attachment 2_site investigation work

8/6/2019 Attachment 2_Site Investigation Work

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BASICS of

SITE INVESTIGATIONINVESTIGATION

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for PLANT DESIGNfor PLANT DESIGN

Civil, Arch. & Structural Engineering TeamYeon, Hyeongil


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The engineer in the organisation

So there are many possible organisational forms.

Engineers perform in many different roles in all of these.

For example:

Construction mana er,

Sub-contractor, Sales engineer for a supplier or sub-contractor

Designer,

Owner,

etc, etc.

In all roles, the engineer must understand the principles of

project management, and the contract obligations he/she has

accepted. But there is another concern . . . .


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1. General

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Site Investigation Program

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Type and Scope of Surveys

The type and the scope of a survey will dependThe type and the scope of a survey will depend

upon the purpose for which the survey isupon the purpose for which the survey isrequired and on the circumstances under whichrequired and on the circumstances under whichthe survey is to be carried out.the survey is to be carried out.

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re m nary an enera nves ga onre m nary an enera nves ga on Detailed InvestigationsDetailed Investigations

Verification SurveysVerification Surveys

Clarification SurveysClarification Surveys


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Application of Surveys to Projects

1)1) Geotechnical InvestigationGeotechnical Investigation

2)2) Geodetic and Topographical SurveyGeodetic and Topographical Survey

3)3) General Geological SurveyGeneral Geological Survey

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5)5) Hydraulic SurveyHydraulic Survey

6)6) Pollution SurveyPollution Survey


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Existing Services and Facilities

This preliminary investigation shall cover allThis preliminary investigation shall cover all

such services and facilities aboveground andsuch services and facilities aboveground andunderground, and some manual excavation mayunderground, and some manual excavation may

sometimes be necessary.sometimes be necessary.

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Geodetic and Topographical Survey

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Site Surveys

Topographical MapTopographical Map

MicrostationMicrostationMicrostationMicrostation InRoadInRoadInRoadInRoad

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availableavailableavailableavailable areaareaareaarea (versus(versus(versus(versus areaareaareaarea required,required,required,required, includingincludingincludingincluding

thethethethe requirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirements forforforfor futurefuturefuturefuture extensions)extensions)extensions)extensions)

variationvariationvariationvariation inininin groundgroundgroundground levelslevelslevelslevels

groundgroundgroundground levellevellevellevel relativerelativerelativerelative totototo openopenopenopen waterwaterwaterwater levellevellevellevel

obstacles,obstacles,obstacles,obstacles, roads,roads,roads,roads, rivers,rivers,rivers,rivers, coastlines,coastlines,coastlines,coastlines, bushes,bushes,bushes,bushes, etcetcetcetc....


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Site Surveys Field SurveyField Survey

Site conditions (actual)

Geologic and geotechnical conditions

Geo-hydrological condition (open water)

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Historical information (old rivers, drains)

Estimate the scope of field investigation

is the site accessible for equipment?

steep slopes?

First briefing on geotechnical conditions for planning

and design process


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General Geological Survey

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General

Geological MapsGeological Maps

To provide and understanding of the geological history ofTo provide and understanding of the geological history ofthe project areathe project area

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Study Reports the general character of the site and the degree of

uniformity of the geological structure

the location and character of possible faults, disturbed

zones and cavities

the classification of soils/rocks as to a e and ori in, their

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composition an assessment of the seismic sensitivity of the area

the availability of aggregates and cementing materials for

construction (borrow and quarry resources) examination of possible drainage problems


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Geotechnical Investigation

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General

Geotechnical InvetigationGeotechnical Invetigation

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General Advice based on Data

General Drainage, Site Preparation , andGeneral Drainage, Site Preparation , andEarthworksEarthworks

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Bearing Capacity & SettlementBearing Capacity & Settlement

Geotechnical/Foundation DesignGeotechnical/Foundation Design

ParametersParameters-- Ground water DepthGround water Depth

-- Soil Parameters (c,Soil Parameters (c, , Gs, etc.), Gs, etc.)


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Hydrological and Environmental Data

Collection

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Hydrology

Meteorology

Study of the atmosphere includingweather and climate

Surface water hydrology

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ow an occurrence owater on the surfaceof the earth

Hydrogeology

Flow and occurrenceof ground water

Watersheds


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Intersection of Hydrology and

Hydraulics

Water supplies Drinking water

Industry

Flood protectionFlood plain construction

Water intakes

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Power generation

Hydropower

Cooling water

ReservoirsLevees

Discharge and dilution Wastewater

Cooling water

Outfalls


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Engineering Uses of

Surface Water Hydrology

Average events (average annual rainfall,

evaporation, infiltration...) Expected average performance of a system

Potential water supply using reservoirs

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Frequent extreme events (10 year flood, 10 year lowflow)

Levees

Wastewater dilution

Rare extreme events (100 to PMF)

Dam failure

Power plant flooding

Probable maximum floodProbable maximum flood


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Free Running Water

For SeasFor Seas

-- meanmean seasea levellevel datumdatum (MSL)(MSL)

-- meanmean highhigh waterwater springssprings (MHWS)(MHWS) andand meanmean lowlowwaterwater springssprings (MLWS)(MLWS)

-- lowestlowest astronomicalastronomical tidetide LATLAT

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-- riserise andand rangerange ofof tidetide withwith referencereference toto StandardStandard andandSecondarySecondary PortsPorts

-- tidaltidal streamsstreams

-- thethe prevailingprevailing currentcurrent speedspeed andand directiondirection

-- predominantpredominant wavewave patternpattern andand predictablepredictable variationsvariationstheretothereto

-- generalgeneral morphologicalmorphological datadata

-- quantityquantity andand patternpattern ofof siltationsiltation..


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Application

Cooling Water Intake & Discharge

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Intake Velocity Cap Offshore Intake Conduit

C. W. Pump Structure Intake Conduit

Condenser Discharge Conduit Discharge Channel


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Flood Design Techniques

Use stream flow records

Limited data Can be used for high probability events

Use reci itation records

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Use rain gauges rather than stream gauges

Determine flood magnitude based on precipitation,

runoff, streamflow

Create a synthetic storm Based on record of storms


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Pollution Survey

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General

Survey, remediation,

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,

contamination

attachment 2_site investigation work

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