basic theme quran

8/4/2019 Basic theme Quran

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VI

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VIRTUES DEFINITION:

-Good or moral goodness quality in someone character.

HAS TWO BRANCHES:

1) Related to physical side.

E.g: Being kind toward parents.

2) Related to the heart.

E.g: TRUSTWORTHINESS

(AMANAH),PATIENCE(SABR),PERFECTION(IHSAN).


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DEFINITION.

IMPORTANCE.

CLASSIFICATION.

ISLAMIC HISTORY


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DEFINITION. LITERALLY/ETYMOTOLOGICALLY.

Derived from the Arabic root word () which mean; beinghonest,telling the truth,keeping promises and save from doing

prohibited things by Allah. TECHNICALLY.

Trustworthiness is every rights of ones responsibility or trust

either from the right of Allah (HAQULLAH) or the right of the

creation (HAQQUL ADAMI) whether in work (action),wordsand belief.


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AL-HAQQ. HAQULLAH.

-The right that must keep themost.

-Allah only wants one thingfrom His slaves.

And I (Allah) created not the

JINN and MANKIND except

they should worship me(ALONE)

HAQQUL ADAMI.-Give preference to thecommands of Allah and are

pleased with decisions ofAllah in their life.

Thus, as the prophet (SAW)said, those who cannot fullfilthe rights of creation cannotfullfil the rights of Allah.


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IMPORTANCE OF

TRUSTWORTHINESS. It is an important asset in order to realize Islamic teaching and

essential in ones life.

It is one of prophets characteristics.

-Without having Amanah, a person could not handle theresponsibility given by Allah to him.

Surah 4. An-Nisa (58-115)

4:58

)4:58(Allah commands you to deliver trusts to thoseworthy of them; and when you judge between people, tojudge with justice.


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The main responsibility of human as vicegerent of Allah.

33:72 (33:72)We offered the trust to the heavens and the earth and

the mountains, but they refused to carry it and were afraid ofdoing so; but man carried it. Surely he is wrong-doing,

ignorant.

To ensure every human beings and even other creationdeserve their right.A person could strengthen his faith (iman) and fidelity.


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It is one sign of the day of resurrection (QIYAMAH)-When everybody is neglecting trustworthiness,undoubtedly, destruction will happen to Earth.-When trust is gone, wait for Qiyamah.


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CLASSIFICATION OF

TRUSTWORTHINESS.TRUSTWORTHINESS BETWEEN HUMAN BEINGS

AND THE CREATOR.

-Our responsibility in this universe as a slave of Allah issurrender, obedience, and total submission to Allahs

rules and regulations.-As we concern, all bounties that have been given to us

in this world for happiness.-But it does not mean that we can make anything that weare desire to do.


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Thus, we must use all the bounties given by Allah inaccordingly.

8:27

(8:27)Believers! Do not be unfaithful to Allah andthe Messenger, nor be knowingly unfaithful to yourtrusts.


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TRUSTWORTHINESS BETWEEN MAN AND MAN.

-We as a Muslim and as a human being in this world

depend on each other and we need someone in our life.-Without having friends we will face a big problem.

Therefore, we should be a trust person in order to make

sure that our friends do not run away from us.


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4:57

)4:57( And those who believe and do good deeds, We shallcause them to enter the Gardens beneath which rivers flow.

There they shall abide for ever. There they shall have spousespurified and there We shall cause them to enter a shelter withplenteous shade.

-Breach of trust is considered one of signs of a hypocrite.-According to Muslim scholars POV, a person who has one ofhypocrite behavior is not an absolute hypocrite, but he/she is ahypocrite in action.


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TRUSTWORTHINESS BETWEEN HUMAN BEING AND OWNSELF.

-Allah has created us completely. He gave us brain, eyes, nose,ears, hands, legs, and others for us to take a good care of it.- All of this things bestowed by Allah are one of the trusts(AMANAH) of Allah on us.

o For example, our tongue is given by Allah as a trust.We must use it in the right way because if we false speak, it willdestroy ourselves.

Thus, we should keep it and preserves it from any corruptionand also takes a good care of it because we will asked by Allah;whether we used it in the right way or misused it.


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AMANAH AS IN ISLAMIC

HISTORY.IN THE TIME OF KHALIFAH UMAR ABDUL AZIZ

Khalifah Umar Abdul `Aziz is one of Caliphs in the government ofUmayyad Caliphate. One night, when he was doing his work in theroom at castle, one of his prince came to him to discuss about familymatter. After his prince sat, Khalifah Umar Abdul `Aziz switch off thelamp that was on the table. His prince amaze and ask him why didhe switch off the lamp. Khalifah Umar said that the lamp that he used

just now are belonging to government. He use only for government

purposes. Furthermore, the lamp and also the oil that have beenused are not belongs to him. He bought it with government money.So, he did not has any right to use it for other purposes thangovernment matters.


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ONE

Khalifah Umar Abdul `Aziz is one of Caliphs in the government ofUmayyad Caliphate.

One night, when he was doing his work in the room at castle, one ofhis prince came to him to discuss about family matter.

TWO

After his prince sat, Khalifah Umar Abdul `Aziz switch off the lampthat was on the table. His prince amaze and ask him why did he switchoff the lamp.

THREE

Khalifah Umar said that the lamp that he used just now are belongingto government. He use only for government purposes. Furthermore,the lamp and also the oil that have been used are not belongs to him.

FOUR

He bought it with government money. So, he did not has any right touse it for other purposes than government matters.


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E

ND

OF

MIN

E


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Definition

Literal Technical meaning

Type of patience Patience with Allahs test

Patience to desire

Patience in obeying Allah

Patience in doing dakwah

Patience in the battlefield

Patience in communication with others

Importance/significant of patience Patience strengthen the soul of Muslim, calm and assured by Allahs blessing

Patience mean redhawith Allahs will

Patience show the level of faith (iman) of Mukmin

Patience is important to overcome test from Allah

Example of patience as in Islamic The patience of prophet Muhammad SAW

The patience of Abdullah Bin Abbas


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LERERAL MEANING Derive from Arabic root word () .

Meaning restrain, to bind, forbearance (lust), stay calm.

E.g. not to get mad when you have to wait a long time.

TECHNICAL MEANING Train ourselves not to complain when handling

difficulties or problems and make us close to Allah.

In other definition is, the ability to stay calm andaccept a delay or something annoying without anycomplain.


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Patience in

obeying Allah

Patience to

desire

Patience with

Allahs test

Patience indoing dakwah

Patience in thebattlefield

Patience in

communicationwith others


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Either Muslim or non-Muslim are included in this test. There are 2 type categories of patience in this type:-

I. Internal a person should ignore his sad feeling by do not show his sad

feeling on his face or just acquiesce. Just simply accept Allahs will without any complaint and any

problems.

II. External A person should not tell or blame other anything that

happened to him Regretness only make nothing except make someone far from

getting reward from Allah and this show that he is notsatisfied with Allahs will.


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By following our desire, will led to worldly affair and sexualdesire which was not good at certain part.

Allahs test us as a human commonly with 4 way of testaccording to Imam Habib Abdullah Al-Haddad:- WEALTHY

Wealth given by Allah to human being in order to test themwhether they use it in right way or bad way.

ENVIOUS with OTHERS Wealth look arrogance, but actually it is a burden to them.

PATIENCE to SEXUAL DESIRE In Islamic perspective, man can marry with Muslim slave if they

could not afford to marry with free woman. This is to avoid evildeeds.

2 ways to avoid evil deeds from internal and external way:- i. Avoid from going to places that encourage us to commit sin ii. Ignoring the wishper, which asks to sin because it start from

wishpers

NOT TO BE ANGRY and DONT KEEP IT in HEART Just be patient.


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Doing what is obligatory in worshiping Allah withoutany complaint. This is because, the right path is full of obstacle and

need to be patient in order to go through thats obstacle.

3 things of patience needed in order to become loyaltyservant of Allah:- i. patience before obeying that is by the sincerity of his

intention. ii. Patience in doing every work and not to forget Allah

in anything that he does. iii. After finishing the work, we shall not be proud

(Riya) of it.


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Lots obstacle in doing Dakwah, so that we must to bevery patience person in order to doing well in Dakwahsince Dakwah is compulsory to every Muslim since weknow that every Muslim must to doAmarMarufNahi

Mungkar. The obstacle of Dakwah such as:-

i. facing with stubborn person who would avoid daievery time they meet them.

ii. Facing with interruption. Dai will be accuse with a lotof the bad things. So it could be done by using by nice

work and action. Facing a long distance.


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Running away from battlefield because of afraid ofdying is really a big sin.

Patience is very importance especially when facingloss.

E.g. in the battle of Uhud, Allah praised people whostay in the battle and criticized who runs away frombattle.


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Cover the moral of communicating in the community.

E.g. between husband and wife who can tolerate eachother.


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Patience strengthens the soul of a Muslims, calm andassured by Allahs blessing.

Patience means redhawith Allahs will. Redha is the fruit of calmness and fruit of faith because by

having it, because by having it, we could get the largestreward from Allah in this universe as well as hereafter.

Patience show the level of faith (Iman) of a mukmin. Patience is important to overcome test of Allah.

The existence of man in this world is to tested by which of the

is the best as Allah give man intelligence . So, the patiencehere is very important to get that.


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The patience of Prophet Muhammad SAW As commonly we all know that, in earlier of

development of Islam, there were so many obstacle thatProphet Muhammad faced in order to develop Islam. As

example of obstacle is, clan of Prophet Muhammaditself didn't hear his teaching of Islam, merchantopposed the massage, blame him and wanted to killhim.

Even though, Prophet Muhammad didnt even set any

revenge on them, otherwise, Prophet Muhammad justbe patience, did not angry to them, on what they dotoward Islam and him and even reply with a good thingsfor those who doing cruel act toward him.


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The patience of Abdullah bin Abbas. He is the man who would not miss even a single assemblies of

Rasulullahs teaching and record everything that he learned. However, after Rasulullahs death, he the one who would see as

many companion as possible especially those who know Prophetlonger and learn from them what prophet had thought them.

If he heard that there are people who knew hadith of prophet whichhe did not know, he never care to see him and then record it. Andnot just that, he may see up to 30 people to just to verify a singlematter.

Abdullah would ask, ask, and asking without tired in order to getknowledge to continue developing Islam. And he would sift and

scrutinize the information he had collected with his keen andmeticulous mind. He did not just collect and just get theinformation. He really appreciate it with patience. This is how wecan conclude here Adullah bin Abbas is someone with very high inpatience in doing dakwah.


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LITERAL MEANING :MEANS HE WISHED THE BOUNTIES AND GRACE

BESTOWED TO SOMEONE TO BE REMOVE AND TOBE TRUE TO HIM.

TECHNICAL MEANING :

WISHING FOR THE REMOVAL , DEMISE OR GRACE ,BOUNTIES BESTOWED TO THE ENVIED (MAHSUD),EVENTHOUGH THE HASID( ENVIOUSPERSON) WILL NOT OBTAIN ANY ADVANTAGE FROMITS REMOVAL .


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1. The feeling ofunhappy and dislike tothe bounties b Allah toa person or to theachivement he gains.

2. The feeling ofhappiness with theremoval of thosebounties or thatachivement from itspossessor.


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1. Due to its destructive out come.

2. Disbelief to the justice of Allah.


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Imam Ghazali said , a muslim is allowed to have the feelingof dislike towards a non muslim or wicked muslim whogain goodness and use the goodness for evil purpose.

But, a muslim must hate the the person and not thegoodness achieved by him because all goodness are fromallah.


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Imam Ghazali said, it is permissible when we do not wishthat the goodness/ gift will be taken away from him. Butthe godness gifts may be bestowed on you too. This isemulation ( ghibtah) or competition (al- munafasah)

To have competition is lawful, rather it is commendable. Itis an effort towards further progress and advancement.


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The hasid is not in favor of removing the gifts from aperson, but hopping to be similar with the envied.

The hasid is not in favor of removing the gifts from a

person, but hoping to be similar with the envied. However,if he doesnt get the gifts similar to envied, then he willhope for the removal of the gifts from the envied.

The hasid hopes for the removal of the gifts from aperson because he wants the gifts.

The hasid for the removal of the gifts from a personalthough the gifts are not transferred to him.( theworst hasad)


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and from the michief of the envious one as he

practices envyal-falaq 5


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1. Al-adawah wa al-baghdha ( enmity and hatred)

2. Al-taazzuz ( the sense of one supremacy)

3. Al-kibr (pride)

4. Al-taajjub (to express wonder)5. Hubb al-riyyah wa thulab al-jab ( greed of name

and power)

6. Khutbah al-nafs ( viciousness of nature)


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1. Hasad of iblis towards prophet adam2. Hasad of qabil towards habil

3. Hasad of brothers of prophet yusuf towards him


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Knowledge1. Know that hasid(envious person) they will lose his rank

with Allah and will not be able to prevent the person heenvied from receiving the blessing Allah.

2. Know that in the hereafter, the envy will mahsudespecially if it results in backbiting or slandering as thegood deeds will be assigned to the mahsud.

3. Know that the favours of mahsud are bestowed by Allahand that is His gift.


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Action1. Praise the mahsud and pray for him abundantly.

2. Be kind and affectionate to the mahsud to cure yourself

the envy inside.3. Appreciate and respect the mahsud.


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Backbiting


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Backbitting(Ghibah)

Imam Al-Ghazzali define as:

To say anything bad to another aboutyour brothers which is true, in his absence,which he does not like

About one`s imperfections and faults the hewould dislike :BodyReligious practice

Physical appearanceMoral characterWealth, parent, children, smiles andanything that pertains him


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3 manifestation of backbiting

According to Hasan al-Basri:Backbiting(Ghibah)

To say something that is true about a person

Slander(al-Buhtan)To say what is not true about a person

False narration(tale-telling)(al-Namimah)To say something that one has heard about the other

Means of backbitingBackbiting not only by

speech it also can be by


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The Prohibition of backbiting

Al-QuranO believers! Avoid immoderate suspicion;for,in

some cases,suspicion is a sin. Do not spy on oneanother, nor backbite one another. Would any ofyou like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Surelyyou abhor it. Fear Allah; for Allah is the Accepter ofrepentance, Merciful.(49:12)

HadithOn the authority of Anas(r.d) who reported that the

Messenger of Allah had said: When I was ascended

with (to the heavan), I passed by a community ofpeople scratching their faces and chests with theircopper nails, I asked: Jibril, who are those? Heanswered: Those are who eat the flesh of peopleand assault their honour


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Causes of backbiting

AngerPeer pressure

Shaking off one`s own guilty feeling

Freeing oneself from guilty by attributing toother

Boasting(pride): desire to exalt one`s selfby degrading others

Hatred

Jest and play

Enmity and envy


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Causes related to religious men

When he express the fault even only onefault

Sympathy for the person backbitten butonly when mentioning names

Express anger for Allah`s sake on anybodymentioning his name


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How to prevent backbiting

According to Imam Al-GhazzaliPrevent from any vices = combination of knowledge andaction

KnowledgeCultivate fear of Allah and sense of shame before Allah

To encourage to repent

ActionTry to not speak about other

Stay away from those who backbite

Si i h b kbi i i


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Situation where backbiting ispermissible

Narrating the faults of another in a trial

Eg: complain against another of an injustice

Seeking assistant in changing one`s evil

deedEg: to change his evil acts and to bring him to the

right path

Seeking legal decision

Eg : narrating the deeds to seek legal decision


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Warning Muslims of the evil andadvising the against it

Saving other MuslimsOther perspective :-Declaring someone unreliable

-Narrating the fault of an innovator

-giving information (eg marriage)

Identifying a person by a well knownsurnameEg : calling surname to identifying the person

Disclosing a person`evil acts orinnovation which are done publicy andopenly

Mentioning wicked man


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DEFINITION LITERAL

Custom, habit, etiquette, manner of conduct and good manner.

TECHNICAL

-Adopted by Islam.-Manners are an integral part of Islam.

-Etiquette and manners were very and different to the Jahiliyya ways

of Mecca.


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ADAB OF SOCIALIZING BETWEEN MEN AND

WOMEN

THE OPINIONS OF DR YUSUF AL-QARADHAWI REGARDING TOTHE ISSUE OF MIXING BETWEEN SEXES.

1. Both parties should adhere to lowering the gaze.

-No lustful look should exist. (Surah An-Nur, 24:30-31)

2. A Muslim woman should observe the Muslim code of dressing.

3. General morality should be adhered to.

4. No man and woman are allowed to be together in a place where

no other males exist.

5. All these contacts are not to be given loose rein.


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ADAB OF DISAGREEMENTTHE MEANING AND NATURE OF IKHTILAF

The Arabic term denotes taking a different position or coursefrom that of another person either in opinion, utterance, or action.

The related word is from the same root as means difference, disagreement, or even conflict.


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ADAB (ETHICS) OF DISAGREEMENT

1. Sincerity

2. Patience

3. Tolerance and Mercy

4. Wisdom

5. Give sincere nasihah (advise)

SOME PRACTICES OF ADAB OF DISAGREEMENT

1. In time of Rasulullah2. After the death of Prophet

3. Differences over the Prophets burial

4. The successor of the Prophet

5. Sayyiduna Umar and Sayyiduna Ali

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