888 E. Biological Oceanography OLR (1984) 31 (12)

separate population could be decimated. Nat. En- viron. Res. Council, c /o British Antarctic Survey, Madingley Rd., Cambridge, UK. (ahm)

84:6212 O'Riordan, C.E., J.M.C. Holmes and D.P. Sleeman,

1984. First recorded occurrence of the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata L.) in Irish waters. Ir. Nat. J., 21(6):274-275. Natl. Museum of Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.

84:6213 Singarajah, K.V., 1984. Observations on the occur-

rence and hehaviour of minke whales off the coast of Brazil. Scient. Repts Whales Res. Inst., 35:17- 38.

Balaenoptera acutorostrata physiology, morphology and catch statistics 1963-82 are discussed as are the Brazilian whaling ground's topography and hy- drography. Prior to 1963, only 3 minke whales had been taken; since then, 12,494 have been taken. The 'population appears to remain at an exploitable level.' The minke's arrival off Brazil seems related to optimal water temperature, reduced turbulence, and appropriate day-length and surface currents. Dept. of Syst. and Ecol., CCEN, Federal Univ. of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa 58000, Brazil. (ihz)

Ell0. Bottom communities

84:6214 Ambrose, W.G. Jr., 1984. Role of predatory infauna

in structuring marine soft--bottom communities. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 17(2):109-115.

The use of cages to exclude epibenthic predators from muddy-sand and seagrass habitats resulted in an increase in predatory infauna. Possible mecha- nisms and interactions are discussed. Predatory and non-predatory infauna should be treated as separate entities in models of soft-bottom community struc- ture. Inst. of Mar. Biol. and Limnol., Univ. of Osto, Norway. (mjj)

84:6215 Harris, L.G., A.W. Ebeling, D.R. Laur and R.J.

Rowley, 1984. Community recovery niter storm damage: a case of facilitation in primary succes- sion. Science, 224(4655): 1336-1338.

After a California marine reef was denuded by a severe storm, 'early arriving, fast-growing algae' provided dense cover which sheltered young kelp from excessive grazing by fish. This may be the first example of 'refuge facilitation [occurring] in primary

succession after a major natural disturbance.' Dept. of Zool., Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, N.H. 03824, USA. (mjj)

84:6216 Kelly, J.R. and S.W. Nixon, 1984. Experimental

studies of the effect of organic deposition on the metabolism of a coastal marine bottom commu- nity. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 17(2):157-169.

Addition of particulate organic matter to the water column overlying intact sediment cores maintained in the laboratory resulted in large changes in rates of sediment 02 uptake and CO 2 and NH 4 release. Quantities of organic matter added and timing of the additions affected the variability of sediment-water exchanges. Extrapolation of results to sediments of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, indicates that '>80% of the annual C and N deposition may be remineralized.' Ecosystems Res. Center, 237 Corson Hall, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. (mjj)

84:6217 Logan, A., F.H. Page and M.L.H. Thomas, 1984.

Depth zonation of epibenthos on sublittorai hard substrates off Deer Island, Bay of Fundy, Canada. Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci., 18(5):571-592. Dept. of Geol., Univ. of New Brunswick, St. John, NB, Canada.

84:6218 Lubchenco, Jane et al., 1984. Structure, persistence,

and role of consumers in a tropical rocky intertidal community (TaboguiHa Island, Bay of Panama). J. expl mar. Biol. Ecol., 78(1/2):23-73.

The physical environment and i~s seasonal changes are described; zonation, abundance and diversity of plants and animals are examined. The upper zone is barren, but mid- and low zones are dominated by encrusting algae (<92% cover). Foliose algae are rare (_<7% cover), as are sessile animals. Mobile consumers (limpets, gastropods, crabs, chitons, fish) are abundant and are an important factor in maintaining the low abundance of sessile inverte- brates and dominance of encrusting algae. Seasonal changes in community structure are small. Dept. of Zool., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, Oreg. 97331, USA. (mjj)

84:6219 Parulekar, A.H., Z.A. Ansari and S.N. Harkantra,

1983. Benthic fauna of the Antarctic Oceanm quantitative ~Oects. In: Scientific Report of First Indian Expedition to Antarctica. Technical Pub- lication No. 1; Department of Ocean Devel- opment, New Delhi, India; pp. 213-218.

OLR (1984) 31 (12) E. Biological Oceanography 889

In a less explored region of the Antarctic Ocean (11°-41°E) mean densities of 3 macrofauna and 12 meiofauna taxa were 221/m 2 and 6780/m 2, respec- tively; polychaetes and nematodes dominated. Meio- fauna were more numerous in sandy than clayey sediments and their abundance increased with depth. Benthic biomass (99% macrofaunal) was 566.4 g/m 2 at shallow depths and decreased expo- nentially with depth. Natl. Inst. of Oceanogr., Dona Paula, Goa-403 004, India. (msg)

84:6220 Potts, D.C. and P.K. Swart, 1984. Water temperature

as an indicator of environmental variability on a coral reef. Limnol. Oceanogr., 29(3):504-516.

Variation in water temperatures commonly expe- rienced by corals were examined on several temporal scales to evaluate the association between envi- ronmental stability and habitat favorability. Shallow reef-top sites were exposed to surface waters modi- fied by prevailing weather conditions; the deeper outer slopes lay permanently within a well buffered, relatively oceanic water mass. Thermal stability and relative water movement were poor predictors of coral growth and survival. The most stable and the most unstable thermal environments both were poor habitats for corals. Biol. Dept. and Center for Coastal Mar. Stud., Univ. of Calif., Santa Cruz 95064, USA.

84:6221 Wildish, D.J. (ed.), 1984. Biology of the sediment-

water interface. Report of the St. Andrews Biological Station's 75th Anniversary Benthic Workshop. Can. tech. Rept Fish. aquat. Sci., 1263:38pp; 12 papers.

Ten papers are presented dealing with trophic pathways (pelagic-benthic coupling; organic matter fluxes), field and laboratory experiments with sus- pension feeders, and new methods (remote imaging; time-series and stereographic photography). (mjj)

El20. Estuarine, marsh and mangrove communities

84:6222 Zhang, Raoting, 1984. The species composition and

geographical distribution of mangrove plants in the Talwan Strait. Taiwan Strait, 3(1):112-118. (In Chinese, English abstract.)

Fifteen species (11 families, 15 genera) are dis- tributed in a pattern that 'decreases from south to north'; more species occur on the east coast than on

the west coast of the strait. Plant distribution appears related to currents, temperature and soil; distributions of thermophilic and eurytopic species are discussed. Dept. of Biol., Xiamen Univ., People's Republic of China. (ahm)

El50. Microbiology (communities, pro- cesses; also bacteria, fungi, yeasts, viruses, etc.)

84:6223 Cowen, J.P. and M.W. Silver, 1984. The association

of iron and manganese with bacteria on marine macroparticulate material. Science, 224(4655): 1340-1342.

Bacteria associated with macroparticles collected at depths >100 m in the North Pacific possessed extracellular capsules containing Fe and Mn; the number of capsules increased with depth. Scaveng- ing and removal of Fe from the water column may be mediated significantly by Fe-depositing bacteria. TEM micrographs are included. Center for Coastal Marine Studies, Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, Calif. 95064, USA. (m.ij)

84:6224 Fuhrman, J.A. and G.B. McManus, 1984. Do

bacteria-sized marine eukaryotes consume sig- nificant bacterial production? Science, 224(4654): 1257-1260.

Indirect evidence provided by size fractionation of grazing activity combined with eukaryotic inhibitors, and comparison of results of different methods of measuring grazing rates, indicate that eukaryotes small enough to pass a 0.6-pro filter may exist. These eukaryotes could 'be responsible for...more than 50 percent of the total grazing [on bacteria] in coastal waters.' No such eukaryotes have yet been seen microscopically. Mar. Sci. Res. Center, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA. (mjj)

84:6225 Jannasch, H.W., 1984. Microbes in the oceanic

environment. Symp. Soc. gen. Microbiol., 36(1/2):97-118.

A brief review of the recent development of the field of environmental microbiology is followed by dis- cussion of two main topics: the 'sampling and culturing of micro-organisms in the absence of decompression,' and chemosynthetic primary pro- duction by bacteria using geothermally reduced inorganic compounds released by deep-sea hydro- thermal vents. Continued expansion of interdisci-