MMulti-ulti-yyear ear DDoppler oppler WWind ind LLidar idar EXEXperimentperimentto assess instrument performance in a wide variety of atmospheric to assess instrument performance in a wide variety of atmospheric

conditionsconditionsB. Gentry1, B. Demoz2, D. Venable2, G. Koch3, U. Singh3

1NASA/GSFC2Howard University

3NASA/LaRCWorking Group on Space-based Lidar Winds

July 8-11, 2008Wintergreen, VA

Acknowledgements: Dr Ramesh Kakar, NASA HQ

Outline: HU-Beltsville Research Campus (HU-BRC):

Location and over arching goals Location and over arching goals InstrumentationInstrumentation

Wind Experiment Proposed Goals Instrument platforms Major collaborations at the site:

leveraging and transfer Preliminary work and collaborations

DullesAirportSterling(NWS)

NationalAirport

BWIAirportHU

Beltsville

NASA/GSFC

UMBC

Wallops

PSU

UMD

UMD

MDE

Major Pollu

tion T

ransp

ort co

rridor

Uniqueness of Site

• Semi-urban site• Major Pollution corridor• Integrate Science and Education• Extensive instrumentation• Extensive collaboration with other agency• A GRUAN nominated site

HU-Beltsville Research Campus (HU-BRC):

Aerial View of Site3

1 M

et

To

we

r

Latitude: +39º 03’ 15.117’’Longitude: -76º 52’ 39.448’’

Elevation: 53.2 m

Radiation BldgGPS (X2)CeilometerMWRAll Sky

Office/Shops/Labs

MDE C-Band RadarProfiler

Full Air Quality

Lidar Laboratory

RamanALVIS/ATSTROZGLOW

8-levels T/RH

Flux, Net rad

Soil Moisture

Chemistry

PDBRSOSCORS

Opportunities for Federal/State collaborations

NASA/GSFC: focus is satellite and/or research that will lead to global scales and climatic impacts.

Wind, water vapor, Ozone, Temperature, aerosol (and soon Precipitation)

NWS – Sterling/Silver Spring: upper air instrumentation tested Assess different sonde package performance Assess ceilometer performance (cloud boundaries) Development of the consensus reference concept and student mentoring

NOAA/EPA: will forecast aerosol/Ozone. Model PBL/Flux verification

Maryland Department of Environment Collaborative pollution and state variable monitoring Summer Ozone sonde launches

Wind Lidar Experiment: Wind Lidar Experiment: GoalsGoals Develop understanding of direct detection Develop understanding of direct detection (GLOW) Doppler lidar wind performance for (GLOW) Doppler lidar wind performance for various aerosol loading conditions various aerosol loading conditions (pollution, cirrus)(pollution, cirrus)

Develop a data base archive for wind Develop a data base archive for wind measurements for the different seasons.measurements for the different seasons.

Participate in the intercomparison of Participate in the intercomparison of coherent and direct detection Doppler lidarscoherent and direct detection Doppler lidars

Compare Doppler lidar wind data to other Compare Doppler lidar wind data to other sensors: current or planned sensors sensors: current or planned sensors (Profiler, Radio sounding, AMDAR).(Profiler, Radio sounding, AMDAR).

Hands-on student trainingHands-on student training of students of students

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90

1000

2000

3000Wind Speed

Altitude (m)

UTC Time

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90

1000

2000

3000Wind Direction

Altitude (m)

UTC Time

150

200

250

5

10

15

20

m/s

deg

Double-edge filters sample wings of molecular spectrum to measure Doppler shift

GLOW mobile Doppler lidar

Time series of wind speed and direction profiles from IHOP_2002

Instruments for Wind Experiment: Instruments for Wind Experiment: WindWindGoddard Lidar observatory for Winds (GLOW)Goddard Lidar observatory for Winds (GLOW)

Wavelength 355 nmTelescope/Scanner Aperture 0.45 mLaser Linewidth (FWHH) 80 MHzLaser Energy/Pulse 10-40 mJRepetition Rate 50 ppsEtalon FSR 12 GHzEtalon FWHH 1.7 GHzPMT Quantum Efficiency 20%

Double-edge filters sample wings of molecular spectrum to measure Doppler shift

GLOW mobile Doppler lidar

Tropospheric wind speed and direction profile comparisons. GLOW lidar vs sonde .

Instruments for Wind Experiment: Instruments for Wind Experiment: WindWindGoddard Lidar observatory for Winds (GLOW)Goddard Lidar observatory for Winds (GLOW)

Wavelength 355 nmTelescope/Scanner Aperture 0.45 mLaser Linewidth (FWHH) 80 MHzLaser Energy/Pulse 10-40 mJRepetition Rate 50 ppsEtalon FSR 12 GHzEtalon FWHH 1.7 GHzPMT Quantum Efficiency 20%

Instruments for Wind Experiment: Instruments for Wind Experiment: Wind Wind -Validation Lidar - VALIDAR-Validation Lidar - VALIDAR

LaRC

Instruments for Wind Experiment: Instruments for Wind Experiment: Aerosol loadingAerosol loading- Howard University Raman Lidar (HURL)- Howard University Raman Lidar (HURL)

Raman Lidar- ND:YAG – 355nm- Day/night operation- Water vapor- Aerosol backscattering- All weather operation- Extensive operation with GSFC lidars

Extensive Radiosonde, Lidar & Satellite Studies

• MDE Code red days air quality monitoring

• NWS Consensus Reference Activities

• NASA Satellite Validation Activities

• Lidar Collaboration with (NDACC) at TMF/JPL

• Precision surface pressure data

• Education, Training, and Networking

Payloads flown1. Vaisala: RS 92, 90, 802. Sippican: MII-A, LMS63. Snow White4. CFH5. Intermet6. Modem7. ATM8. ECC/Ozone

Extensive upper air sonde capabilities: WAVES as example

http://ecotronics.com/lidar-misc/WAVES.htm

WAter Vapor Experiment – Sondes/Satellites - WAVES

Instruments for Wind Experiment: Instruments for Wind Experiment: WindWindMDE- 915MHz profilerMDE- 915MHz profiler Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS)Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS)

Data • Continuous RASS/Profiler Operation• Associated chemistry• 10 m tower• Data available over the web in semi real time• 3-4km reach depending on aerosol load

Example of a Weak Frontal PassageAerosol from lidar and wind from profiler

Example:Lidar profiler Synergy

Case: Low Level Jet

•Shear in direction/speed•Chemical transport •Night time phenom•Good test for DWL

Instruments for Wind ExperimentInstruments for Wind ExperimentACARS-AMDAR** : data available via web (FSL)ACARS-AMDAR** : data available via web (FSL)

DullesAirport

NationalAirport

BWIAirport

Example: AMDAR performance data from Moninger et al, 2007.

** ACARS - Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System network AMDAR - Aircraft Meteorological Data Reports

Ideal location for wind lidar comparison with AMDAR

Instruments for Wind ExperimentInstruments for Wind ExperimentNWS upper air data: developing statistics NWS upper air data: developing statistics

at IADat IAD

Completed: Characterization of the regional synoptic flow from 1980-2008.Establish boundaries of wind direction and speed.Use to characterize GLOW/VALIDAR performancs

DWL Experiment design :DWL Experiment design :

1) Surface + Tower + Profiler + Sonde 1) Surface + Tower + Profiler + Sonde Full Trop. WindFull Trop. Wind

2) HURL 2) HURL Aerosol loading Aerosol loading3) 1 + 2 3) 1 + 2 GLOW/VALIDAR GLOW/VALIDAR

characterization!characterization!

Methods:Methods:1) Case studies1) Case studies2) Statistical analysis2) Statistical analysis3) inter-instrument comparisons3) inter-instrument comparisons

Training:Training:1) A graduate student is working on 1) A graduate student is working on

theory/operation of theory/operation of GLOWGLOW2) Looking for a student to work on 2) Looking for a student to work on

analysis/ analysis/ meteorology/data integrationmeteorology/data integration