ELECTRONICS

Basics of practical ELECTRONICSAUTHOR :B.DINESH ,B.E , M.E

B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 9/18/20151

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ObjectivesTo acquire the fundamental knowledge of electronicsTo understand the working of basic componentsTo impart learning by practiceTo nurture innovation among students 9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 2

DISCOVERY

ELECTRICITY ELECTRICUS(GREEK ) AMBER-1600 WILLIAM GILBERT

1800-BEJAMIN FRANKLIN DID KITE EXPT

Amber- a resin from trees

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3 IMPORTANT PARAMETERSCURRENT

VOLTAGE

RESISTANCE9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 4

Current Force - Flow of charges causes it -+ve to ve terminals

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voltageVoltage,electric potential difference,electric pressureorelectric tension

Work done in moving a charge between point A and B volts (joule/columb)

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ResistanceDegree to which Conductor opposes current

Low resistance High resistance 9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 7

Formulas connecting electricityohms law:V=I.R V-Voltage, I- Current, R- ResistanceI = V/RWhy formulas :

All Components need current All components will melt on excess current So precise current should be given to components

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How to make a electronic circuitBuy componentsFind their current, voltage requirementsDraw your circuit Find resistance needed for each component Draw your circuit

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Basic componentsBATTERYLEDRESISTORLDRTHEMISTORIR SENSORMOTOR9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 10

BATTERY9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 11

LEAD ACID BATTERY (RECHARGABLE )

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LITHIUM ION (RECHARGABLE )

TEMPERATURE CONTROL Battery sends signal to cellphone if it is getting too hotThermistor -node

Rechargeable button cellLithium ion indication9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 13

Alkaline battery not rechargeable

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Zinc carbon batteries (not rechargeable)Lechlanche cell discovered by Lechlanche

Metal capCarbon rodZinc caseManganese (iv)dioxideMoist paste of ammonium chlorideMetal bottom

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Silver oxide (non rechargeable cells)

All-button cells

Technologically superior to all batteries

Used in rockets, space age machines

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LED-light emitting diodeElectroluminescence radiative recombination of electrons and holes

Operation :

Typical -3 Volts min

Current -10 -20 ma9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 17

Voltage and current requirements

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Working of an led video-1

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Working of an led video-2

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Resistor

A device that minimizes current and voltageResistor = carbon + ceramic + resin(adhesive)

Carbon - conductor

Ceramic insulator

Resistance differs by = carbon : ceramic mix ratio3 types

4 band 5 band 6 band 9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 21

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Tolerance :

Ability to bare Eg :100ohm 10% tolerance it can acts as 100 to 110Temperature coefficient of resistance (ppm/C) :

Resistance change with temperature

+ ve temp coeff- tempResistance

- ve temp coeff- temp

Resistance

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How to chose a resistor R = V/IEXAMPLE :GIVEN : 9VOLT BATTERY, LED CURRENT 20MA

RESISTOR = V / I = 9000 milli volts / 20 mA =450 ohms

4 5 x 10 e1 = 450 ohmsColours : 4 band 4 5 e19/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 24

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Hands on :Problem statement : make an led glow using a battery on switch on

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Components neededLed green or red 19V batteryResistor 220 ohm or 330 ohm Connecting wires Crimper for cutting wires Bread board Switch 9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 27

Schematic or circuit

9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 28Fritizing based schematic

Bread boarding for the hands-on9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 29

Fritizing based bread board diagram

Task-2 Make a night lamp led that glows in the darkComponents needed LDR Resistor -1m,10k,220 Transistor BC 547 (npn) LED9/18/2015B.DINES H,surya E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 30

LDR- Light Dependent ResistorDarkness high resistance

Light presence resistance9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 31

Light intensity in LUX9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 32

Schematics

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Breadboard connection

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circuit

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