Awareness of Hepatitis/Jaundice Infection

Initiative from Maruti Suzuki India Ltd.

What is Hepatitis?

• Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver.• Can be caused by a variety of exposures

– Hepatitis viruses (A, B, C, D, and E)– Toxins– Drugs– Bacteria– Parasites

• Can be both acute and chronic

What is the Liver?

• The liver is a part of the digestive system

• The liver has four main functions:– Purification– Synthesis– Storage– Transformation

Symptoms of Hepatitis

• Acute / Chronic – Nausea/vomiting/diarrhea– Yellowing of skin/eyes– Fever/ loss of appetite– Belly pain– Extreme tiredness– Change in color of stool or urine – Joint pain or:– Nothing at all!

The Unhealthy Liver and Its Possible ill Effects

Types of Viral Hepatitis

Hepatitis BHepatitis C

Causes acute and Chronic HepatitisCauses Acute HepatitisHepatitis AHepatitis E

Food borne Water borne • Blood borne

How is Transmitted ?

• Person-to-person transmission through the fecal-oral route

• Exposure to fecally contaminated food or water

• Ingestion of fecal matter

• Outbreaks are usually associated with contaminated water supply in countries with poor sanitation

Hepatitis EHepatitis A

What is hepatitis A and E ?

• Results in an acute infection.

• It does not lead to a chronic infection

• They can lead to acute liver failure

Disease Severity

• Children: 70% have no symptoms• Adults: 30% have no symptoms

Hepatitis A

When symptoms occur, how long do they usually last?

• Usually last less than 2 months,

• 10%–15% of symptomatic persons have prolonged or relapsing disease for up to 6 months.

• 25% of adults need to be hospitalized

Prevention and control measures

• Hygiene

• Sanitation

• No vaccine available

Hepatitis A Hepatitis E

• Hygiene

• Sanitation

• Vaccination• 2 doses:(0 ,6 months)• 1 dose also available

Boiling water

Is there a risk to life with Hep A infection?

• Usually the course is mild• Leads to acute liver failure in:

– 1:1000 - children – 1:500- adolescents– 1% die adults– 1.8% die >50 years

Mortality is more than 50-60 % in the patients with liver failure

Liver transplant can save 80-90% of liver failure patients

Is there a risk to life with Hep E infection?

• Usually Hepatitis E infection is mild• Hepatitis E can lead to acute liver failure • It is more dangerous in pregnant women. • It can be severe with concomitant infection

and underlying liver disease