barcode and fish diversity in amazonia: the case of the electric fish tribe steatogenini...
TRANSCRIPT
BARCODE AND FISH DIVERSITY IN AMAZONIA: THE BARCODE AND FISH DIVERSITY IN AMAZONIA: THE CASE OF THE ELECTRIC FISH TRIBE STEATOGENINICASE OF THE ELECTRIC FISH TRIBE STEATOGENINI
Alves-Gomes, J. A. & Schmitt, R.Laboratory of Behavioral Physiology
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Brazil
ABBI and FISH-BOL Neotropical Working Group MeetingBuenos Aires, March 14-16, 2007
Anotophysi Otophysi
Ostariophysi
Cypriniformes Characiformes Siluriformes GymnotiformesGonorhynchiformes
Series
Superorder
GYMNOTIFORM’S ELECTROGENIC AND ELECTROSENSORY SYSTEMS (EES)
GYMNOTIFORMES
6
PU
LS
E T
YP
E
ELECTROPHORIDAE
RHAMPHICHTHYIDAE
HYPOPOMIDAE
GYMNOTIDAE
A. Batistella, 2003
R. Bernhard, 2003 LFC - 2002
LFC - 2002
WA
VE T
YP
E
R. Bernhard, 2003http://www.amazonian-fish.co.uk/indexster.html
http://www.amazonian-fish.co.uk/indexster.html
EIGENMANNIDAE
STERNOPYGIDAE APTERONOTIDAE
ELECTRIC ORGAN DISCHARGES (EODs)
EODs are species specificEODs are species specific
Crampton & Hopkins 2005
HypopygusSteatogenys
Distocyclus
ArcholaemusEigenmannia
SternarchorhamphusOrthosternarchus
SternarchellaSternarchogiton
AdontosternarchusA. leptorhynchus
A. albifrons
Rhabdolichops
BrachyhypopomusMicrosternarchus
RhamphichthysGymnorhamphichthys
Sternopygus
Electrophorus
Gymnotus
Eigenmanniidae
Apteronotidae
Hypopomidae
Ordem Siluriformes
Sternopygidae
ElectrophoridaeGymnotidae
FamilyGenera
Rhamphichthyidae
Phylogeny of Gymnotiformes
Steatogenini
Hypopygus lepturusHoedeman 1962
Steatogenys elegans
Steatogenys duidae
Steatogenini until the early 90’s
Nijssen & Isbrüker 1972
Color patterns in Hypopygus
Hypopygus neblinaeMago-Leccia 1994
Hypopygus lepturusHoedeman 1962
Steatogenys
Steatogenini during the 90’s
Hypopygus neblinaeMago-Leccia 1994
Hypopygus lepturusHoedeman 1962
Stegostenopos cryptogenesTriques 1997
Steatogenys
Steatogenini during the 90’s / today
Phylogeography in the rio Negro Basin
STUDY AREA – COLLECTION SITES
(Fonte: SigLab, Imagem de Satélite – Mr. Sid)
Iru
rab
iIb
ará
Ca
rab
ixi
Ja
rad
i
Ma
ba
rrá
Iah
á
Qu
imic
uri
Ad
uiá
21a
8eR. Bernhard, 2004
Steatogenys sp.
Hypopygus lepturus
Stegostenopos cryptogenes
R. Bernhard, 20048a
DNA ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES:
• Maximum Parsimony (MP)
• Maximum Likelihood (ML)
• Distance
RAG 1
D
AC
D
Steatogenys
H. lepturus
RAG 1
MP/ML/DistStegostenopus
Hypopygus neblinae
12S16S Strict of
ML/MP/Dist
A
C
ED
H. neblinae
Stegostenopus
Steatogenys
H. l
eptu
rus
DE
H. neblinae
S. elegans
H.
lep
turu
s
D-loop MP/HKY85/ML 2781
2845
2876
2885
2792
2791
D-loop MP/ML/Dist
-Is COI a good gene to detect Is COI a good gene to detect the variation in electric fish?the variation in electric fish?
- Can we BARCODE them?- Can we BARCODE them?
Eigenmannia sp.
COI - BARCODE MP
H. l
eptu
rus
A2781
2845
C 2792
2791
D
E
H. neblinae
Stegostenopus
Final considerationsFinal considerations- The Amazon fish biodiversity has been historically The Amazon fish biodiversity has been historically
underestimated; underestimated; - COI can detect the intra- and inter-specific variation in COI can detect the intra- and inter-specific variation in
Steatogenini;Steatogenini;- Therefore, COI appears to be an efficient marker for Therefore, COI appears to be an efficient marker for
electric fish species identification: we can BARCODE electric fish species identification: we can BARCODE electric fish;electric fish;
- The link between a padronized method (Barcode), The link between a padronized method (Barcode), biological collections and data management can biological collections and data management can benefit our general knowledge about biodiversity;benefit our general knowledge about biodiversity;
- BARCODE can be a important tool for biodiversity and BARCODE can be a important tool for biodiversity and conservation issues;conservation issues;
- CNPq funds for a project to barcode electric fish.CNPq funds for a project to barcode electric fish.
Irurabi
Ibará
Carabixi
Jaradi
Quimicuri
Aduiá
Mabarrá
Iahá
Quimicuri Mabarrá Carabixi Irurabi Ibará Jaradí Iahá Aduia
A 3 4 12 7 18 20 3 7 74
B 0 3 0 8 3 0 6 0 20
C 18 7 1 0 0 1 0 14 41
Total 21 14 13 15 21 21 9 21 135
LocalidadeLinhagem Total
49