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All users—seasoned veterans and brand new users—had a beginning. Getting back to our roots, there are many basic tools we can use to help us create some custom 3D objects. Let’s go over a few solid editing techniques that will either launch your AutoCAD career or brush up on those old skills. Let’s see what the Union, Subtract, Intersect, Extrude Faces, Slice, and Shell commands have to offer us. Let’s start by going over some basic 3D modeling techniques. Union, Subtract, and Intersect are the three common commands used when creating custom 3D models. You can find these tools either by typing in their full name in the command line, by using their outofthebox shortcuts, or by creating your own custom commands. The outofthe box shortcut commands are Union = UN, Subtract = SU, and Intersect = IN. Start by drawing a 3D box with these properties: Length = 12”, Width = 12”, and Height = 12”. Also, draw a cylinder with these properties: Diameter = 6” and Height = 24”. Then take the base of the cylinder and place it on top of the box, directly in the center. Now perform the Union command and select both the box and the cylinder. As you will see, you now have a 3D solid object that is the combination of the cylinder and the box. If you press and hold CTRL, you can use the “filter select” command to select the box or cylinder if you want to change the properties of that object while it is still in its combined form. Give it a try. Hold CTRL down and select the box. Change the length of it to 24” and then exit out. You still have your single 3D solid but the shape of the box has the 24” length property. This filter selecting technique comes in very handy when creating 3D objects when you want to change properties of basic shapes versus starting over again. (/images/uploads/article_images/Chris_AlexanderAW021309.jpg) Let’s work with the Subtract command now. Once again, create a box and cylinder with the same properties as the ones we created for the Union command. Now, place the center of the cylinder directly in the center of the box overall. Using the Subtract command, select the box first, hit enter, select the cylinder second, and then hit enter again. You have just taken the part of the cylinder that passes through the box and subtracted it from the box, leaving a void. Using the filter selection technique from before, you can still change the properties of each entity without having to start over with your 3D object. JOIN AUGI TODAY Become part of the largest Autodesk community (http://www.augi.com/account/register/) Chris Alexander Chris Alexander lives in Bay Area in California. He works for one of the top electrical contractors in the nation as a BIM Lead. He started out as an electrical worker and has been working with 3D for the last five years. He is fluent in AutoCAD, AutoCAD MEP, Navisworks Manage, and Maya. In his off time, he enjoys learning new techniques for 3D modeling and keeping up with new 3D modeling techniques/programs. When he is not involved with 3D, he can be found in many endurance races throughout the nation, pushing his body to ultimate extremes. Running beyond 50 miles is his specialty to show how far one can push beyond limits and that anything is possible when you put your mind to it. 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Home (http://www.augi.com) » Library (http://www.augi.com/library) » Basic 3D Object Tools for EveryUser

Basic 3D Object Tools for Every UserApril 2nd, 2013

There is one thing for certain in the world of AutoCAD®. All users—seasoned veteransand brand new users—had a beginning. Getting back to our roots, there are manybasic tools we can use to help us create some custom 3D objects. Let’s go over a fewsolid editing techniques that will either launch your AutoCAD career or brush up onthose old skills.  Let’s see what the Union, Subtract, Intersect, Extrude Faces, Slice,and Shell commands have to offer us.

Let’s start by going over some basic 3D modeling techniques.  Union, Subtract, andIntersect are the three common commands used when creating custom 3D models. You can find these tools either by typing in their full name in the command line, byusing their out­of­the­box shortcuts, or by creating your own custom commands.  Theout­of­the box shortcut commands are Union = UN, Subtract = SU, and Intersect = IN.

Start by drawing a 3D box with these properties: Length = 12”, Width = 12”, and Height= 12”.  Also, draw a cylinder with these properties: Diameter = 6” and Height = 24”. Then take the base of the cylinder and place it on top of the box, directly in the center. Now perform the Union command and select both the box and the cylinder.  As youwill see, you now have a 3D solid object that is the combination of the cylinder and thebox.  If you press and hold CTRL, you can use the “filter select” command to select thebox or cylinder if you want to change the properties of that object while it is still in itscombined form.  Give it a try.  Hold CTRL down and select the box.  Change the lengthof it to 24” and then exit out.  You still have your single 3D solid but the shape of thebox has the 24” length property.  This filter selecting technique comes in very handywhen creating 3D objects when you want to change properties of basic shapes versusstarting over again. 

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Let’s work with the Subtract command now.  Once again, create a box and cylinderwith the same properties as the ones we created for the Union command.  Now, placethe center of the cylinder directly in the center of the box overall.  Using the Subtractcommand, select the box first, hit enter, select the cylinder second, and then hit enteragain.  You have just taken the part of the cylinder that passes through the box andsubtracted it from the box, leaving a void.  Using the filter selection technique frombefore, you can still change the properties of each entity without having to start overwith your 3D object.

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Chris AlexanderChris Alexander livesin Bay Area inCalifornia. He worksfor one of the topelectrical contractorsin the nation as a BIMLead. He started out as an electricalworker and has been working with 3D forthe last five years. He is fluent inAutoCAD, AutoCAD MEP, NavisworksManage, and Maya.  In his off time, heenjoys learning new techniques for 3Dmodeling and keeping up with new 3Dmodeling techniques/programs.  Whenhe is not involved with 3D, he can befound in many endurance racesthroughout the nation, pushing his bodyto ultimate extremes.  Running beyond50 miles is his specialty to show how farone can push beyond limits and thatanything is possible when you put yourmind to it.

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Now on to the Intersect command.  Create a box and cylinder with the sameproperties as you did in the Subtract section and place the cylinder in the samelocation.  Now, perform the Intersect command and select both the box and cylinder. Finishes by hitting enter and you will see that the new shape will be where the box andcylinder intersect, erasing anything else that does not.  As before, you can use thefilter selection technique to select each original entity and change their properties toupdate your new 3D object. 

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With enough practice, these three commands can help create any custom 3D objectyou want.  Using the filter selection technique allows you to change theproperties/position of the 3D entity you used to create the custom objects withouthaving to redo/start over.  Try using them and see what kinds of custom things you cancome up with.  Over time, these will become second nature and there will be no limiton what you can create. 

Another really helpful 3D editing tool is the Slice tool.  With Slice, you can take 3Dobjects and slice them in different ways and angles to create new 3D objects.  To usethe Slice command, you can either type it out in the command box, use the out of thebox shortcut (slice = SL), or create your own.

Start by drawing a 3D box with these properties: Length = 12”, Width = 12”, and Height= 12”.  Now type Slice in the command box and select the 3D box that you created. Select the lower left­hand corner of the box and then select the upper right­handcorner of the box.  Before you hit enter, look at the command line.  It will give you theoption to either keep both sides of the object or to select a point on the desired side ofthe object to keep.  For now, keep it at both.  Hit enter to complete the command andyou will now have two separate 3D objects in the form of a 3D triangle. 

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There are a few different ways to use the Slice tool.  The previous way described isthe most common way to use it in 3D editing.  If you perform Slice and select yourobject, you can look down at your command bar and see the various ways you couldslice your 3D object.  For example, slice in the XY axis, YZ axis, ZX axis.  Let’s do afew different examples of this.  Start with your original box as before.  Perform theSlice command and select your box.  In the command box type in “ZX” and then hitenter.  Select the center point on the left side of the box and then the center point onthe right side of the box.  Hit enter to keep both sides.  As you can see, you have aslice right down the middle of the box from left to right.  If you were to use the “ZX”Slice command and then select two points in the YZ axis, the slice command will notperform.  Once again, create a box as before and this time slice it using the “YZ”command.  As you can see, you will have to select points in the Y and Z axis in orderfor this to work. 

With the Slice command, you can further edit your custom 3D object by slicing it invarious different ways.  This becomes useful when you want to slice the object into twodifferent parts, but want to keep the same shape of the original object just beyond the

Page 4: Basic 3D Object Tools for Every User _ AUGI

slice point, or if you want to delete just one side of the object.

Extrude Faces is a useful tool when you want to take a face of a 3D object andextrude it to a specific value.  You can even apply a taper to the face that you want. Let’s try it.

Create a 3D box with these properties: Length = 24”, Width = 24”, and Height = 24”andthen type “SOLIDEDIT” into the command box. Then type “F” into the command boxand hit enter.  This will give you the option to select one of the faces of the box.  Typein “E” to select the extrude faces command and then select the right face of the box(make sure you are in an isometric view).  In the command box, type in 18” to specifythe distance in which the face will be extruded and hit enter.  The command box willnow prompt you to add a taper into the face, but for now just leave it at 0.  Hit enteragain to complete the command and you will see your face of the box will now grow by18”.

(/images/uploads/article_images/Chris_Alexander­AW­0213­06.jpg)

With the Extrude Faces tool, you can take one or more faces and extrude them with aspecific distance that you specify. This comes in handy when dealing with morecomplex objects that have multiple faces when you just want to extrude one facewithout affecting any other face on the object.

The Shell command is a useful tool that will take a 3D object and hollow it out to adetermined thickness specified by you.  Let’s try a few examples.

Create a 3D box with these properties: Length = 12”, Width = 12”, and Height = 12”andthen type “SOLIDEDIT” into the command box.  Then type “B” into the command boxand hit enter.  This will give you the option to select the body of the box.  Type in “S” toselect the Shell command and then select the box.  Hit enter and then give your “shelloffset distance” a distance of 1”.  Hit enter to complete the command and what you willsee is that your box now has been hollowed out with a thickness of 1”. 

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You could bypass typing “SOLIDEDIT” by selecting your Shell command off the Toolribbon in the Solids Editing menu.  If you wanted to remove one or more faces of thebox while performing the shell command, all you have to do is select one or morefaces when prompted and then that face selected will be deleted from the shellcommand.  Let’s try an example of this.

Perform the Shell command as described earlier all the way up to selecting the box,but do not hit enter after selecting the box.  If you look down into your command box,you will see it prompt you to remove faces.  Make sure your view is isometric andselect the upper face of the box.  If the command removed the faces successfully, thecommand box will display this message – “1 face found, 1 removed.”  Now hit enter to

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give your box a “shell offset distance” of 1” and to complete the command.  You willsee that your box now has been hollowed out with a thickness of 1” and the top of thebox has been removed, creating an open box. 

You can use this tool to create hollow 3D objects that are either closed completely orhave one/more faces removed creating an open 3D object. 

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ConclusionThese are some of the basic editing tools you will encounter when editing 3D objectsin AutoCAD. By using the Union, Subtract, and Intersect commands, you can workwith multiple 3D objects to combine, subtract, or take a combination of the two objects,resulting in a newly created object.  The Slice command allows you to edit your 3Dobject further by slicing it in different angles/ways.  With the Extrude Faces tool, youcan select one or more faces to extrude out without affecting other faces of the object. You can even add a taper to the face of the object.  Once you have your 3D object oreven just a part of it, you can use the shell command to hollow it out with a pre­determined thickness. As I stated before, with practice you can use these basiccommands to make some very advanced custom 3D objects.

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