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Items with a reviewer byline (coded R) are bAMR’s corps of dedicated outside volunteer rviewers. AMR will attempt to get critical reviewof all relevant textbooks, reference works, anmonographs. Items without a reviewer bylin(coded N) are prepared by AMR in-house staand are largely based on material such asbook’s table of contents and editor’s prefaceforeword. In the interest of timeliness, most coference proceedings and multi-author contributed volumes will receive descriptive notes in thfashion. Books deemed to be somewhat perieral to AMR’s basic scope may simply be listeby title. Also listed by title when first received arbooks under review.@DOI: 10.1115/1.1483340#

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!I. FOUNDATIONS &BASIC METHODS

7R1. Fundamentals of ComputationalFluid Dynamics. - H Lomax (Deceased),TH Pulliam (NASA Ames Res Center, Mofett Field CA 94035),DW Zingg (Inst forAerospace Stud, Univ of Toronto, 4925 Duferin St, Toronto, ON, M3H 5T6, CanadaSpringer-Verlag, Berlin. 2001. 249 ppISBN 3-540-41607-2. $49.95.

Reviewed by TA Kowalewski (CenterMech and Info Tech, IPPT PAN, Inst oFund Res, Polish Acad of Sci, Swetokrzyska 21, Rm 211, Warsaw, PL 00-04Poland).

The book provides an elementary tutoripresentation on computational methodsfluid mechanics. The authors intend thbook to serve as a survey of mathematicfundamentals which provide foundation fothe computational fluid dynamics. As a result of this focus, the book is suitable astextbook for a first course in CFD. The underlying philosophy of the authors is thathe theory of linear algebra provides a basmathematical framework for understandinnumerical methods. Hence, the materpresented emphasizes fundamental ccepts of numerical methods in which thpartial differential equations are reducedordinary differential equations, and finallto the difference equations, ie, to the linesystem of algebraic equations.

The book begins with an outline of thbasic equations. The authors leading cocept is to explain fundamentals of CFD othe basis of simplemodelequations, isolat-ing physical characteristics of the compleset of equations. Therefore, after a brief itroduction to the Euler and Navier-Stokeequations, the two basic models are dcussed in more details: diffusion and covection equations. In the following chaptethe concept of finite-difference approximation to partial derivatives is explained. Thbasic issues in constructing differencinschemes for solving partial differentia

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equations using matrix operators are giveThe Fourier error analysis is applied to etimate the accuracy of a finite-differencscheme. An extensive discussion of the dference operators at boundaries is exempfied for two selected model equations, linear convection and diffusion. The twstrategies for obtaining finite-difference approximation for time dependent problemare discussed using the basic concept ofbiconvection and diffusion model equations, with fundamental analysis of propeties of solutions expressed in real aneigenspace.

In Chapter 5, the reader finds the basicsfinite-volume approximation and the discussion on advantages of using integrform of the model equations. The next twchapters describe, in detail, the theory aimplementation of time-marching discretzation methods, including their stability anthe accuracy analysis. Chapter 8 gives seeral practical hints for applying timemarching methods to the specific problemThe concept of the numerical stiffnessused to classify stability of particular discrete approximation. This chapter can bvery valuable for the end users of CFmethods, helping them to select approprianumerical approach to the physical problestudied. In principle, the first eight chaptemay appear to be sufficient to explain thbasic mathematics of CFD modeling. Ththree chapters following them form a practical handbook of different CFD approaches, describing methodology for dsigning, analyzing, and choosing timemarching methods. The description oproperties and applications of several clasical relaxation methods gives good introduction to iterative techniques acceleratinsolution of large systems of equations. Itfollowed by a very brief description of theidea of constructing multigrid computational domain. The important problem onumerical dissipation is elucidated for fewtypical schemes in Chapter 11. The last twchapters present and analyze split and fatored algorithms.

The book is well written and well organized. It can be easily adopted as a textbofor senior or graduate students studying nmerical methods of fluid mechanics. Pratice exercises are provided at the endeach chapter, some of them expecting treader to write his own computer codeThis reviewer would regardFundamentalsof Computational Fluid Dynamicsas essen-tial to anyone planning to use CFD modeing. The emphasis of the book is on undestanding basic mathematics underlying tdiscretization ideology. However, this boois not a practical handbook of numerica

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methods. The emphasis of the book is othe mathematical aspects of CFD with limited attention on the physics of the problems solved. Therefore, inexperienced reaers may have difficulties in applyingknowledge gained here to construct theown codes for solving practical problems ofluid mechanics.

7R2. Mechanical Behavior of Engineer-ing Materials, Volume 1: Static andQuasi-Static Loading. -YM Haddad(Deptof Mech Eng, Univ of Ottawa, Ottawa, ONCanada). Kluwer Acad Publ, Dordrecht,Netherlands. 2000. 426 pp. ISBN 0-79236355-8. $210.00.

Reviewed by J-C Roegiers (Rock MeInst, Univ of Oklahoma, Sarkeys EnergCenter, Ste P119C, 100 E Boyd, NormaOK 73019-0628).

This book can be considered as a soreference book containing most of the cocepts of static~and quasi-static! mechanics.As such, it first introduces the fundamentaof material behavior, discussing its response and providing data interpretatiorules. In his ‘‘Introduction,’’ the author setsthe stage by clearly differentiating the varous loading rates and their effects on thmaterial response. He also explains whyis preferable to use tensorial calculus whstudying the mechanics of deformable mdia. Both Cartesian as well as curvilineatensors are introduced in Chapter 1 and Apendix A, respectively. The reader is theexposed to the next logical topics of streand strains, fundamental concepts in Chaters 2 and 3. Basic assumptions and coventions are clearly stated; the continuumechanics principles such as conservatiand continuity are also introduced. It shoube pointed out that at the end of each chater, the author has given a number of eample problems with their solutions as weas some additional exercises. In addition,has provided recommended further readilists. Chapter 3 also introduces the readerkinematics via sequential configurations.

In Chapter 4, the author critically reviewthe fundamental thermodynamics concepemphasizing the assumptions and limittions. In addition, Chapter 5 discusses thvarious material behaviors. Hence, the firfive chapters, which constitutes more tha50% of this book, provide the proper foundation for the remainder of the chapters.

Elastic response material is dealt with firin Chapter 6 from a classical elasticity poinof view, both linear as well as nonlineaThe book contains a few classical examples. Unfortunately, this chapter does ncontain any example problems or exerciseInelastic and time-dependent deformatio

2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers

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are introduced in Chapter 7. Both strahardening and elasto-plastic modeling acovered in detail. At the end of the chaptethe author also discusses in some decreep and relaxation, emphasizing the timdependent behavior of some modern mamade materials, such as high polymers acomposites. Finally, Chapter 8 covers thvisco- and thermovisco-elasticity.

As already mentioned earlier, the threappendices provide the reader with sommathematical background required to bable to follow some of the complex derivations. This is rather useful as the readernot obliged to refer to other mathematicbooks.

7R3. Random Heterogeneous Materi-als: Microstructure and MacroscopicProperties. - S Torquato(Dept of Chem,Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton Univ, Princeton NJ 08544). Springer-Verlag, NewYork. 2002. 701 pp. ISBN 0-387-95167-9$69.95.

Reviewed by HW Haslach Jr (Dept oMech Eng, Univ of Maryland, College ParMD 20742-3035).

Random heterogeneous materials athose composed of randomly distributephases or different material domains suas composites or materials with voids. Thvarious domains forming the microstructuhave macroscopic properties because thare larger than molecules. A major probleis to develop a rigorous method of charaterizing the microstructure. Probabilitfunctions are used to describe the variomicrostructures, whether heterogeneohomogeneous, isotropic, etc. A canonicn-point correlation function provides a unfied means to describe arbitrary microstrutures. The presentation is restricted to mcrostructures which are independenttime.

Several idealized models of the microstructure are presented. In a hard sphmodel, the ill-defined idea of randomlclosed packed spheres is replaced bywell-defined idea of a maximally randomjammed configuration. The degree of peetrability and the distribution of radii of thespheres are adjusted to represent differtypes of microstructure. Anisotropy is modeled with ellipsoidal or cylindrical inclu-sions. Some hierarchical laminates have otimal transport properties. Foams or sombiological materials are better modeled bthe space-filling cell structures describePercolation is modeled using the ideaclusters, a connected group of the randoelements.

The Monte Carlo method is used to produce both equilibrium and non-equilibriumrealizations of random media. The idea isgenerate a random microstructure and thstudy its properties. An appendix listsFORTRAN program to create an equilibrium configuration of uniform hard disks.

The second part of the book studies trelation of the bulk effective properties t

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the microstructure of a random heterogneous material. The probability characteizations of the microstructure given in thfirst part are used to compute the effectibulk properties in the four different areas oconduction, elasticity, trapping, and flow iporous media. The study is generally rstricted to ergodic two-phase random mdia. In each case, a local linear constitutimodel is assumed, as is local statistical hmogeneity. The focus is on steady-state bhavior. The resulting elasticity theory pemits definition of linear viscoelasticitythrough the correspondence principle.

Processes are represented by averagedhomogenized, partial differential equationThe averaging requires two length scaleone for the microstructure and one for thbulk material. Generally, the responsecomposed of a slow component due to tglobal scale including the applied loads ana fast component due to the microstructuThe averaging is carried out subject to coservation relations.

Variational principles are used to bounthe values of the properties, which in geeral cannot be computed exactly. Excetions are some periodic microstructures, tHashin-Shtrikman isotropic dispersion ospheres, or the hierarchical laminateSingle inclusion problems are solved anused to estimate the dependence of efftive properties on volume fraction and inclusion shape. Trial fields to determinbounds on the properties, using the vartional principles, are developed for the fouclasses of example effective properties. Tresults of the first part of the book are useto compute the bounds in two-phase radom heterogeneous materials. The boends by examining the problem of detemining one effective property from infor-mation about others.

This book is part of an Applied Math-ematics series, and it primarily concerns tmathematical analysis of random structureThis work can serve as a foundation fothose who wish to design random heterogneous structures with specified bulk propeties. A major contribution of the book is toclearly and rigorously explain the statisticacharacterization of the microstructure othese materials as a foundation for aanalysis of effective properties. This theorat least to the extent developed in this booonly produces linear models for the bulproperties of solids; nonlinear behaviornot covered.

The intended interdisciplinary audiencegraduate students and researchers in fiesuch as applied mathematics, physicchemistry, materials science, engineeringeology, and biology. The suggested prrequisites are the basics of probability, sttistical mechanics, advanced calculus, acontinuum mechanics. The author’s statattempt to avoid technical jargon is largesuccessful. An extensive reference listprovided. Random Heterogeneous Materals: Microstructure and Macroscopic Prop

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7N4. Multi-Dimensional Complex VariableBoundary Element Method. Topics in Engi-neering Series, Vol 40.- T Hromadka(IntegralConsultants). WIT Press, Southampton, UK2002. 243 pp. ISBN 1-85312-908-9. $137.00.

The Complex Variable Boundary ElemenMethod~CVBEM! is a numerical technique useful in developing approximations of boundarvalue problems involving the Laplace and Poison partial differential equations. Because tCVBEM is based upon the Cauchy integral therem of complex variables, it has so far been limited to 2D geometry applications. In this bookthe geometry barrier is removed as the authextends the CVBEM to solving 3D problems.

The text features a detailed overview of thCVBEM, as well as details of its developmeninto three- and higher-dimensional geometries.computer program listing and several applicatioproblems are also included.

7N5. Transformation of Domain Effects tothe Boundary. Advances in Boundary ElementSeries, Vol 14.- Edited by YF Rashed(WessexInst of Tech, Southampton, UK).WIT Press,Southampton, UK. 2002. 330 pp. ISBN 1-85312896-1. $167.00.

Describing methods for the transformation othe domain integrals to the boundary, this booincludes both analytical and numerical techniques. The analytical methods featured incluparticular solutions, Green Integrals and the Mutiple Reciprocity Method, while the numericatechniques reviewed include developments in tDual Reciprocity Method, advanced type of basfunctions, and others. Applications covered ranfrom anisotropic materials and plates to piezelectric problems.

7N6. Underlying Principles of the BoundaryElement Method. - D Cartwright (BucknellUniv). WIT Press, Southampton, UK. 2001. 29pp. ISBN 1-85312-839-2. $149.00.

Providing a unified introduction to the underlying ideas of the Boundary Element Metho~BEM!, this book places emphasis on the priciples of the method rather than its numericimplementation. Mathematics, when used, is eplained in context while mathematical detaithat might otherwise obscure the text are cotained in appendices. The author includes maworked examples to reinforce understandinwhile, to aid practice, trial problems are alsgiven in each chapter. Another feature is the agorithmic approach to the derivation of the governing equations which enables readers newthe BEM to make more rapid progress.

Adaptive Meshing with Boundary Elements.Topics in Engineering, Vol 41.- JC Miranda-Valenzuela(ITESM Campus Toluca, Mexico)andKH Muci-Kuchler (Univ of Detroit Mercy, De-troit MI 48219). WIT Press, Southampton, UK2002. 293 pp. ISBN 1-85312-888-0. $169.0~Under review!

Boundary Element Programming in Me-chanics. - Xiao-Wei Gao (Dept of Mech andAerospace Eng, Arizona State Univ, Tempe Aand TG Davies(Glasgow Univ, UK). CambridgeUP, Cambridge, UK. 2002. 254 pp.~CD-Rom in-cluded!. ISBN 0-521-77359-8. $69.95.~Underreview!

Computational Fluid Dynamics. - TJChung(Dept of Mech and Aerospace Eng, Unof Alabama, Huntsville AL). Cambridge UP,Cambridge, UK. 2002. 1012 pp. ISBN 0-52159416-2. $95.00.~Under review!

Mechanical and Thermodynamical Model-ing of Fluid Interfaces. Advances in Mathemat-ics for Applied Sciences Series, Vol 58.-

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R Gatignol and R Prud’homme(Lab de Modeli-sation en Mecanique, Univ Pierre et Marie Curi& CNRS, France). World Sci Publ, Singapore2001. 248 pp. ISBN 981-02-4305-7. $58.0~Under review!

Mesomechanical Constitutive Modeling.Ad-vances in Mathematics for Applied Sciences Sries, Vol 55.- V Kafka (Inst of Theor and ApplMech, Acad of Sci, Czech Republic). World SciPubl, Singapore. 2001. 225 pp. ISBN 981-04485-1. $58.00.~Under review!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!II. DYNAMICS &VIBRATION

7R7. Advanced Dynamics. -RB Bhat(Concordia Univ, Montreal, Canada)andRV Dukkipati (Sch of Eng, Fairfield Univ,Fairfield CT 06430-5195).Narosa Publ,New Delhi, India. Distributed in USA byCRC Press LLC, Boca Raton FL. 2001. 39pp. ISBN 0-8493-1018-0. $99.95.

Reviewed by M Pascal (Lab de Modelistion en Mec, Univ Pierre et Marie CurieTour 66, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris, 75252 Cdex 05, France).

The authors’ aim is to provide a textboogiving insight about the methods usedAnalytical Mechanics and which are relateto abstract concepts like generalized paraeters, virtual displacements, and variationprinciples. In contrast with other textbookthe authors did not assume that the baknowledge of kinematics and dynamicsfamiliar to the reader; the transition to thabstract presentation of the fundamenlaws of mechanics is performed very gradally. The result is a book involving altogether topics related to elementary bacgrounds ~suitable for first-year graduatstudents! about dynamics of particles anrigid bodies and advanced theoretical pa~useful for undergraduate senior students!.

The book involves 12 chapters, eachthem is followed by a list of references ana great amount of homework problems. Tfundamental laws of Mechanics are prsented in the first chapter. Only systemsparticles or plane motions of rigid bodieare considered in this chapter. Several toics ~kinematics of rigid bodies, radius ogyration, center of percussion...! are intro-duced, but some other basic concepts lGalileen frame, relative and absolute vlocities, Coriolis acceleration...are missinand will be presented only in ChapterThis reviewer is not convinced that this firschapter is very suitable. For first level students, a more detailed presentationneeded, and for senior students, all theconcepts are known.

Chapter 2 deals with more interesting toics such as generalized coordinates, clasfication of constraints, virtual works principle, and generalized forces. However,this part, only systems of particles are cosidered, and the fundamental distinction btween external and internal forces is not uderlined. Several elementary concepts apresented in Chapters 3 and 4, like potent


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and kinetics energies, linear and angumomentum vectors, relative motions, antransformation of coordinates systems. TFoucault’s pendulum gives an interestinexample of these topics. In Chapter 5, aintroduction to Kepler’s laws and to orbitamotion is presented.

Chapter 6 deals with Lagrange equatiofor holonomic and non-holonomic systemFirst integrals are introduced for systemwith cyclic coordinates. A great amount oexamples are solved. The next two chapteare devoted to basic knowledges aboutertia tensors, principal axes of inertia andynamics of rigid bodies. As an examplethe motion of the spinning top is solved.

Chapter 9 presents variational methodHamilton’s and the least action principle arderived, together with Hamilton’s equations. Canonical transformations anHamilton-Jacobi equations are studiedChapter 10; Lagrange and Poisson brackare also introduced.

An interesting classification of dynamicsystems is given at the beginning of Chater 11, devoted to vibrations. Then the linear vibrations of single-degree-of-freedosystems are investigated. The forced vibrtions are also considered for harmonic aarbitrary excitation forces. For multidegree-of-freedom systems, usual modanalysis is presented for undamped adamped cases.

The last chapter provides an introductioto numerical methods. Several explicit animplicit numerical schemes are presentfor the integration of linear dynamical systems. An example of a non-linear systemthen solved by means of these numericmethods in order to underline the problemencountered in this case.

In conclusion, this reviewer thinks thathis book is without doubt very useful attime when many students, and even mascientists, think that Analytical Mechanicbelongs to the past. Several interesting eamples of the use of these methods mayfound in this book. In spite of rather numeous printing mistakes in the text, the boois clearly written with a lot of good qualityfigures. This reviewer thinks thatAdvancedDynamicscan be used by senior studenand also scientists involved in systems dnamics and interested in analytical methorather than numerical methods.

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7R8. Advances in the Theory of ShockWaves. Progress in Nonlinear DifferentiaEquations and Their Applications, Vol 47.-Edited by H Freistuhler(Max Planck Instfor Math in the Sci, Leipzig, 04103, Gemany) and A Szepessy(Dept of Math,Royal Inst of Tech, Stockholm, 100 44, Swden). Birkhauser Boston, Cambridge MA2001. 516 pp. ISBN 0-8176-4187-$79.95.

Reviewed by Y Horie (Los Alamos NaLab, Group X-7, MS D413, Los AlamoNM 87545).

The genesis of this book is the summschool for young specialists, organizedKochel am See, Germany in May 1999, aheld in the context of the European reseanetwork ‘‘Hyperbolic Systems of Conservations Laws.’’ The five articles in this booare related to lectures at the school andconcerned with themathematicaltheory ofshock waves. But, most of the articlesfar beyond the level of detail expected flecture notes. For example, articles bySmoller and B Temple, ‘‘Shock wave solutions of the Einstein equations: a genetheory with examples,’’ and by K Zumbrun‘‘Multidimensional stability of planar vis-cous shock waves,’’ are book length: 1and 208 pages, respectively, out of 5pages for the book. They are a comprehsive summation of their recent works. Thremaining three articles are ‘‘Wellposedness theory for hyperbolic systemsconservations laws’’~T-P Liu!, ‘‘Stability ofmultidimensional shocks’’~G Metivier!,and ‘‘Basic aspects of hyperbolic relaxatiosystems’’~W-A Yong!.

The book is primarily intended for specialists in mathematics and applied maematics in the theory of shock waves. Hoever, materials are not always academ~this characterization really dependsone’s interest and background!. Selectivetechnical applications are discussed, egYong and Zumbrun. Also, the Zumbrunsection on open problems is of interest evto the non-specialists. The book is obvously of interest to technical people. Ooutstanding example is the article by Smler and Temple where the primary interestshock wave solutions of the Einstein eqution. This is a very readable article even fnon-specialists and can be appreciated wintroductory graduate level backgroundgeneral relativity.

The book collects very exciting and unepected~according to the editors! develop-ments in the field. Me´tivier discusses thestability problem for multidimensional inviscid shock waves in a novel treatmethrough use of paradifferential calculus. Lintroduces new entropy~distance! function-als for consideration of the L1 well-posedness of conservation systems. Thfunctionals compare solutions to differedata by direct reference to their wave struture. Yong provides a systematic descrtion of the fundamental properties of sytems with source terms divided by a sm

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parameter. He finds several basic structuconditions aiming at the existence ofwell-behaved limit as the parameter tento zero. Also, he demonstrates a first geeral theorem on the existence of a traveliwave solution. Zumbrun presents a comphensive treatment of shock stability for sytems including both multidimensional anregularizing effects based on the Evafunction technique. No simple summary othis article is adequate for the amountmaterials presented in it. The main contbution, by his own word, is to reduce thstudy of viscous shock stability to the studof generalized spectrum conditions: the fira purely ODE problem and the seconmainly linear algebraic. The latter, augmented with a viscous condition, is verifieas a necessary condition for stability, anfurnishes a myriad of examples of botmulti- and one-dimensional viscous instbility through the literature on inviscidshock dynamics. The former allows the nmerical detection of Poincare-Hopf or otheinteresting bifurcations not captured by inviscid analysis.

The article by Smoller and Temple oclasses of shock wave solutions to the Estein equations is exciting and provocativThe characterization by the editors thatconstitutes a whole new area of researchnot far from the truth. They looked at thquestion that many of us pondered abobut did not~or could not! do anything aboutit: that is, could the big bang be a shocwave? If so, what are the mathematical aphysical conditions that allow such an intepretation? It is provocative, because it ofers alternative views of the standard modfor cosmology—that there is a shock wavpresent at the leading edge of the univerIt is speculative in that it assumes a staoutside the shock wave~that is, outside theedge of the universe! and that ‘‘the space-time before the explosion occurred tooklong time getting into the pre-explosioconfiguration.’’ Plus, because of irreversibility in the shock, ‘‘it becomes impossibleto reconstruct the details of the early explsion from present data, at least at the levof the continuum model.’’

Because of the ‘‘expansive’’ article bySmoller and Temple, the book,Advances inthe Theory of Shock Waves, is recom-mended not only for the specialists in thmathematical theory of shock waves, balso those in cosmology as well as anyowhose thinking extends to the leading edof the universe.

7R9. Flow-Induced Vibration of Powerand Process Plant Components: A Prac-tical Workbook. - MK Au-Yang (Retired,Lynchburg VA).ASME, New York. 2001.479 pp. ISBN 0-7918-1066-7. $65.00.

Reviewed by RG Kirk (Dept of Mech EnRotor Dyn Lab, Virginia Tech, RandolpHall-Room 119, Blacksburg VA 24061).

The author has documented in this text hmany works and accomplishments in th


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important area of flow induced vibrationThis book has many positive features thmake it worthy of consideration for practicing engineers in the power industry. The athor has 33 years of experience, and the tis a credit to his understanding of the theoand analysis of self-excited instabilities ostructures in liquid flow fields. Many of theconcepts he has developed can be extento and be useful for design of verticapumps, vibrating pump impellers, cannemotors, and all other submerged structure

The book consists of 14 chapters; eachapter has a summary introduction and nmenclature section followed by a more indepth treatment of the various subjects. Tdouble use of some variables and othemissing from the nomenclature makesmore challenging to assure the proper intepretation of the equations. The first chaptwill be discussed at the end of this reviewAu-Yang presents a good discussion of knematics, vibrations, and acoustics in Chater 2 and structural dynamics in ChapterThe information is presented nicely anwith workable equations understood by egineers having a second course in vibrtions or modal analysis. The author triedreduce the mathematics in the text and gionly useable equations. However, manpracticing engineers may not routinely aply Bessel functions in simple solutionsbut it seems necessary to master the sjects of added hydraulic mass and dampicovered in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 was to simplify this, but the simple equations havterms that were not defined, and the eample uses yet other terminology. The dicussion of vortex-induced vibration inChapter 6 contains good discussion and eamples. Chapter 7 presents the critical vlocity for fluid-elastic instability of tubebundles which move back to higher mathpresent the theory. The next two chaptecover turbulence-induced vibration in paralel and cross-flow conditions. Chapter 1discusses axial flow-induced vibration witsome workable equations and then presea very nice discussion of leakage flowinduced vibration in pipes and valves. Thnext chapter discusses impact, fatigue, awear of tubes and includes what appearsbe simple equations and fatigue curves festimating potential concern for impacwear of vibrating tubes. Acoustically induced vibration and noise is coveredChapter 12 with workable equations, goodiscussion, and six case studies. The finchapter discusses signal analysis and dinostic techniques. A brief discussion of utrasonic, eddy-current, and Hall effectransducers plus motor current signatuanalysis concludes the text.

The previous comments have coverevery briefly and in most part, the content oChapters 2–13. This leaves only Chapterfor further comment. At first glance, thematerial presented was thought to be eactly what would be needed by a practicinengineer in any US-based industry. The d


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cussion of both SI and US units is, in facnecessary and required. What is neededthis chapter is a correct discussion of thconversion constant required for both Sand US units. Proper physical units are loin calculations if the conversion constanand units are not included. The author prsents what could be a workable procedubut there is an error on page four whereelectronic form of ASME steam table~1979! is quoted to give dynamic viscosityin units of lbf/sq.ft/second. This is obviously wrong, but on page 5 the table haunits of dynamic viscosity wrong in bothUS and SI system of units. Then on pag93, the units of dynamic viscosity appeacorrect, but the kinematic viscosity unitare now reported in error. Finally on pag130, the units for both are correct. Whilthe author indicated he was not going to ulbm , many examples are quoting what mube in fact lbm . Many engineers in US in-dustries still use lbm correctly. Proper appli-cation of English Engineering, EnglishGravitational, or US units and conversioconstants will help prevent such errors.

The influence of liquids on vibratingstructures is an area of research needeven more coverage and documentatithan what is included in this text. Overall,is very valuable that Au-Yang has documented his vast experience in this booFlow-Induced Vibration of Power and Process Plant Components: A Practical Worbook. The insight and discussions, including in particular the examples and casstudies, are reason enough to purchasebook.

7R10. Nonlinear Hyperbolic Waves inMulti-Dimensions. Monographs and Sur-veys in Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vo121. - P Prasad(Dept of Math, Indian Instof Sci, Bangalore, India).Chapman andHall/CRC, Boca Raton FL. 2001. 338 ppISBN 1-58488-072-4. $89.95.

Reviewed by Shi Tsan Wu (Dept of Meand Aerospace Eng, Univ of AlabamaSparkman Dr, Huntsville AL 35899).

In this book, the authors have discussthe propagation of a curved nonlineawavefront for the ordinary fluid dynamics~ie without considering magneto-fluids! ac-cording to two fundamental physical processes:i ! at different points of the wave-front, it travels with different speedsdepending on the local amplitude leadinga longitudinal stretching of rays; andi i ! alateral deviation of rays is produced duenon-uniform distribution of the amplitudeof the wave front.

This book consists of ten chapters. Thfirst three chapters introduce all necessamathematical concepts and some basicsults. For example, the fundamentalsnonlinear hyperbolic waves are given iChapter 1. In Chapter 2, the basic resultshyperbolic systems are presented. Thesesults include i ! discussion of hyperbolicsystem of first order equations in two inde


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pendent variables with a canonical forma system of linear and semi-linear equtions, andi i ! the hyperbolic system in morethan two variables together with propagtion of discontinuities of first order derivatives along rays is given. In Chapter 3, thresults for simple wave high frequency aproximation and ray theory are given. Spcifically, the Huygen’s method of wavefronconstruction, Huygen’s method and ratheory, and Fermat’s principle are discussin detail. The next seven chapters deal wspecifics of the wave propagation of nonlinear hyperbolic systems; the derivationweakly nonlinear ray theory~WNLRT! isgiven in Chapter 4.

The stability of solutions for one-dimensional weakly nonlinear wave propgation as well as waves in a multdimensional steady transonic flow nearsonic singularity are discussed in ChapterIn Chapter 6, a special case of WNLRT fopolytropic gas was presented in detail ftwo spatial dimensions. In Chapter 7, thauthors presented a single conservation lapproach to derive the compatibility condtions on a shock which is claimed as aNewTheory of Shock Dynamics~NTSC!. To es-tablish this NTSC, the authors presentproof of the existence and uniqueness of tsolution and made comparison of the nmerical results deduced from NTSD witthe exact solution which shows good agrement. Then, this NTSD is applied to a ondimensional piston problem to illustrate itcapabilities in Chapter 8. In Chapter 9, thauthors presented a derivation of the copatibility conditions on a shock in multi-dimensions using shock ray theory. Thenal Chapter 10 includes the applicationNTSD to the propagation of a curved weashock.

Overall, the book has three parts:i ! Thefirst three chapters have given all the neessary fundamental mathematical concepmodels and methods to calculate compleevolutionary history of a curved nonlineawave front consisting of shock front.i i !The detailed discussions of WNLRT anNTSD are presented in Chapters 4-8; ai i i ! the specific applications of shock ratheory and NTSD are given in Chaptersand 10, respectively.

In summary,Nonlinear Hyperbolic Wavesin Multi-Dimensionsincludes numerical ex-amples to illustrate theory, the quality of thgraphic is good and an adequate subjectdex is provided. The author has achievhis goal as a textbook for advanced undgraduate applied mathematics. However,could be used as a textbook for first yegraduate students in engineering and phics if the author had presented some prolems at the end of each chapter. This shobe able to be remedied by the instructoThis reviewer strongly recommends thscientists and engineers who are interesin these topics read this book; it would beuseful reference book.

: http://appliedmechanicsreviews.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/ on 03/07/2013 Terms of Use: http:/

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the diffraction of waves by elastic sphericabodies, the axially symmetric vibrations oelastic media containing a spherical cavior an embedded stiff inclusion, and the difraction of plane and spherical waves byspherical barrier supported by a thin-walleshell with all possible declinations of thelatter problem. Perhaps more to the pointthe study of the translational motion ofsphere in an elastic or acoustic mediumand the penetration of spherical bodies ina fluid half-space. More complicated medof propagation such as Biot’s porous mdium are mentioned in a last chapter.

In all, the book is extremely technical andoes not make easy reading. It does nmention explicitly applications, but somcan easily be guessed.Transient Aerohy-droelasticity of Spherical Bodieswill be ofinterest to those specialists who directdeal with some of the just mentioned problems. The translation from the Russian laguage is correct, but this is not, as anyocan guess, high literature. But the bibliography offered is tremendous, containinabout 500 items of which about two thirdof the works are from the former SovieUnion and the actual Russian Federation

7R12. Vibration of Strongly NonlinearDiscontinuous Systems.Foundations ofEngineering Mechanics.- VI Babitsky(Dept of Mech Eng, Louborough UnivLouborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TUUK) and VL Krupenin (Inst of MachineStud, Russian Acad of Sci, Mosco101830, Russia).Springer-Verlag, Berlin.2001. 399 pp. ISBN 3-540-41447-9$99.00.

Reviewed by J Angeles (Dept of MecEng and Center for Intelligent MachinesMcGill Univ, 817 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, PQ, H3A 2K6, Canada).

Strongly nonlinear systems are defined bthe authors well into the body of their bookon page 76—while the Index has a pointto page 34, no mention of the term is founin that page—but this definition is limitedto conservative systems. Then a whole setion, 4.6, is devoted to this kind of systemwhich, again, is limited to systems with excitation derived from a potential. Special atention is given in this section to systems othe threshold type. Briefly stated, to undestand what a ‘‘strongly nonlinear mechancal system’’ is, the reader must be awarewhat a ‘‘weakly nonlinear system’’ is. Onethus must conclude that a strongly nonlinear system is one whose nonlinear termcannot be neglected or approximated tofirst order, without losing the essence of thsystem behavior. The discontinuous natuof the nonlinearity, moreover, prevents thlinearization of the nonlinear term.

The book is authoritative, but of a rathelimited scope. The main motivation of thauthors is the study of what they ca‘‘vibro-impact systems,’’ ie, systems excited by impact loading, as those foundmachinery for rock-crunching. However

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7R11. Transient Aerohydroelasticity ofSpherical Bodies. Foundations of Engi-neering Mechanics.- AG Gorshkov and DVTarlakovsky(Dept of Appl Mech, MoscowAviation Inst, Volokolamskoe ShosseMoscow, 125871, Russia).Springer-Verlag,Berlin. 2001. 289 pp. ISBN 3-540-42151-3$99.00.

Reviewed by GA Maugin (Lab de Modelsation en Mec, Univ Pierre et Marie CurieTour 66, 4 Place Jussieu, Case 162, ParCedex 05, 75252, France).

This book is authored by two scientistfrom the Department of Applied Mechanicof the Moscow Institute of Aviation. Al-though the title does not render justice tthe contents, it is indeed a book about prolems met with the transient interaction odeformable bodies with a surrounding medium, say a fluid or another solid, in speciacontact conditions. This involves interfacessome of which being part of the looked-fosolution. Here, however, as indicated by thtitle, homogeneous bodies and composistructures considered all have sphericshapes. This obviously greatly helps the athors in their essentially analytical considerations. Due to this privileged symmetrythe exact solutions derived for both externand internal problems, depending on wheare situated the elastic and acoustic~ie,fluid-like! media with respect to one another, involve series expansions in termsLegendre polynomials. In other words, solutions are sought in the form of generaized spherical waves. This gives a somwhat antiquated look to the book with aparaphernalia of special functions and reresentations of all kinds compared to modern books that would necessarily considbodies with less symmetries, but certainlattractive computer-obtained diagrams. Rmarkably enough, there is no such diagrain the whole book. Transient problems obviously involve Laplace transfoms in timefor arbitrary functions corresponding toconverging and diverging waves. An exacalgorithm, in fact, is presented for the inversion of the Laplace transfom for the generclass of problems under consideration. Thcalls for high mathematics such as ththeory of self-adjoint differential operators

To better grasp the aim of the authors iproducing this book, perhaps more a colletion of solved problems than anything elseit is of interest to give a representative lisof some of the problems that are studieddetail. In a non-limitative list, we noteamong the classics of classics: vibrationsthin-walled isotropic shells in contact withan elastic medium and the vibrations ofthick-walled sphere in an elastic mediumwith special cases such as a fully solisphere embedded in an elastic mediumpropagation from a cavity, reflection oelastic waves from the wall of a rigid reservoir, and vibrations of a piecewise homogeneous elastic space with concentric sphecal interfaces. Other typical problems tharequire some space for their treatment a

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the authors fail to include examples ofmuch broader scope and modern intereSuch systems occur in gear transmissiodue to the unavoidable backlash of geaThe study of impact in these systems iscurrent research interest, with books dvoted to their study, eg, that by Pfeiffer anGlocker ~1996!. These systems show, isome instances, a chaotic behavior, whiis a recognized source of noise in automtive transmissions. Other instances wheimpact loading leads to serious perfomance deterioration is found in mechtronic systems, where frequent velocity rversals make backlash a sourcediscontinuous perturbations. Moreover, sytems with discontinuous characteristichave been studied for some time, withinsystem-theoretic context, eg,~Flugge-Lotz,1968!, but the authors appear too focuson the Russian literature to cite the rich lierature in English on the topic.

The authors focus on methods developby themselves, apparently, in the seventiIn fact, the book is admittedly the Englistranslation of an original book in Russianbut the authors do not disclose the bibligraphical information of that original. Moslikely, the original book was published inthe early eighties. The methods favoredthe authors are of the paper-and-pentype—some would say ‘‘analytic,’’ but thisqualifier is, in this reviewer’s opinion, amisnomer—and hence, limited to modethat are crude approximations of actual sytems. These methods are of academic intest, but it is dangerous to overstate threlevance in light of contemporary tools fosimulation, such as Matlab’s SimulinToolbox. The book would have a more pemanent value if it had taken into accoumodern software and hardware for scietific computations. Not a word is said oalgorithms for simulation, which have beedeveloped first and foremost to cope winonlinear systems, whether with weaklywith strongly nonlinear features. In thivein, it is worth citing Strang~1988!:‘‘Solving a problem no longer means writing down an infinite series or finding a formula like Cramer’s rule, but constructing aeffective algorithm.’’

In coping with the periodic response osystems, the authors hint to an algorithm fsolving the integral Fredholm equation thuresulting. However, they mislead the readinto believing that the solution of the undelying system of N linear equations in N unknowns, ‘‘may be solved using the@sic#Cramer’s rule.’’ In fact, Cramer’s rule is inapplicable in practice, by virtue of the combinatoric nature of the number of floatingpoint operations it requires. This numberoughly (N11)!, becomes prohibitivelylarge for even moderate values of N, likN525.

Technical issues apart, the layout of thbook is unusual, to say the least. For staers, the book is divided into three chapteand 10 sections, with a continuous secti


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numbering across chapters. Moreovewhile the equation display is highlyacceptable—an unusual feature for bootypeset inWord—some pages lack right justification, which makes the layout lookweird. The bibliography is admittedly lim-ited to the essential references. Howevthere is a discontinuity here, for the biblography, made up of 204 references, is limited and outdated—the former becauswith counted exceptions, the bibliographincludes only Russian works; the latter bcause the most recent entry is of 1983.compensate this, the book includes an ‘‘Aditional Bibliography,’’ of 40 additional en-tries, with some works published outsideRussia. These references appear to be liswithout citation, although this feature is difficult to verify, mainly because the reference list follows an awkward ordering: thfirst reference cited is entry@49#, followedby @56#, and so on. If a numbering of references is to be followed, then each referenshould be numbered in order of citation!

The figures, in turn, appear without a cation, and composed figures, with parts rferred to as A!, B!, etc, sometimes lacktheir appropriate label.

Otherwise, the English is not standarFor example, what is known as the ‘‘impulse response’’ of a linear system, is rferred to as the system ‘‘Green functionThis is not technically wrong, but looks unfamiliar, especially because Green funtions, in the English literature, usually petain to the solutions of boundary-valuproblems in a space domain, more so thto solutions of initial-value problems in thetime domain. Then, what is known in English as ‘‘rational functions’’ are labeled inthe book as ‘‘meromorphic functions.’’ Asearch of the term in Maple, for exampleunder ‘‘topic,’’ led to a bulky number ofentries, none of which bears the ‘‘meromophic’’ qualifier. A few such entries bear thname ‘‘rational,’’ however. It would havebeen convenient to have the English tranlation proofread by a specialist with knowedge of the usual terminology in English.

All in all, it is difficult to recommend thismonograph as a valuable reference of cotemporary relevance.

7R13. Virtual Testing of MechanicalSystems: Theories and Techniques.Ad-vances in Engineering, Vol 4.- OI Sivertsen(Norwegian Univ of Sci and Tech, Trondheim, Norway).Swets and Zeitlinger PublLisse, Netherlands. 2001. 189 pp. ISBN 9265-1811-0. $87.00.

Reviewed by I Andrianov (Inst fur Allgemeine Mechanik, RWTH, Templergrabe64, Aachen, D-52056, Germany).

Andrianov 6005.docThis textbook is intended for users of thmultidisciplinary simulation code FEDEM~see also http://www.fedem.com!. Parts oftext have been used for some years incourse for first-year graduate studenKnowledge of finite element procedure


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needed for understanding of the methopresented.

In Chapter 1, the author introduces somdefinitions and proposes some examplesindustrial simulation. Chapter 2 offersshort description of used concepts from mtrix algebra, vector calculus, geometrtransformations, finite element procedurGauss’s elimination method, and eigevalue problem. Chapter 3 deals with thstructural and kinematic modeling aspecof mechanisms, joint and link coordinatsystems, super elements, joints, stiffnemasses, transmissions, dempers, and forc

In Chapter 4, concepts of numerical simulations are presented. It contains descrtions of dynamic simulation, control inmechanism simulation, simulations resultand energy calculations. In Chapter 5, thauthor describes general ideas of how dscribed algorithms may be used as a destool. The text in the appendices describco-rotational geometric stiffness and thcam joint.

Virtual Testing of Mechanical SystemsTheories and Techniquesis clearly writtenand meets the expectations of this reviewThe figures are clearly drawn and the boohas a nice appearance. Although there issubject index, this reviewer thinks the boowill be useful for readers. The book is probably too specialized to justify broad acqusition by libraries, but it is certainly recommended for FEDEM users as introductocourse.

7N14. Advances in Dynamics and ImpactMechanics. Impact and Damage on StructureVol 1. - Edited by G Nurick(Univ of Cape Town,S Africa) and CA Brebbia(Wessex Inst of TechSouthampton, UK).WIT Press, SouthamptonUK. 2002. 325 pp. ISBN 1-85312-928-3$165.00.

This book contains invited chapters by interntional researchers in dynamics and impact mchanics. It covers a wide range of topics incluing both experimental and theoretical studieMany comparisons between computer results aexperimental measurements are presented. Reers will find up-to-date information on many different aspects and applications of impact mchanics.

7N15. Computational Aspects of NonlinearStructural Systems with Large Rigid BodyMotion. NATO Science Series, Computer anSystems Sciences, Vol 179.- Edited by JAC Am-brosio and M Kleiber. IOS Press, AmsterdamNetherlands. 2001. 275 pp. ISBN 1-58603-160-$90.00.

Major developments achieved in the fielddealing with computational methods for thanalysis of nonlinear structures experiencinlarge rigid body motion and with flexible multi-body systems with nonlinear deformations afinding their way into the commercial generapurpose software in both finite elements anmultibody dynamics packages, providing poweful numerical tools for complex industrial applications. Unfortunately, the efforts of scientificommunities, such as those dealing with finielements, multibody dynamics and numericanalysis, do not have the desired interactioConsequently, major findings in each of the scentific areas are slow to reach other communitipreventing that the scientific progress that canachieved in areas of common interest reachesfull potential. This book, which is an outgrowthof a NATO Advanced Research Workshop th


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brought together the leading scientists, aimsfill such a gap by assessing the current state-the art and providing specific results from thdifferent schools of thought with a focus on thtrends for future research.

7N16. Crashworthiness of Composites andLight Weight Structures. Proc of ASME Con-gress, Nov 2001, New York.- Edited by GNewaz, N Saha, O Faruque. ASME, New Yor2001. 112 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3579-0. ASME BooNo I00547. $70.00.~ASME members $35.00!.

The 14 papers in this collection cover receadvances in materials and structures technoloand computational advances. Papers reflectgeneral goals of advances in materials technogies, modeling, and computational and complvehicle crash dynamics simulations.

7N17. Flow-Induced Vibration in Engineer-ing Practice. Advances in Fluid Mechanics Series, Vol 31.- Edited by P Anagnostopoulos(Ar-istotle Univ, Thessaloniki, Greece).WIT Press,Southampton, UK. 2002. 250 pp. ISBN 1-8531644-6. $127.00.

Collecting together and refining material prevously scattered throughout specialized journathis text presents various aspects of flow-inducvibration. It provides a unique source of information for graduate students, researchers, and pticing engineers.

Contents cover vibrations induced by vorteshedding; mathematical models for vorteinduced vibrations of beams; fluidelastic instbilities of cylinder arrays in cross-flow~an inves-tigation of the use of Connor’s equation!;galloping of slender bodies; and dynamics of rtor flow coupled systems.

7N18. Structures Under Shock and ImpactVII. Proc from 7th Int Conf. - Edited by NJones(Dept of Mech Eng, Univ of LiverpoolBrownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK),CABrebbia(Wessex Inst of Tech, Southampton, UKAM Rajendran(US Army Research Lab).WITPress, Southampton, UK. 2002. 550 pp. ISB1-85312-911-9. $277.00.

Papers featured in this book examine the intaction between blast pressure and surface orderground substructures, whether the blastfrom civilian, military, dust explosions, vapocloud detonation, or other sources. Topics coered include protection of structures from blaloads; surface structures under explosive shoburied structures under explosions; missile peetration and explosion; collision forces on strutures; demolition of structures; localized explosions on structures; full and model-scale testininteraction between analytical and experimenresearch; formulation of design recommendtions; structural crashworthiness and new soware for shock and impact; energy absorbisystems; seismic engineering applications; marial response to high rate loading; behaviorconcrete structural components; and behaviorsteel and composite structures.

7N19. Vibration and Control of MechanicalSystems—2001. Proc of ASME Congress, Nov2001, New York. -Edited by HR Hamidzadeh, HRahnejat, ACJ Luo. ASME, New York. 2001400 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3548-0. ASME Book NI00516. $150.00.~ASME members $75.00!.

Fifty-one full-length, peer-reviewed technicapapers in this proceedings provide an exchanof new ideas, concepts, and technologies inbration and control and focus on a wide spectruof topics for linear and nonlinear vibration ancontrol; flow-induced vibrations; stability, bifur-cation, and chaos; vibration in manufacturinprocessing and MEMS; and vibration in biomechanics.

Classical Many-Body Problems Amenable toExact Treatments:. „Solvable andÕor Inte-grable andÕor Linearizable...… in One-, Two-,and Three-Dimensional Space.Lecture Notes


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in Physics, Vol m66.- F Calogero(Dept ofPhys, Univ of Rome ‘‘La Sapienza,’’ p AldoMoro, Rome, 00185, Italy). Springer-Verlag, Ber-lin. 2001. 749 pp. ISBN 3-540-41764-8. $79.9~Under review!

Dynamics of Evolutionary Equations. Ap-plied Math Sciences, Vol 143.- GR Sell(Sch ofMath, Univ of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN55455)and Yuncheng You(Dept of Math, Univof S Florida, Tampa FL 33620-5700). Springer-Verlag, New York. 2002. 670 pp. ISBN 0-38798347-3. $79.00.~Under review!

Dynamics with Friction: Modeling, Analysisand Experiment, Part II. Stability, Vibration,and Control of Systems, Series B, Vol 7.- Ed-ited by A Guran(Inst for Structronics, Canada),F Pfeiffer(Inst of Mech, Tech Univ, Munich, Germany), K Popp(Inst of Mech, Univ of Hannover,Germany). World Sci Publ, Singapore. 2001. 31pp. ISBN 981-02-2954-2. $77.00.~Under re-view!

Engineering Analysis in Applied Mechan-ics. - JW Brewer (Univ of California, DavisCA). Taylor & Francis Publ, New York NY. 2002.472 pp. ISBN 1-56032-932-7. $75.00.~Under re-view!

Generating Families in the Restricted Three-Body Problem, II: Quantitative Study of Bi-furcations. Lecture Notes in Physics, Vom65. - M Henon (CNRS, Observatoire de laCote d’Azur, BP 4229, Nice, 06304 CedexFrance). Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 2001. 301 ppISBN 3-540-41733-8. $44.00.~Under review!

Mechanical Behaviour of Engineering Mate-rials, Volume 2: Dynamic Loading and Intelli-gent Material Systems. - YM Haddad(MechEng, Univ of Ottawa, Canada).Kluwer AcadPubl, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 2000. 484 pISBN 0-7923-6355-8. $225.00.~Under review!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!III. AUTOMATIC& CONTROL

7R20. Non-linear Control for Underac-tuated Mechanical Systems. -I Fantoniand R Lozano(UMR CNRS 6599, Univ deTechnologie de Compiegne, BP 2052Compiegne, 60205, France).Springer-Verlag London Ltd, Surrey, UK. 2002. 295pp. ISBN 1-85233-423-1. $109.00.

Reviewed by SC Sinha (Dept of MecEng, Auburn Univ, 202 Ross Hall, AuburAL 36849-5341).

This is an application-oriented book thais intended for engineers, graduate studenand researchers who are interested indesign of nonlinear controllers for underatuated mechanical systems. Underactuasystems are defined as systems with lesnumber of independent control actuatothan the degrees of freedom to be cotrolled. Readers with a background in intemediate level dynamics and control shouhave no trouble following the material.

After an introduction in Chapter 1, somdefinitions and background material apresented in Chapter 2. These incluLyapunov stability concepts, KrasovskiLaSalle invariance principle, passivity crteria, and controllability condition. The nexnine chapters deal with the developmentcontrol algorithms for a number of underac


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tuated mechanical systems, most of whihave served as academic benchmarks.Chapter 1, an energy-based nonlinear cotroller is developed for the classical problem of cart-inverted pendulum. Simulationand experimental results are also includeSimilar analysis is presented in Chapterthat deals with a convey-crane system. Uing the passivity property, an energy-bascontrol law is proposed for a pendubot sytem in Chapter 5.

In Chapter 6, modeling, analysis, and cotrol of the Furuta pendulum~named after KFuruta of Tokyo Institute of Technology! isdiscussed. The reaction wheel pendulumpresented in Chapter 7. Chapters 8 andare devoted to the design of control algrithms for planar robots. In Chapter 8, thauthors present analysis and control of twas well as three link planar robots with flexible joints while in Chapter 9, the problemof a planar robot with two prismatic andone revolute~PPR! joints is considered. It isto be observed that the PPR system has fdegrees of freedom and only three contrinputs. The control strategy, once again,based on an energy approach and passivproperties of the system. The ball-beacontrol is described in Chapter 10, andthis case, the control force is assumed toacting on the ball rather than the beam. Tcontroller for a simple hovercraft model idesigned in Chapter 11.

Chapter 12 deals with the control probleassociated with a planar vertical take-oand landing~PVTOL! aircraft. A Lyapunovfunction using the forwarding technique iused to obtain the control law. The lasthree chapters are devoted to the modeliand control of helicopters. In Chapter 13after some general considerations, a simpfied model called the helicopter-platformmodel is analyzed. This model has three dgrees of freedom with two control inputsThe nonlinear control strategy guarantean asymptotic tracking of the desired trajetories. A Lagrangian formulation of the helicopter dynamics is presented in Chapt14 and a Lyapunov approach is used to dsign a tracking controller. The same problem is discussed in Chapter 15 via the Newtonian approach. In this case, the contralgorithm was developed using the bacstepping and Lyapunov techniques.

In summary,Non-linear Control for Un-

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deractuated Mechanical Systemsis an ex-cellent source for the development of cotrol strategies for an important class oproblems, viz, the underactuated mechacal systems. The book is clearly writtenand the ideas are conveyed well by the athors. This book is a must for engineeringraduate students, researchers, teacherswell as practicing engineers. It is strongrecommended for individuals and librarie

7R21. Practical Methods for OptimalControl using Nonlinear Programming. -JT Betts(Res and Tech Div, Boeing Co, Sattle WA).SIAM, Philadelphia. 2001. 190pp. ISBN 0-89871-488-5. $51.00.

Reviewed by I Kolmanovsky (Sci Res LaMD-2036, Ford Motor Co, 2101 VillageRd, Dearborn MI 48124).

System models are routinely developedengineering and other disciplines for sytem analysis and simulation. They now finwidespread use in industry in all phasesdesign and development of technologicsystems. Model-based trajectory optimiztion and optimal control are among ketools that facilitate finding better ways toperate and control complex engineerinsystems. They are also becoming essenin the design phase, to determine systeparameters which meet stringent perfomance objectives and constraints.

In this regard, this book is quite timely. Itdetailed treatment of methods and strategused to solve such optimal control and trjectory optimization problems~completewith in-depth discussion of implementationtricks, and ‘‘what can go wrong’’ issues!will be useful to optimization practitionersand insightful to researchers focusedvarious aspects of optimization. The focuof the book is a family of techniques~oftenreferred to as direct methods! wherein theoptimal control problem is converted intofinite-dimensional optimization problem using method of transcription. The finitedimensional problem can be solved usinnonlinear programming techniques. The bsic idea of transcription is to treat the valueof the state and control variablesdiscrete-time instants as free variableswhich constrained, nonlinear programminoptimization can then be applied. The costraints are inherited from the original optmal control problem formulation and aralso induced by the discretizationintegration of the differential equationgoverning the system dynamics. Efficiecomputational strategies can be developif the nonlinear programming algorithmused in the second stage takes advantagthe structure of the problem~sparsity!,which is induced as a result of integratinthe dynamics equations in the first phase

The book is very readable. In part, it idue to its theorem-free format while relyininstead on a detailed discussion and illusttion of how to setup numerical methods anstrategies to solve optimal control problems, what can happen, and what can


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wrong. Enough detail is given so that threader also gets a good flavor of the natuof rigorous theoretical results~found in thereferences provided in the book!.

The book is organized as follows. Thfirst chapter reviews the main ideas antechniques of nonlinear programming, including unconstrained minimization methods ~Newton and quasi-Newton methods!and constrained optimization techniqu~such as Sequential Quadratic Programmior SQP!. The review is concise and selfcontained, providing the reader quick acess to the main ideas used in higperformance optimization codes. Practicissues of what can go wrong such as infesible constraints, discontinuous objectivfunctions, rank-deficient constraints, anconstraint redundancy are illustrated wispecific examples. Practical remedieshandle these difficulties are discusseChapter 2 discusses large scale nonlineprogramming problems and, in particulathe case when the Hessian matrix and Jabian matrix are sparse, that is most of theelements are zero. In this situation, sparfinite differences can be used to approxmate first and second derivatives in a computationally efficient fashion. This and thresulting sparse SQP algorithm are dscribed in detail. Chapter 3 reviews severclassical numerical methods for solving intial and boundary value problems for ordnary differential equations. It is the centraidea of the book that numerical methods fsolving ~integrating or discretizing! ODEsgive rise to nonlinear programming problems which are sparse, and the sparsproperties depend on a particular methused for discretization. Thus after the trascription, it is possible to take advantagea particular sparse structure~induced by aparticular discretization method! in solvingthe nonlinear programming problem. This basically the subject of Chapter 4. Whcan go wrong is discussed including howrecognize the emergence of singular arand discontinuous control, as well as cosideration of the issues involved in problems with state constraints. Strategiesswitch from lower order ODE integrationroutines ~used at the beginning! to higherorder routines as well as mesh refinemestrategies are detailed. Chapter 5 reposeveral of the numerical case studies ththe author successfully solved in the pausing the techniques described in the booThey are examples of realistic trajectooptimization problems, primarily drawnfrom the aerospace field. They are, respetively: Space shuttle reentry trajectory optmization, minimum time to climb for anaeroplane, low-thrust orbit transfer forspacecraft, and two burn orbit transfer forspacecraft, as well as trajectory optimiztion for an industrial robot and a multibodmechanism. These case studies providegood illustration of the techniques de


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scribed in the book and describe additionstrategies to deal with particular issues aproblem formulations.

On a critical side, the book only coverone particular class of techniques for soling optimal control problems. Methodbased on dynamic programming~whichprovide optimal control policy in a feedback form! and methods based on calculated gradients through the solution of ajoint equations are not covered. The lattare discussed, with an argument that the ajoint equation approach may not often bapplied to the complex models anywasince they may not admit a readily availabsymbolic representation adequate for tdevelopment of linearized equations. Thtechniques described in the book are impmented in software called SOCS, commecially available from Boeing. This softwareis briefly described in the Appendix. A lim-ited version of this software~trial version!or other computational codes for the readto experiment with would amplify the appeal of this book, but are presently noavailable.

In summary,Practical Methods for Opti-mal Control using Nonlinear Programmingwill be useful and is recommended to researchers and engineers in industry and ademia whose projects involve solving optmal control/trajectory optimization problems. The book can also be used, assupplemental text, in graduate-level univesity courses on optimal control and numercal methods in optimal control. It shouldalso be possible to develop a special topgraduate-level course based on the matein this book, supplemented with theoreticdetails from the reference literature.

7R22. Precision Motion Control: De-sign and Implementation. - Tan KokKiong, Lee Tong Heng, Dou HuifangHuang Sunan(Dept of Elec Eng, Natl Univ,4 Engineering Dr 3, Singapore, 117576Singapore). Springer-Verlag London Ltd,Surrey, UK. 2001. 232 pp. ISBN 1-85233328-6. $89.95.

Reviewed by PH Meckl (Sch of Mech EnPurdue Univ, 1288 Mech Eng Bldg, WLafayette IN 47907-1288).

As both mechanical and electronic components decrease in size, the need for pcision manufacturing continues to growThe authors of this book have skillfullybrought together a variety of essential ingredients for success in achieving precisimotion control. Their objective is to focuson ‘‘enabling technologies in the realizatioof precision motion positioning systems.The book presents concepts in ‘‘a mannamenable to a broad base of readers, raing from the academics to the practitionerby providing detailed experimental verifications of the developed materials.’’ The booserves as a useful reference for anyoneterested in applying the latest technologito precision motion control.

The authors set the stage by describing


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variety of processes in precision manufaturing, including nanofabrication techniques such as lithography, ultra-precisiomachining, and laser micromachining. Thealso briefly describe precision metrologdevices, including the Scanning TunnelinMicroscope~STM! and the Atomic ForceMicroscope~AFM!.

After this short introduction, the book focuses on the development of motion contrtechniques for precision tracking. The prmary actuator considered during controlldevelopment is the permanent magnet lear motor~PMLM!. Its dynamic model in-cludes the standard electrical and mechacal properties as well as force ripple annonlinear friction effects as described bthe so-called Tustin model. A compositmotion control scheme is proposed, whicincludes feedforward compensatioproportional-integral-derivative~PID! feed-back, and nonlinear compensation usiRadial Basis Functions. Acceleration feeback is suggested to improve tracking, aa disturbance observer is developed to cacel unknown load disturbances. For mochallenging control applications, the booproposes a robust adaptive controller usisliding modes and parameter adaptationcompensate for friction and ripple effects.feedforward iterative learning controller ialso developed for those applications thare repetitive. For each control develoment, the authors present stability proofswell as experimental results to demonstrathe effectiveness of each technique.

Since performance of the PID feedbaccontroller depends heavily on the validitof the parameters used in its developmethe authors devote an entire chapter to autuning techniques for determining modparameters. They propose a novel twchannel relay auto-tuning technique thatbased on a describing function analysThis approach uses a second parallel resignal with an integrator so that the relaauto-tuning approach can be appliedservo-mechanical systems that typically dnot have the time delays found in chemicprocess control systems.

Another chapter is devoted to coordinatemotion control of several axes. After describing classical master-slave and set-pocoordinated control, they propose a fulcoordinated control approach that includ


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inter-axis offsets deduced from a distubance observer. Again, a complete setexperimental results is provided to compathe effectiveness of each of these aproaches.

Another crucial ingredient in any precision motion control scheme is precise mesurement of position. A laser measuremesystem, which uses a linear interferometand retro-reflector, is described in detaThen the principles behind geometric errcalculation are presented. Measuremefrom the laser system are compared to thoobtained from optical linear encoders, anlinear, angular, straightness, and squarenerrors are computed. Finally, several aproaches to geometric error compensatiare described, including look-up tables ana nonlinear parametric approximation thuses Radial Basis Functions. The authoalso provide a clever technique to removbias errors when averaging several mesurements that are corrupted by randomrors. Since electronic interpolation is required to extract sufficient resolution out ooptical encoders, another chapter providdetails of several approaches to reduceterpolation errors.

The last important topic for achieving precision motion control is vibration attenuation. The authors focus on external vibration sources and propose two approachesreduce errors caused by vibrations. One aproach uses an adaptive digital notch filt‘‘to identify the resonant frequencies and tsubsequently terminate any signal transmsion at these frequencies.’’ The second aproach uses an accelerometer mountedthe machine to monitor vibration levelsanalyzes their frequency content, and detmines when these vibrations exceed tthreshold of acceptable performance.

Since all of these control algorithms arimplemented in software, another chapterdevoted to details of the dSPACE contrplatform, which includes automatic codgeneration using MATLAB Simulink,hardware-in-the-loop testing capability, ana virtual instrument panel as user interfac

Unfortunately, the book does not mentiothe concept of input shaping for vibratiocontrol. In many cases, the motions themselves can cause detrimental vibrations thcannot be tolerated by precision machineInput shaping modifies the motor commands so that these vibrations are greareduced.

However, besides that minor omissioPrecision Motion Control: Design andImplementationnicely integrates a numbeof important topics in precision motion control. It also comes with a complete set oreferences for further information. All toldit represents a useful reference and an ecellent single source of essential topics rlated to precision motion control.

7N23. Electromagnetic NondestructiveEvaluation, V. Studies in Applied Electromag-


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netics and Mechanics, Vol 21.- Edited by J Pavo,G Vertesy, T Takagi, SS Udpa. IOS Press, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 2001. 342 pp. ISB1-58603-155-4. $105.00.

The book is a collection of papers on electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation. Recent dvelopments are discussed, up-to-date informatis provided, and the implications of innovationfor future inspection practice are also considereBoth the basic science and early engineering dvelopments in the field are emphasized. Topicovered are: new developments in electromanetic nondestructive testing; analytical and nmerical modeling of electromagnetic NDE phenomena; solutions to NDE inverse problemevaluation of material degradation in ferromagnetic structures; advanced sensors; industrialplications of NDE; and benchmark problems ansolutions.

7N24. Proceedings of the ASME DynamicSystems and Control Division—2001.Proc ofASME Congress, Nov 2001, New York.- Editedby M Franchek. ASME, New York. 2001. 1124pp. ISBN 0-7918-3560-X. ASME Book NoI00528. $330.00.~ASME members $165.00!.

There are 139 full-length, peer-reviewed tecnical papers in this volume covering intelligensensors; advanced automotive technologies;tomated modeling; active noise control; electrhydraulics; adaptive and optimal control; nonlinear modeling and control of manufacturinprocesses and systems; intelligent systems; dtributed control systems; adaptive tuned vibratioabsorbers; structural vibration control; systeidentification; hybrid systems and control; modeling, control, and diagnostics of large-scalesystems; and advances in robot dynamics acontrol.

Control Theory for Linear Systems. - HLTrentelman(Dept of Math, Univ of Groningen,PO Box 800, Groningen, 9700 AV, Netherlands,AA Stoorvogel, M Hautus(Dept of Math andComput Sci, Eindhoven Univ of Tech, PO Bo513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, Netherlands.Springer-Verlag London Ltd, Surrey, UK. 2001389 pp. ISBN 1-85233-316-2. $84.95.~Under re-view!

Functional Adaptive Control: An IntelligentSystems Approach. - SG Fabri(Dept of ElecPower and Control Eng, Univ of Malta, MsidaMSD 06, Malta)and V Kadirkamanathan(Deptof Autom Control and Syst Eng, Univ of SheffielSheffield, S1 3JD, UK). Springer-Verlag LondonLtd, Surrey, UK. 2001. 266 pp. ISBN 1-85233438-X. $99.00.~Under review!

MEMS Handbook. - Edited by M Gad-el-Hak (Dept of Aerospace and Mech Eng, Univ oNotre Dame, Notre Dame IN 46556). CRC PressLLC, Boca Raton FL. 2002. 1368 pp. ISBN0-8493-0077-0. $149.95.~Under review!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!IV. MECHANICS OFSOLIDS

7R25. Digital Photoelasticity: AdvancedTechniques and Applications. -K Ramesh(Dept of Mech Eng, Indian Inst of TechKanpur, 208016, India).Springer-Verlag,Berlin. 2000. 410 pp. CD-ROM includedISBN 3-540-66795-4. $116.00.

Reviewed by G Lewis (Dept of Mech EnUniv of Memphis, 316 Eng Bldg, MemphTN 38152).

Experimental methods of stress analyscontinue to hold their own in spite of theappeal of analytical solutions, which arseen to be elegant and challenging in som

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cases; and numerical methods, which aconsidered convenient and inexpensigiven the abundance of user-friendlcommercially-available software and powerful, fast personal computers today. Phoelasticity is, arguably, the most favoredthe pantheon of the experimental tecniques. However, no revolutionary develoments have occurred in the methods usfor photoelastic studies for a very long tim~The latest is, perhaps, the PhotoStresphotoelastic coating method, introduced1956.! During this same period, greastrides have been made in the field of digtal image processing. It was inevitabltherefore, that some intersection of thetwo fields would occur. Digital photo-elasticity—a product of this crossfertilization—has been the subject ofnumber of journal articles, but very fewbooks. Perhaps many considered writingbook at this stage in the development of tsubject rather daunting. The author of thbook under review is to be applauded fbeing brave enough to take on this task. Tresult is a textbook containing 11 chaptein which the basic principles of the varioustrands of the subject are explained in dtail, and the salient features of various aplications illustrating the use of these principles are presented.

In Chapter 1~Transmission photoelasticity!, all the rudiments and fundamental cocepts of photoelasticity are described insuccinct fashion. Thus, myriad topics acovered, these being: the nature of lighpolarization, the passage of light througisotropic and crystalline media, light elipse, retardation and wave plates, thstress-optic law, the arrangements of opticelements in a plane polariscope and a circlar polariscope, determination of isocliniand isochromatic fringe order at a poincompensation techniques, calibrationphotoelastic model materials, fringe ordeing, determination of the sign of the boundary stresses, methods of resolving the abiguity on the principal stress direction, thkey features of three-dimensional photelasticity and integrated photoelasticity, anmodel-to-prototype relations.

In Chapter 2~Reflection photoelasticity!,the focus is this technique which is a varant of transmission photoelasticity anduseful for stress analysis of opaque prottypes. The chapter begins with a clear dscription of the basic principle of the technique, comparing and contrasting it witthe more well-known transmission photoelasticity. This is followed by an abbreviated account of the development of photelastic coatings from their first use bMesnager in 1930 to the derivation, bZandmanet al in 1962, of correction fac-tors for interpreting fringe patterns. Following this, various aspects of the techniqare described, with the topics covered icluding the optical arrangement of a refletion polariscope, stress- and strain-optic rlations for a photoelastic coating, correctio


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factors for photoelastic coatings, the Poison’s ratio mismatch problem, the desirabproperties of a photoelastic coating, consierations in selection of the coating thickness, collection of the basic data~fringe or-der and isoclinic parameter! and methods ofanalyzing them, and examples of appliction of photoelastic coatings.

The concepts covered in Chapter 3~Digi-tal image processing! are those that areneeded for understanding the role of digitimage processing in photoelasticity. Thchapter opens with a presentation of a nuber of basic ideas, such as image sampland quantization, and then a wide arrayrelevant concepts are covered in more dtail, among which are characteristics ovideo standards in use today, image sensoa number of basic relationships and matematical operations between pixels~such asneighbors of a pixel and arithmetic opertions!, the basic steps in image processinthe elements of a typical image processisystem, the structure and design of soware, various tools for image understandin~such as pseudo coloring and thredimensional intensity plots!, and techniquesfor image enhancement and segmentat~such as histogram equalization and dnamic thresholding!.

The material presented in Chapter~Fringe multiplication, fringe thinning, andfringe clustering! could be divided intothree parts. In the first, there are descrtions of digital techniques to effect thesoperations. Among the topics covered aimage subtraction of bright and dark-fielimages and half-fringe photoelasticity. Ithe second part, algorithms developed fuse in conjunction with the intensity-basemethods of fringe processing are presentamong which are masked-based algorithfor skeleton extraction and the row-wisscanning algorithm for fringe skeletonization. In the third part of the chapter, thissues covered include applications of talgorithms, improvements to global thinning algorithms, and evaluation of the peformance of various fringe thinning algorithms.

In Chapter 5~Phase shifting, polarizationstepping, and Fourier transform methods!,copious details of these techniques are psented. The chapter begins with a summaof the early attempts to automate polascopes, highlighting the contributions opeople such as Zandman, Sapaly, AllisoNurse, Redner, and Marston. Followinthis, the basic principles of phase shiftinare described followed by expositions onwide range of topics, such as the genearrangement of plane and circular polascopes, whole field evaluation of photoelatic data using these polariscopes, sourceserror and methods of minimizing their impact on the results obtained. In the middpart of the chapter, there is a short descrtion of polarization stepping for isoclinicdetermination, a method that was introduced by Brown and Sullivan in 1990


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Three Fourier transform methods for photelastic data acquisition-use of carriefringes, multiple polarization stepped images, and load stepping-are described inlater sections of the chapter. The chaptends with comments on the relative attrations and drawbacks of the three groupstechniques covered.

All the topics treated in Chapter 6~Phaseunwrapping and optically enhanced tilingin digital photoelasticity! are related to im-proving the quality of the data collectedAmong them are boundary detection, rmoval of binary noise at discrete points inphase map, algorithms for phase unwraping, parameters that affect phase unwraping, digital magnification of high fringedensity zones, cementing of an opticalmagnified tile with the original image, andoptically enhanced tiling applied to a circular disc and ring subjected to diametrcompression loading.

Spectral content analysis and the tecniques that need color image processihardware are the subject of Chapter 7~Co-lour image processing techniques.! The firstpart of the chapter contains a short descrtion of the main features of the two maicolor models used for the image processinthe red-blue-green~RGB! and the hue-saturation-intensity~HSI! models. The sec-ond part of the chapter deals with color image processing systems, the spectresponse of a color camera, the light intesity transmitted in white light for variouspolariscope arrangements, principles, cabration, and an application of three fringphotoelasticity, and phase shifting in colodomain. The third part is dedicated to spetral content analysis and the tricolor photoelastic method.

Chapter 8~Evaluation of contact stressand fracture parameters! deals with the useof digital photoelasticity for the determination of these characteristics, which arknown to play influential roles in the service performance of a wide assortmentmechanical components and systemAmong the topics covered are the basdata required and their digital acquisitionthe stress analysis for two cylindrical bodies in contact, evaluation of contact streparameters by least squares analysis,stress field equations in the vicinity ofcrack tip, evaluation of mixed-mode stresfield parameters using least squares anasis, and experimental validation of thstress field parameters for Mode I anMixed-Mode loadings. The uses of a number of the principles described are illustrated with respect to an application problem, that of a spur gear, for which thvalues of a large number of parameterssuch as fracture toughness and the conststress term, contact length and frictiocoefficient—were obtained and are prsented.

Considered in Chapter 9~Stress separa-tion techniques! are the auxiliary methodsused to obtain the individual values of th


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principal stresses or, in a more complesense, the values of all the elements of tstress tensor. The chapter opens with a bsurvey of experimental methods~the ob-lique incidence method, the conventionshear difference technique, and the Teshear difference technique!, numericalmethods~finite difference method, stressdifference elasticity concept, and the leasquares method!, and hybrid methods. Following this survey, various details~such asfinite element formulation and discretization of the domain! are provided about arelatively new approach in which phasshifting and the finite element analysmethod are combined. Also, descriptionsthe application of the approach to an eample problem—that of a finite plate, containing a hole, in uniaxial tension—argiven. The chapter ends with discussionsthe use of integrated photoelasticity cocepts for stress separation, stress separain 3D photoelasticity, and stress separatiin reflection photoelasticity.

In Chapter 10~Fusion of digital photo-elasticity, rapid prototyping, and rapid toll-ing technologies!, the interconnectednesbetween these three state-of-the-art meods is explored. Thus, among the topicovered are the application of rapid prottyping processes for fabricating modelsbe used in photoelastic studies, illustratioof this application using photoelastic models made using fused deposition modeliand then coated with a photoelastic coatinand digital photoelastic characterizationa model fabricated using a rapid toolinprocess.

The subjects of Chapter 11~Recent devel-opments and future trends! are newly emer-gent concepts and research ideas at varistages of maturity. Among the recent deveopments discussed are the methods fortermining the characteristic parameters fa given length of the light path, namely thaxis of the retarder, the retardation intrduced by the retarder, and the rotary powof the rotator; tensorial tomography; nedigital image processing hardware, suchimproved frame grabbers, progressive sccameras, and time-delay-and-integrati~TDI! sensors; new digital image procesing software, such as the Matrox ImaginLibrary and the FRN–DAT package; digitaldynamic photoelasticity, using chargecoupled-devices and TDI cameras; and tuse of photoelasticity for the stress analysof components and structures fabricatfrom filamentary composite materialsAmong the future trends identified are thpotential for usingWindows-based softwarefor, for example, fringe unwrapping; use oapplets; development of deviceindependent software; and the use of wavlet transforms for isochromatic fringe ordeing.

The book has many attractive featuresome of which have to do with substancand others with style. In the former caegory, the following features may be cite


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meticulous use of Jones calculus to setthe governing equations~where applicable!and the various optical arrangements;comprehensive treatment of the relevaconcepts in each chapter; incorporationrecent developments in other fields inphotoelastic evaluation, such as direanalysis of parts fabricated using fusedeposition modeling; inclusion of a long lisof references, most of which were very recent, at the end of each chapter; and a wing style that is consistently perspicaciouAs for aesthetics, the material in the bookarranged in an orderly manner, and theare copious supporting materials~211 fig-ures and 39 tables!, including clear andsharp fringes in the reproduced photoelasimages.

The book has two shortcomings. Firsmany of the exercises given at the endeach chapter are not of the requisite stadard for the intended readership of seniolevel undergraduate and graduate studen~There are too many descriptive question!Second, the book does not contain listsacronyms and symbols. Inclusion of thelists would have facilitated reading in casewhere the symbol or acronym is not definein the page being read.

The author has produced a first-class tebook that should find widespread usamong students, researchers, and designgineers in many branches of engineerinThe present reviewer thus recommenDigital Photoelasticity: Advanced Techniques and Applicationswith the warmestenthusiasm.

7R26. Fracture Mechanics of Metals,Composites, Welds, and Bolted Joints:Application of LEFM, EPFM, andFMDM Theory. - B Farahmand. KluwerAcad Publ, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 200408 pp. ISBN 0-7923-7239-5. $140.00.

Reviewed by MH Aliabadi (Dept of Comput Mech, Queen Mary and Westfield CoUniv of London, Mile Eng, LondonE1 4NS, UK).

AA Griffith carried out the first systematicinvestigation of fracture phenomena, 8years ago. Since that investigation, the suject of fracture mechanics has matured aformed an essential part of the structural itegrity assessment of engineering strutures. The concepts of safe-life and damatolerant design in nuclear, pressure vessand aerospace industries are of paramoimportance. This book is a welcome addtion to a growing number of books on thsubject. Parts of the text can be used fundergraduate teaching, but the book aswhole is aimed at the graduate level witemphasis on the applications rather ththeoretical developments of the subject.

The book is divided into eight chaptersThe first presents an overview of fracturmechanics and failure prevention. Here bsic parameters in Linear Elastic FractuMechanics~LEFM! and Elastoplastic Fracture Mechanics~EPFM! are presented. Also


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discussed are topics such as Failure Prevtion and Fracture Control and Non Destrutive Inspection. The second chapter is etitled Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanicand Applications. Here, the fundamentconcepts are reviewed and essential fractparameters such as stress intensity facare described. Also presented are residstrength diagrams and practical concepsuch as leak-before burst. Chapter 3 cocentrates on fatigue crack growth and appcations. In this chapter, the crack closuconcept as presented by Elber is presentAlso presented are Wheeler and Willenboretardation models. Other topics covered iclude environmental assisted corrosiocracking.

The next two chapters deal with nonlineaconcepts. Elastic-plastic fracture mechaniis covered in Chapter 4. Here, the concepsuch as nonlinear J-integral are presenwithout going through the mathematicaderivations. Several applications are prsented to demonstrate the use of the EPFChapter 5 deals with the fracture mechaniof ductile metals.

The next three chapters are aimed at pratical applications. Chapter 6 presenwelded joints and applications. Topics sucas friction stir welding are examined. Applications to Bolted Joints are subject of thnext chapter. The final chapter deals with aimportant topic, Damage Tolerance oComposites. This chapter is co-authoredA Abdi, L Minnetyan, and C Chamis. Heredifferent failure modes of composite materials are described. Particular emphasisgiven to a computer code GENO-PFA.

Fracture Mechanics of Metals, Composites, Welds, and Bolted Jointsis well writ-ten and includes many interesting eamples. The text is complementary to moother texts on the subject, as emphathroughout the book is on applicationrather than the mathematical theoretical dvelopments.

7R27. Metal Failures: Mechanisms,Analysis, Prevention. -AJ McEvily (Deptof Metall and Mat Eng, Univ of ConnecticuCT).Wiley, New York. 2002. 336 pp. ISBN0-471-41436-0. $90.00.

Reviewed by M Walter (Dept of MecEng, Ohio State Univ, 206 W 18th Ave, Clumbus OH 43210-1154).

The failure of metal components in se

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vice is obviously a complex subject that requires thorough understanding of loadinconditions, material microstructures, opeating environments, and inspection tecnologies. The author has done an admirajob of providing the necessary backgrouninformation for understanding and analying metal failures. The most fascinating apect of this book is the presentation of nmerous case studies that the author useillustrate failure mechanisms and tecniques for analysis. The prevention of metfailures is addressed primarily through thconclusions reached in the case studies.

This book is intended for use in onesemester courses for senior engineering sdents or graduate engineers. Within mchanical engineering departments, portioof the book would definitely be useful inupper-level, core design courses. The bocould be used in its entirety for a mechancal engineering, undergraduate technicelective course. Since significant portionof the book are materials science orientethis book is also very relevant to senior castone courses within materials science cricula. In addition, engineers involved iaccident investigation and expert witneconsulting would find this book useful because of its breadth and reference to revant literature.

The book begins with 11 descriptions ostructures and vehicles that failed in servidue to loads and design~eg, the 1981 Kan-sas City Hyatt Regency Walkways Colapse!, inspection, maintenance, and repa~eg, the 1988 Aloha Airlines Boeing 737200 Accident!, and other problems~eg the2000 Air France Concorde Crash!. Subse-quent chapters provide theoretical bacground necessary to analyze stresses~Chap-ter 2, Elements of Elastic and PlastDesign; Chapter 3, Elements of FractuMechanics!, microstructure and processin~Chapter 4, Alloys and Coatings; ChapterBrittle and Ductile Fractures; Chapter 1Defects!, and loadings and environmen~Chapter 7, Thermal and Residual StressChapter 9, Creep Failure; Chapter 10, Ftigue; Chapter 12, Environmental Effects!.Interspersed are chapters on Examinatand Reporting Procedures~Chapter 5!, Sta-tistical Distributions~Chapter 6!, Flaw De-tection ~Chapter 13!, and Cranes HooksCoil Springs, Roller Bearings, Bushingand Gears~Chapter 14!. Although wholetextbooks have been written on the subjematter of most of these chapters, the authhas provided enough detail to enable meaingful analysis without overwhelming thereader. The reader who is interested in modetail can refer to the references.

Nearly all chapters have interwoven castudies that illustrate issues being discussin the chapter. The higher profile case stuies have quality photographs and illustrtions that help the reader understand thevestigation. For the most part, these castudies provided excellent connections btween theory and practice. Future editio


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could attempt to further connect the castudies to the theoretical developmethrough reference to the relevant equatioand through worked examples. At the enof the book, the author has provided 3–problems for each chapter.

The book is well written with very goodfigures and a thorough index. The authorpresentation of case studies of accideleaves the reader with a clear understandof what went wrong. Accidents that are nothe result of operator error can usually btraced back to mistakes with respect to dsign, construction, materials, inspectioloadings, and environment. Through reaing Metal Failures: Mechanisms, AnalysisPrevention, engineers are given the toonecessary to understand, analyze, and hofully prevent metal failures.

7R28. Thin Plates and Shells: Theory,Analysis, and Applications. - E Ventsel(Eng Sci and Mech Dept, Penn State, UnPark PA 16802)and T Krauthammer(Pro-tective Tech Center, Penn State, Univ PaPA 16802). Marcel Dekker, New York.2001. 666 pp. ISBN 0-8247-0575-0$175.00.

Reviewed by E Carrera (Dept of Aerospace Eng, Politecnico di Torino, CorsDuca Degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, 10129Italy).

‘‘Thin plates,’’ ‘‘thin shells,’’ and ‘‘thinplates and shells’’ are classical subjects fbooks. Eminent scientists, such as VlasoFlugge, Novozhilov, TimoschenkoWashizu, Kraus, Gold’enveizer, Cicala, Lbrescu, Donnell, Vekua, and Leissa amoothers, have written milestone books on ttopic. All of these books are, with no doubexcellent sources for the analysis of twodimensional structures. Most of these clasical books have appeared in the middlethe last century and, in the same case eabook states the point of view of each scietist on plate and shell theories. A few bookon plates and shells are known which habeen published in the recent past. Amothese the book by Ventsel and Krauthammer is one of the most useful and exhautive. It includes both plate and shell geometries as well as theories and solutionspractical problems. Ventsel and Krauthammer present several topics in a mannwhich results in a brilliant selection of dif-ferent possible ways to see plates and shas they are known by the classical boomentioned above. This book is a good sythesis of West and East Schools of knowedge on plates and shells. It is clearly wrten, self complete, and rich with exampleas well as of applications to practical problems. The authors have shown their owability in writing a book on plates andshells avoiding vectorial or tensorial notations which could introduce difficulties tobeginners. The editorial form is quite wedone: figures, plots, formulas, and texts avery well balanced in each chapter andeach page.


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The book has been divided in two parwhich deal with thin plates and thin shellsrespectively. Each part quotes introductiofundamentals, membrane and bendingsponse, buckling, and vibrations. A briedescription of the book’s layout is given below.

Part I is first considered. Chapter 1 offea very interesting historical note on platetheories. Fundamentals of elasticity reltions are recalled in a Cartesian referensystem. Kirchhoff’s thin plate theory habeen described in Chapter 2; governinequations are derived by using both elastity relations and variational statementBending of rectangular plates are treatedChapter 3; a large variety of practical problems have been solved by considering dferent geometries, boundary conditions aapplied loadings. Chapter 4 has been dvoted to circular plates. Polar coordinatehave been preferred in this case. Other gometries, such as elliptical and triangulaplates have been solved in Chapter 5. Aproximated solution methods and their aplications are discussed in Chapter 6which Finite Difference, Finite Elementand Boundary Element Methods are intrduced and applied to two-dimensional flstructures. Advanced topics are addressin Chapter 7; thermoelastic problems, stifened plates, orthotropic behavior, refinetheories accounting for transverse shear dformation effects, geometrically nonlineabehavior, layered, and sandwich plates aconsidered. Buckling of plates has beeconsidered in Chapter 8; introductory concepts are first introduced, buckling of recangular and circular plates are then solvby application of equilibrium and energmethods. Results are also given for stifened, orthotropic, and sandwich plateLarge deflection and post-buckling response have also been treated in this chter. Dynamic problems are consideredChapter 9.

Thin shells theory and analysis begin witChapter 10. This chapter introduces shstructure and makes an historical notemain shell theory contributions and deveopments. Concepts related to differentigeometry of surfaces are given in Chapt11. First and second fundamental forms aderived and particularized to several gemetrical shell configurations~shell of revo-lution, cylindrical, and conical!. Linearelasticity relations in curvilinear coordinates and in the framework of KirchhoffLove postulates are presented in Chap12. Membrane shell theories and applictions are considered in Chapters 13 and 1respectively. Methods, solution techniqueand results are presented for a large varieof problems, such as roof shell structureliquid storage facilities, and pressurizevessels. So called moment theory has beaddressed in Chapter 15 for circular cylindrical cases. The asymptotic integratiomethod has been used to solve the differetial equations of cylindrical shell subjecte


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to general loadings. Solutions of particulcases are presented in the same chapter.tension to shells of revolution is given iChapter 16. Other well known approxmated shell theories are discussed andplied in Chapter 17. The advanced topic aready discussed in Chapter 8 for the placases, are extended to shells in ChapterIn addition, Chapter 18 gives details of thapplication of Newton’s Method to solvenonlinear problems. Buckling and vibratioproblems of shells are discussed in Chaters 19 and 20, respectively. Five Appendces close the book. The first one quotes uful data while the others detail somderivations which were not explicitly givenin the previous chapters.

This reviewer’s opinion isThin Platesand Shells: Theory, Analysis, and Applictionsby Ventsel and Krauthammer containthose basics and advanced argumentsshould be known to any engineer or scietist who is supposed to work with plate anshell structures.

7R29. Three-Dimensional ContactProblems. Solid Mechanics and its Appli-cations, Vol 93.- VM Alexandrov (Dept ofMech and Math, Moscow State Univ, Mocow, Russia)and DA Pozharskii(Mech andAppl Math Inst, Rostov-on-Don State UniRostov-on-Don, Russia).Kluwer AcadPubl, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 2001. 40pp. ISBN 0-7923-7165-8. $131.00.

Reviewed by JT Tielking (PO Box 100Daleville VA 24083-1009).

The calculation of stress and displacemein elastic bodies loaded by contact with onanother or against a rigid surface is a difcult problem in applied mechanics. Evefor linear material and infinitesimal displacements, the problem is nonlinear whthe boundary of the contact region is uknown a priori. This book presents the devation of analytic solutions for a variety oproblems involving isotropic linearly-elastic bodies in frictionless, static contacSeparate chapters are devoted to contproblems for cylinders, wedges, cones, aspheres. Numerical results for sphericproblems are compared with Hertz soltions to show the ranges of validity of thHertz analysis.

The exact calculation of pressure in thcontact interface requires solution of an itegral equation, a system of integral equtions in the case of 3D problems. For cetain punch problems, and othersengineering interest, the contact boundais specified so that the governing equatioare linear. Various transformations are usto extract solutions in terms of special funtions or in asymptotic expansions. The important problem of determining the contaboundary, as well as the normal contapressure, is formulated as a nonlineboundary integral equation of the Hammestein type. This formulation is due to B AGalanov who also developed an algorithbased on Newton’s method for solving th


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type of nonlinear integral equation. A Fortran listing of Galanov’s computer programis given in the Appendix. Numerical resultfrom the program are compared in the tewith results from analytic solutions for twotest problems.

The large collection of analytic solutionpresented in this book will be useful inevaluating test results calculated by bounary element and finite element methodThe book is well-written by the authors~atranslator is not listed!. Good drawings areincluded to define problem geometry ancoordinate systems. The analyses are psented in considerable detail, and the woof others is carefully referenced, often including the page numbers where relevaequations will be found. The collected reerence list covers eight pages. Many areRussian authors, some not yet translateThere is a good index.Three-DimensionalContact Problemsis recommended for pur-chase by engineering libraries and for indviduals interested in the mathematicanalysis of contact problems.

7N30. CAM Design and ManufacturingHandbook. - RL Norton (Worcester PolytechnicInst, Worcester MA).Indust Press, New York.2002. 610 pp. CD-Rom included. ISBN 0-83113122-5.

This handbook brings together up-to-date cadesign technology, correct design and manufaturing procedures, and recent cam researchsults in one volume. Beginning at an introductolevel and progressing to more advanced topithis handbook provides the information needto properly design, model, analyze, specify, amanufacture cam-follower systems.

This book is accompanied by a 90-day tridemonstration copy of the Professional Versioof DYNACAM for Windows V. 7.0. Written bythe author, this program solves the equations dscribed in the book and allows—in its fully li-censed version—the design, dynamic modelinanalysis, and output of follower center, cam suface, and cutter coordinate data for any cam.also defines conjugate cams for any applicatioAlso included are 90-day trial demonstratiocopies of programs Fourbar, Sixbar, and Slidfor the design of cam-follower linkages.

7N31. Compliant Structures in Nature andEngineering. - Edited by CHM Jenkins(S Da-kota Sch of Mines and Tech, Rapid City SDWIT Press, Southampton, UK. 2002. 400 pISBN 1-85312-941-0. $199.00.

Biological organisms are exceptionally efficient structures, having evolved over millions oyears to achieve high load carrying capacity punit weight. Compliance~flexibility ! plays a sig-nificant role in the efficacy of natural structureExamples range from cell walls and microorganisms, to bat wings, to human muscles. Loago, engineers adopted compliant structuressolutions where structural efficiency was criticwhile in modern times, compliance has seen icreasing use in civil structures such as temporastorage facilities and large-span roofs.

This volume provides a summary of the impotant features of these interesting structures. Wten by experts in the field, it covers topics ocompliant structures in nature, compliant mateals, mechanics of compliant structures, applictions in engineering, and design for compliancThe text will contribute to our continued learninfrom nature in order to design highly efficienengineering structures.

7N32. Contemporary Research in Engineer-ing Mechanics: Symposium in Honor of Pro-fessor George J Simitses.Proc of ASME Con-


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gress, Nov 2001, New York.- Edited by GAKardomateas and V Birman. ASME, New York2001. 368 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3573-1. ASMEBook No I00541. $150.00.~ASME members$75.00!.

This collection of 28 full-length, peer-reviewedpapers is dedicated to Prof George J Simitseshis 70th birthday. The subjects of these papeare diverse and cover a broad spectrum of prolems in engineering mechanics. The list of sujects includes buckling and structural vibrationpiezoelectric and composite/sandwich materianumerical and analytical methods; and industrapplications. The diversity of the papers prsented in this symposium reflects on the brorecognition of the achievements and the scientireputation of Prof Simitses.

7N33. Damage Initiation and Prediction inComposites, Sandwich Structures, and Ther-mal Barrier Coatings. Proc of ASME Congress,Nov 2001, New York.- Edited by AM Waas andJD Whitcomb. ASME, New York. 2001. 276 ppISBN 0-7918-3575-8. ASME Book No I00543$130.00.~ASME members $65.00!.

This volume is a collection of 34 full-lengthpeer-reviewed technical papers related to the flowing topics: damage initiation and predictioin composites, sandwich structures and materiaand thermal barrier coatings.

7N34. High Performance Structures andComposites.Proc of 1st of Int Conf.- Edited byCA Brebbia(Wessex Inst of Tech, SouthamptoUK) and WP de Wilde(Vrije Univ Brussels, Bel-gium).WIT Press, Southampton, UK. 2002. 60pp. ISBN 1-85312-904-6. $307.00.

This volume focuses on the application of computational methods to the modeling, control, anmanagement of such structures and materiaParticular emphasis is placed on intelligent smastructures.

Specific areas covered include general topichigh performance structures; and composites.

7N35. Macro and Microscopic Approach toFracture. Advances in Damage Mechanics Series, Vol 3. - Edited by SI Nishida(Saga Univ,Japan).WIT Press, Southampton, UK. 2002. 48pp. ISBN 1-85312-902-X. $238.00.

Many recent reports have described instancwhere structures have failed under quite loloads. When such a failure occurs, it is necessato clarify the cause, taking both a macro and mcroscopic approach, and to implement appropate countermeasures. Designed to enhanceknowledge and appreciation of engineering itegrity and its relevance to economic and stragic issues, this book includes chapters by intenationally recognized specialists and coverswide range of topics associated with the macand microscopic approach to fracture.

7N36. Mechanics of Electromagnetic Mate-rial Systems and Structures.Proc of 14th USNatl Congress of Theoretical and Appl Mech.-Edited by Y Shindo(Tohoku Univ, Japan).WITPress, Southampton, UK. 2002. 300 pp. ISB1-85312-920-8. $153.00.

Examining current knowledge and recent avances in electromagneto-mechanics as applto the various fields of science and technologthe papers featured cover diverse topics suchpiezoelectric material systems and MEMS appcations, electromagneto-elasticity and supercoductivity, electromagnetic fracture, and damagmechanics. Theoretical, experimental, computional studies, and industrial applications oelectromagneto-mechanics of advanced matesystems and structures are covered.

7N37. Modeling and Mechanics of Granularand Porous Material. - Edited by G Capriz(Univ of Pisa, Italy), VN Ghionna, P Giovine(Univ of Reggio Calabria, Italy).Birkhauser Ver-lag AG, Basel, Switzerland. 2001. 300 pp. ISB0-8176-4241-2. $99.00.

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Modeling of granular and porous materialsnecessary to describe the behavior of natural mterials. In this book, engineers, mathematicianand experts in particulate material modeling fcus on the most important techniques and modcurrently in use. The modeling process is prsented as a critical tool for studying the analysand experimentation of the micromechanics abehavior of granular and porous material.

7N38. Proceedings of the 2001 ASME DesignEngineering Technical Conferences and Com-puters and Information in EngineeringConference—Print Version, Vol 1.From DETC2001, Sept 2001, Pittsburgh. - ASME, New Yor2001. 1052 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3541-3. ASMBook No I00509. $190.00.~ASME members$95.00!.

This printed compilation of 105 full-lengthpeer-reviewed technical papers covers the flowing topics: engineering information managment; internet-aided design, manufacturing, acommerce; embedded and ubiquitous computienergy systems; computers in educatiocomputer-aided product development; virtual evironments and systems; non-traditional comping; and finite element techniques and computional technologies.

7N39. Proceedings of the 2001 ASME DesignEngineering Technical Conferences and Com-puters and Information in EngineeringConference-Print Version, Vol 2. From DETC2001, Sept 2001, Pittsburgh. - ASME, New Yor2001. 1384 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3542-1. ASMBook No I00510. $190.00.~ASME members$95.00!.

This is a printed compilation of 149 full-lengthpeer-reviewed technical papers on the followintopics: virtual reality in design; decision-basedesign; agent-based design; finite element meling; product families and platforms; computeaided design systems and frameworks; geomemodeling; and rapid manufacturing.

7N40. Thermomechanical Fatigue and Frac-ture. - Edited by MH Aliabadi(Queen Mary Col,Univ of London, UK).WIT Press, SouthamptonUK. 2002. 344 pp. ISBN 1-85312-549-0$173.00.

Thermal and mechanical fatigue leads to initition and growth of cracks in many structuresuch as pressure vessels, nuclear reactors,temperature engines, electronic packaging, adental materials. This book brings together staof-the-art contributions from leading researchein the field.

7N41. Three-Dimensional Effects in Com-posite and Sandwich Structures. Proc ofASME Congress, Nov 2001, New York.- Editedby YDS Rajapakse. ASME, New York. 2001132 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3577-4. ASME Book NI00545. $80.00.~ASME members $40.00!.

This collection of 12 papers covers recent aplications of composite and composite sandwiconstruction in large load-bearing structures ashows a renewed interest in three-dimensioaspects of composite materials and compossandwich structures.

Dynamics of Heterogeneous Materials. -VF Nesterenko(Dept of Mech and AerospacEng, UCSD, La Jolla CA 92093-0411). Springer-Verlag, New York. 2001. 510 pp. ISBN 0-38795266-7. $139.00.~Under review!

Mechanics of Curved Composites.Solid Me-chanics and its Applications, Vol 78.- SD Ak-barov (Yildiz Tech Univ, Istanbul, Turkey)andAN Guz (Inst of Mech, Natl Acad of Sci, KievUkraine). Kluwer Acad Publ, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 2000. 441 pp. ISBN 0-7923-6477-$190.00.~Under review!

Nonlinear Analysis of Thin-Walled Struc-tures: Statics, Dynamics, and Stability. Me-chanical Engineering Series.- JF Doyle(Deptof Aeronaut and Astronaut, Purdue Univ, Lafa


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ette IN 47907). Springer-Verlag, New York.2001. 511 pp. ISBN 0-387-95216-0. $89.95.~Un-der review!

Superplastic Flow: Phenomenology and Me-chanics. Engineering Materials Series.- KAPadmanabhan(Indian Inst of Tech, Kanpur,208016, India), RA Vasin (Moscow State Univ,Moscow, 119899, Russia), FU Enikeev(Inst ofMetals Superplasticity Prob, Ufa, 450081, Rusia). Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 2001. 363 ppISBN 3-540-67842-5. $99.00.~Under review!

Techniques of Tomographic Isodyne StressAnalysis. Solid Mechanics and its ApplicationsVol 75. - JT Pindera(Dept of Civil Eng, Univ ofWaterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada). Kluwer AcadPubl, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 2000. 286 pISBN 0-7923-6388-4. $134.00.~Under review!

Thermoelastic Fracture Mechanics usingBoundary Elements.Topics in Engineering, Vol39. - DN dell’Erba (Wessex Inst of TechSouthampton, SO40 7AA, UK). WIT Press,Southampton, UK. 2002. 146 pp. ISBN 1-8531849-X. $109.00.~Under review!

Unified Plasticity for Engineering Applica-tions. Mathematical Concepts and MethodsScience and Engineering, Vol 47.- SR Bodner(Technion-Israel Inst of Tech, Haifa, Israel). Klu-wer Acad/Plenum, New York. 2002. 115 ppISBN 0-306-46744-5. $75.00.~Under review!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!V. MECHANICS OFFLUIDS

7R42. Energy Methods for Free Bound-ary Problems: Applications to NonlinearPDEs and Fluid Mechanics.Progress inNonlinear Differential Equations and TheApplications, Vol 48.- SN Antontsev(Deptde Matematica, Univ de Beira InteriorCovilha, 6201-001, Portugal),JI Diaz(Dept de Matematica Aplicada, Univ Complutenese, Madrid, 28040, Spain),SShmarev(Dept de Matematicas, Univ deOviedo, Oviedo, 33007, Spain).BirkhauserBoston, Cambridge MA. 2002. 329 ppISBN 0-8176-4123-8. $79.95.

Reviewed by AJ Kassab (Dept of MecMat, and Aerospace Eng, Col of Eng, Unof Central Florida, Orlando FL 32816-2450).

This is a research monograph reportingcollaborative research carried out by the athors over the past 15 years in the fieldfree boundary problem. Specifically, the athors use energy methods as the basic tto investigate the underlying mathematicstructure of the partial differential equation~PDE! governing various field problemswhose solutions lead to the formation offree boundary. Given the definition of aenergy norm, the technique results in iequalities involving ordinary differentiaequations whose study allows determintion of the existence of a free boundary anprovides a theoretical framework for thstudy of the solutions for the PDEs of inteest. This book mainly considers applicatioof energy methods to quasi-nonlinear equtions of fluid mechanics.

The first three chapters lay the formamathematical and theoretical framework


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energy methods applied to nonlinear PDEThe first chapter introduces energy methoto study nonlinear stationary problems giving rise to localized solutions and hencfree boundaries. Second-order elliptic equtions, systems of elliptic equations, anhigher-order elliptic equations as well aisotropic and anisotropic diffusion problems are considered. The second chapaddresses stabilization to a stationary sotion for nonlinear evolution problems. Heragain, the authors progress from paraboequations to anisotropic parabolic equtions, to systems of equations of combinetype and higher order parabolic equationThe third chapter addresses space and tilocalization of weak solutions for nonlineadegenerate parabolic equations as wellsystems of these equations. Applicationenergy methods to various fluid mechaniproblems is provided in the fourth chapteThe chapter begins with a brief review otheoretical fluid mechanics, followed byseries of applications ranging from freboundary gas dynamics problems suchfree jets and collisions of co-axial jets tfiltration of immiscible fluids in porous me-dia which finds application in recovery ooil from a reservoir and to flows of nonhomogeneous non-Newtonian fluids. Thauthors also treat a class of problems whirequire the simultaneous study of surfachannel flow as well as underground watflow. The final two topics studied involvesthe drift diffusion model for free electronsthat forms quasi-linear degenerate systeof PDEs and finds application in semconductor theory and the so-called blow uregimes in the solution of coupled PDEs foheat conduction and electrostatic potentresulting from the model of heat diffusionproblems in a conductor in the presenceJoule heating.

The book often follows mathematical exposition of statement of lemmas and therems, followed by proofs and corollaries awell as relevant remarks. Each chapter teminates with a bibliographic review andset of open problems that are essentiaproposals for a program of research in toics not fully investigated in the literature oby the authors. There are some illustrationall of which are of high quality. There areno illustrative computational results. Theris an appendix which contains some basdefinitions of function spaces and a briereview of elementary inequalities and imbedding theorems. There is a copious nuber of 3001 references which support thtext and a detailed index.

The monograph is the 48th volume inseries entitled Progress in Nonlinear Diffeential Equations and Their Applications, edited by H Brezis of the Mathematics Department of both Rutgers University in NewJersey, and the Universite Pierre and Ma


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Curie in Paris. The series is describedlying at the interface of pure and appliemathematics, and indeed this book falls insuch a category.Energy Methods for FreeBoundary Problems: Applications to Nonlinear PDEs and Fluid Mechanicscanserve as a reference on the subject of eergy methods when they are treated as pof mathematics post-graduate coursespartial differential equations; It is recommended for acquisition by university libraries as a quality addition to their mathemaics collections.

7R43. Foundations of Fluid Dynamics. -G Gallavotti (Dept di Fisica, INFN, Univdegli Studi di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza,’’ Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2, Roma, 00185, ItalySpringer-Verlag, Berlin. 2002. 513 ppISBN 3-540-41415-0. $59.95.

Reviewed by JH Lienhard V (Dept oMech Eng, MIT, Rm 3-162, CambridgMA 02139-4307).

During the past 100 years, a few texbooks on the fundamental aspects of fludynamics have stood out. Among these athe well-known books by Lamb, by Landaand Lifshitz, and by Batchelor. The lastwo, in particular, are noteworthy for theifocus on the essential physical phenomeand the accompanying mathematical formlations, which are presented with a minmum of distracting development of minoparticular cases. Yet, research in fluid dnamics has moved on since the last of thetitles appeared many years ago.

Gallavotti’s remarkable new book,Foun-dations of Fluid Dynamics, takes a freshlook at the essential formulation and phnomenology of fluid dynamics as reflectein the research of the 70s, 80s, and 90s.devotes significant attention to the matematical properties of the Navier-Stokeequations, to chaos in fluid flows, andturbulence. In this sense, the book mayregarded as complementary to, say, tLandau and Lifshitz book, which deals onvery briefly with these subjects. The theretical development in the text is supplemented by 400 expository exercises thtake up many important and classical rsults.

Gallavotti begins with a chapter that summarizes the primary features of the cotinuum equations of motion. A central aimhere is to lay out tools for use in subsequechapters~the Rayleigh model for thermallydriven convection, vector decompositionof the flow field, and so on!, but the exer-cises within the chapter sketch a rangetopics, such as Stokes formula, tidal theoand acoustic radiation.

Gallavotti turns directly to the question oalgorithms for the construction of solutionto the equations of motion. Euler algorithms, spectral algorithms, and vorticity agorithms are each considered. Note that tdevelopment is not done in pursuit of numerical techniques—its aim is to determinhow ~or whether! solutions to the phenom


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enological ~Navier-Stokes! equations can,in general, be found. It comes as no suprise, then, that the third chapter deals etirely with the existence, uniqueness, anregularity of solutions to these equations.

The spectral algorithms enable the proof such propertieslocally, which is to sayfor bounded time intervals. Global resulare obtainable in two-dimensions. Ththree-dimensional case is more difficuGallavotti discusses LeRay’s theory in thcontext, eventually reaching the conclusiothat existence and uniqueness are ‘‘likely

Two chapters on chaos and incipient tubulence follow. These include a careful dvelopment of the significance of reduceorder models~such as the Lorenz equations!, a discussion of bifurcation theoryand coverage of various scenarios fchaos, including the Ruell-Takens schemChapter 5, titledOrdering Chaos, considershow chaotic behavior might be quantitatively studied or measured.

Strong turbulence—that with many degrees of freedom—is considered in Chapt6, working primarily from Kolmogorov’stheory. The final chapter of the book presents original new results on the statisticproperties of turbulence built upon thfoundation of Ruell’s principle.

Professor Gallavotti is a mathematicphysicist who uses concepts from analysfreely. This should pose no barrier to mograduate students in physics and applimathematics, but many engineering stdents will lack the right preparation.

The book was typeset admirably by thauthor in LaTex. It is attractively bound anprinted, and reasonably priced as well. Fefigures are included, owing to the naturethe material. The book might well havbenefited from a nomenclature list, but thonly real flaw in the production is an advetisement for a Springer-Verlag website thdefaces the closing page of the book~whichwill be on shelves for years after the website has gone the way of the 8-inch floppdisk!.

Foundations of Fluid Dynamics isstrongly recommended, by this reviewefor acquisition by academic libraries anfor the use of anyone with a serious interein the mathematical foundations of fluidynamics.

7R44. Hydrodynamics: Examples andProblems: A Textbook. - YA Buyevich(Deceased),DV Alexandrov(Dept of MathPhys, Ural State Univ, Lenin Ave 51, Ekaerinburg, 620083, Russia),SV Zakharov(Inst of Math and Mech, Russian AcadSci, Ural Branch, S Kovalevskaja St 16Ekaterinburg, 620219 GSP-384, RussiaBegell House, New York. 2001. 331 ppISBN 1-56700-159-9. $67.50.

Reviewed by R Verzicco (Dept di Ingegeria Meccanica e Gestionale, Politecnico dBari, Via Re David 200, Bari, 70125, Italy)

This textbook addresses several bafluid mechanics topics with a particular em


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phasis on mathematical aspects. The bois organized into five chapters plus siappendices and a big selection of answeto problems proposed at the end of eachapter.

Chapter 1 reviews the tensor analysis dcussing covariant and contravariant vectcomponents, derivatives, and transformtions. The differencing operators are thepresented in their most general form witthe aim of providing the reader with thtools for the derivation of the fluid mechanics equations in every coordinate system.

Chapter 2 explains, very briefly, the foundation of dimensional analysis and, as aexample, applies it to the motion of thpendulum. In the successive chapter, a shdescription of self-similar solutions isgiven, starting from the combination of independent variable to reduce a partial dferential equation to an ordinary differentiaequation. Two sections with linear and nonlinear processes discuss simple example

Chapter 4 is mainly concerned with flowwith negligible viscous effects: a half-pagintroduction to hydrostatics is given withthe discussion of two examples. A simpderivation of the Bernoulli equation is thepresented with the solution of two addtional model problems. The rest of thchapter is devoted to the discussion of ptential flows treated either with standarmethods and by separation of variables.

The fifth and last chapter involves viscouflows, starting from exact solutions of thNavier-Stokes equations and Stokes flow~solved by various methods! up to boundarylayers and laminar flows. The book closewith a long part~about half of the book!containing problem answers and six shoappendices dealing with equations on paticular coordinate systems, solutions of spcific differential equations, and some tabulated functions.

A very limited list of references and asubject index are given. Each chapter cotains several proposed problems which hethe reader in applying the explained cocepts. The figure quality is sufficient; onlsketches and graphs are shown. Perhsome experimental pictures or numericsimulation plots would have helped the eplanation of some concepts.

This book introduces with a particulaperspective some classical topics of flumechanics; this reviewer has found the prsentation strongly biased toward matematical aspects while physical interprettion is sometimes lacking. Some argumenlike dimensional analysis or hydrostatichave been described too shortly while oters, like ideal and viscous exact solutionoccupy almost all of the book. Classicatopics like fluid dynamics forces and turbulence are completely disregarded.

The text could be used as a referenbook by the experienced researchersgraduate students involved in fluid mechaics. In contrast, this reviewer would not advise the use of this book as a text for un

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dergraduates owing to the inhomogeneotreatment of the arguments, the mathemacal skew of the presentation, and the asence of important topics. The purchasethe book is advised for libraries.

7R45. Micro Flows: Fundamentals andSimulation. - GEM Karniadakis (Div ofAppl Math, Brown Univ, 182 George SProvidence RI 02912)and A Beskok(Deptof Mech Eng, Texas A&M Univ, TAMU3123, College Station TX 77843-3123Springer-Verlag, New York. 2002. 340 ppISBN 0-387-95324-8. $69.95.

Reviewed by M Gad-el-Hak (Dept oAerospace and Mech Eng, Univ of NotDame, Notre Dame IN 46556).

Fluid flows in or around microdevices ithe subject of the present book. Microeletromechanical systems~MEMS! refer to de-vices that have characteristic length of lethan 1 mm, but more than 1 micron thcombine electrical and mechanical compnents, and that are fabricated using ingrated circuit batch-processing technolgies. Electrostatic, magnetic, pneumatand thermal actuators, motors, valveducts, gears, and tweezers of less than 1micron size have been fabricated. Thehave been used as sensors for presstemperature, mass flow, velocity and sounas actuators for linear and angular motionand as simple components for complex sytems such as micro-heat-engines and micheat-pumps. The multidisciplinary field oMEMS has witnessed explosive growtduring the last decade, and the technolois progressing at a rate that far exceeds tof our understanding of the physics involved in the operation as well as the manfacturing of those minute machines. Thpresent book attempts to bridge this gafocusing exclusively on flow physics withinmicrodevices. It is perhaps the first of thgenre to do so.

Microdevices often involve mass, momentum, and energy transport. Modelingas and liquid flows through MEMS manecessitate including slip, rarefaction, compressibility, intermolecular forces, electrokinetics, dielectrophoreses, and other uconventional effects. In this book, the twauthors, both renowned authorities in thmodeling and numerical simulation of mcroflows, provide a methodical approachflow modeling for a broad variety of mi-crodevices. The continuum-based NavieStokes equations—with either the tradtional no-slip or slip-flow boundaryconditions—work only for a limited rangeof Knudsen numbers above which alterntive models must be sought. These inclumolecular dynamics ~MD!, Boltzmannequation, direct simulation Monte Carl~DSMC!, and other deterministic or probabilistic molecular models. The boobroadly surveys available methodologiesmodel and compute transport phenomewithin microdevices. It includes a pretty inclusive list of numerical strategies. Consi


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ering the extensive microflow research coducted by the authors, the coverage heemphasizes their own work—including previously unpublished material—althougother research is covered as well. Thbook’s preface indicates that the origindraft was based largely on the doctoral thsis of the junior author.

The book contains 10 chapters: basic cocepts and technologies; governing equtions; shear-driven and separated flowpressure-driven flows in the slip regimepressure-driven flows in the transition anfree-molecular regimes; thermal effectprototype applications; electrokineticalldriven liquid flows; numerical methods focontinuum simulations; and numericamethods for atomistic simulations. It seemthat the last two chapters would have bebetter placed right after the governing equtions. The authors constantly refer to Chaters 9 and 10 in their Chapters 3–8. Thchapter on applications of gas microflowstoo terse and would perhaps have fit thflow of the book better as part of the introduction. As compared to gas flows in mcrodevices, much less is known about liuid microflows, and the book reflects wethis state of affairs. One should add that slecting the material for a monograph whethe research field is so new as well as actiis never an easy task, and the presentthors should be complimented for a jowell done.

Among recent books that addressed tphysics of microdevices, the present onecovering only one branch of that physics—is perhaps the best of the bunch. This isgraduate-level monograph which is rigoous yet readable. The book covers both thoretical and numerical approaches to micrflow problems, including ones with heatransfer. The writing is lucid and focusednever winding or verbose. The text icomplemented with plenty of appropriatline drawings, sketches, and photographThe list of references at the end is comprhensive. All chapters have good prologuebut unfortunately, none has a graceful eplogue. Finishing a particular chapter,reader may end up wondering, so what?

This reviewer was not impressed with thproduction job performed by SpringerVerlag. As is more likely today for obviouscost-saving reasons, it appears that the bowas published from an author-suppliecamera-ready manuscript, without the beefit of a dainty copy editor or a fastidioutypesetter. Numerous typographical angrammatical errors crept through the finproduct and blemished what could havbeen an outstanding book. The book titand the table of contents each contain oglaring misshape. Units are italicized whethey should not be. Hyphens, en dashand em dashes are confused with eaother. Those are all minor quibbles, buwhen one is looking at a masterpiece paining, a scratch or two on the frame can beeasily avoided eye sore.


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Despite the few negatives,Micro Flows:Fundamentals and Simulationhas a lot tooffer and is certainly recommended asgood place to start for MEMS students interested in flow physics. Every libraryshould acquire this book, and for personbookshelves, the price is not too excessivat least by today’s standards.

7R46. Schlieren and ShadowgraphTechniques: Visualizing Phenomena inTransport Media. - GS Settles(Gas DynLab, Penn State Univ, 301 D Reber BldUniv Park PA 16802). Springer-Verlag,Berlin. 2001. 376 pp. ISBN 3-540-66155-7$89.95.

Reviewed by EE Covert (Dept of Aeronaand Astronaut, MIT, 77 Massachusetts AvRm 9-466, Cambridge MA 02139-4307).

The title defines the contents of this booIt is printed in a small type~8 point!, and is376 pages long, including seven pagescolored plates at the end of the book. It alscontains 1020 cited references. To quofrom the Preface, ‘‘No attempt was madecite all of the thousands of literature refeences in which the subject techniques amentioned or used.’’ Yet this reviewer believes Professor Settles has done an ostanding job of culling pertinent materiafrom this richness.

The chapter titles of the book are Historcal Background, Basic Concepts, ToeplerSchlieren Technique, Large Field and Fcusing Methods, Specialized SchliereTechniques, Shadowgraph TechniquePractical Issues, Setting Up Your OwSimple Schlieren and Shadowgraph Sytem, Applications, Qualitative EvaluationSummary and Outlook. In addition, therare three Appendices: A–Optical Fundmentals, B–The Schlieren System as a Forier Optical Processor, and C–SuppliersSchlieren Systems and Components.

This reviewer believes that the author hmet or exceeded his goal to ‘‘...fulfill theneeds of the novice for basic informationas well as those of the professional forthorough treatment of the topic.’’ To hiscredit, Settles goes to great lengths to defithe origin of the term ‘‘Schlieren’’ and toseparate Schlieren and Shadowgraph stems from other optical techniques including Kirilian photography. The historicachapter is very interesting. Who, amonmost of us, knew that Hooke was the fathof Schlieren Systems?

As a former supersonic wind tunnel operator, this reviewer found Chapters 2 andto be of top quality, indeed as are Chapte7 and 8. Settles has written an excellent dcussion of Sensitivity, Range, and Resoling Power in Chapter 3. But, he also notethat experience is an important factor in interpreting the images. The author is clearof a practical mind recommending the usof low cost high intensity automobile headlight bulbs as light sources, and steering tnew practitioner away from high cost laselight systems. However, he admits that l


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sers are a useful light source if the propcutoff is used. The careful reader will finuseful bits of information in each chapter

Like many experts, Settles cannot resoffering his view of the future of Schlierensystems and their application. In particulahe feels multipath and high-sensitivitSchlieren and resonant refractivity a‘‘...ill explored pathways...’’ He also seegrowth in the use of Schlieren microscopboth in normal and in stereo, as well as tuse of Schlieren procedures as a qualcontrol tool for transparent film and platmanufacture and for imaging for acousticand heating and ventilating. This reviewfeels that a quantitative Schlieren is an amirable goal, but for so-called ‘‘two-dimensional flows,’’ which are really threedimensional approximations to a planflow, the mathematical difficulties in tracinback the elementary contributions from thpath integral are demanding, unless a vesharp focusing Schlieren system is avaable. In the case of axially symmetric flowthe mathematical tools are available, but ivolve solving an Abelian integral equatiowith its singular kernel.

The book has very few detectable typgraphical errors. The most obvious is lin12, page 286. Occasionally, the typist hthe space bar in the middle of a worwhich is only an annoyance. The indexquite complete, but a space between eachange in the letters of the alphabet wouhave been appreciated.

This reviewer recommendsSchlieren andShadowgraph Techniques: Visualizing Phnomena in Transport Mediato anyone in-terested in optical systems for flow visuaization, and other studies benefiting frovisualization of physical phenomena otransparent media. Even in the current priod of competition for resources, an engneering librarian should carefully considethe customer’s needs before deciding notadd this book to the library’s collection.

7R47. Vorticity and IncompressibleFlow. Cambridge Texts in Applied Mathematics.- AJ Majda (Courant Inst of MathSci, New York Univ, New York NY)and ALBertozzi (Duke Univ, Durham NC).Cam-bridge UP, Cambridge, UK. 2002. 545 pSoftcover. ISBN 0-521-63948-4. $40.00~Hardcover ISBN 0-521-63057-6 $100.00!.

Reviewed by A Ogawa (Dept of MecEng, Col of Eng, Nihon Univ, T 963Tamura-machi, Kooriyama-city, Japan).

In this book, the theoretical and expermental analyses of the velocity fields witvorticity are applied to explain the physicaphenomena of flow patterns of varioutypes of vortex flows and of the flow structures in the boundary layer with high velocity gradient on a solid surface. Further, thvortex flow in nature is not always circulabut also elliptic rotational flows occur undestable and unstable conditions. Therefothe fundamental mathematical and applidescriptions of vorticity are important fac


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tors in fluid mechanics in scientific and engineering applications. From these viewpoints, this textbook is reviewed as follows

In Chapter 1,Introduction to Vortex Dy-namics for Incompressible Fluid Flows, thefundamental descriptions of the Euler anthe Navier-Stokes equations, and the impotant quantities of velocity, vorticity, helicity,impulse, and moment of fluid impulse ardefined. Chapter 2, entitledVorticity-StreamFormulation of the Euler and the NavierStokes Equations, discusses the vorticity-stream formulations of 2D. Periodic flowcat’s-eye flow, and also Beltrami flows ardiscussed with figures.

The existence of a solution to either thEuler or the Navier-Stokes equations on tsame time interval, given generally smooinitial velocity fields, is examined in Chapter 3,Energy Method for the Euler and thNavier-Stokes Equations. In Chapter 4,Particle-Trajectory Method for Existenceand Uniqueness of Solution to the EuleEquation, the questions of existenceuniqueness, and continuation of solutionthe Euler and the Navier-Stokes equatioare discussed.Search for Singular Solutionsto the 3D Euler Equations, is the title forChapter 5, where an important unsolved rsearch problem for incompressible flow anthe current attempts to make progressthis problem are the main focus. ChapterComputational Vortex Methods, deals withcomputational methods for simulations othe Euler and the Navier-Stokes equatiowith high Reynolds number condition fovortex dynamics, and includes a brief hitorical summary. In order to study the motion of slender tubes of vorticity at highReynolds numbers, Chapter 7,SimplifiedAsymptotic Equations for Slender VorteFilaments, describes formal, but conciseasymptotic expansions to the simplifieasymptotic equations; they are seenemerge with remarkable properties.Chapter 8,Weak Solutions to the 2D EuleEquations with Initial Vorticity in L`, aflow field having elliptic vorticity, likeThomson-Rankine combined vortex modeis examined.Introduction to Vortex SheetsWeak Solutions, and Approximate-SolutioSequences for the Euler Equationis the titleof Chapter 9, which describes a vortesheet problem occurring in the vorticity layers. The last four chapters—Weak Solutions


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and Solution Sequences in Two Dimensio2D Euler Equation: Concentrations andWeak Solutions with Vortex Sheet InitiaData ~with an example constructed bGreengard and Thomann!, Reduced Haus-dorf Dimension, Oscillations, and MeasureValued Solutions of the Euler EquationsTwo and Three Dimensions, and Vlasov-Poisson Equations as an Analogy to the Eler Equations for the Study of Weak Solutions ~with an analogy between vorticityand electron density!—address the math-ematical theory connected with small scastructures and dynamics in high Reynoldnumber and inviscid flow.

To sum up, this textbook for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate sdents, is aimed at mathematicians aphysicists to examine mathematical theoriand techniques, and to explore their appcations. It appears to be a little difficult tograsp the physical phenomena involved ato apply them directly to nature and engneering. Since there is a small gap betwethe actual fluid flows in nature and engneering and the contents in this textboowith the examples shown, it would be betteif the authors had introduced and explainethe examples from W Albring,Elementar-vorgange Fluider Wirbelbewegungen~Akademische-Verlag, Berlin, 1981!, and LLugt, Introduction to Vortex Theory~VortexFlow Press, Inc, 1996!. However, forgraduate students, mathematicians, aphysicists who can understand the conteof the books by GK Batchelor,An Introduc-tion to Fluid Dynamics~Cambridge Univer-sity Press, 1999! and by LD Landau andEM Lifshitz, Fluid Mechanics~Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1987!,this peculiar textbook certainly contributeto understanding the fundamental concepof fluid flow with vorticity, and to applythem to nature and engineering.

7N48. Cavitation of Hydraulic Machinery. -Series on Hydraulic Machinery, Vol 1. - Editedby SC Li (Univ of Warwick, UK). World SciPubl, River Edge NJ. 2001. 492 pp. ISBN1-86094-257-1. $125.00.

This volume deals with cavitation and its effects in turbines and pumps. After introducincavitation and its relation with hydraulic machines, the invited contributors review in detarelevant cavitation subjects from fundamentphenomena to various problems and solutimeasures in hydraulic machines.

7N49. Computational Fluid Dynamics 2000.Proc of 1st Int ICCFD Conf, Kyoto, Japan, Jul2000. - Edited by N Satofuka(Syst Eng, KyotoInst of Tech, Kyoto, Japan). Springer-Verlag,New York. 2001. 850 pp. ISBN 3-540-41459-2$159.00.

This proceedings is a compilation of papepresented at the conference.

7N50. Introduction to the Geometry and To-pology of Fluid Flow. NATO Science Series II:Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. - Edited byRL Ricca (Math Dept, Univ College, LondonUK). Kluwer Acad Publ, Dordrecht, Netherlands2001. 360 pp. ISBN 1-4020-0206-8. $129.0~Softcover ISBN 1-4020-0207-6, $51.00!.

Leading experts present an introduction to thstudy of the geometry and typology of fluidflows. From basic motions on curves and su

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faces to the recent developments in knots alinks, the reader is gradually led to explore thfascinating world of geometric and topologicafluid mechanics.

Geodesics and chaotic orbits, magnetic knoand vortex links, and continual flows are explained with the use of more than 160 figures aexamples.

7N51. Numerical Flow Simulation II. -Edited by EH Hirschel(Zorneding, Germany).Springer-Verlag, New York. 2001. 345 pp. ISBN3-540-41608-0. $179.00.

This volume contains the CNRS-DFG Collaborative Research Program Results for 1998-200

Building Aerodynamics. - T Lawson (Univof Bristol). Imperial Col Press, London. Distributed in USA by World Sci Publ, River Edge NJ2001. 286 pp. ISBN 1-86094-187-7. $66.0~Under review!

Introduction to Magnetohydrodynamics.Cambridge Text in Applied Mathematics. - PADavidson(Univ of Cambridge, UK). CambridgeUP, Cambridge, UK. 2001. 431 pp.~Softcover!.ISBN 0-521-79487-0. $110.00.~Under review!

Large Eddy Simulation for IncompressibleFlows: An Introduction. Scientific ComputationSeries. - P Sagaut(DSNA/ETRI, ONERA, 29 avDiv Leclerc, Chatillon, 92320, France).Springer-Verlag, New York. 2001. 319 pp. ISBN3-540-67890-5. $59.95.~Under review!

Modeling in Materials Processing. - JADantzig and CL Tucker III(Dept of Mech andIndust Eng, Univ of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL). Cambridge UP, New York. 2001. 363 ppSoftcover ~Hardcover ISBN: 0-521-77063-7$130.00!. ISBN 0-521-77923-5. $47.95.~Underreview!

Nonlinear Flow using Dual Reciprocity.Top-ics in Engineering, Vol 38. - WF Florez(Pon-tifical Bolivariana Univ, Colombia). WIT Press,Southampton, UK. 2001. 132 pp. ISBN 1-8531860-0. $97.00.~Under review!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!VI. HEAT TRANSFER

7R52. Advanced Thermodynamics En-gineering. Computational Mechanics anApplied Analysis Series. - K Annamalai(Dept of Mech Eng, Texas A&M, CollegStation TX 77843)and IK Puri (Dept ofMech Eng, Univ of Illinois, Chicago IL).CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton FL. 2002. 78pp. ISBN 0-8493-2553-5. $89.95.

Reviewed by L Byrd (ARFL/VASMWPAFB, 2790 D St, Dayton OH 454337402).

This book is best suited as a textbook fstudents that have had two semestersthermodynamics. Many of the topics caalso be found in introductory texts, but wibe somewhat lightly studied in a standatwo-class series. There are a large numof topics that are not covered in the stadard mechanical engineering sequence,though they come up in combustion or thchemical engineers sequence. One advtage of this book is that the material is ione text, and so it can act as a referencepracticing engineers. An extensive nomeclature list is included which is fortunatbecause the authors tend to use a lotsymbols and acronyms. It also makes


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easier to read just the section of intererather than starting at the beginning anreading material that is irrelevant to definthe variables. A quick outline of the booreveals:• Multi-component, multi-phase thermody

namics,• An introduction to statistical thermody

namics,• First- and second-law analysis with

thorough discussion of entropy genertion,

• Availability analysis and how it can beused in thermal analysis,

• Energy and entropy fundamental formulations with generalized work modes anuse of the Legendre transformation,

• State relationships for real gases and luids,

• Thermodynamics of pure fluids,• Thermodynamics of mixtures including

phase equilibrium for a mixture,• Stability of pure fluids and mixtures, an• Chemically reacting systems includin

combustion, equilibrium, and availabilityanalysis.Analysis of multi-component systems i

introduced early in the text and carriethrough as needed. The introduction to stistical thermodynamics is brief due to thbroad range of topics covered. The thiand fourth chapters discuss first- ansecond-law analysis, entropy generatioand availability analysis, while Chaptersand 7 cover equations of state and pure flids. Much of this is covered in undergraduate texts, but repeating it helps introducthe advanced material. The authors inclunumerous examples, and this materwould be useful in design using entropgeneration minimization. The nomenclatuused in the European literature is introduced which is helpful when reviewing international texts. Chapter 5 is a short odescribing thermodynamics in terms of foupostulates rather than laws. It deals largewith use of the Legendre transform of thinternal energy formulation of the equatioof state. The remainder of the book deawith topics generally found in chemical engineering thermodynamics. Chapters 8 a9 cover non-reacting mixtures. Chapter 1principally introduces the thermodynamicof combustion and chapters 11–13 covchemically reacting systems. One additiothat would fit in with the aim of the textwould be more coverage of psychrometricAnother would be software to replace thtables of material property data found at thback of the text.

The main criticism this reviewer has fothe text is the large number of publishinerrors. This reviewer estimates there aseveral hundred changes that should habeen made before the book was printed.should be stated that, except for the figurethe vast majority of these changes are mnor. Examples are inconsistent subscriptiof variables, changes in font size, or repeated words. By far, the biggest problem


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the horrendous quality of the figures. Imany figures, text was left out or partiallobscured or just unreadable. In a few casthe usefulness of the figure was totally ngated. The graphics were of low quality.comparison of the figures with those in thtext from this reviewer’s undergraduatthermodynamics class, which was writteover 30 years ago, shows that a great dof improvement is possible.

Writing a text is hard work, and for theauthors to catch typing errors is difficult because the mind corrects for mistakes thoccur. This reviewer will keep this book onhis shelf and anticipates using it becauthe broad range of topics covered and tnumerous examples given make it a goreference text. What this reviewer would really like to have is the corrected versiobecauseAdvanced Thermodynamics Engneeringcould evolve into an excellent text

7R53. Efficient Surfaces for Heat Ex-changers: Fundamentals and Design. -EK Kalinin, GA Dreitser(Moscow AviationInst, Tech Univ, Moscow, Russia), IZ Kopp(St-Petersburg State Tech Univ, St Peteburg, Russia), AS Myakochin (MoscowAviation Inst, Tech Univ, Moscow, Russia.Begell House, New York. 2002. 392 ppISBN 1-56700-167-X. $85.50.

Reviewed by WS Janna (Herff Col of EnUniv of Memphis, 201E Eng Admin, Memphis TN 38152).

The authors have written a text for all researchers and engineers interested in thesign, production, and testing of heat echangers. The focus in the text is oenhancing the heat transfer rate. The tewas written originally in Russian and watranslated into English by Arthur Bergleand William Begell.

The Preface to the first Russian editiowritten by the authors, describes the arein which thermal equipment is widely usedThey go on to say that the developmentefficient compact heat exchangers is a prolem requiring immediate attention, and ththere are many publications that addressficient heat transfer surfaces. Large ecnomic losses can be avoided by using the~Note that the use of the words ‘‘efficiensurfaces’’ in the title does not refer to thtraditional concept of efficiency as applieto heat transfer from extended surfaceRather, the meaning is that by adding etended areas to key surfaces in a heatchanger, the overall heat transferred in texchanger can be increased.! The authorsprovide much detail regarding the physicinteraction between coolants and heat tranfer surfaces in all problems considered.

The Preface to the English edition, writteby the translators, provides a brief historof how the text came to be translated. Thtranslators are ‘‘pleased to present the boto heat transfer engineers;’’ they feel asthey have helped, at least partially, to minmize the distance between the ‘‘culture


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philosophies, and methods’’ that exist oboth sides of the Atlantic and ‘‘beyond thUrals.’’

The Foreword to the English Edition wawritten by I Z Kopp on behalf of the au-thors, which contains among other thingan acknowledgment of the work done bthe translators.

The first chapter is on modern conceptsheat transfer surfaces and their efficiencHeat transfer from extended surfaces is dcussed here, as is micro- and macrostrture of heat transfer surfaces. Special fetures of coated surfaces are also addressas well as other relevant topics.

The second chapter is on Efficient Sufaces of Convection Heat Transfer. The toics covered here include heat transfer ehancement in straight channels, enhanment in tubes, and enhancement in longidinal flow past tube bundles and annulchannels. Triangular and flat channels aalso considered.

Chapter 3 is on Efficiency of Heat Transfer Surfaces in Boiling of Liquids. Nucleation of vapor on real surfaces is discussas is stable vs unstable nuclei. The chapconcludes with a section that describesexperimental study of boiling on real sufaces with enhancement.

Chapter 4 is about Efficient Heat TransfSurfaces in Condensation. Surface modcations for which studies have been doinclude annular grooves on horizontal tuband on vertical tubes. Also described is tproblem of condensation of vapor-air mixtures on vertical and horizontal tubes.

Chapter 5 discusses Efficient SurfacesThermal Radiation. Some fundamentalsradiation heat transfer are presented asintroduction. The effect of surface structuon the efficiency of radiative heat transfercovered, as are finned surfaces, screens,the effect of intermediate media.

Chapter 6 is about Methods of Calculatioand Design of Efficient Heat Transfer Sufaces. The chapter begins with estimatithe efficiency of heat transfer enhancemeIt continues with a guide to selection ofmethod of enhancement in channels, andtubes. Recommendations are given for otimal parameters of turbulizers for differenheat exchanger types. The chapter cocludes with a section on standard dimesions of turbulizers on tubes.

The next section, References, is 18 paglong and contains 274 entries. Each refeence is numbered and listed accordingchapter. It appears as if many of the titlehave been published in Russian.

The Appendix contains unit conversionas well as conversion factors. The unit coversion tables and the conversion facttables contain the same basic informatiobut they are organized differently and afrom different sources.

The index of this text might be considerea bit lengthy. It is nine pages long and prpared in a single-column format. Two co


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The text is over 350 pages and containumerous drawings and graphs. It is bacally a literature review of papers and research that pertain to the subject statedthe title. The drawings and graphs are aceptable, although distinctive. The front othe text contains a six-page nomenclatulist used in the book.~One difficulty withthe nomenclature is that some of the symbols are not what is commonly used in thEnglish literature~eg, n! for viscosity ratherthan u!.

The text is readable and clearly writtenThe book is not suitable for use as a clasroom textbook, however, because there ano practice problems appearing anywheThere are no property tables in the text, athere are no calculations that would shospecific examples of how to design a heexchanger surface to enhance heat trans

The material would appeal to anyonworking with heat exchangers in any capaity as well as to the engineer or researchdesiring to design a surface in a heat echanger that will enhance heat transfer.Ef-ficient Surfaces for Heat Exchangers: Fundamentals and Designwould make anexcellent addition to any reference library

7N54. Advanced Computational Methods inHeat Transfer VII. Proc of 7th Int Conf. -Edited by B Sunden(Lund Inst of Tech, Swedenand CA Brebbia(Wessex Inst of Tech, Southamton, UK). WIT Press, Southampton, UK. 2002558 pp. ISBN 1-85312-906-2. $285.00.

Heat transfer topics are commonly of a vecomplex nature. Often different mechanisms likheat conduction, convection, thermal radiatioand nonlinear phenomena, such as temperatudependent thermophysical properties, and phchange occur simultaneously. Nevertheless,vances in numerical solution methods of partidifferential equations and access to high-speefficient computers have led to dramatic avances in recent years.

Presenting new approaches to the numericallution of heat transfer problems, this volume dicusses well-established and efficient numerictechniques like finite differences, finite volumefinite elements, and boundary elements. Specattention is also paid to complex thermal prolems from engineering practice.

7N55. Heat and Fluid Flow in Microscaleand Nanoscale Structures.Developments inHeat Transfer Series, Vol 13. - Edited by MFaghri (Univ of Rhode Island)and B Sunden(Lund Inst of Tech, Sweden). WIT Press,Southampton, UK. 2002. ISBN 1-85312-893-$231.00.

Fundamental and applied investigations of mcroscopic phenomena of thermal processes hbeen demanded by recent developments in mcroelectronics, laser-based systems, micro hexchangers, micro heat pipes, sensors, and actors. Micro cooling technology has been deveoped in response to the need for thermal contin the fabrication and operation of such microand nanoscale devices. In addition to meetingmicroscale size requirements, micro cooling dvices must be capable of accommodating etremely high heat flux loads. Extensive researis now taking place internationally, and this boopresents state-of-the-art advances in this fieldthe following topics: microscale energy transpoin solids; energy transfer and conversionmicro- and nanoscale; heat conduction in micr


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structures; convective rarefied or low densigaseous flow and heat transfer; radiative enertransport on the microscale; micro heat pipemicroscale energy systems; microscale refrigetion; micro-machining technologies.

7N56. Heat Transfer in Gas Turbines.Devel-opments in Heat Transfer Series, Vol 8. - Editedby B Sunden(Lund Inst of Tech, Sweden)and MFaghri (Univ of Rhode Island). WIT Press,Southampton, UK. 2002. 536 pp. ISBN 1-85312666-7. $247.00.

Gas turbine engines and systems are desigto convert the energy of a fuel into some form ouseful power, such as mechanical shaft powelectrical power, or the high-speed thrust of a jeResearch and development designed to perfefficient cooling in gas turbines require fundamental and applied investigations of hetransfer.

Containing invited contributions from specialists working in this field, this title reflects currenactive research and covers a broad spectrumheat transfer phenomena in gas turbines. Allthe chapters follow a unified outline and presetation to aid accessibility.

7N57. Proceedings of the ASME AdvancedEnergy Systems Division - 2001.Proc of ASMECongress, Nov 2001, New York. - Edited by AHernandez-Guerrero, H Metghalchi, RB Peteson, MM Rahman, BG Shiva Prasad. ASMENew York. 2001. 632 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3552-9ASME Book No I00520. $230.00.~ASME mem-bers $165.00!.

This annual compilation of 73 full-length, peerreviewed papers covers the following areas: Drect thermal energy conversion/thermal managment technologies and systems; heat pump arefrigeration systems design, analysis, and appcation; micro and mesoscale energy systems aconversion devices; and thermodynamics adesign, analysis, and improvements of enersystems.

Advanced Boundary Elements for HeatTransfer. Topics in Engineering, Vol 42. - M-TIbanez(Wessex Inst of Tech, Southampton, Uand H Power(Univ of Nottingham, UK). WITPress, Southampton, UK. 2002. 134 pp. ISB1-85312-898-8. $99.00.~Under review!

Non-Smooth Thermomechanics. - M Fre-mond (Laboratoire Lagrange, LCPC, 58 BlvdLefebve, Paris Cedex 15, 75732, France.Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 2002. 480 pp. ISBN3-540-66500- 5. $89.95.~Under review!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!VII. EARTHSCIENCES

7R58. Continuum Mechanics and Ap-plications in Geophysics and the Envi-ronment. - Edited by B Straughan(Dept ofMath Sci, Univ of Durham, Durham, DH13LE, UK), R Greve, H Ehrentraut, YongqWang (Fachbereich Mechanik, Tech UniDarmstadt, Hochschulstr 1, Darmstad64289, Germany). Springer-Verlag, NewYork. 2001. 393 pp. ISBN 3-540-41660-9$79.95.

Reviewed by LA Glenn (ComputationPhys Group, Geophys Div, MS L-200LLNL, 7000 East Ave, Livermore CA94550-9900).

This book is a collection of papers dedcated to Professor Kolumban Hutter of thDarmstadt University of Technology on thoccasion of his 60th birthday. The papeare broadly organized into four categorie

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namely applied continuum mechanics, smechanics, and porous media, glacier aice dynamics, and climatology and lakphysics. Altogether there are 19 topics coered, and the subject matter varies wideeven within a category.

In the first part, covering applied continuum mechanics for example, the six cotributions deal respectively with shocwaves in a radiating gas, anisotropic fluid~in which category the author includegranular materials!!, miscibility, nonlineardiffusion models, the second sound phnomenon in crystals, and electromechanical coupling with piezoelectric actuators. The short paper on miscibilitapproaches the subject from an especiaunique viewpoint, ie, by exhibiting an anaogy between a population of hawks andoves who individually behave differentlin the contest for a resource, and a mixtuof two constituents in two phases.

The four papers that focus on soil mechanics or porous media are similarly dverse. The first deals with the problem ofheap of grains that is driven by gravitdown an incline and develops the theothat allows the evolution of the shape of thheap and the depth-averaged velocity todetermined. The second investigates theture of the boundary at the interface btween a porous region and a clear fluid. Tthird deals with numerical techniques fosolving eigenvalue problems which ariseconvection driven instability problems inporous media. The final contribution in thpart discusses the application of the mchanics of multiphase porous media to usaturated soils.

Next come five articles on glacier and icdynamics. The first two of these examinthe physics of iceberg drift and the flow oglaciers and ice sheets. These are followby two papers dealing with the shallowice-approximation, the first describing computational methods and algorithms, and tsecond an asymptotic method for the anasis of steady plane nonlinearly viscous floof ice sheets. This section is rounded outan article on constitutive modeling and flosimulation of anisotropic polar ice.

Part four leads off with a discussion omodels for the response of the earth to teporally varying ice loads and continuewith two articles on climate modeling, thfirst aimed at arctic sea ice and its roleclimate variability, and the second withpresentation of simple models that helpunderstanding climate change. The final pper in this grouping compares different numerical treatments of advection terms fwind-induced circulations in Lake Constance at the crossroad between GermaSwitzerland, and Austria.

Continuum Mechanics and Applicationin Geophysics and the Environmentis pri-marily intended for active researchers inteested in geophysical modeling. The papeare connected only broadly and in the senthat they touch in some way on Profess


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Hutter’s main interests. As with most colections of this type, the editing has beeminimal, and there is no index. Althougmost of the material can be found in othplaces, this is a nice collection and shoube a welcome addition to one’s personlibrary.

7R59. Dynamics of Internal GravityWaves in the Ocean. -YZ Miropol’sky(PP Shirshov Inst of Oceanology, RussiaAcad of Sci, Moscow, Russia). Kluwer AcadPubl, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 2001. 40pp. ISBN 0-7923-6935-1. $149.00.

Reviewed by O Phillips (Dept of Earthand Planet Sci, Johns Hopkins UniCharles and 34th St, Baltimore MD 212182681).

Internal gravity waves occur in the atmosphere and oceans as a result of their intnal density stratification. In the atmospherthe flow is sometimes visualized naturalby rows of cloud bands, condensation rgions near the wave crests. In the oceathey have excited intense interest becauof their strong effects on acoustic propagtion. To a fluid mechanician, they offerbeautiful array of phenomena, mostly asconsequence of their anisotropy~the restor-ing force in the oscillation, gravity, actsonly vertically!. These waves can be demonstrated vividly in simple laboratory experiments; their phase and group velocitiare orthogonal, their frequency rangebounded, their wavelength changes onflection from a sloping bottom, and whethe stratification varies in the vertical, thercan be internal trapping and things like tha

This beautiful book, a graduate-level teand reference, is a poignant epitaph toyoung author, whose premature death hsaddened his many intellectual colleaguthroughout the world. Its development othe basic dynamical theory is clear ancomprehensive, starting with the lineatheory of propagation in a horizontally homogeneous, but vertically stratified mediuthat is otherwise at rest. It continues by inclusion of horizontal shear with the possbility of critical layers, and proceeds to discussion of horizontal inhomogeneitieInternal waves seem to be generated ubuitously in nature. A number of generatiomechanisms are known, but as Miropol’skfreely admits, there are still a few things tbe understood here. The Hamiltonian fomulation for weak nonlinear fields, solitonsand resonant wave interactions lead to twshort but informative chapters on oceameasurements and laboratory experimen

The qualities of this book remind us owhy the author was regarded as one of tbrightest leaders in this area of fluid mechanics. It is written comprehensively anauthoritatively, with clarity and grace. It isin places, demanding of the mathematicskills of the reader, but only when necessaily so. The line diagrams are fine, butmight have been helpful to have had a fegood photographs of some pivotal expe


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ments, such as there are in JS Turnebook, Buoyancy Effects in Fluids. Thetranslation by OD Shishkina is excellent—smooth and accurate.

It is probable that here we may havenew classic in the field and, though thprice is a bit steep,Dynamics of InternalGravity Waves in the Oceanshould be inthe library of every serious fluid dynamicisand dynamical oceanographer or meterologist.

7R60. Transport Modeling in Hydro-geochemical Systems. InterdisciplinaryApplied Math, Vol 15. - JD Logan(Dept ofMath and Stat, Univ of Nebraska, LincolNE 68588-0323). Springer-Verlag, NewYork. 2001. 223 pp. ISBN 0-387-95276-4$69.95.

Reviewed by J Koplik (Levich Inst, CCNY138 St and Convent Ave, New York N10031).

The book is a very well-written monograph which discusses the theory and soanalytic solution methods for a number othe partial differential equations~PDEs!which arise in modeling transport processin geological situations. The book is designed to appeal to both the mathematiand applications communities, and it doesgood job of presenting interesting materion both aspects. While quite readable onown, the book could be used for a specitopics course in either applications of PDEor the mathematics of transport phenomenrespectively, for its two intended audiencgroups.

The transport phenomena considered hare diffusion, advection, adsorption, and raction, usually expressed in terms ofsingle PDE, or occasionally a coupled sytem of them.

The general theory covers boundary coditions, Greens’ functions, maximum principles, wave propagation, some aspectsstability and nonlinearity, and numeroutricks which prove useful in particular situations. Numerical methods are very briefldiscussed in appendices. The principal aplications are to groundwater transport, fitration processes, solution kinetics, and ractive fluid flows. The physical basis of thequations considered is given in enough dtail to be convincing to all but the speciaist, and in a way that allows the mathemacal results to be interpreted physically. Thmotivation for the models studied, the reevant PDE theory, and the applicationsspecific problems are all presented in a unfied fashion, rather than sequentially, anda result one gets a feeling for the subjeinstead of a collection of facts.

The mathematical level is that of graduastudents in mathematical sciences or enneering, meaning that the prerequisitesomething along the lines of a standagraduate mathematical methods course,basic theorems are proven in a convincinbut non-rigorous way, and some of the letrivial general results are left for the refer


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ences. A mathematics student or a perswho has previously studied partial differential equations might find these parts of thbook elementary or familiar, but could stilearn a great deal from the numerous eamples included.

The book is not quite a practical guidesince it emphasizes problems which haan interesting PDE aspect to them andaddition focuses on ‘‘clean’’ mathematicaproblems, without delving into the effectof material heterogeneity and uncertaintymodeling parameters, which are often tmajor difficulties in real situations. However, the insight obtained from the basmathematics is certainly presented clearThe typography in the book is attractivethe figures are clear, and the price is typicfor volumes of this sort. The general refeences to the mathematics literature are fibut those to the applications seem somwhat limited to the author’s experience aninterests. Transport Modeling in Hydro-geochemical Systemsis certainly suitablefor libraries and as a collection of problemfor a general PDE course. It would beuseful reference and source of hints for egineers and scientists studying transpproblems.

7N61. Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions, Vol1. - Edited by W Perrie (Bedford Inst ofOceanog, Canada). WIT Press, SouthamptonUK. 2002. 420 pp. ISBN 1-85312-892-9$215.00.

This volume provides an overview of currendevelopments in theoretical aspectsatmosphere-ocean interactions. These includefundamental influence of the ocean surfaceatmospheric dynamics and also the impact ofmospheric phenomena on the upper ocean. Blarge scale ocean-atmosphere dynamics, incling low frequency variability, as well as shortetime-scales, such as the physics of the atmspheric and oceanic boundary layers and theirteractions with surface waves and related air-sprocesses important in marine storms are consered. The text also includes some recent researesults.

7N62. Geomorphological Fluid Mechanics.Lecture Notes in Physics, Vol 582. - Edited by NJBalmforth (Sch of Eng, Univ of California, 1156High St, Santa Cruz CA 95064)and Provenzale(Istituto di Scienze dell’Atmosfera e del ClimaCNR, Corso Fiume 4, Torino 10133, Italy.Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 2001. 578 pp. ISBN3-540-42968-9. $99.00.

Geomorphology deals with some of the mostriking patterns of nature. From mountain rangand mid-ocean ridges, to river networks and sadunes, there is a whole family of forms, strutures, and shapes that demand rationalizationwell as mathematical description. In the variouchapters of this volume, many of these patterwill be explored and discussed, and attempts wbe made to unravel the reasons for their dynaics in quantitative terms. Particular focus will bon lava and mud flows, ice and snow dynamicriver and coastal morphodynamics, and lanscape formation. This volume combines a pedgogical approach with up-to-date reviews of forfront research.

Air-Sea Interaction: Laws and Mechan-isms. - GT Csanady(Old Dominion Univ, Nor-folk VA). Cambridge UP, Cambridge, UK. 2001239 pp. ~Softcover!. ISBN 0-521-79680-6.$95.00.~Under review!

Macroscale Models of Flow Through Highly


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Heterogeneous Porous Media.Theory and Ap-plications of Transport in Porous Media, Vol 16. -M Panfilov (Oil & Gas Research Inst, RussianAcad of Sci, Moscow, Russia). Kluwer AcadPubl, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 2000. 363 pISBN 0-7923-6176-8. $148.00.~Under review!

Seismic Ray Theory. - V Cerveny(CharlesUniv, Praha, Czech Republic). Cambridge UP,Cambridge, UK. 2001. 713 pp. ISBN 0-52136671-2. $95.00.~Under review!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!VIII. ENERGY &ENVIRONMENT

7N63. Advances in Environmental Fluid Me-chanics: Science, Technology and Policy.FromInt Conf of Env Hydraulics. - Edited by HJSFernando and DL Boyer(Dept of Mech andAerospace Eng, Arizona State Univ, Tempe85287-9809). WIT Press, Southampton, UK2002. 300 pp. ISBN 1-85312-932-1. $153.00.

This is a state-of-the art review of various disciplines within environmental fluid mechanicstogether with associated public policy issues afuture directions. Invited contributions from a diverse group of distinguished specialists in suareas as fluid mechanics, hydraulics, meteorogy, hydrology, oceanography, and related pubpolicy issues are included.

7N64. Development and Application of Com-puter Techniques to Environmental StudiesIX. Proc of 9th Int Conf on the Modeling, Moni-toring, and Management of Environmental Prolems ~ENVIROSOFT!. - Edited by CA Brebbia(Wessex Inst of Tech, Southampton, UK)and PZannetti (EnviroComp Consulting). WIT Press,Southampton, UK. 2002. 410 pp. ISBN 1-8531909-7. $209.00.

This book presents the recent developmeand practical implementations in the theoreticanumerical, and applicable aspects of compuanalysis, simulation, modeling, control, and forcasting for environmental applications.

Papers cover environmental modeling, algrithms, software codes, and other topics relatto the scope and application of computer prgrams to environmental issues.

7N65. Fluid Mechanics and the Environ-ment: Dynamical Approaches. -Edited by JLLumley (Cornell Univ, Ithaca NY). Springer-Verlag, New York. 2001. 412 pp. ISBN 3-54041475-4. $74.80.

This is a collection of research papers writtein commemoration of the 60th birthday of SidneLeibovich.

7N66. Mesoscale Atmospheric Dispersion.Advances in Air Pollution Series, Vol 9. - Editedby Z Boybeyi (Sci Applications Int VA). WITPress, Southampton, UK. 2001. 448 pp. ISBN85312-732-9. $262.00.

In the last few decades, there has been increing recognition and interest in evaluating air polution problems over mesoscale and synoptscale. This monograph presents a collectioninvited review papers covering this complex phnomenon. All the contributions have been writteby leading scientists in the field and provide threader with organized and consistent discussioon different aspects of mesoscale atmosphedispersion. The material featured will be of inteest to researchers and students examining mecale meteorology, mesoscale dispersion, atmspheric boundary layer, and air pollutiometeorology.

Environmental Stratified Flows. Topics inEnvironmental Fluid Mechanics, Vol 3. - Ed-ited by R Grimshaw(Dept of Math Sci, Lough-borough Univ, UK). Kluwer Acad Publ, Dor-drecht, Netherlands. 2002. 284 pp. ISBN 0-7927605-6. $135.00.~Under review!


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7N67. 2001 Advances in Bioengineering.Proc of ASME Congress, Nov 2001, New York. -Edited by BB Lieber. ASME, New York. 2001.360 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3547-2. ASME Book NoI00515. $150.00.~ASME members $75.00!.

This annual collection of two-page, peereviewed technical papers covers the followinstudent paper competition~bachelor’s, master’s,and doctoral levels!; biomechanics educationspine biomechanics; joint mechanics; cardiovacular fluid/solid mechanics; cardiovascular dvice mechanics; micro, injury, and surgical biomechanics; cell mechanics; implanbiomechanics and technology; vehicular and pdiatric; pulmonary devices; cardiovascular solmechanics; cartilage mechanics interactionsports and sports injuries; tissue engineerinminimally invasive surgery; medical device design; bone mechanics; biomechanics; joint bimechanics; soft tissue mechanics; cardiovascufluid mechanics; heat and valve mechanics; anano and micro mechanics.

7N68. Computational Modeling in BiologicalFluid Dynamics. IMA Volumes Mathematics,Vol 124. - Edited by LJ Fauci(Tulane Univ, NewOrleans LA)and S Gueron(Technion-Israel Instof Tech, Haifa, Israel). Springer-Verlag, NewYork. 2001. 256 pp. ISBN 0-387-95233-0$69.95.

This volume contains invited and refereed ppers based upon presentations given in an IMworkshop which was part of a year-long program,Mathematics in Biology.

7N69. Crashworthiness, Occupant Protec-tion, and Biomechanics in Transportation Sys-tems - 2001. Proc of ASME Congress, Nov2001, New York. - Edited by HF Mahmood.ASME, New York. 2001. 184 pp. ISBN 0-79183581-2. ASME Book No I00549. $100.00~ASME members $50.00!.

This is a collection of 23 full-length, peerreviewed technical papers emphasizing the shaof the latest research, development, and applitions in crashworthiness, occupant protectioand biomechanics by experts in the academic aindustrial spheres. Topics covered include alumnum design for crashworthiness; nonlinear finielement and rigid body modeling; componeand vehicle testing; composite structure; inflaable tubular structure air bag; occupant responin frontal impact; seat system performancerear impact; FE modeling of human thorax; traumatic brain injuries; and cervical spine injuries

Biological Micro- and Nanotribology: Na-ture’s Solutions. NanoScience and TechnologSeries. - M Scherge(IAVF Antriebstechnik AG,Im Schlehert 32, Karlsruhe, 76187, Germanand SS Gorb (Biologische MikrotribologieGruppe, MPI fur Entwicklungsbiologie, Spemannstr 35, Tubingen, 72076, Germany.Springer-Verlag, New York. 2001. 304 pp. ISBN3-540-41188-7. $74.95.~Under review!

Cardiovascular Solid Mechanics: Cells, Tis-sues, and Organs. - JD Humphrey(Dept ofBiomed Eng, Texas A&M Univ, College StatioTX 77843-3120). Springer-Verlag, New York.2002. 757 pp. ISBN 0-387-95168-7. $99.0~Under review!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!X. GENERAL &MISCELLANEOUS

7N70. Handbook of Linear Partial Differen-tial Equations for Engineers and Scientists. -

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Edited by AD Polyanin(Russian Acad of SciMoscow, Russia). Chapman and Hall/CRC, BocRaton FL. 2001. 800 pp. ISBN 1-58488-299-$129.95.

This handbook presents brief formulations aexact solutions for more than 2,200 equatioand problems in science and engineering. Topcovered include parabolic, hyperbolic, and ellitic equations with constant and variable coefcients; new exact solutions to linear equatioand boundary value problems; equations aproblems of general form that depend on arbtrary functions; formulas for constructing solutions to nonhomogeneous boundary value prolems; and second- and higher-order equatioand boundary value problems. This handboalso presents solutions to numerous problems


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7N71. Proceedings of the 2001 ASME DesignEngineering Technical Conferences and Com-puters and Information in Engineering Con-ference - Print Version, Vol 6. From DETC2001, Sept 2001, Pittsburgh. - ASME, New Yor2001. 3372 pp. ISBN 0-7918-3546-4. ASMBook No IX0514. $500.00.~ASME members$250.00!.

There are 385 full-length, peer-reviewed tecnical papers included in this volume on thfollowing topics: multibody dynamics and vibration; rotating structures and machinery; dynamiand control of time-varying systems and stru


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tures; friction induced vibration; active, passiveand hybrid vibration control; noise control withsimulation-based design; modeling and simultion of structures with jointed interfaces; vibration of continuous systems; vibration studieon smart laminated composites; vibration of nolinear mechanical systems; nonlinear normmodes for systems with non-smooth nonlineaties; wavelet and time-frequency analysis and aplications; system identification, order reductioand fault detection; dynamics and stability otime-varying systems; vibration and control onon-smooth dynamical systems; piezoelectric atuators; smart mechanical systems; vibration icluding friction and impacts; dynamics and control of moving load systems; dynamics anvibration of robotic systems; experiments witnonlinear dynamic systems; and nonlinear dnamics and control of engineering systems.

Author Index for July 2002

The codes after each name give the sequence numbers of the items in the Book Reviews section (R 5 Review, N 5 Note).Books listed by title only or as ‘‘under review’’ are not included in this index.

AAlexandrov, DV -

R44Alexandrov, VM -

R29Aliabadi, MH - N40Ambrosio, JAC - N15Anagnostopoulos, P

- N17Annamalai, K - R52Antontsev, SN - R42Au-Yang, MK - R9

BBabitsky, VI - R12Balmforth, NJ - N62Bertozzi, AL - R47Beskok, A - R45Betts, JT - R21Bhat, RB - R7Birman, V - N32Boybeyi, Z - N66Boyer, DL - N63Brebbia, CA - N14,

N18, N34, N54,N64

Buyevich, YA - R44

CCapriz, G - N37Cartwright, D - N6

Dde Wilde, WP - N34Diaz, JI - R42Dreitser, GA - R53Dukkipati, RV - R7

EEhrentraut, H - R58

FFaghri, M - N55,

N56Fantoni, I - R20Farahmand, B - R26Faruque, O - N16Fauci, LJ - N68Fernando, HJS - N63Franchek, M - N24

Freistuhler, H - R8

GGallavotti, G - R43Ghionna, VN - N37Giovine, P - N37Gorshkov, AG - R11Greve, R - R58Gueron, S - N68

HHaddad, YM - R2Hamidzadeh, HR -

N19Heng, Lee Tong -

R22Hernandez-Guerrero,

A - N57Hirschel, EH - N51Hromadka, T - N4Huifang, Dou - R22

JJenkins, CHM - N31Jones, N - N18

KKalinin, EK - R53Kardomateas, GA -

N32

Karniadakis, GEM -R45

Kiong, Tan Kok -R22

Kleiber, M - N15Kopp, IZ - R53Krauthammer, T -

R28Krupenin, VL - R12

LLi, SC - N48Lieber, BB - N67Logan, JD - R60Lomax, H - R1Lozano, R - R20Lumley, JL - N65Luo, ACJ - N19

MMahmood, HF - N69Majda, AJ - R47McEvily, AJ - R27

Metghalchi, H - N57

Miropol’sky, YZ - R59

Myakochin, AS -

R53

NNewaz, G - N16

Nishida, SI - N35

Norton, RL - N30

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PPavo, J - N23

Perrie, W - N61

Peterson, RB - N57

Polyanin, AD - N70

Pozharskii, DA - R29

Prasad, P - R10

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Pulliam, TH - R1

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RRahman, MM - N57Rahnejat, H - N19Rajapakse, YDS - N41Rajendran, AM -

N18Ramesh, K - R25Rashed, YF - N5Ricca, RL - N50

SSaha, N - N16Satofuka, N - N49Settles, GS - R46Shindo, Y - N36Shiva Prasad, BG -

N57Shmarev, S - R42Sivertsen, OI - R13Straughan, B - R58Sunan, Huang - R22Sunden, B - N54, N55,

N56Szepessy, A - R8

TTakagi, T - N23Tarlakovsky, DV -

R11Torquato, S - R3

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VVentsel, E - R28Vertesy, G - N23

WWaas, AM - N33Wang, Yongqi - R58Whitcomb, JD - N33

ZZakharov, SV - R44Zannetti, P - N64Zingg, DW - R1


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