aviation history & current scenario

8/3/2019 Aviation History & Current Scenario

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Presented By

Amir A l i

Chie f Engineer (Ma intenance Opera t ions Cent re )

8 th Sep 2009

Prepared By

M. Ami r Ma l i k

Aerospace Engineer

AVIATION HISTORY &CURRENT SCENARIO



Aviation History

Evolution of Aircraft

Introduction to Aviation Regulation

Current Aviation Industry Scenario

Major Aircraft Manufacturers

Major Airlines

Current Aviation Statistics

Problems faced by Airlines

Solutions

Sequence of Presentation



"Man will not be able to fly

for at least another 50years"

●

--WrightBrothers, c. 1900

Three years later, theyproved themselves wrong...



First powered airplane todemonstrate sustained flightunder the full control of the pilot.Designed and built by Wilbur andOrville Wright in Dayton, Ohio, it

was assembled in the autumn of 1903 at a camp at the base of theKill Devil Hills, near Kitty Hawk, avillage on the Outer Banks of North Carolina.

Wright flyer of 1903

December 17,

1903



Wright flyer of 1903

After a first attemptfailed on December 14,

the machine was flownfour times on December17, to distances of 120,175, 200, and 852 feet(36.6, 53.3, 61, and 260m), respectively.



Aviation History

Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level● Third level● Fourth level● Fifth level



Evolution of Commercial

Aircraft



Aircraft in the Making




Aviation Regulations

Introduction



The International Civil AviationOrganization (ICAO), a specialized agencyof the United Nations, was created with thesigning in Chicago, on 7 December 1944, of the

Convention on International Civil Aviation. ICAOis the permanent body charged with theadministration of the principles laid out in theConvention.

ICAO



The aims and objectives of ICAO, are to develop the principles andtechniques of international air navigation and to foster the planning anddevelopment of international air transport so as to:

ensure the safe and orderly growth of international civil aviation

encourage the arts of aircraft design and operation for peaceful purposes;

encourage the development of airways, airports and air navigation facilities;

meet the needs of the peoples of the world for safe, regular, efficient andeconomical air transport;

prevent economic waste caused by unreasonable competition;

ensure that the rights of Contracting States are fully respected and that every

Contracting State has a fair opportunity to operate international airlines;promote safety of flight in international air navigation;

promote generally the development of all aspects of international civil aeronautics.

ICAO Functions



The Convention on International Civil Aviation (theChicago Convention) states that signatories shouldcollectively work to harmonize and standardize theuse of airspace for safety, efficiency and regularity of

air transport. All the States signatory to the ChicagoConvention, now 188, are obliged to implement theStandards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) of the Convention.

Civil Aviation Authorities



Each signatory country has a Civil AviationAuthority (CAA) (such as the FAA in the UnitedStates) to oversee the following areas of civilaviation:

Personnel Licensing — regulating the basictraining and issuance of licenses and

certificates.Flight Operations — carrying out safetyoversight of commercial operators.

Airworthiness — issuing certificates of re istration and certificates of airworthiness to

Civil Aviation Authorities



The Civil Aviation Authority was created inDecember 1982 to handle all matters related toCivil Aviation in Pakistan.

The CAA not only serves as a regulatory bodyon behalf of the Government of Pakistan, itsfunctions include provision of services such asfacilitation, air space management, Air TrafficControl and Fire Fighting Services. The Authorityis also responsible for the planning,development and maintenance of all civilaviation infrastructure in the country.

CAA Pakistan



The International Air Transport Association (IATA) is an international industry trade groupof airlines headquartered in Montreal, Quebec,

Canada.

IATA's mission is to represent, lead and serve

the airline industry. IATA represents some 230airlines comprising 93% of scheduledinternational air traffic.

IATA



to act as a price setting body for internationalairfare

IATA assigns 3-letter IATA Airport Codes and 2-

letter IATA airline designators, which arecommonly used worldwide.

IATA is pivotal in the worldwide accreditation of travel agents.

IATA regulates the shipping of dangerous goods.

IATA maintains the Timatic database containingcross border passenger documentation

requirements.

IATA Functions



Current Aviation Scenario



Airbus – European Joint venture, France

Boeing – USA

Bombardier – USA

Embraer – Brazil

ATR – Italy - France

Aviacor - Russia

Major Aircraft Manufacturers(Commercial)

j i f f



Major Aircraft Manufacturers

In 1960’s, the Three USCommercial Aircraft

Manufacturers had over 90%Market Share, Today Airbus has

over 50% Market Share

B i Ai b



Click to edit Master text stylesSecond level● Third level● Fourth level●

Fifth level

Boeing vs Airbus

Airbus vs Boeing annual orders: 2001 to 2008



AIRLINE OF THE YEAR 2009

Rank Airline 2008

1 Cathay Pacific Airways 2

2 Singapore Airlines 1

3 Asiana Airlines 5

4 Qatar Airways 7

5 Emirates 9

6 Qantas 3

7 Etihad Airways 10

8 Air New Zealand 8

9 Malaysia Airlines 6

10 Thai Airways 4

W ld T B i Cl



Worlds Top Business Classes


T Ai li b N t P fit i



Top Airlines by Net Profit in2008

Rank2008

Airline CountryNet Profit($Million)

1 Lufthansa Germany 880

2 Qantas Australia 876

3 Turkish Airlines Turkey 868

4 SingaporeAirlines

Singapore 737

5 Emirates Airline UAE 405

6 LAN Airlines Chile 336

7 Aeroflot RussianAirlines

Russia 232

8 SouthwestAirlines

USA 178

9 Air New Zealand New Zealand168Sour ce: Airline Business Aug 2009

T Ai li G b



Top Airlines Groups byRevenue 2008

Rank2008

Airline CountryNet Revenue

($Million)

1 Lufthansa Germany 36,533

2 Air France - KLM France 33,739

3 AMR Corp USA 23,766

4 Delta Airlines USA 22,697

5 FedEx USA 22,364

6 United Airlines USA 20,194

7 Japan Airlines Japan 19,453

8 Continental Airlines USA 15,241

9 British Airways UK 15,013

10 Qantas Australia 14,621

Source: Airline Business Aug 2009

P bl F d b Ai li



Fuel Prices

Global Economic Recession

Increased security requirements

Environmental Issues

Airport Capacity

Low-Cost Carriers saturating the market

Cockpit Crew Shortage

Problems Faced by Airlines

F l P i T d




Fuel Prices Trend

Fi i l F t



Financial Forecast

Financial Forecast shows a global industry loss of US$

9 Billion.

Ad t i C i l



E- Ticketing

Self Check-in Kiosks

Fuel Efficient Aircraft Engines

Lesser Carbon Emissions

Low-cost carriers

Light Weight Aircrafts increasing payloadcapacity

Technological breakthrough Nav/ Comm Aids

In-Flight Services (IFE, Telecom, Internet)

Advancements in CommercialAviation



Thank You

aviation history & current scenario

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