BEEF“IT’S WHAT’S FOR DINNER”

Presented by Sarah Mensen

Definitions

Bull

Cow

Steer

Outline

History Kurgan People India Spain The American

West Production and

Land use Breeds

Technology and Workers

Health, and Safety Consumption

Sustainable Beef?

History

Aurochs

Highland shorthorns

Mesopotamia

History

Religious experiences

Mythology Bulls-strength and power Cows represented fertility.

Greek God Dionysus

The Dinka wedding ceremony

Kurgan People

Neolithic Cowboys Ukraine The first to breed horses that could be ridden. Power

Herds, mobile, military.

Priests

Warriors

Commoners

India

Aryan nomads

Alliance with the people

Hindu vs. Buddhism

Holy Cow

Spain

The New World

Christopher Columbus

Fertilizing the New World

Mexican Independence

The first cowboy of America

The American West

Free land!!!

Buffalo

Native Americans

Colonel Richard Irving Dodge’s account

Production and Land Use

The life of a Steer

The Big Five

The Big Four

CAFOs

Grains vs. Grass

Grazing techniques

Breeds

Angus

Brahman

Texas Longhorn

Hereford

Technology and Workers

Assembly line

Workers

Food or Product?

Or

Health and Safety 1986: Discovery of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly called mad

cow disease, in cattle in Britain. 1988: British government bans cattle feed containing cow parts and begins destroying

BSE-infected cattle. (Eventually 3.7 million cattle are killed.) 1990: British agriculture minister appears on television urging his 4-year-old daughter

to eat a hamburger, assuring the public that beef is safe. 1993: Canada reports its first case of mad cow disease. 1996: The British government admits BSE-infected beef may transmit mad cow

disease to humans in the form of vCJD, or variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. (The classic form of CJD previously appeared mostly in the elderly.)

1997: The United States and Canada ban cattle feed containing cow parts. July 2001: The European Union tightens BSE testing; now, one out of four cows is

screened. September 2001: Japan reports its first case of mad cow disease. October 2001: Japan begins BSE testing on all cattle slaughtered for human

consumption. May 2003: Despite increased safety measures, scientists discover a single new case of

mad cow disease in Canada. Dec. 23, 2003: The United States reports its first case of mad cow disease in

Washington state. Dec. 30, 2003: The USDA announces new regulations on cattle slaughter, including

bans on using downer cattle and mechanically separated meat for human consumption.

Diet

Is it healthy? NutrientPlant-Based Foods*

Animal-Based Foods**

Cholesterol (mg)

- 137

Fat (g) 4 36

Protein (g) 33 34

Beta-carotene (mcg)

29,919 17

Dietary Fiber (g)

31 -

Vitamin C (mg) 293 4

Folate (mcg) 1168 19

Vitamin E (mg_ATE)

11 .5

Iron (mg) 20 2

Magnesium (mg)

548 51

Calcium (mg) 545 252

* Equal parts of tomatoes, spinach, lima beans, peas, potatoes**Equal parts of beef, pork, chicken, whole milk

Consumption

Total U.S. beef consumption:    2007: 28.1 billion pounds     2008: 27.3 billion pounds

U.S. beef exports (commercial carcass weight and value):    2007: 1.431 billion pounds, $2.175 billion     2008: 1.888 billion pounds, $2.978 billion

U.S. beef exports as percent of production:     2007: 5.4 percent    2008: 7.1 percent

U.S. cattle imports from Canada:

2007: 1.405 million head

2008: 1.581 million head

U.S. cattle imports from all sources:

2007: 2.495 million head

2008: 2.284 million head

Sustainable Beef

Is it possible?

Become a vegan or…

Eat less meat

Biliography Bovine Bazaar

2009 The History of Cattle Breed. Electronic document. http://www.bovinebazaar.com/history.htm. Accessed May 5, 2010.

Bill Ganzel2007 IBP, Boxed Beef & a New "Big Four." Electronic document.

http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe50s/money_17.html Accessed May 5, 2010. United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.

2009 U.S. Beef and Cattle Industry: Background Statistics and Information. Electronic document. http://www.ers.usda.gov/news/bsecoverage.htm Accessed May 5, 2010.

National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service. 2004 Rotational Grazing Livestock Systems Guide. Electronic document.

http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/rotategr.html Accessed May 5, 2010 Keith Akers

Sustainable Beef? Electronic document. http://www.compassionatespirit.com/Sustainable-Beef.htm Accessed May 5, 2010.

Williams, David Willard. Beef Cattle Production in the South. Danville, Ill: The Interstate], 1941.  

Campbell, T. Colin, and Thomas M. Campbell. The China Study: The Most Comprehensive Study of Nutrition Ever Conducted and the Startling Implications for Diet, Weight Loss and Long-Term Health. Dallas, Tex: BenBella Books, 2005.  VegSource Interactive, Inc.

How Much Water to Make One Pound of Beef? Electronic document. http://www.vegsource.com/articles/pimentel_water.htm Accessed May 5, 2010.

Bibliography

Andreas, Carol. 1994. Meatpackers and beef barons: company town in a global economy. Niwot, Colo: University Press of Colorado.

Lodrick, Deryck O. Sacred Cows, Sacred Places: Origins and Survivals of Animal Homes in ndia. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.

Wuerthner, George, and Mollie Yoneko Matteson. Welfare Ranching: The Subsidized Destruction of the American West. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2002.

Eric Schlosser. 2002. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal New York: Houghton Mifflin

Andreas, Carol. Meatpackers and Beef Barons: Company Town in a Global Economy. Niwot, Colo: University Press of Colorado, 1994.

 Rimas, Andrew, and Evan D. G. Fraser. Beef: The Untold Story of How Milk, Meat, and Muscle Shaped the World. New York, NY: William Morrow, 2008.  

Hopkins, John A. Economic History of the Production of Beef Cattle in Iowa. Iowa City, Ia: State historical Society of Iowa, 1928.  

Rifkin, Jeremy. Beyond Beef: The Rise and Fall of the Cattle Culture. New York, N.Y., U.S.A.: Dutton, 1992.