f sfaf{xL cufl8

a9fPsf] b]lvG5 .

;f] 36gfkZrft\ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] /fd]5fksf tTsfnLg OGrfh{sf] cu'jfO{df ;]gfnfO{ ;xof]u

ug{ ;'/fsL u/]sf] cleof]u nufO{ tLg hgf :yfgLo JolQmx¿sf] xTof u/]sf] lyof] . pQm xTofdf

cu'jfO{ ug]{, ;+nUg x'g] tyf …sdf08 /]:kf]lG;ljln6LÚ k|0ffnLcg';f/ sdf08df /x]sf cGo s'g} klg

JolQmx¿dfly s'g} klg lsl;dsf] sfaf{xL cufl8 a9]sf] 5}g . o; ljifodf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no

/fd]5fkdf ph'/L;d]t btf{ ePsf] kfOFb}g .

g]kfnL ;]gfsf d]h/ /fddl0f kf]v/]nnfO{ tTsfnLg ;}lgs P]g, @)�!^ sf] bkmf $( s, %$ / ̂ )� adf]lhd s;'/ ls6fg ub}{ ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf ^@ sf] pkbkmf ! sf] 3 adf]lhd @ jif{ s}b / ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf ^@ sf] pkbkmf ! sf] ª adf]lhd ;]jfaf6 avf{:tL ePsf] / h=d= b]jaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ tTsfnLg ;}lgs P]g, @)�!^ sf] bkmf #$ / %$ adf]lhd s;'/ ls6fg ub}{ ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf ^@ sf] pkbkmf ! sf] 5 adf]lhd Ps tx bhf{ 36'jf ul/Psf] ;}lgs pk/yL la=P= s'df/ zdf{åf/f hfgsf/L . -;|f]tM ;}lgs pk/yL la=P= s'df/ zdf{;Fu cg';Gwfg 6f]nLn] @)�^^ ebf} # ut] lnPsf] cGtjf{tf{_ .

g]kfnL ;]gfsf pk/yL la=P= s'df/ zdf{;Fu @)�^^ ebf} # ut] o; cWoog ;d"xn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df . @)�^% r}tdf :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm, kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿ tyf Pg]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ /fd]5fk lhNnf

sfof{nosf clwsf/Lx¿;Fu o; cWoog ;d"xn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

df8L 36gfdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ Pl/of sdf08/sf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] ;d"x ;+nUg /x]sf] kfOG5 . pQm

36gfdf ;+nUg kfFr hgfnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f sAhfdf lnO{ …>d lzlj/Ú df k7fOPsf] g]skf

-dfcf]jfbL_ n] eg]sf] / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn -k|r08_ åf/f cfˆgf]

tkm{af6 uNtL ePsf] :jLsf/ ub}{ ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf Ifdf dfu]sf] ljleGg ;~rf/dfWoddf cfPsf]

lyof] . dfcf]jfbLn] cfGtl/s sfaf{xL u/]sf] eg]sf JolQmx¿sf] gfd lgDg 5M cgsaxfb'/ du/

-lv;g_, rl08sf kf}8]n -;fx;_, /fdaxfb'/ s'dfn -;'hg_, -xs{_ / -b]j]Gb|_ . t/ oLdWo]

s;}nfO{ klg s'g} klg lsl;dsf] sfg'gL sfaf{xL ePsf] 5}g . clxn] kL8s sxfF /x]sf 5g\ eGg]

hfgsf/L kfpg ;lsPg .

o;sf cltl/Qm åGåsf] ;dodf / To;df klg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwgdf

;]gfnfO{ ;jf/ gu/fpg wDsL lbPsf] tyf ;]gfnfO{ ;j{;fwf/0f tyf a; Joj;foLx¿n] k6sk6s

;fj{hlgs a;df ;jf/ gx'g cfu|x u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ hf]lvd kg]{ u/L cfkm" dftxtsf

;]gfnfO{ xltof/;lxt ;fj{hlgs a;df ;jf/ x'g pTk|]l/t ug]{ tyf lgb]{zg lbg] g]kfnL ;]gfsf s'g}

klg kbflwsf/Ldfly …sdf08 /]:kf]lG;ljln6LÚ k|0ffnLcg';f/ sdf08df /x]sf clws[t tyf g]kfnL

;]gfsf cGo s'g} klg JolQmx¿dfly s'g} klg lsl;dsf] sfaf{xL cufl8 a9]sf] kfOPg .

o; 36gfsf ;DaGwdf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, lrtjgdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf k'iksdn

bfxfn lj?4 xTof zLif{ssf] ph'/L btf{ ul/Psf] eP klg hgcfGbf]ng–@ kZrft\ @)�^# ;fndf

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd pQm ph'/Lpk/ d'2f grnfpg] lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . cGosf xsdf

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no lrtjgn] d'n'sL P]gsf] xTofcGtu{t ph'/L btf{ u/L clen]vLs/0f u/]sf] 5

t/ s'g} lsl;dsf] sfaf{xL cufl8 a9]sf] 5}g .

@=# kLl8tx¿sf] cj:yf / ck]Iff

:ynut e|d0fsf qmddf bf]/Daf 36gfsf gf} kLl8t kl/jf/;Fu s'/fsfgL ul/Psf] lyof] . o; qmddf

Ps} kl/jf/sf b'O{ hgfsf] xTof ePsf], cf7 kl/jf/sf 3/d"nLsf] xTof ePsf] / kfFr kl/jf/sf]

g]kfndf yftL /x]sf hjfkmb]xLsf d'2fx¿df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3 dfgjclwsf/ pRrfo'Qmsf] sfof{no g]kfnsf k|d'v l/r8{ a]g]6n] l/kf]6{;{ Snadf lbPsf] dGtJo, @)�^^ ;fpg !$ ut] .

@)�^^ h]7df :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df . 36gf:yndf p4f/sf qmddf pQm a;df ;jf/ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;fyaf6 xltof/ e]l6Psf] s'/f k'li6 ePsf] 5 .

d'2f btf{ g+= !*&÷@)�^@=@=@% g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] @)�^#.@.@( sf] lg0f{oadf]lhd cftÍsf/L tyf ljWj+;fTds sfo{ -lgoGq0f tyf ;hfo_

P]g tyf cWofb]zcGtu{t g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL eO{ ljleGg cbfntx¿df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ lj?4 bfo/ ePsf ;Dk"0f{ d'2fx¿ lkmtf{ lng] / ;f]xL P]g / cWofb]zcGtu{tsf] s;'/pk/ cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ d'2fx¿ grnfpg] egL lg0f{o ePsf] 5 .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

cfly{s l:ylt Hofb} sdhf]/ /x]sf] kfOof] -x]g'{xf];\ aS; !_ .

3/df sdfO{ ug]{ d'Vo JolQmsf] cefjsf ;fy} cGo lgsfoaf6 ;xof]u gePsf sf/0f afnaflnsfsf]

k7gkf7gdf sl7gfO eO/x]sf] / tLdWo] b'O{ kl/jf/sf afnaflnsfn] k9fOnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg g;s]sf]

kfOof] . kl/jf/sf ;b:o;fy} k|To]s dlxnfx¿n] 3/d"nLsf] pkl:yltdf ;xfossf] e"ldsf lgjf{x

ul//x]sf]df 3/d"nLsf] cg'kl:ytdf 3/sf] d'Vo cfo cfh{s tyf ;xfossf] bf]xf]/f] e"ldsf lgjf{x

ug'{k/]sf] 5 . bf]/Dafsf] pQm 36gfdf dfl/Psf Ps hgf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sL kTgL bf];|f] ljjfx u/L

cGoq uPsLn] pgsf tLg hgf 5f]/f5f]/L cnkq k/]sf] kfOof] .

g]kfnL ;]gfåf/f xTof ul/Psf JolQmsf kl/jf/n] ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 tTsfnLg /fxt:j¿k k|d'v

lhNnf clwsf/Ldfkm{t @)�^% kmfu'gdf ?= Ps nfv gub kfPsf] b]lvG5 . To:t} g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_

åf/f xTof ul/Psf tLg hgfsf] kl/jf/n] 36gfsf] s]xL ;dokZrft\ ?= Ps nfv krf; xhf/ /

@)�^% kmfu''gdf ?= Ps nfv gub k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

pQm /fxt /sdk|lt ;a} kLl8t kl/jf/ c;Gt'i6 /x]sf] / tTsfn plrt Ifltk"lt{ tyf kl/k"/0fsf]

Joj:yfsf ;fy} 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ k9fO / /f]huf/Ldf ;xof]u x'g'kg]{ ck]Iff /fv]sf] e]l6G5 . o;sf ;fy},

s'g} klg kIf;Fu ;+nUg ePsf] eP tfklg kL8sdfly tTsfn sfg'gL sfaf{xL x'g'kg]{ dfu /x]sf] 5 .

df8L 36gfdf kLl8t ePsf ;ft kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿;Fu of] cg';Gwfg 6f]nLn] @)�^^ h]7df 5nkmn

u/]sf] lyof] . 3fOt]x¿n] cfk"mn] klxn] ub}{ cfPsf] k];f÷Joj;fonfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg g;s]sf], pkrf/sf

nflu yk Jooef/ ylkg'sf ;fy} C0f;d]t nfu]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . 3fOt]x¿nfO{ ;/sf/sf tkm{af6

@)�^% r}tdf bf]/Dafsf] :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df .

aS; !

s}GnL tfdfª -bf]/Daf 36gfsf kLl8t nId0f tfdfªsL kTgL_d]/f klt kf6L{sf] sfd ug'{x'GYof] . kl/jf/df tLg 5f]/L / b'O{ 5f]/f u/L hDdf 5 hgf 5f}+ . ;fgf]

5f]/f * jif{sf] 5 . p;nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] ;xof]udf sf7df8f}+df k9fO/x]sL 5' . xfd|f]

Psxn uf]? nfUg] af/L dfq ePsf]n] klt x'Fbf Hofnf dhb'/L ul/g] ul/GYof] / ufx|f];fx|f] u/]/

kl/jf/sf] vr{ rn]sf] lyof] . t/ clxn] kl/jf/ rnfpg ufx|f] 5 . af/Ldf pAh]sf] cGgn] ^

dlxgf klg wfGb}g . 3/df agfPsf] hfF8/S;L a]r]/ kl/jf/ rnfpFb} 5'' . To;afx]s cfDbfgLsf]

c¿ ;|f]t s]xL 5}g . klxnf klg C0f nfu]sf] lyof] . pQm 36gfkl5 C0fdfly emg\ C0f

ylkPsf] 5 . 3/ /fd|f] 5}g, 5fgf] /fd|/L 5fpg;d]t ;s]sf] 5}g .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

lgMz'Ns cf}ifwL pkrf/ pknAw u/fpg] elgPsf]df 36gfsf] ;dodf c:ktfndf pknAw u/fOPsf]

k|fylds pkrf/ ;'ljwfafx]s s'g} klg ;xof]u gkfPsf], cfly{s ;d:of k/]/ pkrf/ u/fpg g;s]sf],

cf}ifwL pkrf/ ul//xg'kg]{ cj:yfsf 3fOt]x¿n] pkrf/sf qmddf cfkm"x¿;Fu ePsf] rncrn ;Dklt

tyf 3/hUuf;d]t laqmL ug'{k/]sf] atfP . s]xL kLl8tsf] 3/d"nL g} 3fOt] eP/ s]xL sfd ug{ g;Sg]

cj:yfdf k'u]sf x'gfn] dlxnfdfly yk lhDd]jf/L a9]sf] kfOof] -x]g'{xf];\ aS; @_ .

df8L 36gfsf kLl8tx¿dWo] d[To' x'g]sf kl/jf/n] tTsfn /fxt:j¿k ?= Ps nfv krf; xhf/ /

k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ldfkm{t ?= Ps nfv gub tyf 3fOt]x¿n] k|fylds pkrf/ ;]jf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .

;/sf/sf tkm{af6 k|fKt /fxtk|lt ;a} kLl8t kl/jf/df tLj| c;Gtf]if /x]sf] 5 . tTsfn plrt Ifltk"lt{

tyf kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yfsf ;fy} 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ k9fO / /f]huf/Ldf ;xof]u x'g'kg]{ ck]Iff /fv]sf 5g\ .

36gf ePsf] :yndf afFb/d'9] 36gf kLl8t ;ldltsf tkm{af6 :df/s lgdf{0f ug]{ qmddf g]skf

-dfcf]jfbL_ n] k|ltjfb u/]sf] / dfgjclwsf/jfbLsf] cfj/0fdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ;dly{tx¿n]

dfgl;s ¿kdf tgfj;d]t lbPsf] s'/f kLl8tx¿n] atfP .

kLl8tx¿n] kL8sx¿dfly tTsfn sfg'gL sfaf{xL x'g'kg]{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ . 36gf ePsf] nfdf] ;do;Dd

klg kL8snfO{ s'g} sfaf{xL gePsf]df k|ltzf]wsf] efjgf;d]t JoQm u/]sf 5g\ -x]g'{xf];\ aS; #_ .

b'j} 36gfsf kLl8tx¿sf ck]Iff tyf dfux¿nfO{ qmda4 ubf{ kL8snfO{ tTsfn sfg'gL sfaf{xL

x'g'kg]{ dfu ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ ¿kdf cufl8 cfPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . bf];|f]df afnaflnsfsf] lzIff tyf

/f]huf/Ldf ;xof]u, To;kl5 tTsfn /fxt, Ifltk"lt{ tyf lgMz'Ns cf}ifwL pkrf/ ;'ljwf kfpg'kg]{,

afFb/d'9] 36gf kLl8t ;ldltn] :df/s lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . :df/sdf d[ts tyf 3fOt]sf gfd pNn]v 5 . :df/s agfpg g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;d]t ;xof]u pNn]Vo /x]sf] kfOof] .

@)�^^ h]7df :ynut e|d0fsf qmddf :yfgLo JolQm tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/x¿;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df .

aS; @

;Ltf clwsf/L -s[i0f clwsf/LsL kTgL_d]/f klt df8L 36gfdf 3fOt] x'g' ePkl5 nfdf] ;do;Dd cf}ifwL pkrf/ ul/of] . t/ klg

cfkm"n] klxn] ub}{ cfPsf] sfd ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf pxfFnfO{ Nofpg ;lsPg . Pp6f a};fvLsf]

;xf/fdf lxF8\g ;Sg];Dd x'g'ePsf] 5 . klxn] pxfFn] 3/sf] ;a}h;f] sfd ug'{x'GYof] . t/ 36gf

ePkl5 ;a} lhDd]jf/L d]/} sfFwdf kg{ cfof] . cem nf]Ug]sf] cf}ifwL pkrf/sf nflu vr{sf]

hf]xf] ldnfpg'kbf{ / 5f]/f–5f]/Lsf] k9fO;d]t x]g'{kbf{ dnfO{ ufx|f] ePsf] 5 . pxfFsf] vfg–kfg,

;/;kmfO / lb;f–lk;fa;d]t u/fOlbg'kg]{ sfdsf] af]emn] d]/f] sDd/ efFr]sf] 5 . o;af6 xfdL

kl/jf/} kLl8t ePsf 5f}+ .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

kLl8t kl/jf/sf lglDt /f]huf/L of cfod"ns sfo{qmdsf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{, kLl8tsf] a:tLdf ljsf;

lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmd cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ dfu /x]sf 5g\ .

#= ;z:q åGå / dfgjclwsf/

lj=;+= @)�%@ ;fndf ;z:q åGå ;'? ePkl5 dfgjclwsf/sf] cj:yf qmdzM sdhf]/ aGb}

uof] . åGåsf] cjlwdf /fHon] k6sk6s ;Í6sfnLg cj:yfsf] 3f]if0ff u¥of] . cftÍsf/L tyf

ljWj+;fTds sfo{ lgoGq0f tyf ;hfo P]g hf/L eof] . lj=;= @)�%* / @)�^)� u/L b'O{ k6s o'4lj/fd

u/]/ zflGtjftf{ ul/P klg ;kmn ePg . o'4lj/fdsf] cjlwdf ;d]t xTof / lx+;fsf 36gf eP .

bf]/Daf 36gf o;} s8Ldf kb{5 .

;z:q åGåsf] cjlwdf /fHoåf/f JolQmx¿nfO{ a]kQf kfg]{, sfg'gL k|lqmof k"/f gu/L kqmfp u/]/ nfdf]

;do;Dd y'gfdf /fVg], lu/ˆtf/ jf sAhfdf k/]sf JolQmx¿nfO{ oftgf lbg] jf dfg]{ h:tf sfo{x¿

ul/Psf tYo dfgjclwsf/;DaGwL ljleGg lgsfox¿af6 ul/Psf cg'udgaf6 k|sfzdf cfPsf lyP .

ljb|f]xL kIf tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbLn] klg km/s ljrf/ /fVg]x¿nfO{ ljleGg lsl;dsf ef}lts sfaf{xL

ug]{, cfly{s n'6 ug]{, cfly{s ;xof]u gug]{nfO{ s'6lk6 u/L cËeË;d]t ug]{, ckx/0f u/L >d s}bdf

/fVg], lgxTyf gful/ssf] xTof ug]{, afnaflnsfnfO{ o'4sf nflu k|of]u ug]{ / hah{:tL dfcf]jfb

:jLsf/ ug{ afWo agfpg] h:tf sfo{x¿ u/]sf lyP . dfcf]jfbLsf o:tf lqmofsnfksf sf/0f xhf/f}+

kl/jf/ lj:yflkt x'g k'u]sf lyP .

ljBfno zflGt If]q xf] eGg] dGotfsf] cj1f eof] . vfBfGg tyf cf}ifwL h:tf clt cfjZos

j:t'x¿sf] cfk"lt{df cj/f]w k'¥ofOof] . ljsf; lgdf{0f / lghL ;DklQ pkef]u ug{df klg b'j} kIfaf6

cj/f]w k'¥ofOP .

;z:q åGåsf] ;dodf ePsf sltko 36gfx¿df Go"gtd dfgjclwsf/sf] pkef]u ug{af6 klg

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf cg'udg k|ltj]bgx¿ — www.nhrcnepal.org

aS; #

d]/L cfdf a;df r9L gf/fo0fu9 hfg nfUbf 36gfdf k/L xfdLnfO{ 5f8]/ hfg'eof] . 3/df cfdf

gx'Fbf w]/} g/dfOnf] nfU5 . xfdLnfO{ afFRgsf nflu ;xof]u rflxPsf] 5 . xfdL h:tf ul/a

;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ dfg]{ tL JolQmx¿nfO{ s]xL klg sfaf{xL gxF'bf emg\ b'Mv nfU5 . pgLx¿nfO{ klg

To;/L g} dfg'{k5{ . -36gfdf cfdf u'dfPsL Ps aflnsf_

gLlt 5nkmnkq

gful/sx¿ jl~rt ePsf lyP . b'j} kIfåf/f dfl/Psf dflg;x¿sf] ;ª\Vof !#,@#^ k'Uof] . o;

cWoogsf nflu 5flgPsf 36gf;Fu ;DalGwt lhNnfx¿, /fd]5fkdf @#* hgf / lrtjgdf @#^

hgfn] ;z:q åGådf Hofg u'dfPsf lyP .

;z:q åGåsf ;dodf dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf ultljlwx¿ ;fdfGob]lv uDeL/ k|s[lt;Ddsf

5g\ . ;g\ @)�)�# / @)�)�$ df ;+;f/df a9L JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ d'n'ssf] :yfgdf g]kfnsf] gfd n]lvg

k'u]sf] lyof] . /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] @)�%&÷)�%* b]lv @)�^!÷)�^@ ;Dd s'n !,^!(

hgf a]kQf ePsf] egL ph'/L btf{ ePsf] atfPsf] lyof] .

#=! /fli6«o sfg'g tyf ;Demf}tfx¿

#=!=! g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)��^#

tfTsfnLg ;ft bn / ljb|f]xL g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr l5d]sL b]z ef/tsf] gofF lbNnLdf @)�^@

dª\l;/ & ut] afx| a'Fb] ;dembf/L u/]/ ;z:q ;ª\3if{ /f]Sg] ;Demf}tf eof] . ;f]xL ;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/df

b]zdf Joj:yf kl/jt{gsf nflu zflGtk"0f{ gful/s cfGbf]ng ;'? eof] . h;nfO{ bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ng

@)�^@÷)�^# elgof] .

Tof] hgcfGbf]ngdfk{mt g]kfnL gful/sn] b]zdf nf]stGq, zflGt / cu|udgsf kIfdf cfjfh a'nGb

u/] . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)�$& nfO{ vf/]h u/L g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)�^# hf/L

eof] . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf cGo ljifosf cltl/Qm ;z:q åGån] IftljIft kf/]sf] g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{

k'gM cfTdljZjf; k|fKt ug]{tkm{ cl3 a9fpg ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf] cjwf/0ff klg ;dfj]z ul/of] .

cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yf u/]sf] ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo;DaGwL s]xL k|fjwfgx¿ o; k|sf/ 5g\M

• ;z:q åGåsf qmddf dfl/Psfx¿sf kl/jf/nfO{ tyf o; qmddf 3fOt] eO{ ckfË / czQm

ePsfx¿nfO{ plrt /fxt, ;Ddfg tyf k'g:yf{kgfsf] Joj:yf ug]{,

• ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf dfgjclwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNnª\3g ug]{ tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fwdf

;+nUg JolQmx¿sf] af/]df ;To cGj]if0f ug{ tyf ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{

pRr:t/Lo ;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ug]{ .

http://www.insec.org.np/victim/reports/district.pdf P]=P]= . lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu x]g'{xf];\M hah{:tL a]kQf;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3Lo sfo{bnsf] k|ltj]bg (A/HRC/7/206,

10 January 2008)�� g]kfnL sfª\u|];, g]skf -Pdfn]_, g]kfnL sfª\u|]; k|hftflGqs, hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{, jfddf]rf{

g]kfn / g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ cfgGbLb]jL . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)�^# sf] wf/f ## -t_ . P]=P]=, wf/f ## -w_ .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

#=!=@ lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf, @)��^#

g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]skf dfcf]jfbLaLr @)�^# dª\l;/ % ut] lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf ;DkGg eO{ ;z:q

o'4sf] cf}krfl/s cGTo eof] . ;Demf}tfsf kIfx¿n] dfgjclwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, !($*

tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'g tyf dfgjclwsf/;DaGwL cfwf/e"t l;4fGt / dfGotfx¿k|lt

k|lta4 /x]sf] hgfPsf lyP . b'j} kIfn] cf–cfˆgf dftxtsf ;a} lgsfonfO{ of] ;Demf}tf tTsfn

sfof{Gjog tyf kfngf ug{ cfjZos lgb]{zg hf/L ug]{ / sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] egL ;xdlt klg

hgfPsf lyP .

;z:q åGåaf6 pTkGg ljifd kl/l:yltnfO{ ;fdfGoLs/0f ub{} ;dfhdf zflGt sfod u/fpg tyf

o'4af6 kLl8t / lj:yflkt JolQmx¿sf nflu /fxt sfo{ / k'g:yf{kg u/fpg /fli6«o zflGt tyf

k'g:yf{kg cfof]u u7g u/L To;dfkm{t sfd cufl8 a9fpg b'j} kIf ;xdt ePsf] s'/f ;Demf}tfsf]

a'Fbf %=@=$ df k/]sf] 5 . To:t} b'j} kIf ;z:q åGåsf qmddf dfgjclwsf/sf] uDeL/ pNnª\3g

ug]{ tyf dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;+nUgx¿sf] af/]df ;To cGj]if0f ug{ / ;dfhdf d]nldnfksf]

jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ cfk;L ;xdltaf6 pRr:t/Lo ;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]usf] u7g

ug{ ;xdt ePsf] s'/f zflGt ;Demf}tfsf] a'Fbf g+= %=@=% n] b;f{pF5 . åGå / oftgf kLl8t tyf

a]kQf kfl/Psfx¿sf] kl/jf/sf] /fxt k|fKt ug{] clwsf/nfO{ ;d]t ;'lglZrt ug]{ eg]/ a'Fbf &=!=# df

n]lvPsf] 5 .

#=@ cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ / dfgjLo sfg'g

/fd]5fksf] bf]/Daf / lrtjgsf] df8Lsf b'O{j6} 36gf ;z:q åGåsf ;dodf ePsfn] o;df cGt/f{li6«o

dfgjclwsf/ sfg'gsf ;fy} cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'g;d]t cfslif{t x'g cfpF5 . o'¢sf] ;dodf

nfu" x'g] h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf] ;femf wf/f # -h;n] ljb|f]xL kIfnfO{ ;d]t ;d]6\5_ n] lgDg sf/afxLx¿

ug{ h'g;'s} 7fpF / ;dodf lgif]w u/]sf] 5M

!= hLpHofg lj?4 k|of]u ug]{, ljz]if u/L ;a} lsl;dsf] xTof, cËeË, qm"/ Jojxf/ / oftgf lbg] .

@= JolQmnfO{ aGws agfpg] .

#= JolQmut dof{bfdf cf3ft k'¥ofpg], ljz]if u/L ckdfghgs / lt/:sf/k"0f{ Jojxf/ ug]{ .

$= ;Eo gful/sn] cTofjZos 7fg]sf sfg'gL k|Tofe"lt ePsf] lgoldt cbfntsf] lg0f{olagf

b08 ;'gfpg] / To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ .

h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf] ;femf wf/f # åf/f lgif]w ul/Psf sfdsfaf{xL of uDeL/ k|s[ltsf dfgjclwsf/

pNnª\3g ePdf JolQmut hjfkmb]xLsf cfwf/df ;d]t bfloTj jxg ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf]

;femf wf/f # n] o'4df efu glnPsf gful/sx¿sf] ;'/IffnfO{ ljz]if dxŒj lbPsf] 5 . o;eGbf

gLlt 5nkmnkq

cufl8 a9]/ rrf{ ug]{ xf] eg] o'4df efu glnPsf gful/sx¿nfO{ dfgjLo tj/n] Jojxf/ ug'{kg]{

x'G5 / To:tf] Jojxf/ ubf{ s'g} wd{, lnË, hftLotf, hGd jf ;DklQsf cfwf/df ;d]t e]befj ug{

x'Fb}g eGg] s'/f :ki6 pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] wf/f *=@ -;L_

df ;z:q åGåsf] cjlwdf h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf] ;femf wf/f # sf k|fjwfgsf] pNnª\3g x'g]u/L sf]xL

s;}sf] clwsf/ xgg u/]sf v08df o'4 ck/fw ul/Psf] dflgg] Joj:yf 5 .

ljz]iftM o'4df ;+nUg gePsf JolQmx¿sf xsdf of] Joj:yf cem a9L cfslif{t x'G5 . To;}u/L

xltof/ la;fO;s]sf xltof/wf/L ;d"xsf ;b:ox¿ la/fdL jf 3fOt] jf s}bdf k/]sf 5g\ eg]

ltgLx¿pk/ hLjgsf] clwsf/sf] xgg x'g] u/L s'g} sfaf{xL ePsf] /x]5 eg] o'4 ck/fw u/]sf]

dflgG5 . cem :ki6 efiffdf eGbf, h'g;'s} k|sf/sf] xTof / oftgfnfO{ o'4 ck/fwsf] sf]l6df

/flvPsf] 5 .

k"j{ o'uf]:nfleofsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L GofofwLs/0f (International Criminal Tribunal for former Yogoslavia (ICTY)�� sf] ljwfgsf] wf/f @ / ?jfG8fsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L

GofofwLs/0f (The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)��sf] ljwfgsf]

wf/f $ df tL b'j} 6«fO{Ao'gnnfO{ h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf k|fjwfgx¿ pNnª\3g ePsf]df sfaf{xL;d]t ug]{

clwsf/ lbOPsf] 5 . tL clwsf/x¿ k"j{ o'uf]:nfleofsf] ;z:q åGå / ?jf08fsf] ;z:q åGådf

o'4/t kIfx¿n] h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf] k|fjwfgnfO{ pNnª\3g u/]sfn] tL clwsf/x¿ 6«fO{Ao'gnnfO{

ljz]if ¿kdf lbOPsf x'g\ .

cGt/f{li6«o k|s[ltsf kmf}hbf/L ck/fwnfO{ ;Daf]wg ugf{sf nflu aL;f+} ztfAbLsf] ;'?cftb]lv

g} c:yfoL k|s[ltsf rf/j6f cGt/f{li6«o 6«fO{Ao'gnx¿ u7g ePsf lyP . !& h'nfO{ !((* df

ICC Rome Statute, 8.2 (c)��: In the case of an armed conflict not of an international character, serious violations of article 3 common to the four Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, namely, any of the following acts committed against persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members of armed forces who have laid down their arms and those placed hors de combat by sickness, wounds, detention or any other cause: (i)�� Violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture; (ii)�� Committing outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment; (iii)�� Taking of hostages; (iv)�� The passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions without previous judgement pronounced by a regularly constituted court, affording all judicial guarantees which are generally recognized as indispensable.

UN Security Council resolution 808 of 22 February 1993. UN Security Council resolution 955 of 8 November 1994. International military tribunal of Nuremberg; Tokyo tribunal; ICTY (1993)��: In May 1993, the

Tribunal was established by the United Nations in response to mass atrocities then taking place in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The ICTY was the first war crimes court created by the UN and the first international war crimes tribunal since the Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals. It was established by the Security Council in accordance with Chapter VII of the UN Charter; ICTR:

gLlt 5nkmnkq

ePsf] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3sf] dxf;ef -h;nfO{ /f]d ;Dd]ngsf] gfdn] klg lrlgG5_ n] :yfoL k|s[ltsf]

6«fO{Ao'gnsf ;fy} cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] u7gsf] lglDt tof/ /f]d ljwfg kfl/t u¥of] .

cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L sfg'gn] ck/fwdf JolQmsf] klg pQ/bfloTj /xg] k|fjwfg klxn] klg u/]sf]

lyof] . t/ To;nfO{ cem a9L k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu bf];|f] ljZjo'4kl5 :yfkgf ul/Psf g'/]Dju{

/ 6f]lsof] 6«fO{Ao'gnsf] lg0f{onfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fv]/ o'4 ck/fw, zflGt lj?4sf] ck/fw / dfgjtf

lj?4sf] ck/fwdf ;lqmo /x]sf] JolQmsf] pQ/bfloTj cGt/f{li6«o txdf ;d]t /xG5, elgPsf] 5 .

?jf08fsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L GofofwLs/0f (ICTY)��, k"j{ o'uf]:nfleofsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o

kmf}hbf/L GofofwLs/0f (ICTY)�� / cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfnt (ICC)�� sf] :yfkgf ubf{ klg

of] k|fjwfgnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] lyof] . o;afx]s, s'g} klg lsl;dsf ck/fwx¿ 5fglag ug'{,

ck/fwLnfO{ sfaf{xL ug'{ / ck/fw ug]{ JolQmnfO{ hjfkmb]xL agfpg' /fHosf] :jfefljs pQ/bfloTj

t /x]s} x'G5 .

cfO{;L6LjfO{ (ICTY)�� sf] wf/f &-!_ / cfO{;L6Lcf/ (ICTR)�� sf] ljwfgsf] wf/f ^-!_ df

;DalGwt ljwfgdf pNn]v ul/Psf ck/fwx¿sf] of]hgf agfpg], cfb]z lbg], sfof{Gjog ug]{ cyjf

s'g} k|sf/n] ;xof]u ug]{ JolQmx¿ JolQmut ¿kdf ck/fwk|lt hjfkmb]xL x'g] Joj:yf 5 . o;}u/L

cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L cbfntsf] /f]d ljwfgsf] wf/f @% df klg o:t} k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5 .

oL k|fjwfgx¿ g]kfnsf] bf]/Daf / df8L 36gfdf klg nfu" x'G5g\ . cyf{t\, tL 36gfsf nflu hh;n]

of]hgf agfP, hh;n] cfb]z lbP, clg hh;n] sfof{Gjog u/], tL ;a} JolQmx¿ JolQmut ¿kdf

ck/fwk|lt hjfkmb]xL x'G5g\ . lsgeg] tL 36gf cGt/f{li6«o txs} ck/fw x'g\ . cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf

6«fO{Ao'gn / cbfntsf k|fjwfgx¿nfO{ kG5fP/ b'j} dfldnf ;'Nemfpg ;lsFb}g .

sltko 36gfdf ck/fw ug{ cfb]z lbg] JolQmx¿ /fHo k|d'v jf ;/sf/ k|d'v;d]t x'g ;St5g\ .

To;}u/L ljb|f]xL ;d"xaf6 klg k|d'v sdf08/sf] ;+nUgtf x'g ;St5, t/ ltgn] cfb]z lbPsf dfq}

klg x'g ;St5g\ . of]hgf agfpg] / sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfddf, sltko cj:yfdf tNnf] bhf{sf JolQmsf]

k|ToIf ;+nUgtf x'g ;St5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf ck/fwLnfO{ Gofosf] s73/fdf Nofpgfsf nflu g}

cGt/f{li6«o kmf}hbf/L sfg'gn] ljz]if Joj:yf u/]sf] xf] . cfO{;L6LjfO{ (ICTY)�� sf] bkmf &-@_ /

cfO{;L6Lcf/ (ICTR)�� sf] bkmf &-@_ df :ki6 elgPsf] 5— æbf]if nfu]sf] JolQm /fHo k|d'v jf

;/sf/ k|d'v jf lhDd]jf/ ;/sf/L clwsf/L hf];'s} eP tfklg JolQmut txsf] hjfkmb]xLaf6 pDsg

kfpFb}g / sfg'g adf]lhdsf] ;hfodf klg s6f}tL x'g ;St}g .Æ

by resolution 977 of 22 February 1995, the Security Council decided that the seat of the Tribunal would be located in Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania.

D. Evans Malcolm, International Law, Second Edition, Oxford press 2006, p. 733

gLlt 5nkmnkq

g]kfn cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ sfg'g nfu" u/fpg tyf kfngf ug{ / u/fpg ;xdt x:tfIf/sf/L

/fi6« xf] . g]kfnn] dfgjclwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt d'Vo dxf;lGwx¿sf] cg'df]bg ul/;s]sf] 5 . tL ;a}

sfg'g g]kfnsf /fli6«o sfg'g;/x g} x'g\ . o; sf/0f tL cGt/f{li6«o sfg'gsf] k|fjwfg kfngf ug'{

u/fpg' g]kfn /fHosf] bfloTj klg xf] .

gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3sf] dxf;lGwsf] bkmf ^-!_ df æk|To]s

dfgjnfO{ hLjgsf] clwsf/ 5Æ elgPsf] 5 . of] clwsf/ æsfg'gåf/f g} ;+/lIft /xG5 tyf s;}n]

klg :j}lR5s ¿kdf hLjgsf] x/0f ug{ kfpFb}gÆ eGg] k|fjwfg klg /flvPsf] 5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3sf]

dfgjclwsf/ ljifo ;ldltsf] bkmf ^ sf] yk JofVofdf ;d]t æhLjgsf] clwsf/ ;jf]{Rr

clwsf/ xf], hf] ;Í6sfnsf] cj:yfdf ;d]t x/0f ug{ ;lsFb}gÆ elgPsf] 5 . To;}u/L JofVofsf]

aF'bf @ df æo'4sf] /f]syfd ug'{ /fHosf] pRr bfloTj xf]Æ elgPsf] 5 . ;fy;fy} /fHoaf6 :j]R5frf/L

¿kdf dflg;sf] hLjg x/0f x'g gkfcf];\ egL ;ts{ u/fPsf] 5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3sf] dfgjclwsf/

ljifo ;ldltn] ;f]xL JofVofsf] # g+= a'Fbfdf cfk/flws lqmofsnfkaf6 dflg;sf] hLjg arfP/ jf

ck/fwLnfO{ sfaf{xL u/]/ dfq /fHosf] bfloTj k"/f x'Fb}g, /fHosf] ;'/Iff ;+oGqpk/ :j]R5frf/L 9Ëaf6

xTof jf ck/fw ug{;d]tdf /f]s nufpg'kb{5, elgPsf] 5 .

o; ;Gbe{df gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o cg'aGw, !(^^ sf] bkmf @-#_

;d]tnfO{ Wofg lbg' pko'Qm x'G5 . s'g} klg JolQmsf] o; dxf;lGwdf Joj:yf ul/Psf s'g} klg

clwsf/ xgg ePsf] kfOPdf /fHon] k|efjsf/L pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ul/lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . To:tf] pkrf/

sfg'g;Ddt ;Ifd cbfnt, k|zf;lgs jf sfg'gL clwsf/Laf6 pknAw x'g'kg]{ k|fjwfg klg /flvPsf]

5 . /fHosf cGo cËsf clwsf/Lx¿n] tf]lsPsf sfg'gL pkrf/nfO{ nfu" ug'{kg]{ s'/f klg :ki6;Fu

pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3sf] dfgjclwsf/ ;ldltn] o; ljifosf] dxŒjnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ yk JofVof ub}{

eg]sf] 5— o; cg'aGwdf Joj:yf ul/Psf clwsf/x¿sf] pkef]u u/fpgfsf lglDt Gofofnodfkm{t

cg'aGwsf Joj:yfsf] k|ToIf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 .

/fHon] k|zf;lgs ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ubf{ klg ædfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3g ePsf 36gfx¿sf] cg';Gwfg

:jtGq Pj+ lgikIf cËaf6 oyf;Dej rfF8} u/fpg' /fHosf] pQ/bfloTjleq kb{5Æ elgPsf] 5 .

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]unfO{ ;Ifd / clwsf/ ;DkGg agfPsf] v08df o; lsl;dsf lhDd]jf/L

k"/f ug{ ;xh x'g ;S5 eGg]tkm{ klg /fHosf] Wofgfsif{0f ul/lbPsf] 5 .

;lGw P]g @)�$& sf] bkmf ( . CCPR general comment No. 6, 30/04/82, sixteenth session, 1982. UN, ICCPR, Article 2(3)�� (b)��.

gLlt 5nkmnkq

g]kfndf rn]sf] ;z:q o'4sf] ;dodf 36]sf 36gf ePsfn] bf]/Daf / df8Lsf b'j} 36gfdf cGt/f{li6«o

dfgjLo sfg'g cfslif{t x'G5 . o; dxf;lGwsf sltko k|fjwfgsf] JofVof ug]{ ;Gbe{df dflysf b'j}

sfg'gL k|fjwfgx¿nfO{ kl/k"/ssf ¿kdf x]l/g'k5{, cnUofP/ x]g'{ x'Fb}g .

#=# dfjclwsf/ ;+/If0f ;d'bfosf] wf/0ff / k|of;

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] bf]/Daf 36gfsf] :ynut cWoogsf cfwf/df pQm 36gfsf] :jtGq /

lj:t[t cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifLnfO{ cfjZos sfaf{xL tyf kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ plrt /fxtsf ;fy} o:tf

36gfx¿ k'gM bf]xf]l/g glbg cfjZos ;ts{tf ckgfpg ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ ;r]t u/fpg ldlt @)�^)�

ebf}} @% ut] ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

To:t}, /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] df8L 36gfsf ;DaGwdf ldlt @)�^@ c;f/ # ut] k|wfgdGqL

tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{nodf l;kmfl/; u/]sf] lyof] . cfof]un] tTsfnLg cj:yfdf u/]sf tL

HRC, General Comment no 31: 26/05/2004, Nature of the Legal Obligation Imposed on State parties to the Covenant, 18th session (Para: 11)��.

cfof]usf] l;kmfl/;df …pQm 36gfsf] :jtGq / lj:t[t cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifLnfO{ cfjZos sfaf{xL tyf kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ plrt /fxtsf] ;fy} o:tf 36gfx¿ k'gM bf]xf]l/g glbg cfjZos ;ts{tf ckgfpg ;/sf/n] ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ ;r]t u/fpgÚ pNn]v 5 .

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] df8L 36gfsf] cWoog k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df u/]sf l;kmfl/; lgDg 5g\M• ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{ ;j{;fwf/0f ofq'x¿sf] hLpHofgdf hf]lvd x'g] u/L ;j{;fwf/0fn] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf ;fj{hlgs

;jf/L;fwgx¿df abL{ jf lagfabL{df xltof/;lxt ofqf ug]{ sfo{ tTsfn /f]Sg .• ;'/IffsdL{ / dfcf]jfbLaLr ;z:q le8Gt eO/xg] jt{dfg cj:yf tyf h'g;'s} bf]xf]/f] le8Gt x'g ;Sg] s'/fnfO{ b[li6ut

u/L ;j{;fwf/0fn] k|of]u ug]{ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L;fwg, ;j{;fwf/0f e]nf x'g] ;fj{hlgs 7fpFx¿ h:t}— z}lIfs ;+:yf, ;fd'bflos ejg, :jf:Yo s]Gb|, wfld{s:yn, hfqf tyf xf6ahf/ nfu]sf cflb 7fpFdf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hLpHofgdf hf]lvd kg]{ u/L s'g} sfd s'/f gug{ gu/fpg tyf dfgjclwsf/ / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'gsf k|fjwfgx¿nfO{ Jojxf/df k"0f{ ¿kdf kfng ug{ u/fpg ;'/Iff lgsfosf ;a} txdf cljnDa lgb]{zg hf/L ug{ .

• o:tf] k|sf/sf] 36gf 36\g ;S5 eGg] a; Joj;foLåf/f k"j{ hfgsf/L lbFbf klg To;nfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s glnO{ cfjZos ;ts{tf;d]t gckgfpg] :yfgLo k|zf;lgs clwsf/L / zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ pQm ofq'jfxs a;df r9\g cg'dlt k|bfg ug]{ lhDd]jf/ ;}lgs clwsf/Ldfly cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'gadf]lhd JolQmut hjfkmb]xL x'g] ePsf]n] lghx¿nfO{ cfjZos sf/afxL u/L ;f]sf] ljj/0f cfof]unfO{ pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u ug{ .

• >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ 36gfdf k/L d[To' x'g] ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s tyf ;}lgssf kl/jf/x¿nfO{ tTsfn clwstd Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg, 36gfdf k/L 3fOt] ePsf JolQmx¿sf] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo pkrf/sf] Joj:yf /fHoaf6 ug{ / Ifltu|:t ePsf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] Ifltk"lt{ tTsfn pknAw u/fpg .

• a;x¿df ;w}Fh;f] cTolws ofq'x¿ r9L ofqf ul//x]sf] s'/fdf :yfgLo k|zf;g lj1 x'Fbx'Fb} klg To;nfO{ Jojl:yt u/L ofq'x¿sf] rfkcg'¿k oftfoftsf ;fwgsf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ ljifodf nfk/afxL u/]sf] b]lvg cfPsf] x'Fbf o:tf ljifox¿df ;hu /xg :yfgLo k|zf;gnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg .

• cfof]usf] lg/Gt/ cfu|xsf afah'b klg ;}lgs dxŒj gePsf ef}lts ;+/rgf Wj:t kfg]{ / lgbf]{if dflg;x¿nfO{ nlIft u/L ad ljikmf]6g ug]{, JolQmut ;DklQ gi6 ug]{, xTof ug]{, cËeË ug]{ tyf 3fOt] kfg]{ sfo{nfO{ hf/L /fv]sf] kfOPsf]n] To:tf sfo{nfO{ tTsfn aGb ug{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ cfXjfg @)�^@.#.# sf] lg0f{o .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

l;kmfl/;x¿ sfof{Gjog ug{ u/fpgfsf nflu @)�^^ c;f/ @# ut] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k'gM Wofgfsif{0f

u/]sf] kfOG5 . 36gfsf bf]ifLnfO{ sfg'gL sfaf{xL / kLl8tnfO{ tTsfn oyf]lrt\ kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf

ub}{ b08xLgtfsf] cGTo, sfg'gL zf;gsf] k|Tofe"lt tyf hjfkmb]xL clej[l4sf nflu lg/Gt/ bafa

l;h{gf ug'{kg]{ tyf o;lglDt /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u / gful/s ;dfhn] lg/Gt/ ;xsfo{ ug'{kg]{

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] egfO /x]sf] 5 .

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf k"j{ ;b:o ;'zLn Kofs'/]nn] bf]/Daf / df8L 36gfsf kL8sx¿sf]

klxrfg eO;s]sf] / pgLx¿nfO{ sfaf{xL x'g'kg]{ dfu pl7/x]sf] cj:yfdf ;d]t pgLx¿nfO{ k|rlnt

sfg'gadf]lhd sfaf{xL x'g g;Sg'n] sfg'gL /fhsf] pkxf; ePsf] / b08xLgtf ;+:yfut ePsf]

atfpg'ePsf] 5 . bf]/Daf 36gfsf qmddf g]kfnL ;]gfn] lgMz:q JolQmx¿nfO{ xft afFwL uf]nL xfg]/

df/]sf] / df8Lsf] 36gfdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;j{;fw/0f JolQmx¿ r9]sf] ;jf/L ;fwgdf ad

lj:kmf]6 u/fPsf] x'gfn] oL 36gfsf bf]ifLx¿nfO{ ;}lgs P]gsf] cfwf/df ul/Psf] sfaf{xL jf g]skf

-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] cfGtl/s sfaf{xL dfGo gx'g] / pgLx¿nfO{ k|rlnt P]gsf cfwf/df sfaf{xL x'g'kg]{

lhls/ >L Kofs'/]nn] ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3Lo dfgjclwsf/;DaGwL pRrfo'Qmsf] g]kfn sfof{non] df8L 36gfsf] :ynut cWoog

u/L g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] o'4df ;fd]n gePsf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] xTof u/]sf] s'/f 7x/ u/]sf] 5 / cGt/f{li6«o

dfgjLo sfg'g -h]g]ef dxf;lGw_ sf] ;femf wf/f # sf] pNnª\3g ePsf] s'/f pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

;j{;fwf/0fsf] hLpwgsf] /Iff ug]{ k"0f{ lhDd]jf/L ;/sf/L kIfsf] x'Fbfx'Fb} klg pgLx¿nfO{ hf]lvddf

kfb}{ g]kfnL ;]gfn] k6sk6s ;fj{hlgs a; k|of]u u/]sf] kfOPsf] x'gfn] ;/sf/ / g]kfnL ;]gf klg

pQm 36gfk|lt lhDd]jf/ /x]sf] / pgLx¿af6 ;d]t cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'gsf] pNnª\3g ePsf] s'/f

k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

• g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ ;j{;fwf/0fn] k|of]u ug]{ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwfg, ;j{;fwf/0f e]nf x'g] ;fj{hlgs 7fpFx¿ h:t}— z}lIfs ;+:yf, ;fd'bflos ejg, :jf:Yo s]Gb|, wfld{s:yn, hfqf tyf xf6ahf/ nfu]sf 7fpF cflbdf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hLpHofg hf]lvddf kfg]{ u/L s'g} sfaf{xL gug{ gu/fpg tyf dfgjclwsf/ / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'gsf k|fjwfgx¿nfO{ Jojxf/df k"0f{ ¿kdf kfng ug{ u/fpg cfˆgf dftxtsf ;a} txdf cljnDa lgb]{zg hf/L u/L ;f] s'/fnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug{ .

• g]skf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ pQm 36gf 36fpgsf nflu lg0f{o ug]{, of]hgf agfpg] tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{ JolQmx¿df h]g]ef dxf;lGw adf]lhd JolQmut hjfkmb]xL x'g] ePsf]n] 36gfsf] cg';Gwfgsf nflu pgLx¿sf] ljj/0f cfof]unfO{ pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u ug{ .

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf ;b:o Pj+ k|jQmf uf}/L k|wfg;Fu @)�^^ c;f/ @@ ut] ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df . /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf k"j{ ;b:o ;'zLn Kofs'/]ns;Fu @)�^^ ;fpg !^ ut] ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df . OHCHR report, “Attack against public transport in Chitwan and Kavrepalanchwok Districts:

Investigation report, 18 August 2005”, Para: 57, 58, 59, 60. OHCHR report, “Attack against public transport in Chitwan and Kavrepalanchwok Districts: In�OHCHR report, “Attack against public transport in Chitwan and Kavrepalanchwok Districts: In�

gLlt 5nkmnkq

;/sf/, g]kfnL ;]gf / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ;dIf 36gfdf lhDd]jf/ JolQmnfO{ ;hfo ug{, b'j} kIfaf6

ePsf cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ug{, k|x/L cg';Gwfg tTsfn cufl8 a9fpg / ;j{;fwf/0fsf]

hLpwg /Iff ug{ klg ;f] k|ltj]bgdf ;'emfj lbOPsf] 5 .

#=$ kl/k"/0f / b08sf nflu sfg'gL Joj:yf

bf]/Daf 36gfdf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] sdf08df /x]sf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hn] @! hgf lgMz:q JolQmx¿sf]

xTof u/]sf] eP tfklg kL8sx¿nfO{ sfg'gL sfaf{xLsf] nflu s'g} klg k|lqmof cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5}g .

kLl8t tyf dfgjclwsf/sdL{x¿sf] k|of; afah'b klg pQm 36gfsf] ph'/L (FIR)�� lhNnf k|x/L

sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf] 5}g .

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f ;'/fsLsf] cf/f]kdf bf]/Dafdf xTof ul/Psf tLg hgf ;j{;fw/0fsf

xTof/fnfO{ sfg'gL sfaf{xL ug{ ph'/L btf{ ePsf] eP tfklg kL8snfO{ sfg'gL sfaf{xL ug]{tkm{ s'g}

k|lqmof cufl8 a9]sf] kfOFb}g . kLl8tnfO{ k'Ug uPsf] Ifltsf] kl/k"/0fdf tTsfnLg /fxtafx]s cGo

s'g} klg ;xof]u lbOPsf] 5}g .

df8L 36gfsf ;DaGwdf lrtjg lhNnf k|x/L sfof{noaf6 k|f/lDes :ynut cWoog ul/Psf],

36gfsf] ;h{ldg ul/Psf], k|To]s nf;sf] d'r'Nsf p7fO{ d[tssf] kmf]6f] lvr]/ /flvPsf], nf;sf]

kf]i6df6{d ePsf], hfx]/L aofg lnOPsf], 36gf:yndf k|fKt j:t'x¿ km/]lG;s Nofadf cg';Gwfgsf

nflu k7fOPsf] tyf 36gfsf] ph'/L k|x/Ldf btf{ ul/Psf] 5 .

lrtjg lhNnf k|x/L sfof{non] 36gf;DaGwL k|f/lDes cWoog;lxtsf] /]s8{ kmfOn Jojl:yt

tl/sfn] /fv]sf] klg kfOG5 . t/ 36gfsf ;DaGwdf sf]xL klg kqmfp gk/]sfn] cbfntdf d'2f rnfpg

g;s]sf] eGg] egfO k|x/Lsf] /x]sf] 5 . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn -k|r08_ lj?4

ph'/L btf{ eP klg ;/sf/af6 pQm ph'/Lpk/ sfaf{xL grnfpg] lg0f{o eO;s]sf] 5 .

vestigation report, 18 August 2005”, Para: 61, 62. OHCHR report, “Attack against public transport in Chitwan and Kavrepalanchwok Districts:

Investigation report, 18 August 2005”, Para: 64, 66. /fd]5fk lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no dGynLdf ;Dks{ ubf{ hfx]/L /]s8{ cBfjlws /x]sf] sfof{nosf lgldQ k|d'vn] atfP

tfklg @)�^% r}t #! ut] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no dGynLdf uO{ ;f]wk'5 ubf{ 36gfsf ;DaGwdf hfgsf/L kfOPg . ;fy} P8ef]s];L kmf]/d /fd]5fksf lhNnf ;+of]hs kf08j k|;fO{+sf cg';f/ 36gf k|x/Ldf btf{ x'g g;s]sf] hfgsf/L kfOof] .

lrtjg lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf d'2f btf{ g+= !*&÷)�^@–@–@% /x]sf] kmfOndf g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] …g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{pk/ cftÍsf/L tyf ljWj+;fTds sfo{ -lgoGq0f tyf ;hfo_ P]g tyf cWofb]zcGtu{t g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL eO{ ljleGg cbfntdf bfo/ ePsf ;Dk"0f{ d'2fx¿ lkmtf{ lng] / ;f]xL P]g / cWofb]zcGtu{tsf] s;'/ of cg';Gwfgsf qmddf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ d'2fx¿ grnfpg];DaGwLÚ lg0f{o eP adf]lhd @)�^#.@.@( ut] dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{non] kqfrf/ u/]sf] / ;f]xL kq adf]lhd >L k'g/fj]bg ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{no, x]6f}8fn] d'2f lkmtf{ lng] tyf d'2f grnfpg] sfaf{xL x'g cfb]zfg';f/ cg'/f]w ul/Psf] ldlt @)�^#.@.#)� sf]

gLlt 5nkmnkq

#=% ;+:yfut tj/af6 ePsf kxnx¿

bf]/Daf tyf df8L b'j} 36gfdf ljleGg ;+3;+:yfx¿åf/f :ynut cWoog u/L k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs

ug'{sf ;fy} g]kfn ;/sf/nufot ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ l;kmfl/;x¿ ePsf] kfOG5 . t/ ;DalGwt

lgsfoaf6 tL l;kmfl/;x¿ sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] lg/Gt/ cg'udg ePsf] 5}g . kL8snfO{ sfg'gL

bfo/fdf Nofpg] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg / kLl8tnfO{ ;dodf kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ugf{sf nflu lg/Gt/

bafasf] cefj b]lvG5 .

kLl8tx¿nfO{ cfkm"x¿n] Gofo kfpg] 5f}+ eGg] s'/fdf cfzf / ljZjf; 36\b} uPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

kLl8tx¿n] g} ;/sf/nfO{ emsemSofpg 5f8]kl5 b08xLgtfsf] ;+:s[ltnfO{ yk a9fjf ldNg uPsf]

5 . hf] Hofb} vt/gfs ljifo xf] .

@)�^^ c;f/ @# ut] /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf bf]/Daf / df8L 36gfsf

;DaGwdf cfkm"n] u/]sf l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog ug{ k'gM kqfrf/ u/]sf] kfOG5 . t/ ;/sf/L kIfaf6

s'g} k|ltlqmof hgfOPsf] kfOFb}g . /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] u/]sf l;kmfl/;x¿ sfof{Gjog gx'g]

l:ylt cfpg' eg]sf] b]zdf b08xLgtfsf] ;+:s[lt r/df]Tsif{df k'u]sf] ;Í]t xf] . b]zsf] …:jtGq /

:jfoQ ;+:yfÚsf] x}l;otaf6 cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)�^# dfkm{t …;+j}wflgsÚ x}l;ot kfPsf] eP tfklg

/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]unfO{ ;/sf/n] k|efjsf/L agfpg g;Sg' Hofb} b'MvnfUbf] cj:yf xf] .

o:tf] cj:yfdf kLl8t kIfx¿ lg/fz x'g k'Ug' :jfefljs b]lvG5 . h;n] /fHosf] pkl:ylt / sfg'gL

/fHosf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ g} lvNnL p8fPsf] b]lvG5 .

$= cWoogsf] lgisif{

g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)�^# n] ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf dfl/Psfx¿sf] kl/jf/ tyf To; qmddf

3fOt] eO{ ckfË / czQm ePsfx¿nfO{ plrt /fxt, ;Ddfg tyf k'g:yf{kgf ug]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] eP

tfklg /fHon] tT;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] sfof{Gjog u/]sf] kfOFb}g . To:t}, /fHon] åGåkLl8tsf nflu

;sf/fTds lje]bsf cfwf/df ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug]{5 egL cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf

pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . t/ of] k|fjwfgtkm{ klg /fHosf] Wofg uPsf] st} b]lvFb}g .

kq ;dfj]z u/L d'2f rnfpg gkfpg] egL pQm btf{ kmfOnsf] cufl8 k[i7df pNn]v u/L /flvPsf] kfOof] . /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf ;b:o Pj+ k|jQmf uf}/L k|wfg;Fu @)�^^ c;f/ @@ ut] ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf cfwf/df . P]=P]= . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)�^# sf] wf/f ## -t_ . P]=P]=, wf/f #% -!$_ .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

cWoogsf qmddf e]l6Psf kLl8t kl/jf/ / kLl8t :jo+n] cfkm"x¿n] Gofo gkfPsf] u'gf;f] u/] .

kLl8tx¿n] bf]ifLnfO{ sfg'gL sfaf{xL, afnaflnsfsf] lzIffsf] k|aGw, kl/jf/sf ;Ifd ;b:ox¿nfO{

/f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf / lgMz'Ns cf}ifwL pkrf/sf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ dfu /fv]sf 5g\ .

;/sf/n] d'2f lkmtf{ lnPsf] ;"rLdf df8L 36gfsf] d'2f;d]t 5 . lrtjgsf Ps k|x/L clwsf/Lsf

cg';f/ k|x/Ln] cleof]hgsf nflu tof/ u/]sf] t/ …dflysf] cfb]zÚ sf cfwf/df d'2fnfO{ cl3

a9fOPsf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbLn] æ36gfdf ;+nUg ePsfnfO{ sfaf{xL ul/;s]sf] / kf6L{ k|d'vn] ;d]t

k6sk6s dfkmL dflu;s]sf]Æ eGg] sf/0f b]vfO{ tL d'2fx¿ sfg'gsf] bfo/fleq nfg glbPsf] a'lemG5 .

bf]/Daf 36gfdf ;+nUgnfO{ ;}lgs cbfntn] sfaf{xL ul/;s]sf] bfaL u/] tfklg sfaf{xLsf] k|lqmof

kf/bzL{ lyPg . cGt/f{li6«o k|s[ltsf] kmf}hbf/L ck/fw u/]sfnfO{ g]kfnsf] ;}lgs cbfntn] ljefuLo

sfaf{xL u/]/ dfq k'Ub}g . o:tf 36gfsf l5gf]kmfgf] Goflos cbfntaf6 dfq ;DkGg x'g'kb{5 . sfg'gL

sfaf{xL klg ;f]xL :t/sf] x'g'kb{5 eGg] Joj:yf cGt/f{li6«o sfg'gdf :ki6 5 .

cGt/f{li6«o sfg'gsf b[li6df bf]/Daf / df8Lsf 36gfx¿ o'4 ck/fwsf sf]l6df kb{5g\ . cGt/f{li6«o

cEof;nfO{ s]nfpg] xf] eg] o:tf 36gf ePsf sltko b]zdf ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3n] g} 6«fO{Ao'gn

agfOlbPsf] kfOG5 . sltko b]zdf rflxF ;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u agfP/ åGåsf ;dodf

ePsf dfgjclwsf/ tyf dfgjLo sfg'g pNnª\3gsf 36gf / k|j[lQnfO{ 5fglag u/L lg0f{o lng

d2t u/]sf] kfOG5 . åGåsf a]nf ePsf dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf 36gfx¿sf] 5fglag ug{ ?jf08f,

k"j{ o'uf]:nfleof, l;o/flnof]g / sDaf]l8ofdf ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3sf] ;lqmotfdf ljz]if cbfntx¿

u7g ul/Psf 5g\ eg] lrnL, ch]{lG6gf, blIf0f clk|msf, k"jL{ l6df]/ / lkmlnlkG;df ;To lg¿k0f tyf

d]nldnfk cfof]u u7g ePsf 5g\ .

pk/f]Qm b'O{ vfn] ;+/rgf b]zsf] e"–/fhg}lts cj:yf cg's"n x'g]u/L l;h{gf ul/Psf] eP tfklg

ltgsf] d"n p2]ZorflxF Gofo lg¿k0f ug{' g} lyof] . cg'ej / Oltxf;n] s] klg b]vfPsf] 5 eg]

sltko uDeL/ k|s[ltsf kmf}hbf/L ck/fwsf] 5fglag u/L Gofo lg¿k0f ug{sf nflu ;To lg¿k0f

tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u dfq kof{Kt gx'g ;S5 . 36gfsf] ldlxg 5fglag u/]/ GofonfO{ d"t{¿k lbg]

xf] eg] bf]/Daf / df8L h:tf dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf 36gfnfO{ ;d]6\g ljz]if k|s[ltsf] Goflos

6«fO{Ao'gn u7g u/L lhDd]jf/L lbg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

:j]R5frf/L ¿kdf JolQmsf] hLjg x/0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ g]kfnsf sfg'gx¿n] klg lgif]w u/]sf 5g\ .

To;}n] åGåsf ;dodf ePsf eP klg oL b'j} 36gfsf] ljBdfg sfg'gcg';f/ cleof]hg ug{ ;lsg] /

o;sf nflu /fHon] sfaf{xL ;'? ug'{kg]{ lhls/ dfgjclwsf/sdL{x¿sf] /x]sf] 5 .

g]kfndf lx+;f / b08xLgtf a9\g'df ljutdf h3Go dfgjclwsf/ xggsf 36gfdf /fHon] k|efjsf/L

gLlt 5nkmnkq

¿kn] ;Daf]wg ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f xf] eGgdf ;d]t oL b'O{j6f 36gf pbfx/0f x'g ;Sb5g\ .

s]xL o'/f]k]nL d'n'sx¿n] cfˆgf] b]zsf sfg'g k|of]u u/]/ ljZjJofkL If]qflwsf/ sfod u/L uDeL/

k|s[ltsf dfgjtf lj/f]wL ck/fw hxfF ul/Psf eP klg :jb]zL sfg'gsf] bfo/fdf NofP/ 5fglag ug]{

u/]sf 5g\ . o;} dfGotfnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] klg åGåsf ;dodf ul/Psf dfgjclwsf/

lj/f]wL uDeL/ k|s[ltsf 36gfx¿nfO{ 5fglag u/fpg'k5{ . o:tf 36gfx¿ klg 5fglag x'g ;s]gg\ eg]

o:tf k|s[ltsf 36gfx¿ a9\g ;S5g\ . To;f] x'g glbg klg /fHo ;r]t x'g' h?/L x'G5 .

gLlt 5nkmnkq

cg';"rL !

bf]/Daf 36gfdf ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}håf/f dfl/Psfx¿

qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf

!= afa'/fd tfdfª …k'ikÚ /fd]5fk, j]yfg–%

@= clDasf bfxfn …nlnsfÚ Os'8f]n–^, nlntk'/

#= k|bLk bf]ª …/lQmdÚ j]yfg–%, /fd]5fk

$= gfd gv'n]sf …;+uLtfÚ 88'jf–$, /fd]5fk

%= xs{axfb'/ tfdfª …oyfy{Ú km'nfzL–*, /fd]5fk

^= /lj rf}xfg …;dL/Ú uf]n'–%, /fd]5fk

&= pdf sfsL{ …;fxf/fÚ rgv'–#, /fd]5fk

*= Zofd tdfª …OGSnaÚ rgv'–(, /fd]5fk

(= kbd/fh lu/L …c;nÚ k'/fgfufpF–*, /fd]5fk

!)�= lji0f'dfof yfkfdu/ …ljdfÚ bf]/Daf–!, /fd]5fk

!!= 7"nf]/fd tfdfª …5f]SkfÚ bf]/Daf–#, /fd]5fk

!@= ;fgf]/fd tfdfª ætf/fÆ bf]/Daf–#, /fd]5fk

!#= nId0f tfdfª …5fofÚ bf]/Daf–#, /fd]5fk

!$= gfd gv'n]sf …hldgÚ wg'iff

!%= gfd gv'n]sf …;f]dÚ sfe|]knf~rf]s, rf}jf;

!^= gfd gv'n]sf …ljdnfÚ ;f]n'v'Da'

!&= o'j/fh df]Qmfg -afa'_ bf]/Daf–@, /fd]5fk

!*= nLnf df]Qmfg -5f]/f_ bf]/Daf–@, /fd]5fk

!(= 6]saxfb'/ yfkfdu/ …ljj]sÚ bf]/Daf–!, /fd]5fk

@)�= rt'/dfg yfdL …;d/Ú

a]kQf kf/L xTof ul/PsL elgPsL dlxnf

qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf

@!= gfd gv'n]sf …piffÚ l;Gw'kfNrf]s;|f]t M /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f xTof ul/Psf JolQmx¿

qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf

@@= /]lndfof df]Qmfg bf]/Daf, /fd]5fk

@#= eLdaxfb'/ >]i7 bf]/Daf, /fd]5fk

@$= ljqmd of]~hg bf]/Daf, /fd]5fk

gLlt 5nkmnkq

cg';"rL @

df8L 36gfdf dfl/Psfx¿

qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf

!= /fdrGb| ;'j]bL sNof0fk'/ %, df8L lrtjg

@= lji0f'k|;fb l3ld/] sNof0fk'/ *, df8L lrtjg

#= ldgs'df/L e08f/L sNof0fk'/ %, df8L lrtjg

$= l8ndfof lgp/] ;fksf]6f sNof0fk'/ %, df8L lrtjg

%= lgZrn ;fksf]6f sNof0fk'/ %, df8L lrtjg

^= 8Da/s'df/L ltjf/L sNof0fk'/ %, df8L lrtjg

&= hfg'sf ltjf/L sNof0fk'/ %, df8L lrtjg

*= /lj ltjf/L sNof0fk'/ %, df8L lrtjg

(= lbnaxfb'/ ;'g'jf/ sNof0fk'/ $, df8L lrtjg

!)�= cfTdf/fd ;'j]bL cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L lrtjg

!!= cGhLn ;'j]bL cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L lrtjg

!@= lji0f'dfof b'/f cof]Wofk'/L (, df8L lrtjg

!#= ;fgf]dfof af]6 cof]Wofk'/L *, df8L lrtjg

!$= l;tfb]jL Gof}kfg] cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L lrtjg

!%= ldg' u'?ª cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L lrtjg

!^= /d]z >]i7 cof]Wofk'/L %, df8L lrtjg

!&= /jLGb| dxtf] cof]Wofk'/L $, df8L lrtjg

!*= dLgf k|hf cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L lrtjg

!(= ;'gaxfb'/ k|hf cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L lrtjg

@)�= dLgdfof af]6] cof]Wofk'/L (, df8L lrtjg

@!= rfd'gf/fo0f >]i7 e/tk'/ g=kf= @, lrtjg

@@= /]0f' a/fOnL e/tk'/ g=kf= %, lrtjg

@#= bLk]z a/fOnL e/tk'/ g=kf= %, lrtjg

@$= lbg]z nD;fn emfkf

@%= u+ufb]jL nD;fn emfkf

@^= bLlksf nD;fn emfkf

@&= bLIff nD;fn emfkf

@*= rGb|afxfb'/ lji6 ndh'ª

@(= ;'dg;]g 7s'/L gjnk/f;L

#)�= xl/lk|of e08f/L gjnk/f;L

#!= o1/fh kf}8]n l;v|f}nL, gjnk/f;L

gLlt 5nkmnkq

qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf

#@= >Ls'df/L u'?ª ;bL{, gjnk/f;L

##= v'ds'df/L kf}8]n l;v|f}nL, gjnk/f;L

#$= dL7'dfof sfsL{ kf]v/f g=kf= (, sf:sL

#%= ;'idf sfsL{ kf]v/f g=kf= (, sf:sL

dfl/Psf ;}lgs hjfgx¿

qm=;+= q=g+= gfd 7]ufgf

#^= !%(@#! 6+saxfb'/ UofdL du/ -Ko'7_ tfs'{3f6 #, uf]/vf

#&= !*(&&% wgaxfb'/ cf=d= -l;kfxL_ tfjf>L %, pbok'/

#*= !($$(* kbdaxfb'/ 3=d= -l;kfxL_ bxrf}/ $, ;'v]{t

df8L 36gfdf 3fOt] ePsfx¿

qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf

!= n]vgfy clwsf/L …s[i0fÚ cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

@= b'uf{dfof du/ cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

#= wgs'df/L kf}8]n cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

$= lji0f'dfof lj=s= cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L, lrtjg

%= ;fljqL 9sfn sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtjg

^= k"0f{axfb'/ lh=;L= sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtjg

&= ;Ltf ;'j]bL cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L lrtjg

*= g/dfof cfrfo{ sNof0fk'/ %, df8L, lrtjg

(= k/d]Zj/ sfˆn] cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

!)�= nIdLsfGt l3ld/] sNof0fk'/ *, df8L, lrtjg

!!= 6Lsfk|;fb a/fsf]6L e/tk'/ !)�, lrtjg

!@= uLtf kf]v/]n cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

!#= odgf/fo0f cof{n cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

!$= odsnf ;'j]bL cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

!%= ltnsaxfb'/ ;'on ndh'ª

!^= s[i0f l3ld/] sNof0fk'/ *, df8L, lrtjg

!&= a]gLdfof af]6] cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L lrtjg

!*= xf]dgfy ;'j]bL cof]Wofk'/L #, df8L, lrtjg

!(= l8ndfof e"iffn sNof0fk'/ (, df8L, lrtjg

@)�= kjg v8\sf sNof0fk'/ *, df8L, lrtjg

gLlt 5nkmnkq

qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf

@!= hugdfof u'?ª sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtjg

@@= efg'eQm cfrfo{ sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtjg

@#= s[i0fdl0f kf}8]n lzjgu/, lrtjg

@$= z]if/fh jfUn] sNof0fk'/ @, df8L, lrtjg

@%= cfzLif 5]qL cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L, lrtjg

@^= cl:dtf lj=s= cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L, lrtjg

@&= rGb|axfb'/ dxt cof]Wofk'/L (, df8L, lrtjg

@*= u'Ghg >]i7 kf]v/f a;kfs{

@(= g]qaxfb'/ u'?ª cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L, lrtjg

#)�= xl/snf k'g sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtjg

#!= ;fu/ ;'j]bL sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtjg

#@= s[i0fk|;fb kf]v/]n sNof0fk'/ #, df8L, lrtjg

##= zf]ef lj=s= sNof0fk'/ (, df8L, lrtjg

#$= ;'bLk lj=s= sNof0fk'/ (, df8L, lrtjg

#%= k|sfz kf08] sNof0fk'/ (, df8L, lrtjg

#^= lji0f'eQm kf08] sNof0fk'/ (, df8L, lrtjg

#&= ;Gtf]ifL yfkf auf}8f *, df8L, lrtjg

#*= sljtf a?jfn sNof0fk'/ %, df8L, lrtjg

#(= d}of nfld5fg] sNof0fk'/ %, df8L, lrtjg

$)�= h'gf nfld5fg] sNof0fk'/ %, df8L, lrtjg

$!= k"hg nfld5fg sNof0fk'/ %, df8L, lrtjg

$@= /fw]Zofd e08f/L sNof0fk'/ %, df8L, lrtjg

$#= lji0f'k|;fb cf]emf sNof0fk'/ %, df8L, lrtjg

$$= sfnLdfof tfdfª sNof0fk'/ &, df8L, lrtjg

$%= /Ltf tfdfª sNof0fk'/ &, df8L, lrtjg

$^= O{Zj/Lk|;fb kf}8]n sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtjg

$&= e'jg zflGt kf}8]n sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtjg

$*= /fh' kl/of/ kf]v/f, a}bfd

$(= k"mndfof kl/of/ kf]v/f, a}bfd

%)�= hfgsL /]UdL ubL{ ^, lrtjg

%!= r'g' s];L sNof0fk'/ #, df8L, lrtjg

%@= 1fg' kf}8]n e/tk'/ g=kf= @, lrtjg

%#= dgs'df/L 5]qL cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L, lrtjg

gLlt 5nkmnkq

qm=;+= gfd 7]ufgf

%$= uf]df clwsf/L cof]Wofk'/L *, df8L, lrtjg

%%= hoGtL af]6 cof]Wofk'/L &, df8L, lrtjg

%^= nIdL kf}8]n v}/xgL, lrtjg

%&= k|l;l4 kf}8]n v}/xgL, lrtjg

%*= gf/fo0fbQ kf}8]n -xfn d[To' eO;s]sf]_ cof]Wofk'/L %, df8L, lrtjg

%(= ;"o{axfb'/ u'?ª cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L, lrtjg

^)�= /fh' k|hf cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L, lrtjg

^!= b]jLk|;fb /]UdL cof]Wofk'/L %, df8L, lrtjg

^@= ljj]s a/fOnL e/tk'/ g=kf= ^, lrtjg

^#= jL/axfb'/ /fO{ cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L, lrtjg,

^$= gjLg e'h]n cof]Wofk'/L %, df8L, lrtjg

^%= udnf e08f/L e/tk'/ g=kf= !, /fdgu/

^^= g/xl/ /fgfef6 cof]Wofk'/L *, df8L, lrtjg

^&= ljqmd rf}w/L -rfns_ ubL{ %, lrtjg

^*= nfnl;+x du/ cof]Wofk'/L (, df8L, lrtjg

^(= u+ufaxfb'/ u'?ª -xfn d[To' eO;s]sf]_ cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

&)�= clDasf clwsf/L cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

&!= sf]lknf clwsf/L cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

&@= dgxl/ ;fksf]6f cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

&#= gf/fo0fL ;fksf]6f cof]Wofk'/L @, df8L, lrtjg

&$= k"hf u'?ª cof]Wofk'/L ^, df8L, lrtjg

&%= g]qaxfb'/ /fgfef6 sNof0fk'/ $, df8L, lrtg;|f]t M afFb/d'9] 36gfsf] :d[ltdf lgld{t :df/s, df8L

gLlt 5nkmnkq

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(www.nepal.ohchr.org)��Gfful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o cg'aGw, !(^^ .

hah{:tL a]kQf;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3Lo sfo{bnsf] k|ltj]bg (A/HRC/7/206, 10 January 2008)��g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)�^# .

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Office, Great Britain, 2008.ICCPR, General Comment No. 6.lgDg j]a;fO6x¿ M http://www.epsp.gov.np)��http://www.insec.org.np/victim/reports/district.pdf

;fdflhs ;+jfbsf nflu ;xsfo{ -PP;8L_

…;fdflhs ;+jfbsf nflu ;xsfo{Ú -PnfoG; km/ ;f];n 8fonu – PP;8L_ g]kfnsf

ljleGg 7fpFdf leGg–leGg ljifo / If]qdf lqmofzLn ;+:yf Pj+ JolQmx¿aLr ;+jfb k|lqmofaf6

;xsfo{sf] ;+:s[lt lj:tf/ ug{] p2]Zo lnP/ ;'? ePsf] cleofg xf] . nf]stflGqs

d"No / dfGotf k|j4{g ug'{ o;sf] d"ne"t p2]Zo xf] . of] p2]Zo k|fKt ug{sf lglDt

PP;8Ln] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ;/f]sf/sf ;d;fdlos ljifodf ;Da4 kIfaLr cGt/lqmof÷ax;

ub}{, u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 .

dfgjclwsf/, :jtGq ;~rf/ / lzIff cflb ;fdflhs dxÎjsf If]qdf sfd ul//x]sf g]kfnL

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu ;xsfo{ ub{} af}l4s ;+jfbsf nflu k|oTg/t /xg' PP;8Lsf] Wo]o xf] . oxL

Wo]ocg'¿k PP;8Ln] oL If]qdf sfd ul//x]sf ;+:yf tyf JolQmx¿aLr ;xsfo{ / ;+jfb a9fpg

k/fdz{, 5nkmn, cWoog / sfo{zfnf uf]i7L h:tf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ub{5 . o:tf 5nkmnn]

pRr k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf ljifox¿df gLltut / uxg k|s[ltsf] ;+jfb cl3 a9fpg cjwf/0ffkq

;d]t k|sfzg ug]{ ub{5 .

PP;8Ln] dfgjclwsf/, :jtGq ;~rf/ / lzIffsf If]qdf ;lqmo /x]/ nf]stGq

tyf v'nf÷:jtGq ;dfhsf] k|j4{gdf nfluk/]sf ;+:yf tyf JolQmx¿sf aLraf6

gofF / l;h{gzLn ljifox¿ klxrfg u/L cfufdL lbgdf sfd ug{ ;lsg] ljifox¿sf]

k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . To:tf ljifox¿df sfd ug{ rflxg] cg'bfg /sd k|fKt

ug{ cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf ;xof]uL ;+:yfx¿;Fu ;xsfo{ ub}{ :yfgLo / cGt/f{li6«o

;+:yfx¿aLrdf ;~hfn lgdf{0f ug]{ sfd klg cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 .

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fusf] 5nkmnsf qmddf k|fyldstfdf k/]sf ljifox¿df /rgfTds sfo{qmd

;~rfng ug{ PP;8Ln] :yfgLo ;ª\3;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|]l/t u5{ . /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf

cjwf/0ff, gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg ;Sg] / :yfgLo :t/df b]lvPsf afwf–

Jojwfgx¿ klxrfg u/L lbuf] ;dfwfg lbg ;Sg] k|s[ltsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{sf nflu

kl/of]hgf k|:tfj tof/ kf/L cg'bfg /sdsf nflu cfj]bg k]; ug{ klg PP;8Ln] :yfgLo

;ª\3;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

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