audubon news · audubon news page 2 fieldtrips please remember to contact the trip leaders several...

8
Audubon News December 2005 Volume 11 Issue 4 Monthly Meeting They’re Back - LBJs!!! Every November they descend on us from all points north. Hundreds of them are jumping around in the bushes, popping up just long enough for you to know they are there. Then they disappear. And you have to identify them! Yup, the LBJs, little brown jobs, are back to provide their annual winter identification challenges. But you will up to the challenge if you can make it to this months meet- ing. After some light snacks and stimulating conversation, we will brush up on our sparrow and wren identification skills in preparation for the Christ- mas Bird Counts later in the month. So sulk on over to the fellowship hall at the Sharon Seventh Day Adven- tist Church (920 Sharon Amity) at 7:30 PM on Thursday, December 1st. It should be a very informative evening. Charlotte Area CBC Contacts Gastonia CBC Saturday, December 17th Judy Walker 704-537-8181 [email protected] South Lake Norman CBC Sunday, December 18th Taylor Piephoff 704-532-6336 [email protected] Charlotte CBC Monday, December 26th Wayne Covington 704-362-1774 [email protected] Pee Dee NWR Friday, December 30th Judy Walker 704-537-8181 [email protected] Christmas Count Time Again Each year more than 50,000 observers participate in this all-day census of early-winter bird popula- tions. The results of their efforts are compiled into the longest running database in ornithology, representing over a century of unbroken data on trends of early-winter bird populations across the Americas. Simply put, the Christmas Bird Count [aka CBC] is citizen science in action. The primary objective of the Christmas Bird Count is to monitor the status and distribution of bird populations across the Western Hemi- sphere. The count period, which is from December 14th to January 5th, in North America is referred to as “early winter,” because many birds at this time are still in the late stages of their southward migration, so it is not “true” winter. When these data are combined with other surveys such as the Breeding Bird Survey, we begin to see a clearer picture of how the continent’s bird populations have changed in time and space over the past hundred years. The information is also vital for conservation. For example, local trends in bird populations can indicate habitat fragmentation or signal an immedi- ate environmental threat, such as groundwater contamination or poisoning from improper use of pesticides. From feeder-watchers and field observers to count compilers and re- gional editors, everyone who takes part in the Christmas Bird Count does it for love of birds and the excitement of friendly competition -- and with the knowledge that their efforts are making a difference for science and bird conservation.

Upload: others

Post on 28-Jun-2020

6 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Audubon News · Audubon News Page 2 FieldTrips Please remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last

Audubon NewsDecember 2005 Volume 11 Issue 4

Monthly Meeting

They’re Back - LBJs!!!Every November they descend on

us from all points north. Hundreds of them are jumping around in the bushes, popping up just long enough for you to know they are there. Then they disappear. And you have to identify them! Yup, the LBJs, little brown jobs, are back to provide their annual winter identification challenges.

But you will up to the challenge if you can make it to this months meet-ing. After some light snacks and stimulating conversation, we will brush up on our sparrow and wren identification skills in preparation for the Christ-mas Bird Counts later in the month.

So sulk on over to the fellowship hall at the Sharon Seventh Day Adven-tist Church (920 Sharon Amity) at 7:30 PM on Thursday, December 1st. It should be a very informative evening.

Charlotte Area CBC Contacts

Gastonia CBCSaturday, December 17th

Judy Walker704-537-8181

[email protected]

South Lake Norman CBCSunday, December 18th

Taylor Piephoff704-532-6336

[email protected]

Charlotte CBC Monday, December 26th

Wayne Covington704-362-1774

[email protected]

Pee Dee NWR Friday, December 30th

Judy Walker704-537-8181

[email protected]

Christmas CountTime Again

Each year more than 50,000 observers participate in this all-day census of early-winter bird popula-tions. The results of their efforts are compiled into the longest running database in ornithology, representing over a century of unbroken data on trends of early-winter bird populations across the Americas. Simply put, the Christmas Bird Count [aka CBC] is citizen science in action.

The primary objective of the Christmas Bird Count is to monitor the status and distribution of bird populations across the Western Hemi-sphere. The count period, which is from December 14th to January 5th, in North America is referred to as “early winter,” because many birds at this time are still in the late stages of their southward migration, so it is not “true” winter. When these data are combined with other surveys such as the Breeding Bird Survey, we begin to see a clearer picture of how the continent’s bird populations have changed in time and space over the past hundred years.

The information is also vital for conservation. For example, local trends in bird populations can indicate habitat fragmentation or signal an immedi-ate environmental threat, such as groundwater contamination or poisoning from improper use of pesticides.

From feeder-watchers and field observers to count compilers and re-gional editors, everyone who takes part in the Christmas Bird Count does it for love of birds and the excitement of friendly competition -- and with the knowledge that their efforts are making a difference for science and bird conservation.

Page 2: Audubon News · Audubon News Page 2 FieldTrips Please remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last

Audubon News Page 2

FieldTripsPlease remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last minute changes or cancellations. Also, if we don’t know you are coming we might leave without you!!

Wednesday, Nov. 30:Wing Haven

In the heart of Myers Park, en-closed by brick walls, is a hidden three acre world- renowned garden and bird sanctuary.

In 1927, Wing Haven was carved out of an old cotton farm by the Clarksons. Now, 75 years later, we can experience their legacy by birding these grounds which were planted specifically to provide shelter, food, and nesting cover for birds. Pools, circulating fountains, and bird baths are all you hear in this quiet residential neighborhood.

Join us to explore this wonder-land open early this day just for us. There is no admission fee but dona-tions are appreciated. For more information go to - winghavengar-dens.com.

Meet in the Wing Haven parking lot [248 Ridgewood Ave.] at 8:30 AM. If going, contact Dave Lovett at 704-622-2770/[email protected].

Thursday, December 1st:McDowell Nature Preserve

In conjunction with Park and Rec, we will be offering a bird walk at the McDowell Nature Preserve along the Pine Hollow and 4 seasons trails looking for winter birds.

If interested , call Karen Resmer, 704-588-5224, to sign up. Walk is limited to 15 participants. This walk will be led by Chris Huffstetler and Dave Lovett MAS members.

Saturday, December 3rd:Wintering Waterfowl

Ducks are the sure sign winter has arrived. This trip will take us on a tour of some of the best areas to view waterfowl in the area. We will spend most of our time at Coddle Creek Reservoir but will also check out the University City ponds, Cowan’s Ford and Lake Norman.

Dress in layers as it can start out pretty cold and snacks are always encouraged. We will probably be done around 1 PM so you can still get some Christmas shopping in af-ter a stimulating morning of birding.

We will meet at the McDonalds at University City Shopping center [W. T. Harris and N. Tryon across from the hospital.] at 8 AM. If you are planning on coming contact Judy Walker, 704-537-8181 or [email protected].

Saturday, December 8th:Cane Creek Park

Lucy Q will be leading a bird walk for us at Cane Creek Park just south of Waxhaw in Union County. Cane Creek Park consists of a 350 Acre Trophy bass lake and a total area of 1,050 aces.

We will hike the trails looking for winter birds and scope the lake for ducks at this lovely park . A large flock of black vultures winter at this park so you should get some up-close, personal looks at this raptor.

Meet at 9 AM at the Wendys at the Citgo station at the intersection of Ardrey Kell and Providence Rd. This is just south of the interchange of I-485 and Rt. 16. There is usually a small fee to enter this park. Con-tact Lucy at [email protected] or 704-364-9028 if you are going.

The scruffy redsand golds

of winter finchespuffed out against the wind

decorate our feeders.They cling

to the branchesof the fir

and make even the bareligaments

of the lilac bush flush with color.

I choose birds in their winter plumage

before the splendorof our neighbor’s tree

refractingin her window;

before the rainbowof her lights

strung along the porch.

After Christmasour neighbor

packs away her lights,storing strings of bulbs

in the attic.But the winter birds sit,

fattened and glowingfrom sunflower seeds

on the feedersin our yard,

lasting long, longpast the turning of the year.

Winter Choosingby Jane Yolen

Page 3: Audubon News · Audubon News Page 2 FieldTrips Please remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last

Page 3 Audubon News

Song: Individuals sing throughout the year, but infrequently in the winter, and the winter song may be different from the breeding song. Althought they tend to stay in dense vegetation, they are not generally difficult to see, and often response to vigorous spishing. Usually found in loose small flocks, often as-sociated with other sparrows. Their flight is jerky, not strong and their long tail is characteristically flipped to one side and pumped in flight. Generally found in open brushy habitats, often along the borders of ponds or streams, abandoned pastures, thickets or woodland edge, tall weedy fields, marshes, moist ravines and brush piles.

Chipping: Forages both in trees and on the ground. In winter frequently occurs in large, loose flocks feeding in short grass. Prefers dry, open woodlandsor woodland edges with grassy understory, orchards, parks, golf courses.

Field: Solitary or occur in small flocks (often of mixed species composition) in win-ter. They are not generally difficulty to see, and respond to spishing. As their name implies they prefer old fields with scattered bushes, thickets and brushy fencerows.

White-throated: Generally found in loose flocks or small groups, sometimes in mixed species flocks. when flushed, they may fly up into a small nearby tree where they are easily seen. A brushland birds often found in dense deciduous thickets or brush piles, often in woodland edges.

Savannah: Generally feed on the ground, but they may glean insects from branch tips. they are generally not difficult to see, and flush readily. Their flight is stron and direct. When flushed they frequently alight in a small bush, tree or stalks. They are not usually found in mixed flocks. They are birds of open country, grassy meadows, cultivated fields, lightly grazed pastures, roadside edges, and coastal grasslands.

Swamp: Characteristically fly only short distances. They are not difficult to flush, and respond readily to spishing. Found in dense vegetation, often in low, open and wet areas, commonly at the edge of ponds or flooded fields.

Fox: Can be found in small, loose flocks. Their flight is strong and direct, but when flushed they may fly from bush to bush with a nervous jerking of the tail. They feed on the ground, often using a double-scratch method; often they can be heard scratching among dried leaves. Winter habitat is usually found in low, moist areas with tall brush, and brush piles, often at the woodland edge.

Common Sparrow Habits/Habitats

Identifying Little Brown Jobs (a.k.a. Sparrows)

New birders often make the mis-take of trying to identify sparrows visually. This can be very frustrating because, except for a few species, sparrows don’t stay in view long enough to see the necessary field marks. Most of the time the bird will be zipping from one hiding place to another and/or will be flying away. However, by doing a little home-work ahead of time it is possible to narrow down the possibilities fairly quickly. Here are few tips for identi-fying those LBJs.

1. Know what species are most likely to be seen and study them carefully.

First, become familiar with the most common winter species. In this area, the LBJs most often en-countered are the song and white-throated sparrows. Most folks think they know what these birds look like but don’t be fooled. The white-sparrow has at least two plumage variations; juveniles may not have a white throat; and few birds will have the yellow in front of their eyes. And although we have one particular

subspecies of song sparrow that breeds in the area, there are 29 identified subspecies, which exhibit a wide range of plumages. Three or four different subspecies in a bush could give the impression there are several different species.

Other species that one can expect to encounter are chipping, field, savannah, swamp and fox. Although these birds are relatively easy to ID in the breeding season, winter plumages can vary especially on juveniles. Savannahs are an-other species that have a number of subspecies with variable plumages.

One last comment about spar-row plumages. Don’t rely on a chest spot to identify a bird. Almost any sparrow can appear to have a chest spot. Weather conditions, lighting, plumage stage and even feather condition can produce a what appears to be a spot on a bird. Although most of the sparrows we see in the winter are some shade of brown, white and gray, the pat-tern on each bird is unique to the species. Crowns, tails, face pat-terns and wing bars are much more important diagnostic than a chest spot.

2. Make sure it’s a sparrow.There are other species of birds

that are small and brown - wrens, New birders often make the mis-take of trying to identify sparrows visually. This can be very frustrating because, except for a few species, sparrows don’t stay in view long enough to see the necessary field

Continued on page 4

Page 4: Audubon News · Audubon News Page 2 FieldTrips Please remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last

Audubon News Page 4

Dave Lovett has been doing a fantastic job as our new field trip leader. His enthusiasm is in-fectious and his knowledge of birds noteworthy.

Thanks to him we have doubled the number of field trips we are offering and have added week day outings. The number of folks attending the trips has also increased. As with all things, popularity and success can beget issues that must be discussed. In this case it is bird walk etiquette. To ensure everyone has a productive and enjoyable outing we need to keep a few things in mind when we are on the trail.

4Contact the leader. Make sure you let the leader knows you are com-ing even if it’s only a possibility. We don’t want to leave you behind. Also, some field trips may need to be limited due to habitat con-straints. We would hate to turn you away after you got up so early.

4Be on time. Try to be at the meeting place a little early. If you need directions ask the leader or check the MAS web site for a map.

4Carpool whenever possible. This is a great way to get to know new folks, swap birding stories and learn a lot. And with gas prices nowa-days offer to chip in to cover the cost of the trip.

4Wear muted colors; no white (a danger signal to birds), red or other bright colors.

4Silence is golden. The keen senses of birds alert them to our pres-ence, long before we have a chance to see them. Whether alone or in a group, walk as quietly as possible and whisper. Take cues from the leader who might signal for quiet as the group approaches a bird. Quiet walks also make it easier to hear the birds when they are not easily being seen. Save the chit-chat for mealtime or when we’re in the car.

4Cell phones - turn them off or to vibrate. If you must take a call, please move away from the group and talk quietly. Keep the conver-sation short.

4Stay with the group. Don’t wander off. You will see more birds when there are more eyes to look and ears to hear. Also, if you are lag-ging behind you may spook the bird everyone is trying to see as you reunite with the group. It can also be frustrating for the group to have to constantly be waiting for folks to catch up. If the group leader is moving too quickly, ask him or her to slow the pace a little.

4Stay behind the leader, so when a bird is spotted, everyone can stop and get a chance to see the bird. If you spot a bird the leader has missed, let him or her know so everyone can see it.

4When using someone else’s field scope, take a quick look at the bird, then move aside until everyone has taken a look, then go back for a longer look. And offer to carry the scope if it’s a long hike.

4Help the leader make sure everyone who wants to see a bird gets an opportunity to see the bird, especially new birders.

So, the next time you are out birding with a group, whether it’s an MAS field trip or not, keep these things in mind. They will help you see more birds and be more relaxed which is exactly what we want.

From the President’s Perch LBJ Identification

Continued from page 3

marks. Most of the time the bird will be zipping from one hiding place to another and/or will be flying away. However, by doing a little home-work ahead of time it is possible to narrow down the possibilities fairly quickly. Here are few tips for identi-fying those LBJs.

3. Become familiar with habitat preferences.

Although sparrows are essentially ground feeders, where that ground is important to them. Swamp spar-rows want to be around water, while Savannah sparrows prefer open fields with areas of short grass. You won’t usually find these spe-cies together except when a pond or wet area is located in the middle of a field. Chipping sparrow also like open fields but like to have pine trees around as well. You won’t find a sharp-tail or seaside sparrow in Charlotte because they want to be in salt marshes. Habitat preferences includes wintering ranges. Although any bird could show up any where, 99.9% of a species will winter within it’s normal range. Outside that range they are considered a rarity.

Continued on page 7

Page 5: Audubon News · Audubon News Page 2 FieldTrips Please remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last

Audubon NewsPage 5

Richard Rhodes’ most remarkable biography of Audubon (John James Audubon--The Making of an Ameri-can, 2004, Alfred A Knopf) is, above all else, a love story. It’s a story of Audubon’s love for birds, his wife, and his adopted country—the fledg-ling United States.

Aside from the love stories, the book offers a feast of both natu-ral history and whatever we call history that isn’t “natural history.” Rhodes gives us an intimate feel for what life was like back then, more through the details than the “big picture.” How many bags of gun-powder, pounds of ground arsenic (to preserve bird skins), and flints (for your flint-lock rifle) did you need to bring to the field to collect and draw birds?

We learn how the young country expanded west of the mountains—the first step was mostly floating down the Ohio River from Pittsburg to the Mississippi and New Orleans. (This was a one-way trip, so the boats that couldn’t be outfitted for ocean travel were disassembled and the wood used in construction.) We learn of the economic depres-sion that swept the young country with the blockades before and dur-ing the war of 1812 and its impact on Audubon. (If history had been presented like this in high school, I might have paid attention!) We dis-cover how significant disease was, and how fast the landscape was changing even early in the 1800s.

Naturally, the countryside and its wildlife are the principal backdrop to the story of Audubon’s life. Audubon arrived in a land where humans were just beginning to alter the world around them, but had not yet come to dominate and overwhelm the entire landscape. We read of

market hunters shooting 48,000 Golden Plovers in a single day in New Orleans, Carolina Parakeets “abundant beyond description” along the Missouri River near Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas, (who would have imagined them that far north?) and the now-probably-extinct Eskimo Curlews in the Gulf of St. Lawrence seemingly as common as Passenger Pigeons.

Rhodes paints a detailed portrait of John James as a rather mercurial and most outgoing man. His mood swings were dramatic, perhaps never more than when he was in England working on the publishing of The Birds of America, but 4,000 miles separated from Lucy, his “dear friend” and wife.

He was nothing if not flamboyant. When he taught dancing in Louisi-ana, he was quite the rage. A mem-ber of his crew on the expedition to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, described him as “a nice man, but Frenchy as thunder.”

Audubon got around—from Phila-delphia to New Orleans and out to the Montana-North Dakota border; from Florida to the Gulf of St. Law-rence, and over to Europe, where he hustled his life’s project—The Birds of America. Along the way, over nearly four decades, he seem-ingly met everyone there was to meet in the young country.

A birder reading this book will recognize many that Audubon met as names of birds that might be on his or her life list—Wilson’s Plover, MacGillivray’s Warbler, Bewick’s Wren, Henslow’s Sparrow, Swain-son’s Hawk. Most played pivotal roles in Audubon’s life and their namesake birds were illustrated in The Birds of America.

The book is a rich and rewarding delight. If you have a birder in your life with even the slightest twitch of an interest in American history—both natural and the other kind—make sure this is under the Christmas tree next month!

If you’re interested in more of a summary of Audubon’s life and don’t have time to read the whole book, I am working on a webpage that traces Audubon’s life focused on the eminent naturalist histori-ans that influenced Audubon’s life and “their” birds. It’s sort of a “Cliff Notes” summary of Rhodes’ book, illustrated with the Audubon’s own plates depicting the birds named for these important people.

http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/Bier-regaard/Audubon.htm

Book Nook ReviewJohn James Audubon: The Making of an American

by Richard RhodesReviewed by Rob Bierregaard

Singing Life of Birds, Donald Kroodsma.

The Grail Bird: Hot on the Trail of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker, Tim Gal-lagher.

Ivory-billed Woodpecker, James Tanner.

The Ghost with Trembling Wings: Science, Wishful Thinking and the Search for Lost Species, Scott Wei-densaul.

Golden Wings, and Other Stories About Birders and Birding, Pete Dunne.

Lifebirds, George Levine.

The Verb To Bird, Peter Cashwell

A Field Guide to Little-Known and Seldom-Seen Birds of North America, Ben Sill, et al.

Another Field Guide to Little Known and Seldom Seen Birds of North America, Ben Sill, et al.

For the Christmas List

Page 6: Audubon News · Audubon News Page 2 FieldTrips Please remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last

Audubon News Page 6

With widespread interest in avian influenza or “bird flu”, Audubon is providing the following information and links as a resource for those who may be concerned about avian influenza, as well as about how birds are involved. Also included are some general precautions for protecting both human and bird health.

Background on Avian FluThere are over 135 different strains of avian influ-

enza virus. Most strains circulate in low levels within wild bird populations. Though they usually cause only mild illness in wild birds, some strains may cause lethal outbreaks in domestic poultry. A few avian influenza strains are more virulent, and can cause high mortality in both wild birds and poultry stocks.

Most avian influenza strains do not normally infect species other than birds, though a few subtypes can be transmitted from birds to humans. Avian influenza viruses become much more dangerous if they mutate to allow easy transmission from one human to another, not just from birds to humans. The most devastat-ing avian influenza epidemic occurred in 1918 when a highly pathogenic strain of avian influenza mutated allowing people to infect other people. An estimated 40-50 million people died worldwide as a result.

The Current Strain: H5N1Since 1997, the H5N1 strain of highly pathogenic

avian influenza (HPAI) has infected over 100 people and caused at least 65 deaths in East and Southeast Asia. While any human infection is cause for concern and action, this current avian flu outbreak has affected a relatively small number of people, and has very limited ability to be transmitted from person to person. Rather, the virus appears to be transmitted to humans through consumption of or direct contact with infected poultry or contaminated surfaces. Over one million domestic birds have been culled to contain outbreaks. There is no evidence the virus has mutated to spread widely from person to person.

Do Wild Birds Transmit H5N1 to People?In the summer of 2005, the virus spread to Central

Asia and China where it was detected in both domestic birds and wild birds. These outbreaks do not indicate wild birds are effective carriers or reservoirs for the H5N1 virus. The virus is so virulent that it appears to be self-limiting; infected wild birds die before they can travel far or transmit the virus to many other birds.

Leading experts including the World Health Orga-nization, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, and World Organization for Animal Health all emphasize that culling wild bird populations is highly unlikely to stop the spread of the disease, and

Avian Influenza InformationThis information was sent from the Audubon of North Carolina Office Oct.13, 2005

would only divert resources away from more important disease control measures. (See statements by UN Food and Agricultural Organization http://www.fao.org/newsroom/en/news/2004/48287/index.html)

Has H5N1 Been Found in North America?The H5N1 avian influenza virus has not been found

in wild birds in North America. There is a remote chance that infected wild birds from Asia could bring the virus with them during fall migration to North Amer-ica. The US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Geological Survey (USGS), Alaska Department of Fish & Game, and public health agencies are working together to test thousands of waterfowl and shorebirds for the virus in Alaska, and field sampling is being integrated with surveillance programs throughout the United States and Canada.

What You Can Do1) While the possibility of contracting the H5N1 virus

from wild birds is very unlikely, people who have close personal contact with wild birds should take measures to protect themselves by practicing animal handling and sanitary practices recommended by the USGS National Wildlife Health Center Wildlife Health Bulletin #05-03 (http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/research/WHB/WHB_05_03.html).

2) People who feed birds are not at high risk of contracting avian influenza from birds in their yards or at their feeders. However, since birds can transmit other diseases to humans (e.g. salmonellosis), people who feed birds should routinely clean their feeders and bird baths as recommended by Audubon (http://www.audubon.org/bird/at_home/SafeFeeding.html) and the USGS National Wildlife Health Center (http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/whats_new/fact_sheet/fact_birdfeeder.html). People who come into contact with wild bird ex-creta should thoroughly clean up with soap and water.

Additional ResourcesCenters for Disease Control (http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/) United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (http://

www.fao.org/ag/againfo/subjects/en/health/diseases-cards/special_avian.html)

USGS National Wildlife Health Center (http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/research/avian_influenza/avian_influenza.html)

BirdLife International Statement on Avian Influenza (www.birdlife.org/action/science/species/avian_flu)

Wetlands International Statement on Avian Influenza (http://www.wetlands.org/IWCA/Avianflu/AI_position.htm)

Page 7: Audubon News · Audubon News Page 2 FieldTrips Please remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last

Page 7 Audubon News

Most brand name (Kleenex, Charmin, Cottonelle, Brawny, Scott, etc.) disposable paper products contain 100% virgin forest fiber. Much of that comes from Can-ada’s northern (boreal) forests, a primeval expanse of pine, spruce, fir and poplar trees that nourishes caribou, lynx, bear, wolves and scores of songbirds. It is being logged at the rate of five acres a minute. The boreal for-est is the breeding ground for 3 billion songbirds. Nearly half of the birds we see regularly in North America use the boreal forest for breeding or habitat.

The average North American uses 50 pounds of tis-sue paper products a year.

Consumer tissue, sold in supermarkets, variety stores and pharmacies, makes up about two-thirds of tissue production, yet less than 30% of these products have any recycled fiber. Commercial tissue products, which we use every day in schools, offices, hotels, hospitals, sports stadiums, airports and just about every other public venue has a very high percentage of recycled content. Why shouldn’t we use this at home?

If every household in the United States replaced just one

box of virgin fiber facial tissues (175 sheets) with 100% recycled ones, we could save 163,000 trees.

roll of virgin fiber toilet paper (500 sheets) with 100% recycled ones, we could save 423,900 trees.

roll of virgin fiber paper towels (70 sheets) with 100% recycled ones, we could save 544,000 trees.

package of virgin fiber napkins (250 count) with 100% recycled ones, we could save 1 million trees.

The de-inking process that turns recovered office paper into recycled fibers for use in new papers is a heavy-duty washing, scrubbing and screening process. Those office papers are dumped into huge vats, similar to several-stories-tall washing machines, where sur-factants (specialized detergents) wash and scrub the papers apart.

Inks are floated to the top of the vat, where they are skimmed off. Heavier non-fiber materials in the paper (such as paper clips and staples) are swirled through centrifugal force and shoved through smaller and smaller screens to separate them from the fibers and send them out of the system as waste.

Recycled fibers are washed and scrubbed and washed and scrubbed and screened and washed again over and over before they get to the papermaking ma-chine.

Buy paper products with recycled content -- espe-cially post-consumer fibers. Look for products that have a high-recycled content, including high post-consumer

Recycled, Disposable Paper Productscontent. Post-consumer fibers are recovered from paper that was previously used by consumers and would otherwise have been dumped into a landfill or an incinerator.

Buy paper products made with clean, safe processes. Paper products are bleached to make them whiter and brighter, but chlorine used in many bleaching processes contributes to the formation of harmful chem-icals that wind up in our air and water and are highly toxic to people and fish. Look for products labeled totally chlorine-free (TCF) or processed chlorine-free (PCF). In some cases, elemental chlorine-free (ECF) may be acceptable.

Jack Meckler, 11/02/05

Sources:The Final Frontier, Audubon Magazine, Sep/Oct 2005Conservatree, www.conservatree.comNatural Resources Defense Council, www.nrdc.org/land/forests/gtis-

sue.asp

4. Learn the common chip notes or calls of the winter-ing birds.

The sounds the birds make are also important. This time of the year the birds aren’t singing territorial songs but they are still very vocal. Each species has a set of calls and/or chips that is unique to the species. Although hard to describe, the song sparrows have several vocalizations that easily identify the bird. But the only way to really learn these vocalizations is to be out in the field looking at and listening to the dif-ferent birds.

Once you become familiar with the common sparrows in the area, the more unusual birds will stand out. But even then you need to note not just the markings but where the bird is, how it is acting and what it is saying.

LBJ IdentificationContinued from page 4

Page 8: Audubon News · Audubon News Page 2 FieldTrips Please remember to contact the trip leaders several days before the trip. If you don’t, you may not receive information about last

Audubon News Page 8

Calendar of Activities

Wing Haven Wed. 11/30

McDowell Nature Preserve Thu. 12/1

Monitoring Avian Productivity Thu. 12/1

Wintering Water Fowl Field Trip Sat. 12/3

Cane Creek Park Sat. 12/8

Gaston Christmas Count Sat. 12/17

Lake Norman Christmas Count Suns 12/18

Charlotte Christmas Count Mons 12/26

Pee Dee Christmas Count Fri. 12/30

Members’ Potluck/Meeting Thu. 1/5

Judy Walker - President704-537-8181

[email protected]

Rob Bierregaard - Vice President704-333-2405

[email protected]

Larry Barden - Secretary704-535-6385

[email protected]

Lucy Quintilliano - Treasurer704-364-9028

[email protected]

Dave Lovett- Field Trips 704-622-2770

[email protected]

Wayne Covington - Bird Count704-362-1774

Marek Smith - Membership704-875-1391

[email protected]

Louise Barden - Publicity704-535-6385

[email protected]

Carol Horton - Hospitality704-556-1461

[email protected]

Andrea Owens - Member-at-large704-651-2232

[email protected]

Jack Meckler - Conservation704-540-1573

[email protected]

Board Members

Name Phone

Address [Street, City, ST, and Zip] E-mail

q Please, save trees and send me[us] the newsletter electronically.qPlease, add me to Meckbirds, the local electronic discussion list about birds and the environment.I[we] would be willing to: qlead a field trip qparticipate in a work day q do a program qserve on the board

Because National Audubon has reduced the chapter share of the national membership, Mecklenburg Audubon now must offer a Local Membership to cover the cost of the newsletter, web site and cost of meetings.

Join now and your membership will be effective until June 2006.

Mecklenburg Audubon Society

Return to: Lucy Quintilliano, Treasurer, Mecklenburg Audubon Society, P. O. Box 221093, Charlotte, NC 28222

q Individual Membership [$10] q Family Membership [$15]

Whoooo’s New?Susan WallThe WoodsJudy ShumsMelaine OchsRuth MoellerWendy Kaplan

Stacy & Mike ErbKim CoffeyPeter JonesMichele ArnoneCarol Ann Tomko