benzene reduction app brief 022009

8/10/2019 Benzene Reduction App Brief 022009

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PROCESS OVERVIEW (cont.)

PostfractionationElimination of the benzene from the

reformate after it has been formed

Reformate is split into a light stream and a heavy

stream in a reformate splitter. Postfractionation offers the

greatest control over gasoline benzene. It requires invest-

ment in a reformate splitter and additional processing,consisting of the two options already noted plus two more,

all of which are EPA-approved benzene reduction

technologies:

Saturation Post-treatment destruction via a

saturation unit is likely to be a popular choice if the

refinery either does not have assets to reuse or revamp, or

capacity available in existing units

Isomerization Unit must be able to handle the

designed feed stream, the unit yield shift must fit into the

refinery gasoline blend pool, and the scheme must meetthe benzene reduction requirements

Extraction A solvent liquidliquid extraction (LLE)

and extraction distillation (ED) process utilizes commodity

glycols for extraction of benzene; relies on having an

outlet for the benzene stream

Alkylation Converts benzene into other aromatic

compounds like xylene, toluene and cumene by the

addition of alkyl groups to the benzene ring

SEALLESS PUMP APPLICATIONS

Sundyne HMD/Kontro GSP sealless magnetic drive

pumps can be successfully applied in the majority of

benzene reduction services that are specified by the

process licensors or engineering contractors as complex

double sealed pumps.

By preventing any atmospheric air from entering into

the process system, HMD/Kontro is well-designed for

benzene reduction services under vacuum conditions,

including lean solvent pumps and solvent transfer pumps.

SUNDYNE HMD/KONTRO ADVANTAGES

Reduced engineering and installation time for the

engineering contractor

Our sealless design eliminates buffer systems, which

means there are no supporting systems for cooling water,

venting or vapor recovery, and no complex piping requirements.

Unlike dual seal pumps that require external flushing to

prevent premature seal failure, HMD/Kontros containmentshell does not require an external flushing support system.

Improved process reliability, time and cost

savings for the plant operator

Our pumps eliminate the daily inspection to monitor

buffer system fluid levels, and the need to continuously fill

the systems with expensive buffer fluids.

With no seals to leak, HMD/Kontro pumps do not

require the detailed plant management and EPA reports

that document equipment emissions.

Our sealless design improves online reliability,resulting in significant reductions in maintenance costs and

downtime for pump repairs.

TYPICAL SEALLESS DESIGN

Carbon steel pump construction API material class

S-5 is typically adequate for these services. However, if

mixture has corrosion elements in the fluid stream, 316 SS

construction is recommended. Viton o-rings are acceptable.

API 685 pump guidelines including secondary

containment, liquid and pressure sensors in the couplinghousing with PCM or flow controller.

OTHER SUNDYNE APPLICATIONS

Sundyne LMV 800 / 300 series heavy-duty API pumps

can be used to facilitate the reaction process that occurs in

pre and postfractionation benzene reduction technologies.

Sundyne Pinnacle centrifugal compressors offer

unmatched reliability in the hydrogen recycle service that

accompanies some benzene reduction processes.

www.sundyne.com

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Axens Benfree is a prefractionation process which

reduces benzene from reformate through integrated

reactive distillation. The process uses high-pressure pumps

to withdraw benzene rich light fraction from the splitter to

the hydrogenation unit, where the benzene is convertedto cyclohexane. (www.axens.net)

CDTECH The CDHydro process offer three

options: (1) a side column on the naphtha deisohexanizer

to eliminate straight run benzene; (2) a reformate splitter

with integral benzene saturation; or (3) a side column on a

conventional reformate splitter. Typically used are high-

pressure feed pumps, reactors, and recirculation pumps in

the conventional system. The CDTECH process may also

have an H2 recycle compressor application.

(www.cdtech.com)

ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co. EMRE

offers BenzOUT, a reformate alkylation process in

which benzene-rich streams are reacted with light olefins

such as ethylene or propylene to convert the benzene to

high-octane alkylate. (www.exxonmobil.com/apps/refin-

ingtechnologies/index.html)

GTC Technology GT-BenZap is situated down-

stream of the reformer and employs hydrogenation in

combination with a platinum catalyst to convert benzene to

cyclohexane and other more acceptable compounds.

Another offering, GT-BTX, is an aromatic

extractive distillation process utilizing lean solvent in a

distillation column. The bottoms solvent is sent to a

recovery column and the benzene is extracted from the

liquid stream. (www.gtchouston.com)

UOP The BenSat process can be placed in either

the pre or postfractionation stages of the refinery, and uses

the following equipment:

Charge pumps; reactor recycle pumps; oxygen

stripper overhead and bottoms pumps; splitter overheadand bottoms pumps; reflux stripper pumps; stabilizer

reflux pumps; and an H2 make up compressor

(typically reciprocating).

Feed pump modifications may be required, offering

an opportunity to replace double sealed process pumps

with sealless pumps.

UOPs Sulfolane and ED Sulfolane processes

combine liquidliquid extraction with extraction distilla-

tion to recover benzene and other aromatics. The following

equipment is used:

Splitter bottoms and overhead pumps; fractionation

bottoms pumps; charge pumps; recirculation water pumps;

raffinate pumps; raffinate wash water pumps; lean solvent

pumps; solvent transfer pumps; wet sump transfer pumps;

wet transfer pumps; and wash water stripper bottom

pumps.

No compressor services are required for this process.

(www.uop.com)

www.sundyne.com

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PROCESS LICENSORS

There are a number of process licensors offering benzene reduction technologies. These include, but are not limited

to the following:

benzene reduction app brief 022009

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